【学霸笔记】Module 11 Unit 3 教学课件 初中英语外研版九年级上册

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Module 11 Photos
Unit 3 Language in use
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He’s the boy who won the photo competition last year!
The photo which we liked best in the City and People group was taken by Zhao Min.
A group of photos which show Beijing and Cambridge in England have won the prize.
Language practice
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1. Complete the poster for the photo competition. Use that, which or who. There may be more than one answer.
Photo competition
Send us your photos and win a new camera!
We need photos ___________ show daily life at school.
Your photos should record interesting things ___________ happen at school, inside the classroom or outside.
The photos _________ you take should be active, beautiful and true.
that /which
that /which
that /which
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that /which
that /which
The photos ___________ you send should include some words about them.
The size of the photos ___________ you take should be 9cm×13cm.
Students __________ enter the competition should be between 10 and 16 years old.
The last date _______ you should send your photos on is 30th November.
The lucky person ___________ wins the competition will receive a new camera.
who / that
which
who / that
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In many English-speaking countries, two systems of measurement are used: imperial (inch, foot, yard, mile, pound) and metric (millimetre, centimetre, metre, kilometre, kilogram). You also need to recognise their short forms (in, ft, yd, ml, lb; mm, cm, m, km, kg).
Learning to learn
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在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导从句的关系代词有who(人-主格), whom(人-宾客), whose(人-所有格), which(物), that(人/物)。
引导从句的关系副词有where(地点), when(时间), why(原因)。
定语从句
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The man who lives next to us is a teacher.
You must do everything that I do.
We will never forget the day when we
visited our headmaster.
先行词
( )
定 语 从 句
先行词
( )
定语从句
先行词
(
)
定语从句
人
物
时间
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从句的谓语动词和先行词的关系。
主谓关系?
He asked the man (作从句主语) who/that was smoking.
b. 动宾关系?
The noodles (作从句宾语) that/which I cooked were delicious.
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which 引导的定语从句
which 引导的定语从句修饰的是无生命物体, which 在从句中可以作主语, 也可以作宾语。
只能用which的情况:?
a. 关系代词前有介词。
This is the house in which we lived last year.
这是我们去年住的房子。
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b. 先行词本身是that。
The clock is that which I bought yesterday.
这是我昨天买的那个闹钟。
c. 非限制性定语从句。
His English, which used to be very poor, is now excellent.
他的英语，以前非常差，现在很优秀。
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who引导的定语从句
如果先行词指人那么定语从句的引导词就可以用who。如果先行词指人, 引导词在从句中充当宾语, 那么引导词就要用who的宾格形式whom, 口语中也可以用who代替。
She has two brothers, who are both doctors.
她有两个弟弟，都是医生。
The man whom I saw is called Smith.
我看见的那个人是史密斯。
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定语从句中引导词的省略
不管定语从句修饰的是人还是物, 如果引导词在从句中作宾语, 通常就可以省略。
Did you go to the talk (that/ which) the famous scientist gave at your school
你去听那位著名科学家在你们学校做的演讲了吗？
Is that the car (that/which) you bought last month
那是你上个月买的车吗？
A friend is a person (who/whom) you know very well and like.
朋友是你十分了解并且喜欢的人。
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引导词作宾语时可以省略是因为省略后的从句仍然有主语和谓语, 仍然可以分辨出哪部分是定语从句。但是, 引导词在从句中作主语时就不能省略, 否则会造成结构混乱。
I’d like to have a teacher who is good at speaking.
我想拥有一位擅长演讲的老师。
He can make lessons that are usually boring interesting.
他能把枯燥乏味的课讲得生动有趣。
以上两句中的引导词 who 和 that 在从句中作主语, 不能省略。此外, 需要注意的是, 虽然在定语从句中作宾语的引导词在口语中往往被省略, 但在正式文体中则常常被保留。
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1.（2023·辽宁营口·真题）The Aerospace Square ________ was completed last year has become a new tourist attraction.
A．which B．who C．whom D．where
A解析：句意：去年竣工的航天广场已成为一个新的旅游景点。分析句子可知，“...was completed last year”是作定语修饰The Aerospace Square，所以是定语从句，先行词是物，空处在句中作主语，所以用关系词which引导。故选A。
2. （2023·吉林·真题）The students are reading books _______ are full of the “red spirit” these days.
A．who B．where C．which
C解析：句意：这些天，学生们正在读充满“红色精神”的书。who谁；where哪儿；which哪个。本句含定语从句，先行词books指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。
3.（2023·山东滨州·一模）Abing’s Erquan Yingyue is a piece of music ________ has become one of China’s national treasures.
A．who B．which C．whose D．what
B解析：句意：阿炳的《二泉映月》是一首已成为中国国宝之一的音乐。who谁；which哪个；whose谁的；what什么。分析句子结构可知，此句是一个定语从句；根据“has become one of China’s national treasures”可知，从句缺少主语，先行词是music，which作从句主语。故选B。
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B解析：句意：你知道云南的首都昆明吗？where，关系副词，指地点，在从句中作地点状语；which关系代词，指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose关系代词，who的所有格，在从句中作定语。分析句子可知，is前缺少主语，先行词“Kunming”是物，且在句中作主语。故选B。
4. 2024·江苏徐州·一模）—Which one is your Maths teacher
—Over there! The tall man ______ wears a pair of round glasses.
