【学霸笔记】Unit 8 SectionA GF-4c 教学课件 初中英语五四制鲁教版八年级上册

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Section A Grammar Focus-4c
Unit 8
I've had this bike for three years.
—How long has she had that toy bear
—She has had that toy bear for more
than 6 years.
她买那个玩具熊多久了？
买了六年多了。
情 境 导 入
Free talk
—How long has he worked
as a policeman
—He has worked as a
policeman for ten years.
——他当警察多久了？(work)
——十年了。
Free talk
情 境 导 入
— How long have you known Jack
— We have known each other
since we are primary school students.
-你认识Jack多久了？（know）
-我们从小学就认识了。
Free talk
情 境 导 入
—Have you had your lunch yet
—Yes. I had it half an hour ago.
——你已经吃完午饭了吗？
——是的。我半个小时前吃的。
Free talk
情 境 导 入
1. 那边那辆自行车你骑了多久了？
__________ have you had that bike over there
2. 我已经骑了三年了。
I’ve had it ________________.
How long
for three years
3. 他的儿子拥有火车和轨道多久了？
_________________________ the train and railway set
4. 他从四岁生日时就有了。
He’s owned it _________________________.
since his fourth birthday
How long has his son owned
5. 你踢过足球吗？
______________ played football
6. 是的，当我小的时候踢过。但是现在已经有好一阵没有踢过了。
Yes, I did when I was little, but I _____________ for a while now.
Have you ever
haven’t played
新 课 探 究
1) 现在完成时的特殊疑问句的结构：
_______ + have/has+主语+过去分词+其他成分
How long
新 课 探 究
2) for + _________ (时间点/时间段）：
指某个动作或情况到现在为止持续了多久
时间段
新 课 探 究
3) since + _________ (时间点/时间段）：
指某个动作或情况从过去某个时间点一直持续到现在
时间点
新 课 探 究
表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for+时间段”、“since+过去时间点”、“since+过去时的从句”、“since+一段时间+ago”、“It is +一段时间+ since+一般过去时的从句”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。
Present Perfect Tense
现在完成时
新 课 探 究
for 和 since 有时候可以互换：
for + 时间段
=
since + 时间段+ ago
新 课 探 究
注意点:非延续性动词与现在完成时
短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是：become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, come, die, fall, finish, get to know, go, join, leave, marry等。为了表述这种意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词have，keep等来代替非延续性动词。
新 课 探 究
与how long,for 或者since 搭配使用
现在完成时中的动词有什么特点：
A：How long has Mary left ？
How long has Mary been away？
B：Maria has come back since Monday.
Maria has been back since Monday.
C：Tony has bought the computer for 2 years.
Tony has had the computer for 2 years.
当用现在完成时的肯定句和how long 引导的疑问句表示持续性动作和状态时应该使用______(持续性/非持续性）动词
持续
短暂性动词(come, go, leave, buy …)可
以用于现在完成时。但不能用于带有
for或是since的肯定句中。
He has left Beijing for a week.
He has not left Beijing yet.
常见的非延续性动词如何转换成延续性动词
buy — have had
leave — have been away
come back — have been back
join — have been a member of
常见的非延续性动词如何转换成延续性动词
borrow — have kept
die — have been dead
begin— have been on
open— have been opened
转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词”
begin / start — be on leave — be away
go out — be out close — be closed
open — be open die — be dead
get to/arrive/reach — be (in)
finish — be over fall sleep — be asleep
join — be in/be a member of
become — be make friends — be friends
come/go/ — be+相应的介词短语
新 课 探 究
1） Mary ____________( has been/ has become) a doctor for 10 years. She likes her job very much.
2) We are late. The movie ____________
(has started/has been to ) for 10 minutes.
has been
has been to
新 课 探 究
3) Ken, you should return the book to the library. You ___________(have borrowed/have kept) it for more than 2 weeks.
4) I _________( have bought/have had) this bike since I was 10, so I want to buy a new one.
have kept
have had
4a
Rewrite the sentences using for or since.
Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago.
2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.
3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009.
4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago.
5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.
They have been hungry for ten hours/since ten hours ago.
Jim has been in Japan for three days/since three days ago.
I have had a camera since 2009.
I have known Ann for three years/since three years ago.
Linda has been ill since Monday.
新 课 探 究
1. I _________________ (never be) to the water park before. I want to _____ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold.
have never been
go
4b
Look and say
新 课 探 究
2. They _________________ (never own) any pets, but they ___________ (always want) to have a dog.
have never owned
always want
3. We _________ (have) a piano since last November. We _________ (buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.
have had
bought
新 课 探 究
4. Cathy and Amy ______________ (not be) back to their hometown for two years. They _________ (miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.
haven’t been
miss
新 课 探 究
5. This museum ___________ (be) here for over 20 years. It _______ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.　　
has been
is
新 课 探 究
1. Do you have a(n) _______ How long have you had it
2. Do you own a(n) _______ How long have you owned it
新 课 探 究
课 堂 小 结
Summary
1. 现在完成时的特殊疑问句的结构：
疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词
+ 其他成分。询问时间长短的疑问词
用how long。
2. 介词for后接一段时间，指某个动作或
情况到现在为止已持续了多久。
3. since有两种用法，分别是：
① 作为介词，接一个时间名词；
② 作为连词，引导一个时间状语从句。
since表示“自……以来”，指某个动作或情况从过去某一点时间一直持续到现在。
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