Period 5 课文整体教学(Extended reading)
1．What is the text mainly about
A．The importance of friendship．
B．How to walk the “path of life”．
C．Ways to make really good friends．
D．Our thoughts and personal growth．
[答案] A
2．What is the first fruit of friendship
A．To comfort the heart．
B．To share our joy and sadness．
C．To respect our feelings．
D．To treasure the moments of closeness．
[答案] A
3．What can we learn about the second fruit of friendship
A．It's very easy to find out our own weaknesses．
B．Our own feelings can make our judgements better．
C．Our friends can help us make important decisions．
D．Our friends should deal with our problems alone．
[答案] C
4．How can we better walk the “path of life”？
A．By giving support to our friends．
B．By offering advice in many different ways．
C．By achieving what we want to achieve．
D．By carefully choosing friends and developing friendship．
[答案] D
1．extra adj．额外的，分外的，附加的n．另收费的事物；额外的事物 adv．额外，另外；特别，格外
①(教材原句)It'll take up some of my spare time，but this friendship is worth my extra time and effort． adj．额外的
②You may be charged 10% extra for this service． adv．额外
③I said you'd have to be extra careful． adv．格外
④Optional extras include cooking classes at a top restaurant． n．额外的事物
2．failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物)；未做到；故障；倒闭
①(教材原句)The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy，sadness，success and failure． 失败
②Elgar received many honours and yet he often considered himself a failure． 失败者
③There were also several accidents mainly caused by engine failures on take-off． 故障
④It is reported that business failures rose 16% last month． 倒闭
3．measure n．措施；程度；量；计量标准 vt．测量；(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为；估量，判定
①(教材原句)With true friends，we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure． n．程度
②Measure the length and width of the gap． vt．测量
③It measures 20 yards from side to side． vt．数值为
④The government warned that police would take measures to prevent the trouble． n．措施
1．(学会断句)As we walk the “path of life”，we may sometimes wish to be alone/with our own thoughts，for/quiet periods of reflection/can lead to personal improvement．
[分析] 本句是一个并列复合句。for是并列连词，连接前后两个分句。第一个分句是复合句，其中as引导时间状语从句，we may sometimes wish．．．为主句。
[翻译] 当我们走上“人生之路”时，有时候我们可能希望独自思考，因为安静思考期间会带来个人进步。
2．(学会断句)Finally，it should be pointed out/ that enjoying the company of a crowd /is not the same as /being with friends．
[分析] 本句是一个复合句。it是形式主语，that引导的主语从句是真正的主语；从句中的主语是动词-ing形式短语enjoying the company of a crowd。
[翻译] 最后，应该指出，与一群人在一起和与朋友在一起，不是一回事。
1．(续写佳句)
①However，when we seek to be alone，we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world．(读后续写之心理活动描写)
然而，当我们试图独处时，我们必须小心，不要总是逃避到自己的世界里去。
②More often than not，close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel．(读后续写之比喻场景描写)
通常，亲密的友谊将有助于铺平我们注定要走的时而崎岖的道路。
③Through friendship，we can become happier，wiser and more satisfied humans．(读后续写之人物特点描写)
通过友谊，我们可以成为更快乐、更明智、更满足的人。
2．(应用文佳句)
①Tim and I talked a lot about his problems today，and I'm so glad that I could help my best friend．(应用文写作之提供帮助)
蒂姆和我今天谈了很多关于他的问题，我很高兴我能帮助我最好的朋友。
②In my opinion，the following qualities form the basis of a friendship．(应用文写作之表达看法)
在我看来，下列品质构成了友谊的基础。
1．quality n．品德，素质；质量；特征 adj．优质的，高质量的
(1)of high/good/top quality 质量优
of low/bad/poor quality 质量差
in quality 质量上
(2)quantity n． 数量
a large quantity of＝large quantities of 许多，大量
[名师点津] quality作“质量”讲时通常用作不可数名词；而作“品质”讲时多用作可数名词。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Wine of high quality costs more than that of poor quality．
②All the tractors except this are good in quality．
③We can supply large quantities (quantity) of these goods．
④每天他确保新鲜蔬菜和高质量的食用油用于烹调。
Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil/oil of high quality are used for cooking．
2．respect vt．尊重，尊敬 n．尊敬，敬意；重视；方面，细节
(1)respect sb．for．．． 因……尊敬某人
(2)show/have respect for．．． 对……表示尊重/尊敬
give/send one's respects to．．． 代某人向……问候
(3)out of respect for．．． 出于对……的尊敬；顾及……
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①In China，we attach great importance to showing respect for the elderly．