A．who B．which C．what D．where
A解析：句意：——哪一个是你的数学老师？——在那里！那个戴着一副圆眼镜的高个子男人。who引导定语从句，在句中作主语/宾语，先行词是人；which引导定语从句，在句中作主语/宾语，先行词是物；what不能引导定语从句；where引导定语从句，在句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词。分析句子可知，空后句子作定语修饰名词The tall man，空处在句中作主语，且先行词是人，所以用who，故选A。
5.（2024·吉林长春·一模）This is the girl ________ helped me in the supermarket yesterday.
A．who B．which C．whose D．whom
A解析：句意：这就是昨天在超市帮我的那个女孩。who谁；which哪个；whose谁的；whom谁，宾格。分析句子结构，此处是定语从句，先行词是girl，指人，且作从句主语，用who。故选A。
6.（2022·云南昭通·二模）Do you know the city, Kunming, __________ is the capital city of Yunan
A．where B．which C．who D．whose
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A解析：句意：他把自己的诗告诉了妹妹Dorothy，Dorothy为他写下了它们。
考查定语从句。本句是非限制性定语从句，根据句中的先行词his sister, Dorothy是指人，用关系代词who。故选A。
7. He was very rude to the customs officer, ________ of course made things even worse.
A．who B．whom C．what D．which
D解析：句意：他对海关官员非常粗鲁，这当然使事情变得更糟。分析句子可知“...of course made things even worse”说明了主句事件的影响，是非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句，关系词用which，故选D。
8. Still Night Thoughts was written by Li Bai, ________ was a Chinese poet.
A．what B．that C．who D．which
C解析：句意：《静夜思》是一个中国的诗人李白写的。what什么；that既可代指人也可代指物；who先行词是人的定语从句引导词；which先行词是物的定语从句引导词。根据逗号之后是一个非限制性定语从句，限定修饰 Li Bai，先行词是人，所以用who引导。故选C。
9. He told his poems to his sister, Dorothy, ______ wrote them down for him.
A．who B．that C．she D．he
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2. Complete the sentences so that they are true for you.
I like the writer who __________________________.
2. I would like to visit a place that ________________________.
3. I go to a school which________________________________
_______.
4. My favourite band is the one that ______________________
_________.
wrote the Harry Potter books
has lots of sunny beaches
only accepts students who are good at
English
we saw at the concert last
week
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5. I have never seen a doctor who________________________
___________________.
6. I want to take a photo which _________________________
____________________.
7. Our teacher is the man who ____________________________.
shows my pet cat playing in a
is wearing a purple shirt
cardboard box
wears shorts in the
operating theatre
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3. Work in pairs.Talk about the two photos.
I like the photo which …
I don’t like the photo which …
The photo which … is …
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Then talk about the people in the photos.
The girl who …
Now ask questions about the photos and write down your answers.
— Which photo …
— The one …
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4. Work in pairs. Look around the class and describe someone or something to your partner. Can your partner guess who or what you are describing
It is something that you use to paint pictures.
She is a girl who has glasses and long hair.
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5. Complete the conversation with the expressions in the box.
by the way even though far from thousands of try … out
Jerry: Hi, how are you I haven’t seen you for a long time … Wow, is that a new camera, ___________
Tina: Yes. I dropped my old one, and it was too expensive to repair. So I bought a new one. This one is much better. It’s so much lighter and easier to use than the old one. I’ve learnt how to work it already, ____________ I’ve only had it for a couple of days.
by the way
even though
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And I don’t have to worry about getting prints of all the photos — I can store _____________ photos on my computer!
Jerry: Wow, that’s great! I’m thinking of getting a camera too. Do you mind if I _____ it _____
Tina: Of course not. Let’s go to the lake. It’s not __________ here. The lake would make a really good photo.
try out
far from
thousands of
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6. Read the passage and complete the table.
When What happened
In 1827
In the early 1830s
After 1840
In the 1880s
By the end of the nineteenth century
Niepce invented a camera and the first successful photograph was produced.
A new kind of camera was invented.
Photography became a kind of art.
People could buy film in small boxes.
People could take pictures of moving things.
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The first successful photo was produced in _________.
2. Because it took a long time to take a photo, people in early photos did not ________.
3. The first photographers needed to know how to _________ and _________ them.
4. Kodak introduced a camera that could be used by everyone in _____.
5. Kodak’s camera was ________and ______ than any of the earlier cameras.
6. Cameras with computer technology were introduced in ___________.
7. Listen and complete the sentences.
1827
smile
take photos
develop
1888
smaller
lighter
the 1990s
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8. Choose your favourite photo and describe it.
Choose one photo you like best.
Write a passage or story about it.
Say what/who is in the photo, and why it is important to you.
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9. Work in groups.Talk about your photo. Use the passage or story you have written in Activity 8 to help you.
Show the group your photo. Tell them why you like it, and why it is important to you.
Answer questions your group may have.
Listen to the other members of your group talk about their photos.
10. Show your photos from the group to the whole class and talk about them.
课 堂 小 结
Module 11 Unit 3
THANK YOU