【单元考点培优】Module 3 Heroes 专题12 阅读理解（含答案解析）-2025-2026学年九年级英语上册单元复习考点培优外研版

/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年九年级英语上册单元复习考点培优外研版
Module 3 Heroes
专题12 阅读理解
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
The Giant’s Causeway is a natural wonder located in Northern Ireland. It is made up of about 40,000 basalt columns that were formed by volcanic activity millions of years ago. The columns are mostly hexagonal in shape, although some have four, five, seven, or eight sides.
According to legend, the Giant’s Causeway was built by a giant named Finn McCool. He wanted to fight a giant from Scotland, so he built a causeway across the sea to Scotland. When he saw how big the Scottish giant was, he ran back to Ireland. The Scottish giant followed him, but Finn’s wife disguised him as a baby. When the Scottish giant saw the “baby,” he thought the father must be enormous, so he ran back to Scotland, destroying the causeway behind him.
The Giant’s Causeway is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It attracts visitors from all over the world who come to see its unique geological formations and hear the legends associated with it.
1．How was the Giant’s Causeway formed according to science
A．It was built by a giant. B．It was formed by erosion.
C．It was created by humans. D．It was formed by volcanic activity.
2．What shape are most of the columns
A．Rectangular. B．Hexagonal. C．Circular. D．Triangular.
3．How did Finn McCool avoid fighting the Scottish giant
A．He ran away to Scotland. B．He destroyed the causeway.
C．His wife disguised him as a baby. D．He fought and defeated the giant.
4．What is the main reason people visit the Giant’s Causeway today
A．To see the unique geological formations and hear the legends. B．To meet giants.
C．To learn about volcanic activity. D．To see the Scottish giant.
Public holidays are important for every country. They are days when people don’t need to work or go to school. People celebrate these holidays in different ways.
In China, there are several public holidays, such as New Year’s Day, Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Labor Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, and National Day. National Day is on October 1st. It celebrates the founding of the People’s Republic of China. People usually have a three-day holiday. They may travel, visit friends and relatives, or watch the military parade on TV.
In the United States, there are also many public holidays. Independence Day is on July 4th. It celebrates the independence of the United States from Britain. People usually have picnics, watch fireworks, and attend parades.
Public holidays are not only for celebration but also for people to remember important events in history. They help people understand the culture and history of a country.
5．How do people celebrate National Day in China
A．They have picnics and watch fireworks.
B．They travel, visit friends and relatives, or watch the military parade.
C．They eat mooncakes and watch the moon.
D．They sweep tombs and remember their ancestors.
6．What is the purpose of public holidays according to the passage
A．To celebrate and remember important events in history.
B．To give people a break from work.
C．To promote tourism.
D．To allow people to visit friends and relatives.
7．Which of the following is NOT a public holiday in China
A．Tomb-Sweeping Day. B．Dragon Boat Festival.
C．Thanksgiving Day. D．Mid-Autumn Festival.
8．What do both China and the United States have in common regarding public holidays
A．They both have a holiday on October 1st.
B．They both have holidays to celebrate their founding.
C．They both have a three-day holiday for their national day.
D．They both watch military parades on their national day.
What do you think of black cats Are they unluckier than cats of other colours Many people in Western countries think so. For instance, people from countries like England and Romania believe that seeing this creature cross your path means bad luck.
Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley), did a study on cat colours and people’s understandings of cat personalities. The study found that people do judge cat personalities by colour. Scientists did a survey on the Internet. There were 49 statements (描述) matching five cat colourings with 10 personalities. People think orange and bi-coloured (双色的) cats are friendly, tri-coloured (三色的) cats are not generous, and white cats are calm, lazy and shy. As for black cats, people don’t think they have special personalities.
But why do so many people dislike keeping black cats as pets People think black cats have less special personalities, which might be because of their bad reputation. They think black cats may bring bad luck, especially at Halloween. Movies and television shows also make people believe that.
Although people have these ideas, UC Berkeley scientists give another reason: people don’t think black cats are pretty enough. After all, nothing can show black cats are unluckier than other cats. “It’s the personality of the cat, not the colour, that will let you know if the cat is right for you,” Cathy Marden, a scientist said.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
9．Many people in Western countries may think black cats are ________.
A．lovely animals B．a sign of bad luck
C．a sign of good fortune D．unfriendly animals
10．The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that ________
A．people often complain about black cats on the Internet
B．people think cats of different colours have different personalities
C．black cats are less popular than other cats
D．UC Berkeley did the best in studying cats
11．According to the study, people think that ________.
A．black cats have special personalities
B．orange and bi-coloured cats are generous
C．cats with three colours are friendly
D．white cats are calm, lazy and shy
12．What does the underlined word “reputation” mean in Chinese
A．脾气 B．体质 C．名声 D．外形
13．What does Cathy Marden mean by her words
A．Personality matters more when choosing the right cat.
B．Black cats are as lucky as other cats.
C．UC Berkeley has done a lot to help black cats.
D．Cats of all colours are friendly and pretty.
Everyone has got two personalities— the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real. You don’t show your secret personality when you’ re awake because you can control yourself, but when you’ re asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you. 14 The important position that best shows your secret personality is the one in which you go to sleep.
15 You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by new ideas. You don’t like to make people unhappy, so you never express your real feelings. You’re quite shy and you aren’t very confident.
If you sleep on your stomach, you are a person who likes to keep secrets. 16 You never want to change your ideas, but you are satisfied with your life the way it is. You usually live for today not for tomorrow.
If you sleep curling up (蜷缩), you are probably a very nervous person. You have a low opinion of yourself and often protect yourself from being hurt, so you are very defensive (戒备的). You’ re shy and you don’t usually like meeting people. 17
If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well- balanced (平衡的) personality. 18 You’re usually careful. You have a confident personality. You sometimes feel worried, but you don’t often get unhappy. You always say what you think, even if it makes people angry.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。
A．You like to be on your own.
B．You know your strengths and weaknesses.
C．If you go to sleep on your back, you’re a very open person.
D．In a normal night, of course, you often change your sleeping positions.
E．You worry a lot and you’re always easily becoming sad.
The Huaping Senior High School for Girls in Lijiang, Yunnan is famous not only because lots of students there enter universities, but also because it is the first girls’ public high school that doesn’t need tuition in our country —— it’s free to everyone in it.
Nothing would have happened without Zhang Guimei, the head teacher of the Huaping Senior High School for Girls. The 65-year-old woman has been fighting against the unfair things that girls in the mountain areas face for a long time.
In 2001 , Zhang noticed that many girls from poor families had little chance of getting an education. Then the idea of starting a free school for girls came into her mind. To raise money, between 2002 and 2007, Zhang spent the summer and winter vacations on the streets asking people to give away money to her school. However, she only collected about 10,000 yuan.
Later, a reporter reported her story. At last, she got two million yuan from the government, and the Huaping Senior High School for Girls was opened in September, 2008.
There were many difficulties at first, but Zhang didn’t give up. “I want my students to go to good universities,” she said. So far, nearly 2,000 girls have left school and received higher education at universities. These came at the cost of Zhang’s health.
When asked why she made efforts to help girls in the mountain areas, Zhang said, “Education for women can influence three generations （代）.”
