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新人教版必修第一册 Unit 2知识清单
重 点 单 词 1.rent vt. 租用;出租 vi. 租用;租金为 n. 租金 2.request n. (正式或礼貌的)要求;请求 vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求;请求 3.pack vi.&vt. 收拾(行李) vt. 包装 n. (商品的)纸包;纸袋;大包 4.view n. 视野;景色;看法 5.contact vt. 联络;联系 n. 联系;接触 6.sight n. 景象;视野;视力 7.unique adj. 唯一的;独特的;特有的 8.type n. 类型;种类 vi.&vt. 打字 9.comment n. 议论;评论 vi.&vt. 发表意见;评论 10.hike vi. 徒步旅行 vt. 去……远足 n. 远足;徒步旅行 11.flat adj. 平坦的;扁平的 n. 公寓;单元房 12.package n. 包裹;包装盒 vt. 将……包装好 13.source n. 来源;出处 14.destination n. 目的地;终点 15.site n. 地点;位置;现场 16.soldier n.士兵;军人 17.path n. 小路;路线;道路 18.credit n. 借款;信用;称赞;学分 19.statue n. 雕塑;雕像 20.tomb n. 坟墓 21.unearth vt. 挖掘;发掘 22.empire n. 帝国 23.emperor n. 皇帝 24.brochure n. 资料(或广告)手册 25.castle n. 城堡;堡垒 26.visa n. 签证 27.civilisation n. 文明;文明世界
词 汇 拓 展 1.apply vi.&vt. 申请;请求 vt. 应用;涂(油漆、乳剂)→application n. 申请;应用→applicant n. 申请者 2.amazing adj. 令人惊奇的;令人惊喜的→amaze vt.使惊异→amazingly adv.令人惊异地→amazed adj. 惊奇的;惊喜的→amazement n. 吃惊;惊讶 3.recognise vt. 辨别出;承认;认可→recognition n. 承认;认出;公认→recognisable adj. 可辨认的;可认出的 4.arrangement n. 安排;筹备→arrange vt.&vi.安排;筹备;整理 5.admire vt.钦佩;赞赏→admirable adj. 值得钦佩的;可钦佩的→admiration n. 钦佩;赞美;羡慕 6.extremely adv. 极其;非常→extreme adj. 极度的 7.official adj.官方的;正式的;公务的 n. 官员;要员→officially adv. 官方地;正式地;公务地 8.powerful adj. 强有力的;有权势的;有影响力的→powerfully adv. 强有力地;有权势地;有影响力地→power n. 力量;权力 9.detail n. 细节;详情;细微之处→detailed adj.详细的 10.narrow adj.狭窄的 vi.&vt. (使)变窄→narrowly adv. 狭窄地;勉强地 11.accommodation n. 住处;停留处;膳宿→accommodate vt.&vi. 提供住宿;使适应;容纳 12.architecture n. 建筑设计;建筑学→architect n. 建筑设计师 13.flight n. 空中航行;航班;航程→fly vt.飞越;空运 vi. 飞 14.economy n. 经济;节约→economic adj. 经济(上)的;经济学的 15.transport n. 交通运输系统 vt. 运输;运送→transportation n. 运输
重 点 短 语 1．apply for申请 2．take control of控制；接管 3．other than除……以外 4．make up构成；形成 5．credit card信用卡 6．check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记 7．check out结账离开(旅馆等)
重 点 句 型 1．It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru. 正是由于这个原因西班牙语是秘鲁的一门主要的官方语言。 2．Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. 特别令人惊叹的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。 3．Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。 4．Each statue has a different face，leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. 每尊雕像都有一张不同的脸，这使得研究人员相信每尊雕像都是一个真实士兵的复制品。 5．However，no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974，when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were digging a well! 然而，直到1974年，一些农民在挖井时发现了这座陵墓，现代人才知道了这座陵墓和兵马俑！
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Peru is a country 1 the central western coast of South America facing the Pacific Ocean. Three parts make up the country: narrow, dry, flat land 2 (run) along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest.
Spanish is the main language of Peru. It is because Peru 3 (rule) by Spain from the 16th century to 1821. But before that, Peru was the centre of the ancient Inca Empire, and its emperor lived in what is now known as the site Machu Picchu.
Peru is an 4 (amaze) destination with something for tourists. Here 5 (be) two magical tours: Amazon Rainforest Tour and Machu Picchu Tour.
In Amazon Rainforest Tour, you can first take 6 short flight into the Amazon rainforest and then will travel for a day to your 7 (accommodate) by boat. In the following three days, you can explore the unique rainforest with a local guide. In the other tour, you can take a four-day hike through the Andes to the city of Machu Picchu. After 8 (explore) the ancient city, you will find it very amazing, 9 (especial) the Incas’ dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones 10 exactly that nothing was needed to hold walls together.
知识点
1. apply vi.& vt.申请;请求 vt.应用;涂(油漆、乳剂)
【教材原句】 apply for a visa (P24) 申请签证
【语境巧练】
[写出下列句中apply的含义]
(1)You may apply in person or by letter;either will be OK. ________
(2)(2)If the cut is deep,first tie a bandage around it and then ask a doctor to apply some medicine to it. ________
(3)The new discovery may be applied in medicine. _________
【词块必记】
(1)apply...to...把……运用到……中;把……涂到……上
apply oneself to sth/doing sth致力于;集中精力于
apply to...适应/适用……
apply (to...) for...(向……)申请……
(2)applicant n.申请人
application n.申请;申请书;适用
application form申请表
【即时练】
一、单句语法填空
(1) The applicant spent three hours filling in the ________ (apply) form for the position of tour guide.
(2) She applied herself to ________ (learn) Spanish before her trip to Peru, and now she can communicate simply.
You can apply ________ the hotel for a late checkout if you need to rest longer.
二、语境综合题
补全申请签证的邮件片段：
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to apply ________ (4) a tourist visa to Peru. I plan to visit Machu Picchu and the Amazon Rainforest next month. I have attached all necessary documents, including my travel plan and bank statement. I will apply myself ________ (5) following all the rules during my stay. Could you please inform me of the application progress
Thank you for your time.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
【高考真题精选】
2024 年新高考 II 卷（语法填空）
Students who wish to study abroad must apply ________ a student visa and prepare relevant materials in advance.
2. amazing adj.令人惊奇的;令人惊喜的
【教材原句】 Why famous:amazing waterfalls,colourful lakes,beautiful mountains (P25) 为什么著名:令人惊奇的瀑布,色彩斑斓的湖泊,美丽的山脉
【词块必记】
（1）amazing 用来修饰事物 常用句式it is amazing that ...
（2）amazed adj. 惊讶的，惊奇的
be amazed to do sth 惊奇地做某事
be amazed at / by ...对……感到惊奇
be amazed that ...对……感到惊奇
（3） amazement n. 惊异；惊愕
to one ' s amazement 令某人惊奇的是…
in amazement 惊奇地
【即时练】
单句语法填空
(1) The tourists were ________ (amaze) by the Incas’ dry stone method of building—no cement was used!