②China is developing very rapidly in all respects (respect) and we're all proud of our motherland．
③Please send them my respects (respect) when you write to your family．
④人人尊敬的老教授决心为国家做出重大的贡献。
With everyone respecting him，the old professor decided to make great contributions to the country．
3．measure vt．测量；(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为；判定，估量 n．量；计量单位；措施；程度
(1)measure．．．by．．． 用……来衡量……
be measured by/in．．． 用……来计算/衡量
(2)take measures (to do sth．) 采取措施(做某事)
made to measure 量身定制的
[名师点津] measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有……长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时；若此意义的短语作后置定语，要用动词-ing形式。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The new bridge under construction，measuring (measure) twice as long as the old one，is due to be completed in 2026．
②We must take effective measures (measure) to reduce crime in the area．
③You'll need to get a suit made to measure．
④该到了我们采取措施防止空气污染的时候了。
It's high time that we should take/took measures to prevent air from being polluted．
4．reflection n．沉思；反射；映像；反映
(1)on reflection 仔细想来，经过慎重考虑
without reflection 不假思索地
(2)reflect vi． 认真思考
vt． 思考；映射；反射
reflect on/upon 思考，反省
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①After days of reflection/reflecting (reflect)，she decided to write back．
②When the sun's rays hit the earth，a lot of the heat is reflected(reflect) back into space．
③The man was lying on the grass，reflecting (reflect) on what happened that day．
④虽然一开始这个消息令我震惊，但经过认真思考，我觉得它很有道理。
While the news at first shocked me，on reflection it made perfect sense．
5．benefit n．优势，益处，成效 vt．使受益 vi．得益于
(1)benefit from/by．．． 从……中获益；得益于……
for the benefit of sb．＝ for sb．'s benefit 为了某人的利益
(2)beneficial adj． 有益的；有利的
be beneficial to ．．．＝be of benefit to．．． 对……有益
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The students benefiting(benefit) most from college are those who take full advantage of the college's chances and resources．
②China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens．
③Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial (benefit) character feature，and is usually advised to reduce it．
④自你们到我们学校参加交流活动以来已经两周了，这项交流活动对我们都有益处。
It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program，which
is of benefit to all of us．
6．comfort vt．宽慰，抚慰 n．舒服；安慰；令人感到安慰的人(或事物)
(1)in comfort 舒适地；放松地
be a comfort to sb． 对某人来说是个安慰
It's a comfort to do sth． 做某事是一种安慰
(2)comfort sb．(with sth．)＝give comfort to sb．(with sth．) (用……)安慰某人
(3)comfortable adj． 舒服的；安逸的
comfortably adv． 舒适地
[名师点津] comfort作“舒适；安慰”讲时，为不可数名词，但作“令人安慰的人或事物”讲时，则为可数名词，前面常出现不定冠词a。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①You must keep these points in mind when comforting (comfort) others with words．
②Even if he was in trouble，he was still happy，which was a great comfort to me．
③Lie down on your bed and make yourself comfortable (comfort)．
④就我个人而言，在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真舒服。
As far as I am concerned，drinking a cup of hot milk in cold nights is a real comfort．
7．admire vt．钦佩；欣赏
(1)admire sb．for (doing) sth． 因(做)某事而钦佩某人
(2)admiration n． 钦佩；赞赏
express/have admiration for．．． 钦佩……
with/in admiration 赞赏地
(3)admirable adj． 令人钦佩的，令人羡慕的，值得赞赏的
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Her excellent performance filled me with admiration (admire)．
②He admired (admire) the way she had dealt with life．
③She did an admirable (admire) job of holding the audience's attention．
④我不同意她的意见，但是我赞赏她的恪守原则。
I don't agree with her，but I admire her for sticking to her principles．
find＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．
(教材P39)We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own．
我们常常发现承认别人的不足比承认自己的不足容易得多。
(1)“find＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．”中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。
(2)能用于本句型的动词还有feel，make，think，consider等。
(3)不用形式宾语时也可用“find ＋一般宾语＋宾补”。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子
①Even the best writers sometimes find themselves lost (lose) for words．