19．What does the underlined word “tuition” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．学费 B．赞助 C．资金 D．拨款
20．Why did Zhang want to start a free school for girls
A．To raise money for the poor families. B．To help the poor girls to get an education.
C．To make Lijiang famous around China. D．To fight against the unfair things she faces.
21．What is NOT the reason Zhang succeeded in setting up the school
A．She was well-known in Lijiang, Yunnan.
B．She faced many difficulties but she didn’t give up.
C．She spent her holidays collecting money on the streets.
D．A reporter reported her story and she got the money to start the school.
22．What does the text mainly talk about
A．A middle school for girls. B．Ways to start a free school for girls.
C．Ways to collect money for a school. D．A woman head teacher in the mountain area.
Many people have read Louis Cha Leung yung’s novels. Unluckily, Louis Cha Leung yung, 94, an influential Chinese novelist, and better known under the pen name Jin Yong, died on October 30, 2018 in Hong Kong. Cha is well- known for his martial arts (武术) or wuxia novels.
Over 300 million copies of his works have been sold in the Chinese-speaking world. While few of his books have been translated into English, Cha is one of the world-famous Chinese writers, with fans across China. His stories have been in television shows, films, comic books, and video games. The first part of his most popular series, Legends of the Condor Heroes, was published in English earlier in 2018. Born in Haining, Zhejiang Province, Cha graduated from the Law School of Soochow University in 1948.
In 1955, Cha published his first wuxia novel The Book and the Sword under his pen name Jin Yong. He wrote 15 popular wuxia novels, and finished his last novel The Deer and the Cauldron in 1972.
Cha also founded Hong Kong’s major Chinese- language newspaper Ming Pao in 1959, and served as its editor -in- chief (总编辑) until 1989.
Cha also served on the Basic Law Drafting Committee from 1985 to 1989. He made some of the greatest contributions to Chinese culture and Hong Kong’s media development.
Hong Kong science fiction novelist Ni Kuang called Cha’s novels “the best in the world and of all time” and said Cha’s works would live on forever.
Hong Kong Screenwriters’ (编剧) Guild President John Chong Ching said Cha was “China’s Shakespeare”.
23．Louis Cha was born ________.
A．in 1924 B．in 1927 C．in 1948 D．in 1955
24．Louis Cha is most famous for ________.
A．his films and comic books B．his films and TV shows
C．his martial arts novels D．his Ming Pao
25．According to the passage, Louis Cha’s books are ________.
A．only enjoyed across China B．all translated into English
C．changed into different kinds of arts D．better than Shakespeare’s
26．Which is the correct order for time about Cha’s life
①Cha published his first wuxia novel.
②Cha graduated from Soochow University.
③Cha finished The Deer and the Cauldron.
④Cha served on the Basic Law Drafting Committee.
⑤Cha founded the newspaper Ming Pao.
A．①②③④⑤ B．②①⑤③④ C．⑤①②④③ D．②①④③⑤
27．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．The first part of Legends of the Condor Heroes was published in English in 2018.
B．Cha had worked for the newspaper Ming Pao for about thirteen years.
C．More than 3,000 million copies of Cha’s books have been sold by now.
D．Cha is the president of Hong Kong Screenwriters’ Guild.
Mother Teresa was born on 27th August, 1910. She attended the government school near her home until she was eighteen. At that time, some doctors and nurses from her hometown were working in India, and they often wrote to the school about their work. She decided to join them one day.
When she left school, she first went to Britain. Then a year later she went to India, where she began to train to be a teacher. After the training, she was sent to Calcutta, where she taught geography at a school and soon after became the headmistress (女校长).
However, although she loved teaching, in 1946, Mother Teresa left the school and went to work in the poor parts of Calcutta. Later she trained to become a nurse in Patna, and then began her work helping the poor and comforting the dying in the streets of the city. Slowly, others came to help her, and her work spread to other parts of India.
Mother Teresa is a well-known person. Many photos have been taken of her, as she travelled the world to open new schools and hospitals in poor countries. In 1979, she was given the Nobel Peace Prize for the lifetime of love and service she had given to the poor.
根据语篇内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。
28．Mother Teresa attended the government school at the age of eighteen.
29．Mother Teresa became a teacher when she was in Britain.
30．Mother Teresa was a history teacher in Calcutta.
31．Mother Teresa gave up teaching because she wanted to look after the poor.
32．Mother Teresa is a famous person because she has taken care of many poor people in the world.
On Sept. 8th, 2020, President Xi Jinping presented medals to the recipient（接受者）of the Medal of the Republic（共和国勋章）Zhong Nanshan, and recipients of the national honourary（荣誉的）title “the People’s Hero” Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei, at a meeting commending（表彰）role models in the country’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic（流行病）at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.
Zhong Nanshan is one of them. He led his team to Wuhan to fight against the illness. He made the important decision to cut off Wuhan from other cities to stop the virus. Thanks to him, the disease is under control day by day.
“Wearing this uniform, I should do everything for the country,” said Chen Wei, a key figure behind the vaccine（疫苗）. She made great achievements in COVID-19 related basic research and development of vaccine and protective medicine.
Zhang Dingyu, head of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, learned that his wife was infected（感染）with the COVID-19, but he still fought in the front line of the epidemic for more than 30 days. And he led the medical team to treat thousands of patients.
Although people have different positions, industries, abilities and levels, they can create great achievements in common positions. That’s because they have heroic dreams and do heroic deeds. Everyone admires a hero.
33．Who has been given“the Medal of the Republic” by President Xi
A．Zhang Boli. B．Zhong Nanshan. C．Zhang Dingyu. D．Chen Wei.
34．Which of the following is TRUE about Zhang Dingyu
A．His son was infected with the COVID-19.
B．He fought in the front line of the epidemic for over 300 days.
C．His medical team saved thousands of patients.
D．This year, he is eighty-four years old.
35．According to the passage, the recipients are honoured because they are all ________.
A．role models in the country’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic
B．making great achievements in science
C．key figures behind the vaccine
D．developing vaccine and protective medicine in 2020
36．The underlined word “treat”means “________” in Chinese.
A．对待 B．处理 C．招待 D．治疗
37．What is the best title of the passage
A．China’s Great Achievements B．Development of Vaccine
C．The Heroic Dreams of People D．Give the Epidemic Heroes Thumb（大拇指）up
Issac Newton was a quiet boy. Having lost his father before he was born, he grew up with his grandparents. At 17, soon after he finished schooling, young Newton would spend his time making small tools. His head teacher saw the genius in him and asked his mother to send him to the university. Newton set out for Cambridge in June, 1661.
Newton was always trying to understand and explain a lot of things in nature. To test a question about colors, he would stare at (凝视) the sun with one eye until all the colors changed. As a result, he had to stay in the dark for several days before his eye returned to normal. Newton was the first to show us that white light is made up of colors mixed together. He was also the first person to undertand the rainbow and explain how it forms.
A story goes like this: One day, an apple fell on Newton’s head, and it was then that Newton realized that the apple fell towards the Earth and didn’t go anywhere else. He thought to himself, he later knew all objects (物体) always fall towards the Earth’s center because the Earth attracts them. He realized that every object in the universe attracts every other object towards it. Then Newton discovered the law of universal gravitation.
Newton was an English physicist, mathematician and astronomer. Because of the significant work Newton has done, he is widely considered as one of the greatest scientists of all time.