(2) To our ________ (amaze), the ancient tomb was well-preserved after thousands of years.
(3) It is ________ (amaze) that the terracotta army has over 8,000 unique statues.
(4)当你观察这幅画时,你会对大自然母亲的美丽感到惊讶,并意识到拥有平和的心态的重要性。
When you observe the painting,you will be _______ at the beauty of Mother Nature and realise the importance of having a peaceful mind.
【佳句背诵】
The scenery along the river is amazing,with many well-known sight seeing spots.
沿江的风光令人惊叹,有着许多著名的观光景点。
【高考真题精选】
2023 年浙江卷（完形填空）
The ________ (amaze) scenery of the Amazon Rainforest attracted thousands of photographers every year.
3. recognise vt.辨别出;承认;认可
【教材原句】Recognise text type (P26) 识别文本类型
【词块必记】
(1)recognise that...承认……
recognise sb/sth as/to be 承认……是……
be recognised to be/as 被认作/被认为是……
It is recognised that...人们公认……
recognise sb/one’s voice认出某人/听出某人的声音
(2)recognition n.认出,认识
beyond recognition无法辨认
【即时练】
单句语法填空
(1)We recognise him ________ (be) a hard-working and honest person.
(2)Since 1958,they have been recognised ________ the national theatre of that country.
(3)Only after you have had that __________ (recognise) can you say that you are truly an inventor.
[句式升级]
(4)Air pollution is recognised to have become one of the most serious problems.
→____________________________ air pollution has become one of the most serious problems.(it作形式主语)
【佳句背诵】
As is known to all,paper-cutting is recognised as one of the traditional Chinese cultures.
众所周知,剪纸被认为是中国的传统文化之一。
【高考真题精选】
2024 年新高考 II 卷（语法填空）
The traditional craft is recognised ________ a cultural heritage, and local governments have taken measures to protect it.
4. admire vt.钦佩;赞赏
【教材原句】
Stay in a local hotel,visit the museums,admire the architecture,enjoy the excellent local food,and go shopping at the local markets.(P27) 住在当地的酒店,参观博物馆,欣赏建筑,享受当地美食,以及在当地市场购物。
【词块必记】
(1)admire sb /sth for sth 赞赏某人/某物的……;因……而赞赏某人/某物
(2)admiring adj. 赞赏的;羡慕的
admirable adj. 令人敬佩的
admiration n. 赞赏;赞美;羡慕
with admiration敬佩地
【名师点津】
(1)admire后不接双宾语或直接接that引导的宾语从句,但可接疑问词引导的从句。
(2)admire后不接带不定式的复合结构,即不用admire sb to do sth,可用admire sb/sb’s doing sth。
【即时练】
单句语法填空
(1)We admire the old scientist _____ his great contributions to the country.
(2)I’d like to express my ________ (admire) for the courage and uncomplaining spirit of the firefighters.
(3)Molly ____________ (admire) for her charming personality and remarkable ability.
(4) We all admire the scientist ________ his dedication to space exploration.
(5) Her ________ (admire) qualities—kindness and perseverance—make her popular among classmates.
(6) The audience watched the pianist’s performance ________ admiration.
(7)被她的表演深深打动,全场观众赞叹不已。（完成句子）
___________________________________,the whole audience gasped with admiration.
【高考真题精选】
2023 年浙江卷（完形填空）
People admire the artist ________ his ability to turn common materials into beautiful works of art.
A. for B. to C. with D. at
5.contact vt.联络;联系 n.联系;接触
【教材原句】For more brochures about other package tours around Peru,contact us at tourinfo@travelperu.org.(P27)想了解更多关于秘鲁旅游的小册子,请访问tourinfo @travelperu.org。
【词块必记】
make contact with＝get in/into contact with 与……取得联系
lose contact with 与……失去联系
keep in contact with 与……保持联系
be in/out of contact with 与……有/没有联系
【佳句背诵】
I do hope you can give us some valuable suggestions about the short film.Please contact us at your convenience.
我的确希望你们能就这部短片给我们一些宝贵的建议。请在你们方便时和我们联系。
【即时练】
完成句子
(1)如果你感兴趣,请务必发电子邮件与我联系。
Please make sure ______ _________ me by e-mail if you are interested.
(2)大学毕业后,他和大部分同学失去了联系。
After graduation from college,he _________ _________ __________ most of his classmates.
(3)互联网有助于我与朋友们保持联系。
The Internet helps me to _________ _________ _________ _________ my friends.
(4)我设法与一位老朋友取得了联系。
I have managed to _________ _________ _________ an old friend.
(5) After moving to a new city, she tried to ________ (contact) her childhood friend but failed—they had lost contact ________ each other for years.
(6) We’ve kept ________ contact with each other by email since we graduated from college.
【高考真题精选】
2025 年全国甲卷（语法填空）
If you have any questions about the project, please contact us ________ email or phone—we are always in contact ________ team members.
6. view n.视野;景色;看法，态度; 观看，视线
【经典例句】 The lake came into view as we turned the corner.我们转过弯就看见那个湖了。
【语境巧练】[写出下列句中view的含义]
(1)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends,where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.__________
(2)In this lecture,I can only give you a purely personal view of how we can live life to the full. __________
(3)When the old man opened the window,a stranger with a high hat came into view. __________ (4)I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released. __________
【词块必记】
in view of 鉴于;由于
in one’s view 在某人看来
out of view 看不见;在视野之外
have a good view of 对……一览无余
come into view 进入视野
view...as...把……看作/视为……
【即时练】
（5）When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came ______ view.
（6）______ my view, it is a waste of time.
（7）______ view of the shortage of time, each person may only speak for five minutes.
[完成句子](8)随着汽车靠近镇中心,几座高大的建筑物进入了视野。
As the car got into the town centre,several tall buildings _________ _________ _________.
【佳句背诵】Standing at the top of the mountain,we can have a good view of the whole city.
站在山顶,我们可以清楚地看到整座城市。
【高考真题精选】
2024 年北京卷（阅读理解 A 篇）
The hotel is located on a hill, offering guests a wonderful view of the sea. Many visitors choose it for this reason.
7. request n.(正式或礼貌的)要求;请求 vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求;请求
【教材原句】 Special requests(P29)特殊要求
【词块必记】
(1)at sb.'s request＝at the request of sb. 应某人的请求/要求
make a request for sth./that ... 请求……；要求……
(2)request sth.from/of sb. 向某人要求某物
request sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事
It is requested that sb.(should) do sth. 要求某人做某事
【即时练】
单句语法填空
(1)All the students are requested _________ (attend) the annual school celebration.
(2)What’s your opinion of Mr Li’s request that we ________ (spend) half an hour reading English aloud every morning
(3)It _________ (request) that all the visitors should not take pictures of the exhibitions.
(4)He is going to come to China for a visit at the request______ his friend next month.
(5) The manager requested that all employees ________ (attend) the training session next Monday.
(6) A request was made that the library ________ (extend) its opening hours during exams.
[完成句子]
(7)She ______ _______ _______ ______ some detailed information about western civilization.
