Period 4 单元语法讲练(Discovering Useful Structures)
美文诵读 语法体悟
Lucy：I haven't seen you recently．What are you doing these days Tom：I am doing research on how to keep healthy． Lucy：①You have never done such research before，have you Tom：Yes，I have read some papers on this topic and also attended a lecture． Lucy：②The lecture is very useful to your research，isn't it Tom：Yes，it is．It is also inspiring． Lucy：③It inspires you to find more information about the topic，doesn't it Tom：Yes，it does． ①前一部分You have never done such research before是陈述句式，后一部分have you是疑问句式 ②前一部分The lecture is very useful to your research是陈述句式，后一部分isn't it是疑问句式 ③前一部分It inspires you to find more information about the topic是陈述句式，后一部分doesn't it是疑问句式
附加疑问句
附加疑问句是对陈述句所叙述的事情提出相反疑问的问句。主要表示以礼貌或委婉的语气提出要求、询问或确认信息等。
一、附加疑问句的构成
1．构成原则
前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定。
2．类型
(1)肯定式陈述部分＋否定附加疑问部分
You often play badminton，don't you
你经常打羽毛球，不是吗？
(2)否定式陈述部分＋肯定附加疑问部分
It's not a real sport，is it
这不是一个真正的运动，是吗？
(3)祈使句＋附加疑问部分
①祈使句＋will you？(为了使祈使句听起来更委婉、客气，附加疑问部分还可以用would you，won't you，can you，could you，can't you等)
Have another cup of coffee，will you
再喝杯咖啡，好吗？
Don't sit here，will you
不要坐在这里，好吗？
②以Let's开头的祈使句，其附加疑问部分用“shall we”或“shan't we”；以Let us/me开头的祈使句，其附加疑问部分用“will you”。
Let's go and listen to the music，shall we
我们去听音乐，好吗？
Let us wait in the reading room，will you
让我们在阅览室等，好吗？
用附加疑问句补全句子
①He bought a new book，____________？
②You haven't finished your homework yet，____________？
③The song in the movie is really beautiful，____________？
二、附加疑问句的特殊情况
1．陈述部分有no，nothing，nor，never，few，seldom，hardly，rarely，little等表示否定意义的词时，附加疑问部分一般用肯定形式。
Eric made no answer，did he
埃里克没有答复，是吗？
2．陈述部分含有带否定前缀的词不影响附加疑问部分的形式。
It is impossible，isn't it
那是不可能的，不是吗？
3．陈述部分的主语是 everything，anything，nothing，this，that等时，附加疑问部分的主语用it。
Everything is ready，isn't it
一切都准备好了，不是吗？
4．陈述部分的主语是 everybody，anyone，somebody，nobody，no one，these，those等时，附加疑问部分的主语常用they，有时也用单数he。
Everyone knows the answer，don't they
大家都知道答案，不是吗？
5．陈述部分含有must时，附加疑问部分因must后动词的类属和时态的不同而不同。
He must be a doctor，isn't he
他一定是个医生，不是吗？(表示猜测)
You must have studied English for three years，haven't you
你一定学过三年英语，不是吗？(对发生在过去但对现在造成影响的动作进行推测)
He must have finished the task yesterday，didn't he
昨天，他一定完成了那项任务，不是吗？(陈述部分中出现了具体的表示过去的时间状语，附加疑问部分要用一般过去时)
6．当陈述部分为 there be结构时，附加疑问部分也应由 there和be构成。
There's no water，is there
没有水了，是吗？
7．当陈述部分带有表示“拥有”含义的have时，附加疑问部分既可用have构成，也可用do构成；但当have不表示“拥有”含义时，附加疑问部分必须用do构成。
You have a good friend，haven't/don't you
你有一个好朋友，不是吗？
We had a good time in the city，didn't we
我们在城里玩得很愉快，不是吗？
8．当陈述部分的主语是从句、动词不定式(短语)、动词 ing 形式时，附加疑问句的主语应该用it。
What the expert says is important，isn't it
专家说的很重要，不是吗？
To do one good deed is easy for a person，isn't it
做一件好事对一个人来说很容易，不是吗？