38．What can we learn about Newton from Paragraph 1
A．He invented many useful tools.
B．He never studied in a university.
C．He didn’t like doing farm work.
D．He lost his mother at a young age.
39．Which words can best describe Newton when he was testing a question about colors
A．Careful and lucky.
B．Skillful and smart.
C．Relaxed and excited.
D．Hard-working and patient.
40．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us
A．When an apple fell on Newton’s head.
B．How one object attracts another object.
C．Why Newton was famous among people.
D．How Newton made the important discovery.
41．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage
A．What Newton was.
B．When Newton was born.
C．When Newton set out for Cambridge.
D．With whom Newton spent his childhood.
42．What can you learn from Newton’s experiences
A．Time waits for no man.
B．Practice makes perfect.
C．Roses given, fragrance in hand.
D．Where there’s a will, there’s a way.
Amy is a biologist(生物学家)working at a marine(海洋的) park. These kinds of parks provide fun and education for tens of thousands of people each year.
Amy takes care of many animals in the park, but she also does important research. As she observes the animals that she looks after, she learns more about their needs and behavior. This information helps the animals in the park, but it can also be used to protect other members of the species in the wild.
It's hard work to look after these animals. Their needs often change according to different hours of the day. So Amy must depend on her science knowledge and good number sense to help her make the right decisions all day long.
Even though dolphins spend much of their time underwater, they are mammals(哺乳动物). This means that they must come to the surface to take in air. Dolphins give birth to their young. They're not hatched from eggs. Just like all other mammals, mother dolphins must nurse, or feed milk to their babies.
Amy and her team know this first-hand. One of their dolphins recently gave birth. A baby dolphin is not small, either. It was almost 1 meter long the day it was born. A big dolphin usually eats about 4% of its body weight in food every day. Amy knows that a mother dolphin that is nursing needs twice the food. So when the baby dolphin was born, Amy immediately doubled the mother's food every day.
43．How much food does a 300 kg mother dolphin need every day
A．600kg. B．12kg. C．24kg D．52 kg.
44．What does Amy need to make the right decision according to this passage
A．Good eyes and quick mind.
B．Swimming skills and spirit of competition.
C．Love and care for animals.
D．Science knowledge and good number sense.
45．What does the underlined word "observes" in Paragraph 2 mean
A．nurses the young animals B．watches something carefully
C．plays with something D．says something about
46．Why is the information Amy learns very helpful
A．It helps to protect the animals in the park as well s those in the wild.
B．It offers fun and education to tens of thousands of people.
C．It helps dolphins to feed milk to their babies.
D．It helps underwater animals to come to the surface.
47．This passage is mainly about __________________________.
A．dolphins' life and food B．Amy's job at a marine park
C．education in a park D．protecting animals in the wild
Pearl S. Buck was the first American woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. She wrote more than one hundred books. But most people remember Pearl S. Buck for her novels about China. She knew the country and its people very well. For nearly forty years, China was her home.
Pearl's parents were Caroline and Absalom Sydenstricker. They were religious workers in China. In 1892, they were visiting the United States when Pearl was born in Hillsboro, West Virginia. Three months after her birth, the family left the United States and moved back to China.
Pearl and her family lived among Chinese people. Pearl's education began at home. Her mother taught her many of the things she would have learned in an American school. A Chinese tutor taught Pearl other subjects including the writings of the famous thinker Confucius, Chinese reading, writing and history. When she was seven, she began reading the works of British writer Charles Dickens. Many years later, after she had become a famous author, she said that Dickens' writing style had the greatest influence on her own style.
Her first novel was East Wind, West Wind. It tells the story of a Chinese girl who learns about the western world. But it was Pearl S. Buck's next book—The Good Earth that made her famous and brought her the money she needed. And it became the best-selling book in the United States in 1931 and 1932. Pearl S. Buck won the Pulitzer Prize. The next year, Pearl S. Buck was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.
After almost forty years in China, the writer moved back to the United States. Pearl S. Buck gave many speeches in America. She talked to young people about the importance of a good education. She told them they needed to know more about other people around the world.
48．What do most people remember Pearl's Buck for
A．Her famous speeches. B．Her special experience.
C．Her novels about China. D．Her winning the Nobel Prize.
49．Who affected Pearl S. Buck's writing style most greatly
A．Her tutor.， B．Confucius. C．Her mother. D．Charles Dickens.
50．What can we infer about Pearl S. Buck
A．The first prize she won was the Nobel Prize.
B．She paid much attention to the education of young people.
C．She was born in China and lived there for 40 years.
D．Her first novel made her famous and wealthy.
51．What helped Pearl become well-known and earn money
A．East Wind, West Wind. B．The Pulitzer Prize.
C．The Noble Prize. D．The Good Earth.
52．What is the best title of the passage
A．Introduction of Pearl S. Buck B．Forty Years in China
C．The First Nobel Prize Winner D．Chinese and American Education
On March 14 in 2018, one of science’s brightest stars went dark. Stephen Hawking, the world-famous scientist, died at 76 in Cambridge, UK.
Hawking is considered by many to be the greatest scientist in history since Albert Einstein. He came up with the theory that the universe began with the Big Bang and will end in black holes. His theory became the important base for a lot of later research. He also wrote books to help common people understand the universe. His most famous book is A Brief History of Time（《时间简史》）， which has sold more than 10 million copies around the world, according to CNN.
Besides his scientific achievements, Hawking was also someone who had a strong will and positive attitude.
When Hawking was 21, he was told that he had a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking. Later in life, he had to sit in a wheelchair and “speak” using a computerized voice. But this didn’t stop him from living a meaningful and colorful life. “If one is physically disabled, one cannot afford to be psychologically(心理上) disabled as well.” he once said.
Hawking travelled around the world to attend science meeting, visiting every continent, including Antarctica. He was also a fan of popular culture and appeared on TV shows such as Star Trek and The Big Bang Theory.
He celebrated his 60th birthday by going up in a hot-air balloon. When he was 65, he took part in a zero-gravity flight to experience weightlessness. He hoped to travel into space one day.
In 2013, Hawking spoke about how he felt life was unfair when he first knew his illness. “But now, 50 years later, I can be quietly satisfied with my life,” he said peacefully.
53．What is the author’s purpose in writing the article
A．To tell us the brightest star went dark and Hawking died.
B．To introduce Hawking’s famous book A Brief History of Time.
C．To describe how Hawking overcame his serious physical illness.
D．To introduce Hawking’s life to help people remember him.
54．How important is Hawking’s theory that the universe began with the Big Bang and will end in black holes
A．It helped him write all his books to help ordinary people understand the universe.
B．A lot of research which came after the important theory later depends on it.
C．It made his famous book sell more than 10 million copies all over the world.
D．This achievement led him to become a strong and positive famous man.
55．Which of the following statement is TRUE
A．He travelled around the world just in order to pay a visit to every continent.
B．Although Hawking had a serious illness, he still had a wonderful and meaningful life.
C．He was a fan of up-to-date culture and hosted TV shows such as Star Trek and The Big Bang Theory.
D．He was so positive and strong that he still felt satisfied when he was first told he had a serious illness.
56．What does Hawking mean by “If one is physically disabled, one cannot afford to be psychologically(心理上) disabled as well.”