她要求提供一些关于西方文明的详细信息。
(8)All teachers and students ______ _______ ______ _____ meet in the Lecture Hall at 2：30 pm.
要求所有教师和学生下午两点半在报告厅集合。
【高考真题精选】
2025 年全国甲卷（语法填空）
It is requested that all visitors ________ (not take) photos of the ancient artifacts to protect them from damage.
8. make up构成;形成；组成；编造；弥补；化妆；(与某人)和好
【教材原句】These Inca roads were made up of two north-south highways and many small roads crossing the mountains east to west.(P27) 这些印加公路由两条南北走向的公路和许多从东到西穿过山脉的小路组成。
【词块必记】
make up for 弥补；补偿
be made up of 由……组成/构成
make out辨认清楚,理解,明白(事理)
make it获得成功;渡过难关
make sense有意义;讲得通
make up one’s mind下定决心
make use of...利用……
make the most of...充分利用;尽情享受
(2)consist of由……构成/组成
be composed of由……构成/组成
【即时练】[用法感知] (写出下列各句中make up的含义)
①Twelve girls make up the performance team._________
②He made up a wonderful story to explain his absence._________
③Mary and Joan quarreled, but made up after a while._________
④Now many girls like to make up when they are still quite young._________
⑤Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow？_________
单句语法填空
⑥The mountain village I visited last week is made up _____ 30 families belonging to five nationalities.
⑦We’re working hard to try to make up ______ the lost time.
⑧Can you make ______ what this means
[一句多译]
在所有的诗歌中,我尤其喜欢莎士比亚写的诗歌,它们是由十四行构成的。
⑨Of all the poems,I like the ones written by Shakespeare in particular,which _____ ______ ______ _______ fourteen lines.
⑩Of all the poems,I like the ones written by Shakespeare in particular,which _______ _______ fourteen lines.
【高考真题精选】
2023 年新高考 I 卷（完形填空）
The team is made up of players from different countries, and their different styles ________ a strong and diverse team.
A. make up B. make for C. make out D. make up for
9.other than除……以外
【教材原句】Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.(P26)印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸,仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合即可稳固墙体。
【词块必记】
rather than 与其；不愿；而不是
more than 多于；不仅仅；非常
less than 少于
[联想发散]表示“除……之外”的词语还有：except, besides, except for, aside from等。
【即时练】
选词填空(other than/rather than/more than)
(1)She is _____ ______ a teacher to us; she is our friend.
(2)Facing up to your problems _____ _____ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
(3)The form cannot be signed by anyone _____ _____ yourself.
[完成句子]
(4)我在星期五深夜见到他,更确切地说是在星期六凌晨。
I met him very late on Friday night,_____ ______ early on Saturday morning.
(5)他不仅仅是我们的老师,也是我们最好的朋友。
He is _____ ______ our teacher.He is also our best friend.
(6) They decided to stay at home ________ (other than/rather than) go out, as the weather was bad.
(7) The library is open every day ________ (other than/more than) Sunday.
(8) Her achievement is ________ (more than/other than) a personal success—it’s a win for the whole team.
【高考真题精选】
2024 年全国乙卷（语法填空）
Inca builders used no cement other than the perfect fit of stones to hold the walls together.
10. 句型公式: .It is...that...强调句
【教材原句】 It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.(P26) 正因为这个原因,西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。
本句中It is ...that ...是一个强调句型，此处强调了原因状语for this reason。强调句型的常用形式：
(1)陈述句形式：It is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他成分。
(2)一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他成分？
(3)特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词＋is/was it that＋其他成分？
(4)not until的强调句式：It is/was not until ...that＋其他成分。
【名师点津】 “It's ...that ...”强调句型的注意事项：
(1)不用于强调谓语动词；
(2)强调主语且指人时that 可换成who；
(3)去掉It is/was和that/who后句子结构仍完整。
【即时练】
[应用融会] (完成句子/句型转换)
①______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible.
正是由于你慷慨的帮助，我坚信我会很快适应大学生活的。
②______ ______ ______ Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got angry
是因为杰克上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的吗？
③______ ______ ______ ______ made his parents so happy
是什么使他父母这么高兴？
④She didn't mention her own plan until near the end of the letter.
→____________________________________________________________________________.(强调句)
直到信的末尾她才提到自己的计划。
【高考真题精选】
2025 年全国甲卷（短文改错）
It was in the year 1974 when some farmers discovered the terracotta statues while digging a well.
11. 句型公式It be＋adj.＋that从句, it作形式主语
【教材原句】 It's amazing that there are more than 8,000 statues, and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s.
那里有8 000多座俑像，直到20世纪70年代才为人所知，想想这一切，真是非常神奇。
本句型中it是形式主语, that从句为真正的主语。it作形式主语的常用句式：
(1)It be＋形容词(obvious, possible, strange, natural, important, amazing ...)＋that从句。
(2)It be＋名词短语(a pity, a fact, an honour, no wonder ...)＋that从句。
【即时练】
[完成句子]
① ______ ______ ______ ______ everyone (should) learn to get along well with others in a new environment.
在新的环境中学会和他人相处好对每个人都很重要。
② ______ ______ ______ ______ you have made a mistake.
很明显你犯了一个错误。
③ ______ ______ ______ ______ my little son should have got used to a new environment.
真令人惊讶，我的小儿子已经习惯了新的生活环境。
④ ______ ______ ______ ______ you missed such a good chance.
真可惜你错过了这么好的机会。
【高考真题精选】
2024 年新高考 I 卷（语法填空）
It is amazing that the small town has preserved its traditional culture while developing modern industry.
12. 句型公式: 形容词作表语置句首倒装
【教材原句】Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building.
尤其令人称奇的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。
【归纳点拨】
本句是完全倒装句，表语especially amazing前置。
(1)作表语的分词短语或形容词提到系动词前面时，句子用完全倒装，即“分词/形容词＋系动词＋主语”结构。
(2)表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。
(3)代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装。
(4)out, in, down, up, away, here, now, then, there等表示方位、地点和时间的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。
【即时练】(完成句子)
①Buried in the sands ______ ______ _______ ______ .
一个古老的村庄被埋在沙土之中。
②Into the dark apartment ______ ______ ______ , who was quite surprised when everyone shouted Happy Birthday.
我朋友走进了黑暗的房间，当大家喊生日快乐时，他感到很惊讶。
③_____ ______ ______ _____ _____, which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience.
这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。
【高考真题精选】
2023 年全国乙卷（语法填空）
________ (impressive) is the design of the new library—it combines traditional and modern styles.
语法点
Grammar “将来时”的表达法
(一)当句子涉及确切的计划、明确的意图或为将来安排好的活动时，常见的用现在进行时表将来的动作的动词有：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, meet, get, fly, take, take off等位移动词
Betty is_leaving for Guangzhou by plane at 3：00 this afternoon.
贝蒂今天下午3点将乘飞机去广州。
When are you starting off
你什么时候动身？
(二)非位移动词的进行时表示将来
现在进行时表示将来除使用位移动词外，也可使用某些非位移动词，如do, buy, meet, have, play, publish等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。
The young man is_meeting his girlfriend this afternoon.