②Later she found it impossible (发现不可能)to finish the whole work in two days．
③I found it easy to work out the problem(发现这个问题很容易解决)．
④我发现和你的家人在一起很开心。
I found it pleasant to be with your family．
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．I find it hard to believe that he would do such a thing．
2．A large number of students will benefit from the new teaching method．
3．Education shouldn't be measured (measure) only by examination results．
4．Ned put his arm around the little boy，trying to comfort (comfort) him．
5．He could only spend two hours a day on the project，but his devotion to duty is worth respecting/respect (respect)．
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．那棵参天大树在时间的流逝中衡量着自己的力量，它高高地伸向高空，仿佛用它的树枝触摸天界。(读后续写之景物描写)
The towering tree measured its strength against the passing of time，reaching high into the sky as if to touch the heavens with its branches．
2．她有一颗充满关怀的心，总是试图为有需要的人提供宽慰，周围的许多人都从她的善良和慷慨中受益。(读后续写之人物描写)
With a heart full of care，she always tries to provide comfort to those in need and many people around benefit from her kindness and generosity．
3．尽管她尽了最大的努力，但她发现无法压制无休止的怀疑和不安全感，这让她觉得自己陷入了极大的焦虑之中。(读后续写之心理活动描写)
Despite her best efforts，she found it impossible to silence the endless doubts and insecurities，leaving her feeling trapped in horrible anxiety．
4．在这充满挑战的旅程中，我想对您的支持和指导表示诚挚的感谢和最深切的敬意。(应用文写作之表达感谢)
I would like to express my sincere gratitude and deepest respect for your support and guidance throughout this challenging journey．
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
When we walk the “path of life”，sometimes friendship can help us 1．(to) smooth (smooth) out the rocky road that we 2．are meant (mean) to travel．Generally speaking，close friendships have three main 3．benefits (benefit)．The first is that they can get the heart 4．comforted (comfort) because of the peace coming from friends with 5．whom we share our joy，sadness，success and 6．failure (fail)．The second is that we may have better understanding and 7．judgement (judge) through conversations with well-meaning friends．The third is that they can help us achieve the goals 8．in many different ways．Finally，if we want to 9．better (well) walk the “path of life” with the comfort，advice and help from our 10．trusted (trust) friends，we should choose friends and develop relationships carefully．
课时提升作业(八)
(UNIT 3 Grammar and usage & Extended reading)
(总分：55分)
Ⅰ．单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．On reflection(沉思)，we decided to buy that house．
2．We admired(欣赏) each other and soon became very good friends．
3．The new policy will be of great benefit(益处) to the local villagers．
4．The poor man had no choice but to go abroad to seek(寻找) his fortune．
5．In summary，your wrong judgement led to the failure(失败) of your business．
Ⅱ．选词填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
at a loss；in the wrong；smooth out；be meant to do sth．；take on
1．As for the accident，both of two sides are in the wrong．
2．His secretary will have to take on most of his work while he's gone．
3．I thought what the police did was meant to protect people．
4．The little girl was at a loss when words came that she failed to pass the test．
5．We will be able to smooth out our differences in order to finish the project soon．
Ⅲ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
Friendships are very important to teenagers．Friendships provide teenagers with chances to develop social skills．Teenagers can learn how to end a fight and still remain friends．Friends provide fun and excitement for teenagers through games．Friends also give advice to one another．Teenagers talk through lots of problems with their friends．Friendships also provide help during times of difficulty．It is helpful for teenagers to have a friend who is going through the same situations．
What happens when youth don't have friends？Teenagers without friends are usually more lonely and unhappy．They will have lower levels of grades and lower confidence．As they get older，they are more apt to drop out of school．