A．Although one man has a disabled body, he can still have a strong will and positive attitude.
B．If someone is physically ill, he can’t pay more money to treat his psychological disability.
C．If one is physically disabled, he needn’t have psychological disability because it’s too much for him.
D．Although one man has disabled illness, he can also be psychologically disabled in his life.
57．In what order did the following take place in the story
a. He said that he was happy with his life 50 years later.
b. He had to sit in a wheelchair and began to use a computer to help him speak.
c. He took part in a zero-gravity flight to experience weightlessness.
d. He went up in a hot-air balloon.
e. He couldn’t walk and talk at the age of 21.
A．e-b-a-d-c B．a-e-b-d-c C．e-b-d-c-a D．a-e-d-b-e
On March 14, 2018，Stephen Hawking, the world-famous British scientist, died at 76 in Cambridge, UK.
Hawking is considered by many to be the greatest scientist in history since Albert Einstein. He came up with the theory (理论) that the universe (宇宙) began with the big bang (大爆炸) and will end in black holes. His theories became the base for a lot of later research. He also wrote books to help common people understand the universe. His most famous book is A brief History of Time (时间简史),which has sold more than 10 million copies around the world.
Besides his scientific achievements, Hawking was also someone that had a strong will and optimistic attitude (乐观心态).
When Hawking was 21, he was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking. Later in life, he had to sit in a wheelchair and speak using a computer. But this didn’t stop him from living a meaningful and colorful life. He traveled around the world for science meetings, visiting every continent (大洲), including Antarctic(南极洲). In 1985, he took a train trip around China. He was also a fan of pop culture and appeared on TV shows such as Star Trek (从星际迷航) and the Big Bang Theory (生活大爆炸). He celebrated his 60th birthday by going up in a hot-air balloon. He hoped to travel into space one day.
Hawking left our universe forever. One of science’s brightest stars went dark.
58．What was Stephen Hawking
A．A movie star. B．A teacher.
C．A scientist. D．A musician.
59．Which is the name of Hawking’s most famous book
A．Star Trek. B．A Brief History of Time.
C．The Big Bang Theory. D．Big Bang.
60．What does the underlined word “will” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．将来 B．遗嘱
C．心愿 D．意志
61．How did Hawking celebrate his 60th birthday
A．He traveled to Antarctic.
B．He took a trip by hot-air balloon.
C．He traveled into space.
D．He took part in a science meeting in the UK.
62．Which statement is NOT TRUE about Hawking
A．Hawking was an Englishman.
B．Hawking couldn’t talk and walk after the terrible illness.
C．Hawking took a trip to China before he fell ill.
D．Hawking could communicate with others through a computer.
Tim Berners Lee is not the most famous inventor in the world.However, his invention has changed our lives.
He was born in London, England in 1955.When he was a small boy, Tim was interested in playing with electrical things.He studied science at Oxford University.He made his first computer from an old television at the age of 21.
Tim started working on early computers.At that time, they were much bigger than now.He worked in England then Switzerland.Tim was really interested in two things, computers and how the brain works.How could the brain connect so many facts so quickly He had to work with people all over the world.They shared information about computers.It was hard to manage all the information.He answered the same questions again and again.It took a lot of time.It was even difficult for computers in the same office in Switzerland to share information.Tim also forgot things easily.Could a computer work like a brain Could it “talk” to other computers
There was an Internet already but it was difficult to use.In 1989, Tim Berners Lee invented the World Wide Web (WWW) all by himself.This had a special language that helped computers talk to each other on the Internet.When people wanted to share information with others, they used the World Wide Web.The Internet grew quickly after that.
Tim Berners Lee doesn't think he did anything special.He says that all of the ideas about the Internet were already there.All he did was to put them together.He says that many other people worked together to make the Internet what it is today.
Most inventors want to become rich.But Tim gave away the World Wide Web for nothing.He now works in America.He helps people share technology and wants the Internet to be free for everyone to use.Maybe he is the most important but least famous inventor in the world today!
63．What was Tim Berners Lee interested in
A．Looking for jobs in different cities.
B．Talking to people around the world.
C．Studying how to connect computers.
D．Exploring how to improve memory.
64．The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refers to “________”．
A．Working on early computers
B．Connecting different facts together
C．Travelling to the office in Switzerland
D．Repeating the answers to the same questions
65．In what order did the following events take place
a．Tim worked in England.
b．Tim worked in Switzerland.
c．Tim made his first computer.
d．Tim invented the World Wide Web.
e．Tim studied science at Oxford University.
A．c—e—d—a—b B．e—b—a—c—d
C．c—d—a—e—b D．e—c—a—b—d
66．What does the writer think of Tim Berners Lee
A．He is not famous because he is not rich.
B．He has changed our lives and he is great.
C．He did nothing special but make people a good life.
D．He has made great achievements in memory research.
Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber. He has climbed many high mountains in the world. Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years on an adventure (探险) in South America, covering 7,800 miles.
Although Jerry had great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled. He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”
Jerry learned that scientists need plant, rock and water samples (样本) from the places far away to do research (研究). But scientists can’t get there themselves as such places are hard to reach—only the bravest adventurers can make it. Jerry thought he could do something to help. He then came up with an idea. He set up a team of top adventurers to collect samples for scientists. By studying the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it.
Recently, Jerry and his adventurer friends have found a special plant life of Qomolangma (珠穆朗玛峰). The samples they brought back have helped scientists know how plants live in extreme (极端的) conditions.
For Jerry, this kind of adventure is most satisfying. “Such adventures have made us see life in a different way. Now, being the best climber isn’t important for me. What matters is doing something helpful while climbing the mountains. There is still much more we can do,” Jerry said to a newspaper.
67．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about
A．Jerry’s friends. B．Jerry’s success. C．Jerry’s job. D．Jerry’s research.
68．What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese
A．满足的 B．孤独的 C．耐心的 D．忧郁的
69．Why did Jerry set up a team of top adventurers
A．To make friends. B．To study plants.
C．To help scientists. D．To protect the earth.
70．Jerry and his friends’ adventures have changed their ________.
A．working places B．living conditions
C．interests and hobbies D．understandings of life
71．What can be the best title of the text
A．Dangerous Mountain Climbing B．Important Scientific Research
C．Samples Found by A Team D．Adventures Can Be Greater
In 1824, people found some huge fossils (化石) in the village of Stonesfield near Oxford, UK. William Buckland, an English scientist, discovered these fossils belonged to (属于) a huge animal, and the animal was not a known living one. Then he gave the animal a name: Megalosaurus, meaning “a great lizard (蜥蜴)”. *①*
At the time, Buckland thought the fossils were those of a lizard. *②* He described that the lizard was around 12 metres long and that it walked on four legs and could live both on land and in water.
Although Buckland mistook the fossils for those of a lizard, his naming of the animal was very important. Before that, humans found many large animal fossils, but nobody knew what animal they belonged to. Buckland introduced the animal to others as a new organism (生物). It was the beginning of our interest in the large animal. *③* However, the animal didn’t get the name “dinosaur (恐龙)” until the 1840s.
Following Buckland’s steps, more scientists began to find and study more large animal fossils. Richard Owen was one of them. He studied the fossils of Megalosaurus found in southern England and two other large animals called Iguanodon and Hylaeosaurus. He found that they had something in common. They weren’t just big lizards. They were something different, and that’s what led him to come up with the name “dinosaur” in 1842.