这个年轻人今天下午要去见他的女朋友。
I am_publishing a book this year.
我打算今年出一本书。
What are_you_doing next Sunday
下周日你打算干什么？
1．will/shall do表示单纯的将来时，是对未来事情发生的一种“预见性”。
Mr Black will_leave for Shanghai next week.
布莱克先生下周要到上海去。
I will/shall_be in Paris this time tomorrow.
明天这个时候我就在巴黎了。
2．be going to do表示打算最近或将来要做的事情；还可以表示说话者根据现在的迹象或征兆“预测”不久即将发生的事情。
Look！It is_going_to rain.
看！要下雨了。
3．be to do表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作；表示注定会发生的动作；表示命令、禁止、可能性等。
You are_to_be back by 10 o'clock in the evening.
你必须在晚上十点之前回来。
His plan is_to_be a failure.
他的计划注定要失败。
4．be about to do表示就要/正要做，指眼前的将来，常用于“be about to do ... when ... ”句型，意为“正要做……这时……”。
We are_about_to_start.
我们就要出发了。
I was_about_to_go to bed when the telephone rang.
我正要上床睡觉，这时电话响了。
5．一般现在时表示将来，有两种情况。
(1)常用于表示按计划、按规定或是按时刻表将进行的未来动作，仅限于一些位移动词，如go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, begin等
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
火车明天早上六点开。
When does the bus start
公共汽车什么时候开？
(2)用于时间和条件状语从句中。
If you ask him, he will help you.
如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
Wherever you go,_you should work hard.
无论你去哪儿，都要努力工作。
【即时练】
单句语法填空。（用括号中所给单词的正确时态形式填空）
1. The fact is that now the glaciers (冰川) __________ (disappear), changing the face of Kilimanjaro.
2. Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may __________ (gather) around human settlements soon.
3. I __________ (write) to apply for being a volunteer for the Chinese Painting Exhibition now.
4. Best wishes to you, and I __________ (look) forward to your reply.
5. Nowadays scientists __________ (try) their best to save the species from going out of existence.
6. The 65-year-old Steve Goodwin is found suffering from early Alzheimer’s (阿尔茨海默症). He __________ (lose) his memory.
7. My washing machine __________ (repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
8. —Hi, let’s go skating.
—Sorry, I’m busy right now. I __________ (fill) in an application form for a new job.
9. The students __________ (play) games in the park at the moment.
10. The telephone __________ (ring). Would you answer it
11. —Mr. Jordan, we want to hear your opinion about the current basketball games.
—OK, I __________ (come) to that.
12. As soon as he __________ (come) back, I will tell you.
13. Usually the new term __________ (start) on August 29th.
14. —Did you tell Julia about the result
—OH, no, I forgot. I __________ (call) her now.
15. You are __________ (hand) in your compositions after class.
16. Because the shop __________ (close) down, everything is sold at half price.
【高考真题精选】
2025 年全国乙卷（语法填空）
—When ________ you ________ (visit) your grandparents
—Next Sunday. I ________ (take) the high-speed train—tickets are already booked.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
新人教版必修第一册 Unit 2知识清单
重 点 单 词 1.rent vt. 租用;出租 vi. 租用;租金为 n. 租金 2.request n. (正式或礼貌的)要求;请求 vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求;请求 3.pack vi.&vt. 收拾(行李) vt. 包装 n. (商品的)纸包;纸袋;大包 4.view n. 视野;景色;看法 5.contact vt. 联络;联系 n. 联系;接触 6.sight n. 景象;视野;视力 7.unique adj. 唯一的;独特的;特有的 8.type n. 类型;种类 vi.&vt. 打字 9.comment n. 议论;评论 vi.&vt. 发表意见;评论 10.hike vi. 徒步旅行 vt. 去……远足 n. 远足;徒步旅行 11.flat adj. 平坦的;扁平的 n. 公寓;单元房 12.package n. 包裹;包装盒 vt. 将……包装好 13.source n. 来源;出处 14.destination n. 目的地;终点 15.site n. 地点;位置;现场 16.soldier n.士兵;军人 17.path n. 小路;路线;道路 18.credit n. 借款;信用;称赞;学分 19.statue n. 雕塑;雕像 20.tomb n. 坟墓 21.unearth vt. 挖掘;发掘 22.empire n. 帝国 23.emperor n. 皇帝 24.brochure n. 资料(或广告)手册 25.castle n. 城堡;堡垒 26.visa n. 签证 27.civilisation n. 文明;文明世界
词 汇 拓 展 1.apply vi.&vt. 申请;请求 vt. 应用;涂(油漆、乳剂)→application n. 申请;应用→applicant n. 申请者 2.amazing adj. 令人惊奇的;令人惊喜的→amaze vt.使惊异→amazingly adv.令人惊异地→amazed adj. 惊奇的;惊喜的→amazement n. 吃惊;惊讶 3.recognise vt. 辨别出;承认;认可→recognition n. 承认;认出;公认→recognisable adj. 可辨认的;可认出的 4.arrangement n. 安排;筹备→arrange vt.&vi.安排;筹备;整理 5.admire vt.钦佩;赞赏→admirable adj. 值得钦佩的;可钦佩的→admiration n. 钦佩;赞美;羡慕 6.extremely adv. 极其;非常→extreme adj. 极度的 7.official adj.官方的;正式的;公务的 n. 官员;要员→officially adv. 官方地;正式地;公务地 8.powerful adj. 强有力的;有权势的;有影响力的→powerfully adv. 强有力地;有权势地;有影响力地→power n. 力量;权力 9.detail n. 细节;详情;细微之处→detailed adj.详细的 10.narrow adj.狭窄的 vi.&vt. (使)变窄→narrowly adv. 狭窄地;勉强地 11.accommodation n. 住处;停留处;膳宿→accommodate vt.&vi. 提供住宿;使适应;容纳 12.architecture n. 建筑设计;建筑学→architect n. 建筑设计师 13.flight n. 空中航行;航班;航程→fly vt.飞越;空运 vi. 飞 14.economy n. 经济;节约→economic adj. 经济(上)的;经济学的 15.transport n. 交通运输系统 vt. 运输;运送→transportation n. 运输
重 点 短 语 1．apply for申请 2．take control of控制；接管 3．other than除……以外 4．make up构成；形成 5．credit card信用卡 6．check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记 7．check out结账离开(旅馆等)
重 点 句 型 1．It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru. 正是由于这个原因西班牙语是秘鲁的一门主要的官方语言。 2．Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. 特别令人惊叹的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。 3．Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。 4．Each statue has a different face，leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. 每尊雕像都有一张不同的脸，这使得研究人员相信每尊雕像都是一个真实士兵的复制品。 5．However，no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974，when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were digging a well! 然而，直到1974年，一些农民在挖井时发现了这座陵墓，现代人才知道了这座陵墓和兵马俑！
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Peru is a country 1 the central western coast of South America facing the Pacific Ocean. Three parts make up the country: narrow, dry, flat land 2 (run) along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest.