As kids move into their teenager years，friends and friendships play an important role in their lives as a way of getting personal enjoyment and social learning．
Most teenagers will have friends who their parents either like or dislike．However，it is important to keep in mind that one way teenagers can truly learn how to choose and keep friends is through personal experience，which is sure to have some mistakes．Parents should not be too hard on teenagers when they choose friends who are not good enough or when their friendship fails．Remember，every social experience helps teenagers to learn about different people and improve social skills．
As parents，it is important to encourage friendships among teenagers．However，it is important to know who your teenagers' friends are and to communicate openly about changes in friendships with your teenagers．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。友谊对青少年来说非常重要。青少年在交友过程中可能会犯错误，但是家长不要太苛刻。通过这些交友经历，青少年的社交能力能得到锻炼。
1．How many advantages of friends and friendships are mentioned in the first paragraph
A．Three． B．Four．
C．Five． D．Six．
B [细节理解题。第一段点明主题，列出了四个有关朋友和友谊的益处，分别是：Friendships provide teenagers with chances to develop social skills；Friends provide fun and excitement．．．；Friends also give advice to one another；Friendships also provide help．．．。故选B。]
2．What does the underlined sentence probably mean
A．They get better grades and leave school earlier．
B．They have a lower chance of leaving school earlier．
C．They have a higher chance of leaving school earlier．
D．They are good at dealing with social problems after school．
C [句意猜测题。第二段主要从反面论证朋友的重要性。画线部分所在句子的前一句提到如果没有朋友，青少年的学习成绩会差，自信心会不足。画线部分所在句子继续论证没有朋友的坏处，根据上下文句意可知，此处应该是指青少年更容易辍学。故选C。]
3．Who are the most possible readers of the passage
A．Teachers． B．Teenagers．
C．Researchers． D．Parents．
D [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Parents should not be too hard on teenagers．．．”以及最后一段可知，本文主要是向家长介绍朋友对青少年的重要作用。故选D。]
4．What is the best title for the passage
A．Friendship May Be Dangerous
B．Friendship Is Important to Teenagers
C．Parents Should Choose Friends for Their Children
D．Parents' Advice Is Important to Teenagers' Friendship
B [标题归纳题。第一段第一句即点明主题：友谊对青少年来说非常重要；再结合全文内容可知，本文主要是围绕着朋友和友谊对青少年的重要性展开叙述的。故选B。]
Ⅳ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
One little girl in Dayton，Maine，has unknowingly changed the culture of her school when she became the first and only deaf student to attend．
Morey Belanger，6，was diagnosed(诊断) with a rare disease when she was one year old．The disease is so rare that it doesn't even have a name．One of the side effects the disease can bring about is 1 loss，which Morey has already suffered．Therefore，she has to use sign language (手语) to 2 ．
When she reached the age to go to school，her parents were 3 about how she could receive education in normal schools． 4 ，they met with Dayton Consolidated School．The school was 5 to learn sign language and provide the services she needed．
Still，Morey's mother Shannon only 6 that the teachers teaching her daughter would learn sign language．Never did she imagine that all the students would also learn it．“It makes our whole family just 7 ．” Shannon says．
Apart from her classroom，Morey also goes to the gym class and the library，and people throughout the school are trying their best to 8 what's best to her．
The school made efforts to make Morey feel she was 9 and loved．For example，it hung sign language posters in the hallway and held parties at which sign language 10 were given．
“We did these things because they are the 11 things to do．She is one of our students，” says Kim Sampietro，the school's headteacher．
But even if these things were simply the right ones to do，nobody at the school could deny(否认) the 12 that Morey and the need to learn sign language have had on the school．