*④* Scientists have found more fossils of different dinosaurs, and technology (科技), has helped us learn more about them.
72．What was the first name of the dinosaur
A．Lizard. B．Megalosaurus. C．Iguanodon. D．Hylaeosaurus.
73．What does Paragraph 3 clearly explain
A．Why the naming of the dinosaur was important. B．How scientists compared different dinosaurs.
C．How scientists gave names to dinosaurs. D．Why scientists studied dinosaurs.
74．Where can we put the sentence “As time went by, dinosaur science has grown fast.”
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
75．What is the passage mainly about
A．The world of dinosaurs. B．Fossils found in the UK.
C．Discovery of dinosaurs. D．Dinosaurs in scientists’ eyes.
A music-teacher Deng Xiaolan has made a big difference in education in China. She teaches not only in cities, but also in poor areas.
In 2004, 60-year-old Deng Xiaolan volunteered to teach music in a village named Malan in Hebei Province. There was almost no music class in this village, but she saw it was a chance to help the children. At first, she had to face many challenges, including the hard living conditions and the 350-kilometer travel twice a month. However, she made up her mind to give the children a good music education. She worked hard to make lesson plans and teaching materials that were right for the students. She also organized after-school music clubs and performances to give them a chance to show their talents.
Deng Xiaolan’s work paid off. The students in the village became interested in music and their skills got improved quickly. They even won prizes in local music competitions. In 2022, the Malan Flower Chorus (合唱团), made up of 44 children, sang the Olympic Anthem (会歌) in Greek at the opening ceremony (典礼) of the Beijing Winter Olympics. Their beautiful voice left a deep memory in many people’s hearts.
Her work continued until she died at the age of 79. She was awarded (授予) the title of 2022 Touching China because of her love for music education and love for the children. Her strong influence on the children has encouraged many people to dedicate (奉献) themselves to education.
76．What was one of the challenges Deng had to face
A．Children in the village did not like music.
B．She had to travel 350 km to the village.
C．She couldn’t understand the local language.
D．There were no musical instruments in the village.
77．What did Deng do to give children a good music education
A．She created singing plans.
B．She changed the living conditions.
C．She organized after-school performances.
D．She invited musicians to give performances.
78．At the opening ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics, the Malan Flower Chorus sang a song in ________.
A．English B．French C．Greek D．German
79．Which is the proper order according to the passage
①Deng decided to teach music in the village.
②The students won prizes in local music competitions.
③There were few music classes in the village before Deng arrived.
④Deng was awarded the title of 2022 Touching China.
A．③②①④ B．③①②④ C．④①③② D．②①④③
80．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．A Great Music Teacher B．A Music Competition
C．A Beautiful Song D．A Village in a Poor Area
Yuan Longping, one of the world’s greatest scientists, died at the age of 91 in Hunan in 2021. He was called “the Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻)” and helped feed people around the world.
Yuan Longping was the first person to develop a kind of hybrid rice which helped fight hunger in China. Food was a big problem in China in the past. This was because China had 22 percent of the world’s population, but only 7 percent of its farmland. In the 1960s, Chinese people had a difficult time because millions of people suffered from hunger. As an agronomy (农学) teacher, Yuan was very sad to see this. “How can I help them have enough food ” he thought. He decided to work on a kind of hybrid rice. It has a high output.
At that time, other scientists didn’t think hybrid rice was worth studying. But Yuan and his team worked on it every day. They took very good care of their rice seeds (种子).
At last, in 1973, they grew a new kind of hybrid rice. This rice is strong. Farmers can grow it in many different kinds of farmland and in bad weather. It can also fight disease. Its output is much greater than common kinds of rice. With the new kind, about 70,000,000 people could have food every year!
Yuan solved the food problem in China. But he was still working on rice when he was very old. Before he retired, he hoped to grow rice in the sea!
Yuan once said he had two dreams—to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops (庄稼) taller than men” and to grow hybrid rice all over the world to help solve the global (全球的) food problem.
81．Which of the following is NOT a reason for Yuan to work on hybrid rice at first
A．Chinese people had a difficult time in the 1960s.
B．Yuan wanted to enjoy the cool under the rice crops.
C．China had a large population but not enough farmland.
D．Millions of Chinese people suffered from hunger at that time.
82．What does the underlined word “output” probably mean in Chinese
A．营养 B．产量 C．效率 D．品质
83．What are the advantages of the hybrid rice
① It can grow in many different kinds of farmland.
② It can grow in bad weather.
③ It can grow in the sea.
④ It can fight disease.
A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④
Peng Shilu was born in a family of heroes in Haifeng, Guangdong in 1925. When he was less than five years old, his parents died. The young boy was taken care of and protected by the poor, and he moved between different families and lived a difficult life. The people’s kindness influenced him deeply at his early age.
In 1940, Peng Shilu was taken to Chongqing. Later, with the help of the CPC (中国共产党), he went to study in Yan’an. In 1951, he went abroad to learn chemical engineering. When he completed his studies, he got a good grade.
In 1956, Peng Shilu was asked, “Are you willing to change your research field ”
“Of course, as long as the motherland has a need!” With the strong belief (信念), Peng Shilu began to study nuclear power (核能) at once. In the early 1960s, China’s development of nuclear submarines (核潜艇) was almost a “blank”. Peng Shilu and other scientists were learning, exploring and practicing. In 1970, China’s first nuclear submarine was built. In 1974, China became the fifth country in the world to have a nuclear submarine.
Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power. “I have only done two things in my life. One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations,” said Peng Shilu.
He died on March 22, 2021, at the age of 96. As a pioneer (先锋) in nuclear power, he is remembered by the people and the country. On March 3, 2022, he was named “Touching China’s Figure of the Year 2021”.
84．What influenced Peng Shilu deeply at his early age
A．The scientists’ spirit. B．The heroes’ stories.
C．The teachers’ words. D．The people’s kindness.
85．Why did Peng Shilu change his research field
A．The new field was easier. B．He wanted to be famous.
C．The motherland had a need. D．He got a good grade.
86．When was China’s first nuclear submarine built
A．In 1970. B．In 1956. C．In 1940. D．In 1925.
87．Which of the following best describes Peng Shilu
A．Honest and polite. B．Helpful and brave.
C．Humorous and strict. D．Hardworking and selfless.
88．What can be the best title for the text
A．The importance of nuclear power B．China’s nuclear power industry
C．A leading nuclear pioneer in our mind D．Touching China’s Figure of the Year
The famous scientist and thinker, Charles Darwin, was born on February 12, 1809. His family lived not far from the River Severn, England.
Darwin’s father was a well-known doctor and the son of a still greater doctor and scientist. Darwin’s father hoped that his son would also become a doctor.
As a boy, Darwin liked to go for walks in the fields and forests. He watched nature, and compared what he saw with everything he had read in science books. He also liked collecting very much. He collected many things, birds, eggs, stones and leaves. His father did not like that, and Darwin was not studying very well at school.
At the age of sixteen, Darwin was sent to Edinburgh University to study in order that he could become a doctor. But he was interested in the history of nature.
Then he was sent to study in Cambridge University. There he studied until 1831.