Spanish is the main language of Peru. It is because Peru 3 (rule) by Spain from the 16th century to 1821. But before that, Peru was the centre of the ancient Inca Empire, and its emperor lived in what is now known as the site Machu Picchu.
Peru is an 4 (amaze) destination with something for tourists. Here 5 (be) two magical tours: Amazon Rainforest Tour and Machu Picchu Tour.
In Amazon Rainforest Tour, you can first take 6 short flight into the Amazon rainforest and then will travel for a day to your 7 (accommodate) by boat. In the following three days, you can explore the unique rainforest with a local guide. In the other tour, you can take a four-day hike through the Andes to the city of Machu Picchu. After 8 (explore) the ancient city, you will find it very amazing, 9 (especial) the Incas’ dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones 10 exactly that nothing was needed to hold walls together.
【答案】
1．on 2．running 3．was ruled 4．amazing 5．are 6．a 7．accommodation 8．exploring 9．especially 10．so
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了秘鲁的地理位置、语言和旅游景点。
1．考查介词。句意：秘鲁是位于南美洲中西部海岸上的一个国家，面向太平洋。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“on the coast”，意为“在岸上，沿岸”，故空格处应用介词“on”。故填on。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个国家由三部分组成：沿着海岸延伸的狭窄、干燥、平坦的陆地、安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“make up”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“run along”意为“延伸”，“land”与“run”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故空格处应用“run”的现在分词“running”作后置定语。故填running。
3．考查时态和语态。句意：西班牙语是秘鲁的主要语言。这是因为从16世纪到1821年，秘鲁一直被西班牙统治。根据句意和句中“from the 16th century to 1821”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，且句子主语“Peru”与“rule”之间为被动关系，故句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，“Peru”与“was”连用，“rule”意为“统治”，动词词性，过去分词为“ruled”。故填was ruled。
4．考查形容词。句意：秘鲁是一个令人惊叹的旅游目的地，这里有一些吸引游客的东西。分析句子可知，句中“destination”为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，“amaze”意为“使惊奇”，动词词性，“amazing”意为“令人惊叹的”，形容词词性，修饰物，“amazed”意为“吃惊的”，形容词词性，修饰人，“destination”为物，故应用“amazing”修饰。故填amazing。
5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这里有两个神奇之旅：亚马逊雨林之旅和马丘比丘之旅。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子主语“tours”为可数名词复数形式，故“be”应转换为“are”。故填are。
6．考查冠词。句意：在亚马逊雨林之旅中，您可以先乘坐短途飞行进入亚马逊雨林，然后乘船旅行一天到达您的住处。根据句意可知，句中泛指一次短途飞行，故空格处应用不定冠词，“short”单词音标的第一个音素为辅音音素，故空格处应用不定冠词“a”。故填a。
7．考查名词。句意：在亚马逊雨林之旅中，您可以先乘坐短途飞行进入亚马逊雨林，然后乘船旅行一天到达您的住处。分析句子可知，句中“your”为形容词性物主代词，后接名词，“accommodate”意为“为（某人）提供住宿”，动词词性，“accommodation”意为“住处”，为不可数名词。故填accommodation。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：在探索这座古城之后，你会发现它非常神奇，尤其是印加人的干石建筑方法。分析句子可知，“After”为介词，后接动名词作宾语，“explore”意为“探索”，动词词性，动名词形式为“exploring”。故填exploring。
9．考查副词。句意：在探索这座古城之后，你会发现它非常神奇，尤其是印加人的干石建筑方法。分析句子可知，空格处应用副词，在句中作状语，“especial”意为“特别的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“especially”，意为“尤其，特备”。故填especially。
10．考查结果状语从句。句意：印加的建设者们把石头切割得如此精确，以至于不需要任何东西来把墙壁固定在一起。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为结果状语从句，
“so+adj./adv.+that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，故空格处应用“so”。故填so。
知识点
1. apply vi.& vt.申请;请求 vt.应用;涂(油漆、乳剂)
【教材原句】 apply for a visa (P24) 申请签证
【语境巧练】
[写出下列句中apply的含义]
(1)You may apply in person or by letter;either will be OK. ________
(2)(2)If the cut is deep,first tie a bandage around it and then ask a doctor to apply some medicine to it. ________
(3)The new discovery may be applied in medicine. _________
答案: 1.申请 2.涂;敷 3.应用;运用
【词块必记】
(1)apply...to...把……运用到……中;把……涂到……上
apply oneself to sth/doing sth致力于;集中精力于
apply to...适应/适用……
apply (to...) for...(向……)申请……
(2)applicant n.申请人
application n.申请;申请书;适用
application form申请表
【即时练】
一、单句语法填空
(1) The applicant spent three hours filling in the ________ (apply) form for the position of tour guide.
(2) She applied herself to ________ (learn) Spanish before her trip to Peru, and now she can communicate simply.
You can apply ________ the hotel for a late checkout if you need to rest longer.
【答案与解析】
(1) application（名词作定语，“申请表”）；(2) learning（apply oneself to后接动名词）；(3) to（apply to sb./sth. for sth.，向酒店申请）；
二、语境综合题
补全申请签证的邮件片段：
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to apply ________ (4) a tourist visa to Peru. I plan to visit Machu Picchu and the Amazon Rainforest next month. I have attached all necessary documents, including my travel plan and bank statement. I will apply myself ________ (5) following all the rules during my stay. Could you please inform me of the application progress
Thank you for your time.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
【答案及解析】
for（apply for a visa，申请签证）；(5) to（apply oneself to，致力于遵守规则）。
【高考真题精选】
2024 年新高考 II 卷（语法填空）
Students who wish to study abroad must apply ________ a student visa and prepare relevant materials in advance.
答案：for
解析：考查apply for sth.（申请某物），语境为 “申请学生签证”，符合 “申请” 含义的固定搭配。
2. amazing adj.令人惊奇的;令人惊喜的
【教材原句】 Why famous:amazing waterfalls,colourful lakes,beautiful mountains (P25) 为什么著名:令人惊奇的瀑布,色彩斑斓的湖泊,美丽的山脉
【词块必记】
（1）amazing 用来修饰事物 常用句式it is amazing that ...
（2）amazed adj. 惊讶的，惊奇的
be amazed to do sth 惊奇地做某事
be amazed at / by ...对……感到惊奇
be amazed that ...对……感到惊奇
（3） amazement n. 惊异；惊愕
to one ' s amazement 令某人惊奇的是…
in amazement 惊奇地
【即时练】
单句语法填空
(1) The tourists were ________ (amaze) by the Incas’ dry stone method of building—no cement was used!
(2) To our ________ (amaze), the ancient tomb was well-preserved after thousands of years.
(3) It is ________ (amaze) that the terracotta army has over 8,000 unique statues.
(4)当你观察这幅画时,你会对大自然母亲的美丽感到惊讶,并意识到拥有平和的心态的重要性。
When you observe the painting,you will be _______ at the beauty of Mother Nature and realise the importance of having a peaceful mind.
【佳句背诵】
The scenery along the river is amazing,with many well-known sight seeing spots.