“She's just brought something to our school that wouldn't have been there．I think it's a chance for learning and growth when we have a child who has something 13 ，” says Sampietro，“She'll be with the same class through the 5th grade，so I imagine all these kids will 14 to learn sign language．It just makes her feel like she's part of the school and she's 15 as she is．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了失去听力的莫雷在一所学校学习时，学校为了使她融入到学校生活中，让其他所有学生学习手语的故事。
1．A．hearing B．sight
C．weight D．memory
A [考查名词。句意：这种疾病可能带来的副作用之一是听力丧失，莫雷已经遭受了听力丧失。根据后文“Therefore，she has to use sign language”可知，莫雷需要学习手语，由此推断出她是听力受到损伤。故选A项。]
2．A．speak B．practice
C．fight D．communicate
D [考查动词。句意：因此，她不得不用手语进行交流。根据前文“use sign language”及常识可知，手语是一种为有听力障碍的人所设立的语言，由此推断出，她学习手语是为了交流。故选D项。]
3．A．certain B．alarmed
C．worried D．positive
C [考查形容词。句意：当她到了上学的年龄时，她的父母担心她如何在普通学校接受教育。根据前文“One of the side effects the disease can bring about is
loss，which Morey has already suffered．”可知，莫雷有听力障碍，由此推断出她的父母对于她如何能在普通学校接受教育是担心的。故选C项。]
4．A．Generally B．Regularly
C．Simply D．Fortunately
D [考查副词。句意：幸运的是，他们遇见了代顿联合学校。根据后文“The school was to learn sign language and provide the services she needed．”可知，该学校愿意学习手语并提供她需要的服务，这对于莫雷一家是一件幸运的事情。故选D项。]
5．A．anxious B．willing
C．concerned D．generous
B [考查形容词。句意：学校愿意学习手语并提供她需要的服务。根据后文“Never did she imagine that all the students would also learn it．”可知，她没想到的是全学校的学生都学习了手语，这说明学校愿意学习手语。故选B项。]
6．A．discovered B．expected
C．recognized D．spotted
B [考查动词。句意：尽管如此，莫雷的母亲香农只希望教她女儿的老师能学习手语。根据前文“how she could receive education in normal schools”及后文“the teachers teaching her daughter would learn sign language”可知，这是一所普通学校，而莫雷又有听力障碍，由此推断出她的母亲希望教她的老师可以学习手语。故选B项。]
7．A．surprised B．annoyed
C．moved D．stressed
C [考查形容词。句意：香农说：“这让我们全家都很感动。”根据前文“Never did she imagine that all the students would also learn it．”可知，全学校的学生都学习了手语，由此推断出这件事让莫雷一家很感动。故选C项。]
8．A．offer B．avoid
C．gather D．desire
A [考查动词。句意：除了教室，莫雷还去上了体育课，去了图书馆，整个学校的人都在尽力为她提供最好的东西。根据后文“The school made efforts to make Morey feel she was and loved．”可知，学校努力让莫雷感到自己受到了尊重和爱，由此推断出整个学校都在尽力为她提供最好的东西。故选A项。]
9．A．hated B．believed
C．challenged D．respected
D [考查动词。句意：学校努力让莫雷感到自己受到了尊重和爱。根据后文“For example，it hung sign language posters in the hallway and held parties at which sign language were given．”可知，学校在走廊里悬挂手语海报，并举办派对，进行手语表演，这些活动都体现了学校对莫雷的尊重和爱。故选D项。]
10．A．performances B．explanations
C．interviews D．themes
A [考查名词。根据前文“held parties”可知，学校会为了莫雷举办派对，由此推断出在派对上学生们会进行手语表演。故选A项。]
11．A．funny B．interesting
C．right D．simple
C [考查形容词。根据后文“even if these things were simply the right ones to do”可知，此处表示“做正确的事情”。故选C项。]
12．A．success B．effect
C．limitation D．resource
B [考查名词。句意：但是，即使这些事情只是正确的做法，学校里也没有人能否认莫雷和学习手语的必要性对学校的影响。根据后文“She's just brought something to our school that wouldn't have been there．”可知，她刚刚给我们学校带来了一些原本没有的东西，这说明莫雷和学习手语给学校带来了一定的影响。故选B项。]
13．A．extreme B．familiar
C．mental D．different
D [考查形容词。句意：我认为，当我们有一个与众不同的孩子时，这是一个学习和成长的机会。根据前文“One of the side effects the disease can bring about is loss”可知，莫雷是有听力障碍的，这说明她和其他的孩子有所不同。故选D项。]
14．A．continue B．volunteer
C．decide D．manage
A [考查动词。句意：她将在同一个班一直到五年级，所以我想所有这些孩子都会继续学习手语。根据后文“It just makes her feel like she's part of the school ”可知，学校做的一切都是为了让她觉得自己是学校的一部分，由此推断出她的同学们也会继续学习手语。故选A项。]
15．A．remained B．accepted
C．kept D．proved
B [考查动词。句意：这只是让她觉得自己是学校的一部分，她被接受了。根据前文“It just makes her feel like she's part of the school”可知，学校做的一切都是为了让她觉得自己是学校的一部分，这说明她被学校接受了。故选B项。]
Ⅴ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
As the old saying goes，“Friends are like liquor (酒): the older，the better．” Many people consider old friends to be more important than new ones．For example，if two pieces of advice 1． (give) to solve a problem，one from a new friend and the other from 2． old friend，people will prefer the latter one 3． the former one，even though the new friend's advice may be better．
I，however，disagree with the old saying，4． (believe) that new friends are not 5． (necessary) worse than old friends．It is not always right 6． (determine) your friendship by the length of time．
Once you call someone a friend，he or she must be a person 7． is reliable and whose interests are in common with 8． (you)．It is mainly his or her character and interests that make him or her your friend．It actually has little to do with time．People's appearance may change，9． their character usually stays the same．Therefore，on this point，there are no 10． (difference) between old friends and new friends．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。作者认为用时间的长短来决定友谊并不总是正确的。