Some time later he heard that the ship Beagle was going on a trip to South America and needed a scientist. His professor advised him to go. He said the trip would be just for Darwin. So when the ship left England in December 1831, Darwin was on it. His research lasted almost five years. The Beagle studied the waters in the sea near South America. It also visited New Zealand, Australia and islands in the Pacific. Darwin saw many new plants and animals. He collected all kinds of plants.
In 1842 Darwin went to live in Kent, where he continued his studies of changes in nature. Darwin understood that plants and animals are not always the same, and that they really change.
By 1859 Darwin had finished his famous book “The Origin of Species” (《物种起源》). It made a great hit in the world of science. He was opposed by the church and even by some scientists. But later, more and more scientists agreed with him.
89．Charles Darwin had many hobbies except that________.
A．he liked to go for walks in the forests B．he liked watching nature
C．he preferred collecting coins and stamps D．he was fond of the history of nature
90．When did Darwin leave England for a trip to South America
A．In 1831. B．In 1832. C．In 1842. D．In 1859.
91．The underlined word “opposed” means “________”.
A．接受 B．开除 C．反对 D．尊重
92．What can we learn from Charles Darwin
A．Don’t care what parents say to us.
B．The trip can bring us wealth.
C．We should ask teachers for help when meeting problems.
D．Keep doing what we like and work hard, and we’ll succeed.
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A
【导语】本文主要介绍位于北爱尔兰的一处自然奇观巨人之路背后的传说。
1．细节理解题。根据“It is made up of about 40,000 basalt columns that were formed by volcanic activity millions of years ago.”可知，它由约40000根玄武岩柱组成，这些柱体是数百万年前火山活动形成的。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“The columns are mostly hexagonal in shape”可知，这些柱子大多呈六边形，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“The Scottish giant followed him, but Finn’s wife disguised him as a baby. When the Scottish giant saw the “baby,” he thought the father must be enormous, so he ran back to Scotland, destroying the causeway behind him.”可知，苏格兰巨人跟在后面紧追不舍，但芬恩的妻子把他装扮成了一个婴儿。当苏格兰巨人看到这个“婴儿”时，他以为“父亲”肯定是个庞然大物，于是便转身返回苏格兰，身后留下了一条被他破坏的堤道。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“It attracts visitors from all over the world who come to see its unique geological formations and hear the legends associated with it.”可知，它吸引着来自世界各地的游客，他们前来观赏其独特的地质景观，并聆听与之相关的传说故事。故选A。
5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国和美国的公共假日，包括假日的庆祝方式及其历史意义。
5．细节理解题。根据“People usually have a three-day holiday. They may travel, visit friends and relatives, or watch the military parade on TV.”可知，中国国庆节的庆祝方式包括旅行、探访亲友或观看阅兵。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据“Public holidays are not only for celebration but also for people to remember important events in history.”可知，公共假日的目的是庆祝和纪念历史重要事件。故选A。
7．细节理解题。文中列举的中国公共假日包括“New Year’s Day, Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Labor Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, and National Day”，未提及“Thanksgiving Day”。故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“National Day…celebrates the founding of the People’s Republic of China”和“Independence Day…celebrates the independence of the United States from Britain”可知，两国都有庆祝国家成立的假日。故选B。
9．B 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．A
【导语】本文讲述了西方国家很多人认为黑猫会带来厄运，不喜欢养黑猫做宠物。研究表明人们根据猫的颜色来判断猫的性格。人们不喜欢黑猫有一些原因，但是没有什么能证明黑猫比其他猫更不吉利。
9．细节理解题。根据“For instance, people from countries like England and Romania believe that seeing this creature cross your path means bad luck.”可知，来自英国和罗马尼亚等国的人认为，看到这种生物穿过你的路意味着厄运。所以在西方国家认为黑猫是厄运的标志。故选B。
10．主旨大意题。根据“人们确实会根据颜色来判断猫的性格。”以及各种颜色的猫对应的个性。本段主要是不同颜色猫有不同的性格。故选B
11．细节理解题。根据“People think orange and bi-coloured (双色的) cats are friendly, tri-coloured (三色的) cats are not generous, and white cats are calm, lazy and shy.”可知，人们认为橙色和双色的猫很友好，三色的猫不慷慨，白色的猫冷静、懒惰、害羞。故选D。
12．词句猜测题。根据“They think black cats may bring bad luck, especially at Halloween.”可知，他们认为黑猫可能会带来厄运，尤其是在万圣节。人们不把黑猫作为宠物，因为它的名声。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“It’s the personality of the cat, not the colour, that will let you know if the cat is right for you”可知，猫是否适合你的是猫的个性，而不是颜色。所以是选择合适的猫是它的个性不是它的颜色。故选A。
14．D 15．C 16．E 17．A 18．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了不同的睡姿展示的不同隐秘性格。
14．根据“The important position that best shows your secret personality is the one in which you go to sleep.”可知，最能展现你秘密个性的重要姿势是你睡觉的姿势。选项D“当然，在正常的夜晚，你经常改变你的睡眠姿势。”符合语境。故选D。
15．根据“If you sleep on your stomach, you are a person who likes to keep secrets”、第四段、第五段都有“If you sleep...”可知，选项C“如果你仰卧睡觉，你是一个非常开放的人。”符合语境。故选C。
16．根据“If you sleep on your stomach, you are a person who likes to keep secrets.”可知，如果你趴着睡，你就是一个喜欢保守秘密的人。所以你担心很多并且总是变得悲伤。选项E“你很担心，你总是很容易变得悲伤。”符合语境。故选E。
17．根据“You’ re shy and you don’t usually like meeting people.”可知，你很害羞，通常不喜欢和人见面。你喜欢独处。选项A“你喜欢独处”。故选A。
18．根据“If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well- balanced (平衡的) personality.”可知，如果你侧卧睡觉，你通常会有一个平衡的性格。你知道自己的长处和短处。选项B“你知道自己的长处和短处”符合语境。故选B。
19．A 20．B 21．A 22．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了云南丽江华坪女子高级中学的校长张桂梅的先进事迹。