沿江的风光令人惊叹,有着许多著名的观光景点。
答案与解析：
amazed（修饰人 “游客”，感到惊奇的）；(2) amazement（名词作介词宾语，to one’s amazement）；(3) amazing（修饰 “兵马俑有 8000 多尊雕像” 这件事，令人惊奇的）；（4）amazed
【高考真题精选】
2023 年浙江卷（完形填空）
The ________ (amaze) scenery of the Amazon Rainforest attracted thousands of photographers every year.
答案：amazing
解析：考查形容词区分，修饰物 “scenery”（风景），用 amazing，表 “令人惊奇的风景”。
3. recognise vt.辨别出;承认;认可
【教材原句】Recognise text type (P26) 识别文本类型
【词块必记】
(1)recognise that...承认……
recognise sb/sth as/to be 承认……是……
be recognised to be/as 被认作/被认为是……
It is recognised that...人们公认……
recognise sb/one’s voice认出某人/听出某人的声音
(2)recognition n.认出,认识
beyond recognition无法辨认
【即时练】
单句语法填空
(1)We recognise him ________ (be) a hard-working and honest person.
(2)Since 1958,they have been recognised ________ the national theatre of that country.
(3)Only after you have had that __________ (recognise) can you say that you are truly an inventor.
[句式升级]
(4)Air pollution is recognised to have become one of the most serious problems.
→____________________________ air pollution has become one of the most serious problems.(it作形式主语)
【佳句背诵】
As is known to all,paper-cutting is recognised as one of the traditional Chinese cultures.
众所周知,剪纸被认为是中国的传统文化之一。
答案:（1）to be （2）as （3）recognition （4） It is recognised that
【高考真题精选】
2024 年新高考 II 卷（语法填空）
The traditional craft is recognised ________ a cultural heritage, and local governments have taken measures to protect it.
答案：as/to be
解析：考查recognise sth as/to be（“认可传统工艺为文化遗产”），直接匹配 “承认属性” 的核心搭配，语境聚焦文化保护热点。
4. admire vt.钦佩;赞赏
【教材原句】
Stay in a local hotel,visit the museums,admire the architecture,enjoy the excellent local food,and go shopping at the local markets.(P27) 住在当地的酒店,参观博物馆,欣赏建筑,享受当地美食,以及在当地市场购物。
【词块必记】
(1)admire sb /sth for sth 赞赏某人/某物的……;因……而赞赏某人/某物
(2)admiring adj. 赞赏的;羡慕的
admirable adj. 令人敬佩的
admiration n. 赞赏;赞美;羡慕
with admiration敬佩地
【名师点津】
(1)admire后不接双宾语或直接接that引导的宾语从句,但可接疑问词引导的从句。
(2)admire后不接带不定式的复合结构,即不用admire sb to do sth,可用admire sb/sb’s doing sth。
【即时练】
单句语法填空
(1)We admire the old scientist _____ his great contributions to the country.
(2)I’d like to express my ________ (admire) for the courage and uncomplaining spirit of the firefighters.
(3)Molly ____________ (admire) for her charming personality and remarkable ability.
(4) We all admire the scientist ________ his dedication to space exploration.
(5) Her ________ (admire) qualities—kindness and perseverance—make her popular among classmates.
(6) The audience watched the pianist’s performance ________ admiration.
(7)被她的表演深深打动,全场观众赞叹不已。（完成句子）
___________________________________,the whole audience gasped with admiration.
答案:（1）for （2）admiration （3） is admired
(4) for（admire sb for sth，“钦佩科学家对太空探索的奉献”）；
(5) admirable（形容词修饰名词qualities，“令人钦佩的品质”）；
(6) with（with admiration“敬佩地”，固定短语）； (7) Deeply moved by her performance
【高考真题精选】
2023 年浙江卷（完形填空）
People admire the artist ________ his ability to turn common materials into beautiful works of art.
A. for B. to C. with D. at
答案：A
解析：考查admire sb for sth固定搭配，“钦佩艺术家将普通材料变成艺术品的能力”，干扰项均不符合搭配规则。
5.contact vt.联络;联系 n.联系;接触
【教材原句】For more brochures about other package tours around Peru,contact us at tourinfo@travelperu.org.(P27)想了解更多关于秘鲁旅游的小册子,请访问tourinfo @travelperu.org。
【词块必记】
make contact with＝get in/into contact with 与……取得联系
lose contact with 与……失去联系
keep in contact with 与……保持联系
be in/out of contact with 与……有/没有联系
【佳句背诵】
I do hope you can give us some valuable suggestions about the short film.Please contact us at your convenience.
我的确希望你们能就这部短片给我们一些宝贵的建议。请在你们方便时和我们联系。
【即时练】
完成句子
(1)如果你感兴趣,请务必发电子邮件与我联系。
Please make sure ______ _________ me by e-mail if you are interested.
(2)大学毕业后,他和大部分同学失去了联系。
After graduation from college,he _________ _________ __________ most of his classmates.
(3)互联网有助于我与朋友们保持联系。
The Internet helps me to _________ _________ _________ _________ my friends.
(4)我设法与一位老朋友取得了联系。
I have managed to _________ _________ _________ an old friend.
(5) After moving to a new city, she tried to ________ (contact) her childhood friend but failed—they had lost contact ________ each other for years.
(6) We’ve kept ________ contact with each other by email since we graduated from college.
答案: （1）to contact （2）lost contact with （3）get/keep/stay in contact with（4）make/get contact with (5) contact；with（动词contact直接接宾语；lose contact with“失去联系”）；
(6) in（keep in contact with“保持联系”，固定介词in）；
【高考真题精选】
2025 年全国甲卷（语法填空）
If you have any questions about the project, please contact us ________ email or phone—we are always in contact ________ team members.
答案：by；with
解析：第一空by email/phone（“通过邮件 / 电话”，表方式）；第二空in contact with（“与团队成员有联系”），考查contact的动词和名词搭配，语境为项目沟通场景。
6. view n.视野;景色;看法，态度; 观看，视线
【经典例句】 The lake came into view as we turned the corner.我们转过弯就看见那个湖了。
【语境巧练】[写出下列句中view的含义]
(1)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends,where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.__________
(2)In this lecture,I can only give you a purely personal view of how we can live life to the full. __________
(3)When the old man opened the window,a stranger with a high hat came into view. __________ (4)I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released. __________
【词块必记】
in view of 鉴于;由于
in one’s view 在某人看来
out of view 看不见;在视野之外
have a good view of 对……一览无余
come into view 进入视野
view...as...把……看作/视为……
【即时练】
（5）When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came ______ view.
（6）______ my view, it is a waste of time.
（7）______ view of the shortage of time, each person may only speak for five minutes.
[完成句子](8)随着汽车靠近镇中心,几座高大的建筑物进入了视野。
As the car got into the town centre,several tall buildings _________ _________ _________.
【佳句背诵】Standing at the top of the mountain,we can have a good view of the whole city.