1．are given [考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：例如，如果解决一个问题时有两个建议，一个来自新朋友，另一个来自老朋友，人们会更喜欢后者，而不是前者，即使新朋友的建议可能更好。根据上下文可判断，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为two pieces of advice，是复数概念，和动词give之间存在被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are given。]
2．an [考查冠词。修饰可数名词单数，表泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词old的发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。]
3．to [考查固定搭配。固定搭配：prefer．．．to．．．，意为“和……相比，更喜欢……”。故填to。]
4．believing [考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，我不同意这句老话，认为新朋友不一定比老朋友差。空处为非谓语动词作状语，和主语I之间为逻辑上的主动关系，用动词-ing形式。故填believing。]
5．necessarily [考查副词。修饰形容词worse用副词，且构成固定搭配：not necessarily，意为“未必”。故填necessarily。]
6．to determine [考查非谓语动词。句意：用时间的长短来决定友谊并不总是正确的。这里为It is ＋adj．＋to do结构，It是形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。故填to determine。]
7．that/who [考查定语从句。句意：一旦你称某人为朋友，他或她一定是一个值得信赖的人，他或她的兴趣与你的兴趣一定有共同之处。空处为定语从句的关系词，先行词为a person，引导词指代a person且在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或who引导。]
8．yours [考查代词。空处指的是your interests，用名词性物主代词。故填yours。]
9．but/yet [考查连词。句意：人们的外表可能改变，但他们的性格通常保持不变。上文“People's appearance may change”和下文“their character usually stays the same”之间存在转折关系，所以用转折连词。故填but/yet。]
10．differences [考查名词复数。句意：因此，在这一点上，老朋友和新朋友是没有区别的。本句为there be句型，谓语动词遵循就近原则，根据本句谓语are可判断，主语为名词的复数形式。故填differences。]
7 / 16Period 5 课文整体教学(Extended reading)
1．What is the text mainly about
A．The importance of friendship．
B．How to walk the “path of life”．
C．Ways to make really good friends．
D．Our thoughts and personal growth．
2．What is the first fruit of friendship
A．To comfort the heart．
B．To share our joy and sadness．
C．To respect our feelings．
D．To treasure the moments of closeness．
3．What can we learn about the second fruit of friendship
A．It's very easy to find out our own weaknesses．
B．Our own feelings can make our judgements better．
C．Our friends can help us make important decisions．
D．Our friends should deal with our problems alone．
4．How can we better walk the “path of life”？
A．By giving support to our friends．
B．By offering advice in many different ways．
C．By achieving what we want to achieve．
D．By carefully choosing friends and developing friendship．
1．extra adj．额外的，分外的，附加的n．另收费的事物；额外的事物 adv．额外，另外；特别，格外
①(教材原句)It'll take up some of my spare time，but this friendship is worth my extra time and effort． _____________
②You may be charged 10% extra for this service． ____________
③I said you'd have to be extra careful． ____________
④Optional extras include cooking classes at a top restaurant． _____________
2．failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物)；未做到；故障；倒闭
①(教材原句)The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy，sadness，success and failure． _____________
②Elgar received many honours and yet he often considered himself a failure． ____________
③There were also several accidents mainly caused by engine failures on take-off． ____________
④It is reported that business failures rose 16% last month． ____________
3．measure n．措施；程度；量；计量标准 vt．测量；(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为；估量，判定
①(教材原句)With true friends，we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure． ____________
②Measure the length and width of the gap． ____________
③It measures 20 yards from side to side． ____________
④The government warned that police would take measures to prevent the trouble． ____________
1．(学会断句)As we walk the “path of life”，we may sometimes wish to be alone/with our own thoughts，for/quiet periods of reflection/can lead to personal improvement．
[分析] 本句是一个并列复合句。_______是并列连词，连接前后两个分句。第一个分句是复合句，其中as引导_______从句，we may sometimes wish．．．为主句。
[翻译] _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2．(学会断句)Finally，it should be pointed out/ that enjoying the company of a crowd /is not the same as /being with friends．