19．词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“it’s free to everyone in it”可推知， 这所高中不需要学费，对每个人都是免费的。故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Zhang noticed that many girls from poor families had little chance of getting an education. Then the idea of starting a free school for girls came into her mind.”可推知，张桂梅想帮助贫困家庭的女孩接受教育，所以开办了一所免费的女子高中。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“To raise money, between 2002 and 2007, Zhang spent the summer and winter vacations on the streets asking people to give away money to her school. However, she only collected about 10,000 yuan.”可知，选项C是一个原因；根据第四段中的“Later, a reporter reported her story. At last, she got two million yuan”可知，选项D是一个原因；根据第五段中的“There were many difficulties at first, but Zhang didn’t give up.”可知，选项B是一个原因；选项A“她在云南丽江很出名”不是张桂梅成功开办女子高中的原因。故选A。
22．主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了山区女校长张桂梅的故事。故选D。
23．A 24．C 25．C 26．B 27．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述金庸的生平。
23．推理判断题。根据“Louis Cha Leung yung, 94”以及“died on October 30, 2018 in Hong Kong”可知，2018年金庸94岁，所以可以推出他出生于1924年。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“Cha is well -known for his martial arts or wuxia novels”可知，金庸以武侠小说而闻名世界。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据“His stories have been in television shows, films, comic books, and video games.”可知，金庸小说被改编成多种艺术形式。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据“Cha graduated from the Law School of Soochow University in 1948.”，“In 1955, Cha published his first wuxia novel The Book and the Sword under his pen name Jin Yong.”，“Cha also founded Hong Kong’s major Chinese- language newspaper Ming Pao in 1959”，“finished his last novel The Deer and the Cauldron in 1972.”以及“Cha also served on the Basic Law Drafting Committee from 1985 to 1989”可知，正确的顺序为②①⑤③④。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据“The first part of his most popular series, Legends of the Condor Heroes, was published in English earlier in 2018.”可知，2018年，《射雕英雄传》第一部英文版问世。故选A。
28．F 29．F 30．F 31．T 32．T
【导语】本文介绍了特蕾莎修女的生平事迹和贡献。
28．细节理解题。根据“She attended the government school near her home until she was eighteen.”可知，特蕾莎修女在十八岁之前一直在上学，而不是十八岁时才上学。故填F。
29．细节理解题。根据“When she left school, she first went to Britain. Then a year later she went to India, where she began to train to be a teacher.”可知，特蕾莎修女是在印度接受教师培训，而不是在英国成为教师。故填F。
30．细节理解题。根据“she taught geography at a school and soon after became the headmistress”可知，特蕾莎修女在加尔各答教授地理，而不是历史。故填F。
31．细节理解题。根据“However, although she loved teaching, in 1946, Mother Teresa left the school and went to work in the poor parts of Calcutta.”可知，特蕾莎修女放弃教学是为了照顾贫困人群。故填T。
32．细节理解题。根据“Mother Teresa is a well-known person. Many photos have been taken of her, as she travelled the world to open new schools and hospitals in poor countries.”可知，特蕾莎修女是一个有名的人，因为她照顾了世界上许多穷人。故填T。
33．B 34．C 35．A 36．D 37．D
【导语】本文主要歌颂了疫情期间对国家和人民所做出贡献的那些医护人员。
33．细节理解题。根据“On Sept. 8th, 2020, President Xi Jinping presented medals to the recipient（接受者）of the Medal of the Republic（共和国勋章）Zhong Nanshan”可知，钟南山获得了共和国勋章，故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据“And he led the medical team to treat thousands of patients”可知，他领导的团队救治了成千上万的病人，C表述正确，故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据“…at a meeting commending（表彰）role models in the country’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic（流行病）at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing”可知，因为他们都是抗击新冠肺炎疫情的楷模，故选A。
36．词义猜测题。根据“And he led the medical team to treat thousands of patients”可知，他领导的团队救治了成千上万的病人，所以treat表示“治疗”，故选D。
37．最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文主要歌颂了疫情期间对国家和人民所做出贡献的那些医护人员，所以D选项“给疫情英雄点赞”符合本文标题，故选D。
38．A 39．D 40．D 41．B 42．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了牛顿的成长过程以及他是如何发现地心引力的。
38．细节理解题。根据“At 17, soon after he finished schooling, young Newton would spend his time making small tools.”可知小牛顿发明了许多有用的工具。故选A。
39．推理判断题。根据“To test a question about colors, he would stare at the sun with one eye until all the colors changed. As a result, he had to stay in the dark for several days before his eye returned to normal.”可知，为了测试一个关于颜色的问题，他会用一只眼睛盯着太阳，直到所有的颜色都改变了。结果，他不得不在黑暗中呆了好几天，眼睛才恢复正常，可推知牛顿非常有耐心，且非常勤奋刻苦。故选D。
40．主旨大意题。通读第三段可知，主要讲了牛顿是如何发现地心引力的。故选D。
41．细节理解题。根据“Having lost his father before he was born, he grew up with his grandparents.”、“Newton was an English physicist, mathematician and astronomer.”和“Newton set out for Cambridge in June, 1661.”可知，牛顿跟祖父母一起长大，牛顿是英国物理学家、数学家和天文学家，牛顿于1661年6月出发去剑桥，因此全文没有提到牛顿出生的时间。故选B。
42．推理判断题。通读全文可知，牛顿在做研究时非常有耐心，非常勤奋，因此可推知牛顿是一个意志力很强的科学家。故选D。
43．C 44．D 45．B 46．A 47．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了艾米是一位在海洋公园工作的生物学家。这些公园每年为数万人提供娱乐和教育。艾米在公园里照顾许多动物，但她也做重要的研究。照顾这些动物很辛苦。他们的需求经常因一天中不同的时间而变化。所以艾米必须依靠她的科学知识和良好的数字意识来帮助她整天做出正确的决定。
43．理解计算题。根据最后一段“A big dolphin usually eats about 4% of its body weitht in food every day. Amy knows that a mother dolphin that is nursing needs twice the food. 一只大海豚通常每天吃它身体重量的4%左右的食物。艾米知道正在哺乳的海豚妈妈需要两倍的食物”可以计算出重300千克的海豚妈妈每天需要吃的食物重量为300 x4%x2=24kg，故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据第三段“So Amy must depend on her science knowledge and good number sense to help her make the right decisions all day long. 所以艾米必须依靠她的科学知识和良好的数字意识来帮助她整天做出正确的决定”可知Amy需要通过科学知识和良好的数字意识来做出决定，故选D。
45．词义猜测题。根据第二段”As she observes the animals that she looks after, she learns more about their needs and behavior .当她观察她照顾的动物时，她会更多地了解它们的需要和行为”可知Amy通过仔细观察来了更多解动物的需要和行为，所以划线单词的意思应该是是仔细观察，故选B。