站在山顶,我们可以清楚地看到整座城市。
答案:（1）风景（2）观点;见解（3） 视野（4）观看（5） into（6）In（7）In（8）came into view
【高考真题精选】
2024 年北京卷（阅读理解 A 篇）
The hotel is located on a hill, offering guests a wonderful view of the sea. Many visitors choose it for this reason.
解析：考查view表 “景色” 的含义，“酒店提供海景”，语境为旅游场景，匹配 “景色” 的核心用法，同时隐含have a view of的短语逻辑。
7. request n.(正式或礼貌的)要求;请求 vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求;请求
【教材原句】 Special requests(P29)特殊要求
【词块必记】
(1)at sb.'s request＝at the request of sb. 应某人的请求/要求
make a request for sth./that ... 请求……；要求……
(2)request sth.from/of sb. 向某人要求某物
request sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事
It is requested that sb.(should) do sth. 要求某人做某事
【即时练】
单句语法填空
(1)All the students are requested _________ (attend) the annual school celebration.
(2)What’s your opinion of Mr Li’s request that we ________ (spend) half an hour reading English aloud every morning
(3)It _________ (request) that all the visitors should not take pictures of the exhibitions.
(4)He is going to come to China for a visit at the request______ his friend next month.
(5) The manager requested that all employees ________ (attend) the training session next Monday.
(6) A request was made that the library ________ (extend) its opening hours during exams.
[完成句子]
(7)She ______ _______ _______ ______ some detailed information about western civilization.
她要求提供一些关于西方文明的详细信息。
(8)All teachers and students ______ _______ ______ _____ meet in the Lecture Hall at 2：30 pm.
要求所有教师和学生下午两点半在报告厅集合。
答案:（1）to attend（2）(should) spend（3） is requested（4）of
(5) (should) attend（虚拟语气，should可省略，“要求员工参加培训”）；
(6) (should) extend（request后的同位语从句也需虚拟语气，“要求图书馆延长时间”）；
（7）made a request for（8）are requested to meet
【高考真题精选】
2025 年全国甲卷（语法填空）
It is requested that all visitors ________ (not take) photos of the ancient artifacts to protect them from damage.
答案：(should) not take
解析：考查It is requested that...后的虚拟语气，否定形式为 “(should) not + 动词原形”，语境为博物馆保护文物，匹配 “正式要求” 的场景。
8. make up构成;形成；组成；编造；弥补；化妆；(与某人)和好
【教材原句】These Inca roads were made up of two north-south highways and many small roads crossing the mountains east to west.(P27) 这些印加公路由两条南北走向的公路和许多从东到西穿过山脉的小路组成。
【词块必记】
make up for 弥补；补偿
be made up of 由……组成/构成
make out辨认清楚,理解,明白(事理)
make it获得成功;渡过难关
make sense有意义;讲得通
make up one’s mind下定决心
make use of...利用……
make the most of...充分利用;尽情享受
(2)consist of由……构成/组成
be composed of由……构成/组成
【即时练】[用法感知] (写出下列各句中make up的含义)
①Twelve girls make up the performance team._________
②He made up a wonderful story to explain his absence._________
③Mary and Joan quarreled, but made up after a while._________
④Now many girls like to make up when they are still quite young._________
⑤Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow？_________
单句语法填空
⑥The mountain village I visited last week is made up _____ 30 families belonging to five nationalities.
⑦We’re working hard to try to make up ______ the lost time.
⑧Can you make ______ what this means
[一句多译]
在所有的诗歌中,我尤其喜欢莎士比亚写的诗歌,它们是由十四行构成的。
⑨Of all the poems,I like the ones written by Shakespeare in particular,which _____ ______ ______ _______ fourteen lines.
⑩Of all the poems,I like the ones written by Shakespeare in particular,which _______ _______ fourteen lines.
答案:①组成 ②.编造 ③和好 ④化妆 ⑤弥补 ⑥of ⑦for ⑧ out ⑨are made up of ⑩consist of
【高考真题精选】
2023 年新高考 I 卷（完形填空）
The team is made up of players from different countries, and their different styles ________ a strong and diverse team.
A. make up B. make for C. make out D. make up for
答案：A
解析：考查make up表 “构成” 的含义，“不同风格构成强大多元的团队”，干扰项make for（促成）、make out（辨认）、make up for（弥补）均不符合语境。⑩consist of
9.other than除……以外
【教材原句】Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.(P26)印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸,仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合即可稳固墙体。
【词块必记】
rather than 与其；不愿；而不是
more than 多于；不仅仅；非常
less than 少于
[联想发散]表示“除……之外”的词语还有：except, besides, except for, aside from等。
【即时练】
选词填空(other than/rather than/more than)
(1)She is _____ ______ a teacher to us; she is our friend.
(2)Facing up to your problems _____ _____ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
(3)The form cannot be signed by anyone _____ _____ yourself.
[完成句子]
(4)我在星期五深夜见到他,更确切地说是在星期六凌晨。
I met him very late on Friday night,_____ ______ early on Saturday morning.
(5)他不仅仅是我们的老师,也是我们最好的朋友。
He is _____ ______ our teacher.He is also our best friend.
(6) They decided to stay at home ________ (other than/rather than) go out, as the weather was bad.
(7) The library is open every day ________ (other than/more than) Sunday.
(8) Her achievement is ________ (more than/other than) a personal success—it’s a win for the whole team.
答案: (1)more than (2) rather than (3)other than (4) or rather (5)more than
(6) rather than（肯定句表选择，“宁愿待在家而不出去”）；
(7) other than（否定含义 “除周日外每天开放”，= except）；
(8) more than（“不仅仅是个人成功”，表程度）；
【高考真题精选】
2024 年全国乙卷（语法填空）
Inca builders used no cement other than the perfect fit of stones to hold the walls together.
解析：考查other than表 “除…… 外没有” 的含义，与教材原句语境一致（“除石头的完美契合外无需水泥”），体现 “否定场景” 的核心用法。
10. 句型公式: .It is...that...强调句
【教材原句】 It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.(P26) 正因为这个原因,西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。
本句中It is ...that ...是一个强调句型，此处强调了原因状语for this reason。强调句型的常用形式：
(1)陈述句形式：It is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他成分。
(2)一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他成分？
(3)特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词＋is/was it that＋其他成分？
(4)not until的强调句式：It is/was not until ...that＋其他成分。
【名师点津】 “It's ...that ...”强调句型的注意事项：
(1)不用于强调谓语动词；
(2)强调主语且指人时that 可换成who；
(3)去掉It is/was和that/who后句子结构仍完整。
【即时练】
[应用融会] (完成句子/句型转换)
①______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible.
正是由于你慷慨的帮助，我坚信我会很快适应大学生活的。
②______ ______ ______ Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got angry
是因为杰克上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的吗？
③______ ______ ______ ______ made his parents so happy
是什么使他父母这么高兴？
④She didn't mention her own plan until near the end of the letter.
→____________________________________________________________________________.(强调句)
直到信的末尾她才提到自己的计划。
答案: ①It is with your generous help that ②Was it that ③What was it that
④ It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan
【高考真题精选】
2025 年全国甲卷（短文改错）
It was in the year 1974 when some farmers discovered the terracotta statues while digging a well.