[分析] 本句是一个复合句。it是形式主语，________引导的主语从句是真正的主语；从句中的主语是动词-ing形式短语________________________。
[翻译] _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
1．(续写佳句)
①However，when we seek to be alone，we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world．(读后续写之心理活动描写)
然而，当我们试图独处时，我们必须小心，不要总是逃避到自己的世界里去。
②More often than not，close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel．(读后续写之比喻场景描写)
通常，亲密的友谊将有助于铺平我们注定要走的时而崎岖的道路。
③Through friendship，we can become happier，wiser and more satisfied humans．(读后续写之人物特点描写)
通过友谊，我们可以成为更快乐、更明智、更满足的人。
2．(应用文佳句)
①Tim and I talked a lot about his problems today，and I'm so glad that I could help my best friend．(应用文写作之提供帮助)
蒂姆和我今天谈了很多关于他的问题，我很高兴我能帮助我最好的朋友。
②In my opinion，the following qualities form the basis of a friendship．(应用文写作之表达看法)
在我看来，下列品质构成了友谊的基础。
1．quality n．品德，素质；质量；特征 adj．优质的，高质量的
(1)of high/good/top quality 质量优
of low/bad/poor quality 质量差
in quality 质量上
(2)quantity n． 数量
a large quantity of＝large quantities of 许多，大量
[名师点津] quality作“质量”讲时通常用作不可数名词；而作“品质”讲时多用作可数名词。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Wine________high quality costs more than that of poor quality．
②All the tractors except this are good________quality．
③We can supply large________ (quantity) of these goods．
④每天他确保新鲜蔬菜和高质量的食用油用于烹调。
Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and________________________ are used for cooking．
2．respect vt．尊重，尊敬 n．尊敬，敬意；重视；方面，细节
(1)respect sb．for．．． 因……尊敬某人
(2)show/have respect for．．． 对……表示尊重/尊敬
give/send one's respects to．．． 代某人向……问候
(3)out of respect for．．． 出于对……的尊敬；顾及……
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①In China，we attach great importance to showing respect_________ the elderly．
②China is developing very rapidly in all_________ (respect) and we're all proud of our motherland．
③Please send them my_________ (respect) when you write to your family．
④人人尊敬的老教授决心为国家做出重大的贡献。
With_________________，the old professor decided to make great contributions to the country．
3．measure vt．测量；(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为；判定，估量 n．量；计量单位；措施；程度
(1)measure．．．by．．． 用……来衡量……
be measured by/in．．． 用……来计算/衡量
(2)take measures (to do sth．) 采取措施(做某事)
made to measure 量身定制的
[名师点津] measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有……长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时；若此意义的短语作后置定语，要用动词-ing形式。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The new bridge under construction，__________ (measure) twice as long as the old one，is due to be completed in 2026．
②We must take effective__________ (measure) to reduce crime in the area．
③You'll need to get a suit made_________ measure．
④该到了我们采取措施防止空气污染的时候了。
It's high time that we_________________________ prevent air from being polluted．
4．reflection n．沉思；反射；映像；反映
(1)on reflection 仔细想来，经过慎重考虑
without reflection 不 假思索地
(2)reflect vi． 认真思考
vt． 思考；映射；反射
reflect on/upon 思考，反省
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①After days of_____________ (reflect)，she decided to write back．
②When the sun's rays hit the earth，a lot of the heat_____________ (reflect) back into space．
③The man was lying on the grass，________ (reflect) on what happened that day．
④虽然一开始这个消息令我震惊，但经过认真思考，我觉得它很有道理。
While the news at first shocked me，________________________．
5．benefit n．优势，益处，成效 vt．使受益 vi．得益于
(1)benefit from/by．．． 从……中获益；得益于……
for the benefit of sb．＝ for sb．'s benefit 为了某人的利益
(2)beneficial adj． 有益的；有利的
be beneficial to ．．．＝be of benefit to．．． 对……有益
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The students_____________(benefit) most from college are those who take full advantage of the college's chances and resources．
②China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for___________ benefit of all its citizens．
③Anger is rarely looked upon as a__________ (benefit) character feature，and is usually advised to reduce it．
④自你们到我们学校参加交流活动以来已经两周了，这项交流活动对我们都有益处。
It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program，which
________________________．
6．comfort vt．宽慰，抚慰 n．舒服；安慰；令人感到安慰的人(或事物)