46．推理判断题。根据第二段“This information helps the animals in the park, but it can also be used to protect other members of the species in the wild. 这些信息能够帮助公园中的动物，但也可用来保护野生动物种的其他成员”可知艾米学到的信息非常有用，因为它有助于保护公园里的动物和野生动物，故选A。
47．主旨大意题。根据艾米是一位在海洋公园工作的生物学家。这些公园每年为数万人提供娱乐和教育。艾米在公园里照顾许多动物，但她也做重要的研究。照顾这些动物很辛苦。他们的需求经常因一天中不同的时间而变化。所以艾米必须依靠她的科学知识和良好的数字意识来帮助她整天做出正确的决定。可知，这一段主要是关于艾米在一个海洋公园的工作，故选B。
48．C 49．D 50．B 51．D 52．A
【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了美国著名的作家Pearl S. Buck，她在中国生活了很多年，对中国了解很深，写了很多有关中国的小说。
48．.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But most people remember Pearl Buck for her novels about China.” 但大多数人都记得赛珍珠的中国小说。”可知，她写的关于中国的小说。故答案为C。
49．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Many years later, after she had become a famous author, she said that Dickens' writing style had the greatest influence on her own style.” 很多年后，当她成为一名著名作家后，她说狄更斯的写作风格对她自己的风格影响最大。可知，Pearl Buck自己说狄更斯的写作风格对他的写作风格影响最大。故答案为D。
50．.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“She talked to young people about the importance of a good education.” 她向年轻人谈到了良好教育的重要性。可知Pearl Buck到处演讲，告诫年轻人良好教育的重要性。故答案为B。
51．细节理解题。根据“Buck's next book—The Good Earth that made her famous and brought her the money she needed.” 但正是赛珍珠的下一本书《大地》使她出名，并为她带来了她所需要的钱。可知，故答案为D。
52．最佳标题。结合全文可知，主要讲述美国著名的作家Pearl S. Buck的相关情况，结合题意，这篇文章最好的标题是Introduction of Pearl S. Buck，故答案为A。
53．D 54．B 55．B 56．A 57．C
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了霍金的生平经历。
53．主旨大意。通读整篇短文可知，这篇短文主要讲述了霍金的生平，帮助人们记住他。故选D。
54．细节理解。题干“霍金关于宇宙从大爆炸开始并将以黑洞结束的理论有多重要？” 根据文中He came up with the theory that the universe began with the Big Bang and will end in black holes. His theory became the important base for a lot of later research.可知，后来许多研究都是基于这一重要理论。故选B。
55．推理判断。根据题意可知是说不正确的。根据文中Hawking is considered by many to be the greatest scientist in history since Albert Einstein.;Besides his scientific achievements, Hawking was also someone who had a strong will and positive attitude.可知，尽管霍金病得很重，但他仍然过着美好而有意义的生活。选项B是正确的。故选B。
56．题干“霍金所说的“如果一个人身体残疾，他也不能承受心理上的残疾”是什么意思？” 根据文中Besides his scientific achievements, Hawking was also someone who had a strong will and positive attitude.可知，除了科学成就外，霍金也是一个意志坚强、态度积极的人。故选A。
57．细节理解。题干“下面的故事是按什么顺序发生的？” 根据文中When Hawking was 21, he was told that he had a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking.;Later in life, he had to sit in a wheelchair and “speak” using a computerized voice.;He celebrated his 60th birthday by going up in a hot-air balloon;When he was 65, he took part in a zero-gravity flight to experience weightlessness;When he was 65, he took part in a zero-gravity flight to experience weightlessness可知，他21岁时不能走路和说话。；他不得不坐在轮椅上，开始用电脑帮助他说话。；他乘热气球上去了。；他参加了一次失重飞行。；他说他对50年后的生活很满意。
故选C。
58．C 59．B 60．D 61．B 62．C
【分析】本文介绍了著名科学家史蒂芬·霍金主要事迹以及他对人类做了哪些贡献。2018年3月14日，世界著名的英国科学家斯蒂芬·霍金在英国剑桥去世，享年76岁。霍金被许多人认为是自爱因斯坦以来历史上最伟大的科学家。他提出了宇宙从大爆炸开始，最终以黑洞结束的理论。他最著名的著作是《时间简史》。除了科学成就之外，霍金也是一个意志坚强、态度乐观的人。当霍金21岁时，他被诊断出患有一种严重的疾病，使他无法行走和说话。后来，他不得不坐在轮椅上，用电脑说话。但这并没有阻止他过上有意义和丰富多彩的生活。他周游世界参加科学会议，访问了包括南极在内的所有大陆。1985年，他乘火车周游中国。他也是流行文化的粉丝，曾出现在《星际迷航》和《生活大爆炸》等电视节目中。他乘热气球庆祝60岁生日。他希望有一天能进入太空。
58．题意：史蒂芬·霍金是干什么的？考查细节理解。A. A movie star. 电影明星；B. A teacher. 教师；C. A scientist. 科学家；D. A musician音乐家。根据第一段On March 14, 2018，Stephen Hawking, the world-famous British scientist, died at 76 in Cambridge, UK.（2018年3月14日，世界著名的英国科学家斯蒂芬·霍金在英国剑桥去世，享年76岁。）可知史蒂芬·霍金是一名科学家；选C。
59．题意：霍金最著名的著作叫什么名字？考查细节理解。A. Star Trek. 《星际迷航》；B. A Brief History of Time.《时间简史》；C. The Big Bang Theory.《大爆炸理论》D. Big Bang.《大爆炸》。根据第2段最后一句His most famous book is A brief History of Time (时间简史)可知选B。
60．题意：第3段中带下划线的单词“will”可能是什么意思？考查细节理解。A. 将来；B. 遗嘱；C. 心愿；D. 意志。根据下文（第4段）“当霍金21岁时，他被诊断出患有一种严重的疾病，使他无法行走和说话….但这并没有阻止他过上有意义和丰富多彩的生活。他周游世界参加科学会议，访问了包括南极在内的所有大陆。1985年，他乘火车周游中国。…他希望有一天能进入太空。”第3段Besides his scientific achievements, Hawking was also someone that had a strong will and optimistic attitude (乐观心态).句意是：除了科学成就之外，霍金也是一个意志坚强、态度乐观的人。结合句意可知will意思是“意志”；选D。
61．题意：霍金是如何庆祝他的60岁生日的？考查细节理解。A. He traveled to Antarctic. 他去了南极；B. He took a trip by hot-air balloon. 他乘热气球旅行；C. He traveled into space. 他到太空旅游；D. He took part in a science meeting in the UK. 他参加了在英国举行的科学会议。根据第4段倒数第2句He celebrated his 60th birthday by going up in a hot-air balloon.（他乘热气球庆祝60岁生日。）可知选B。
62．题意：关于霍金，哪个句子不正确？考查细节理解判断。A. Hawking was an Englishman. 霍金是一个英国人；B. Hawking couldn’t talk and walk after the terrible illness. 霍金在得了很重病之后，他不能说话和走路；C. Hawking took a trip to China before he fell ill. 霍金生病前曾到中国旅行；D. Hawking could communicate with others through a computer. 霍金可以通过电脑与他人交流。根据第一段“2018年3月14日，世界著名的英国科学家斯蒂芬·霍金在英国剑桥去世，享年76岁。”可知霍金生于1942年；根据第4段第1句When Hawking was 21, he was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking.可知21岁患病时，是1963年；根据4段第5句In 1985, he took a train trip around China.（1985年，他乘火车周游中国。）可知他到中国旅游是在患病之后；故C错误；选C。
【点睛】阅读理解是最能体现学生的英语能力的题型，分值较高。如何通过掌握解题方法来提升自己解答阅读理解题的速度和准确率是学生最关心的问题。初中阅读理解一般考查学生的细节理解能力、主旨理解能力和推理判断能力。做阅读理解题，首先要准确理解题意，然后根据题意和短文内容选出正确的答案。（1）考查细节理解能力，此类型题较简单，学生准确理解题意后，直接到文中找出答案。（2）考查猜词能力。做这种题型时，学生要根据上下文意思准确猜出词义。3）考查推理判断能力，此类题型较难，学生要准确理解题意后，在文中找出相关的内容做出合理的推断。本文主要考查学生的细节理解能力。准确理解题意后，到文中找出相关的叙述，做出正确的判断。
63．C 64．D 65．D 66．B
【分析】本文主要介绍了发明万维网的伟大发明家Tim Berners Lee．他在21岁时制作了第一台电脑，1989年发明了万维网，他还免费把这个技术分享给其他人，免费供大家使用．也许他不是当今世界上最出名的发明家，但却是最重要的发明家！
63．细节理解题．根据第二段第二句When he was a small boy，Tim was interested in playing with electrical things当他还是个小男孩的时候，Tim对玩电器很感兴趣．及第三段第一行Tim was really interested in two things，computers and how the brain works．Tim真的对两件事感兴趣：电脑和大