答案：错误修正：when → that
解析：考查强调句的引导词，被强调成分是时间状语 “in the year 1974”，需用that，when用于定语从句，此处为强调句，故改that。
11. 句型公式It be＋adj.＋that从句, it作形式主语
【教材原句】 It's amazing that there are more than 8,000 statues, and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s.
那里有8 000多座俑像，直到20世纪70年代才为人所知，想想这一切，真是非常神奇。
本句型中it是形式主语, that从句为真正的主语。it作形式主语的常用句式：
(1)It be＋形容词(obvious, possible, strange, natural, important, amazing ...)＋that从句。
(2)It be＋名词短语(a pity, a fact, an honour, no wonder ...)＋that从句。
【即时练】
[完成句子]
① ______ ______ ______ ______ everyone (should) learn to get along well with others in a new environment.
在新的环境中学会和他人相处好对每个人都很重要。
② ______ ______ ______ ______ you have made a mistake.
很明显你犯了一个错误。
③ ______ ______ ______ ______ my little son should have got used to a new environment.
真令人惊讶，我的小儿子已经习惯了新的生活环境。
④ ______ ______ ______ ______ you missed such a good chance.
真可惜你错过了这么好的机会。
答案: (1)It is important that (2)It is obvious that ③It is surprising that ④It is a pity that
【高考真题精选】
2024 年新高考 I 卷（语法填空）
It is amazing that the small town has preserved its traditional culture while developing modern industry.
解析：考查It is amazing that...句型，“小镇在发展现代工业的同时保留传统文化，令人惊奇”，陈述客观事实，无需虚拟，匹配 “情感态度类形容词” 的用法。
12. 句型公式: 形容词作表语置句首倒装
【教材原句】Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building.
尤其令人称奇的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。
【归纳点拨】
本句是完全倒装句，表语especially amazing前置。
(1)作表语的分词短语或形容词提到系动词前面时，句子用完全倒装，即“分词/形容词＋系动词＋主语”结构。
(2)表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。
(3)代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装。
(4)out, in, down, up, away, here, now, then, there等表示方位、地点和时间的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。
【即时练】(完成句子)
①Buried in the sands ______ ______ _______ ______ .
一个古老的村庄被埋在沙土之中。
②Into the dark apartment ______ ______ ______ , who was quite surprised when everyone shouted Happy Birthday.
我朋友走进了黑暗的房间，当大家喊生日快乐时，他感到很惊讶。
③_____ ______ ______ _____ _____, which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience.
这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。
答案: ①was an ancient village ②walked my friend ③Such is our lively city
【高考真题精选】
2023 年全国乙卷（语法填空）
________ (impressive) is the design of the new library—it combines traditional and modern styles.
答案：Impressive
解析：考查形容词倒装，Impressive（令人印象深刻的）作表语前置，句子为完全倒装（正常语序：The design of the new library is impressive），主语是名词短语，符合倒装条件。
语法点
Grammar “将来时”的表达法
(一)当句子涉及确切的计划、明确的意图或为将来安排好的活动时，常见的用现在进行时表将来的动作的动词有：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, meet, get, fly, take, take off等位移动词
Betty is_leaving for Guangzhou by plane at 3：00 this afternoon.
贝蒂今天下午3点将乘飞机去广州。
When are you starting off
你什么时候动身？
(二)非位移动词的进行时表示将来
现在进行时表示将来除使用位移动词外，也可使用某些非位移动词，如do, buy, meet, have, play, publish等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。
The young man is_meeting his girlfriend this afternoon.
这个年轻人今天下午要去见他的女朋友。
I am_publishing a book this year.
我打算今年出一本书。
What are_you_doing next Sunday
下周日你打算干什么？
1．will/shall do表示单纯的将来时，是对未来事情发生的一种“预见性”。
Mr Black will_leave for Shanghai next week.
布莱克先生下周要到上海去。
I will/shall_be in Paris this time tomorrow.
明天这个时候我就在巴黎了。
2．be going to do表示打算最近或将来要做的事情；还可以表示说话者根据现在的迹象或征兆“预测”不久即将发生的事情。
Look！It is_going_to rain.
看！要下雨了。
3．be to do表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作；表示注定会发生的动作；表示命令、禁止、可能性等。
You are_to_be back by 10 o'clock in the evening.
你必须在晚上十点之前回来。
His plan is_to_be a failure.
他的计划注定要失败。
4．be about to do表示就要/正要做，指眼前的将来，常用于“be about to do ... when ... ”句型，意为“正要做……这时……”。
We are_about_to_start.
我们就要出发了。
I was_about_to_go to bed when the telephone rang.
我正要上床睡觉，这时电话响了。
5．一般现在时表示将来，有两种情况。
(1)常用于表示按计划、按规定或是按时刻表将进行的未来动作，仅限于一些位移动词，如go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, begin等
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
火车明天早上六点开。
When does the bus start
公共汽车什么时候开？
(2)用于时间和条件状语从句中。
If you ask him, he will help you.
如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
Wherever you go,_you should work hard.
无论你去哪儿，都要努力工作。
【即时练】
单句语法填空。（用括号中所给单词的正确时态形式填空）
1. The fact is that now the glaciers (冰川) __________ (disappear), changing the face of Kilimanjaro.
2. Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may __________ (gather) around human settlements soon.
3. I __________ (write) to apply for being a volunteer for the Chinese Painting Exhibition now.
4. Best wishes to you, and I __________ (look) forward to your reply.
5. Nowadays scientists __________ (try) their best to save the species from going out of existence.
6. The 65-year-old Steve Goodwin is found suffering from early Alzheimer’s (阿尔茨海默症). He __________ (lose) his memory.
7. My washing machine __________ (repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
8. —Hi, let’s go skating.
—Sorry, I’m busy right now. I __________ (fill) in an application form for a new job.
9. The students __________ (play) games in the park at the moment.
10. The telephone __________ (ring). Would you answer it
11. —Mr. Jordan, we want to hear your opinion about the current basketball games.
—OK, I __________ (come) to that.
12. As soon as he __________ (come) back, I will tell you.
13. Usually the new term __________ (start) on August 29th.
14. —Did you tell Julia about the result
—OH, no, I forgot. I __________ (call) her now.
15. You are __________ (hand) in your compositions after class.
16. Because the shop __________ (close) down, everything is sold at half price.
答案：
1. are disappearing 2.be gathering 3. am writing 4. am looking
5. are trying 6. is losing 7. is being repaired 8. am filling
9. are playing 10. is ringing 11. am coming 12. comes
13. starts 14. will call 15. to hand 16. is closing
【高考真题精选】
2025 年全国乙卷（语法填空）
—When ________ you ________ (visit) your grandparents
—Next Sunday. I ________ (take) the high-speed train—tickets are already booked.
答案：are; going to visit; am taking
解析：第一空be going to visit表计划（有next Sunday）；第二空am taking（现在进行时表将来，位移动词take“乘坐”，已订票表计划），体现将来时表达的多样性。
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