(1)in comfort 舒适地；放松地
be a comfort to sb． 对某人来说是个安慰
It's a comfort to do sth． 做某事是一种安慰
(2)comfort sb．(with sth．)＝give comfort to sb．(with sth．) (用……)安慰某人
(3)comfortable adj． 舒服的；安逸的
comfortably adv． 舒适地
[名师点津] comfort作“舒适；安慰”讲时，为不可数名词，但作“令人安慰的人或事物”讲时，则为可数名词，前面常出现不定冠词a。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①You must keep these points in mind when__________ (comfort) others with words．
②Even if he was in trouble，he was still happy，which was a great comfort__________
me．
③Lie down on your bed and make yourself_________ (comfort)．
④就我个人而言，在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真舒服。
As far as I am concerned，drinking a cup of hot milk in cold nights is_____________．
7．admire vt．钦佩；欣赏
(1)admire sb．for (doing) sth． 因(做)某事而钦佩某人
(2)admiration n． 钦佩；赞赏
express/have admiration for．．． 钦佩……
with/in admiration 赞赏地
(3)admirable adj． 令人钦佩的，令人羡慕的，值得赞赏的
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Her excellent performance filled me with_________ (admire)．
②He_________ (admire) the way she had dealt with life．
③She did an__________ (admire) job of holding the audience's attention．
④我不同意她的意见，但是我赞赏她的恪守原则。
I don't agree with her，but I__________________________________．
find＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．
(教材P39)We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own．
我们常常发现承认别人的不足比承认自己的不足容易得多。
(1)“find＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．”中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。
(2)能用于本句型的动词还有feel，make，think，consider等。
(3)不用形式宾语时也可用“find ＋一般宾语＋宾补”。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子
①Even the best writers sometimes find themselves_________ (lose) for words．
②Later she________________ (发现不可能)to finish the whole work in two days．
③I________________________________(发现这个问题很容易解决)．
④我发现和你的家人在一起很开心。
I__________________________．
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．I find_________ hard to believe that he would do such a thing．
2．A large number of students will benefit_________ the new teaching method．
3．Education shouldn't_____________ (measure) only by examination results．
4．Ned put his arm around the little boy，trying______________ (comfort) him．
5．He could only spend two hours a day on the project，but his devotion to duty is worth_____________ (respect)．
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．那棵参天大树在时间的流逝中衡量着自己的力量，它高高地伸向高空，仿佛用它的树枝触摸天界。(读后续写之景物描写)
The towering tree measured its strength against the passing of time，reaching high into the sky_________________________________．
2．她有一颗充满关怀的心，总是试图为有需要的人提供宽慰，周围的许多人都从她的善良和慷慨中受益。(读后续写之人物描写)
With a heart full of care，she always tries to___________________________ and many people around______________________________．
3．尽管她尽了最大的努力，但她发现无法压制无休止的怀疑和不安全感，这让她觉得自己陷入了极大的焦虑之中。(读后续写之心理活动描写)
Despite her best efforts，she___________________________the endless doubts and insecurities，leaving her feeling trapped in horrible anxiety．
4．在这充满挑战的旅程中，我想对您的支持和指导表示诚挚的感谢和最深切的敬意。(应用文写作之表达感谢)
I would like to___________________________________________ and guidance throughout this challenging journey．
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
When we walk the “path of life”，sometimes friendship can help us 1．____________ (smooth) out the rocky road that we 2．____________ (mean) to travel．Generally speaking，close friendships have three main 3．________ (benefit)．The first is that they can get the heart 4．________ (comfort) because of the peace coming from friends with 5．________ we share our joy，sadness，success and 6．________ (fail)．The second is that we may have better understanding and 7．________ (judge) through conversations with well-meaning friends．The third is that they can help us achieve the goals 8．________ many different ways．Finally，if we want to 9．________ (well) walk the “path of life” with the comfort，advice and help from our 10．________ (trust) friends，we should choose friends and develop relationships carefully．
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