[温馨提示] 当陈述部分是“I'm sure，I'm afraid，I think/suppose/expect/imagine/believe等＋宾语从句”结构时，附加疑问部分一般与从句的主语和谓语一致，而且要注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。
I don't think he cheated in the match，did he
我认为他在比赛中没有作弊，是吗？
用附加疑问句补全句子
①Miss Li hardly has lunch at school，____________？
②Linda ate nothing this morning，__________________？
③Usually there are at least two children in a western family，____________？
④Nothing is important，____________？
⑤I don't think that you can do it，____________？
三、附加疑问句的回答
1．“肯定式陈述部分＋否定附加疑问部分”与汉语表达基本相似。
—David has been to a boxing match，hasn't he
——大卫参加过拳击比赛，不是吗？
—Yes，he has．/No，he hasn't．
——是的，他参加过。/不，他没有参加过。
2．“否定式陈述部分＋肯定附加疑问部分”与汉语表达存在差异。英语回答时只看实际情况，若答语的具体内容是肯定的就用“Yes＋肯定结构”。答语的具体内容是否定的就用“No＋否定结构”。而译成汉语时，则必须把yes译成“不是”，把no译成“是的”。
—You won't be away for long，will you
——你不会离开太久，是吗？
—Yes，I will．/—No，I won't．
——不，我会离开很久。/是的，我不会离开很久。
1/4Period 4 单元语法讲练(Discovering Useful Structures)
美文诵读 语法体悟
Lucy：I haven't seen you recently．What are you doing these days Tom：I am doing research on how to keep healthy． Lucy：①You have never done such research before，have you Tom：Yes，I have read some papers on this topic and also attended a lecture． Lucy：②The lecture is very useful to your research，isn't it Tom：Yes，it is．It is also inspiring． Lucy：③It inspires you to find more information about the topic，doesn't it Tom：Yes，it does． ①前一部分You have never done such research before是陈述句式，后一部分have you是疑问句式 ②前一部分The lecture is very useful to your research是陈述句式，后一部分isn't it是疑问句式 ③前一部分It inspires you to find more information about the topic是陈述句式，后一部分doesn't it是疑问句式
附加疑问句
附加疑问句是对陈述句所叙述的事情提出相反疑问的问句。主要表示以礼貌或委婉的语气提出要求、询问或确认信息等。
一、附加疑问句的构成
1．构成原则
前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定。
2．类型
(1)肯定式陈述部分＋否定附加疑问部分
You often play badminton，don't you
你经常打羽毛球，不是吗？
(2)否定式陈述部分＋肯定附加疑问部分
It's not a real sport，is it
这不是一个真正的运动，是吗？
(3)祈使句＋附加疑问部分
①祈使句＋will you？(为了使祈使句听起来更委婉、客气，附加疑问部分还可以用would you，won't you，can you，could you，can't you等)
Have another cup of coffee，will you
再喝杯咖啡，好吗？
Don't sit here，will you
不要坐在这里，好吗？
②以Let's开头的祈使句，其附加疑问部分用“shall we”或“shan't we”；以Let us/me开头的祈使句，其附加疑问部分用“will you”。
Let's go and listen to the music，shall we
我们去听音乐，好吗？
Let us wait in the reading room，will you
让我们在阅览室等，好吗？
用附加疑问句补全句子
①He bought a new book，didn't he
②You haven't finished your homework yet，have you
③The song in the movie is really beautiful，isn't it
二、附加疑问句的特殊情况
1．陈述部分有no，nothing，nor，never，few，seldom，hardly，rarely，little等表示否定意义的词时，附加疑问部分一般用肯定形式。
Eric made no answer，did he
埃里克没有答复，是吗？
2．陈述部分含有带否定前缀的词不影响附加疑问部分的形式。
It is impossible，isn't it
那是不可能的，不是吗？
3．陈述部分的主语是 everything，anything，nothing，this，that等时，附加疑问部分的主语用it。
Everything is ready，isn't it
一切都准备好了，不是吗？
4．陈述部分的主语是 everybody，anyone，somebody，nobody，no one，these，those等时，附加疑问部分的主语常用they，有时也用单数he。
Everyone knows the answer，don't they
大家都知道答案，不是吗？
5．陈述部分含有must时，附加疑问部分因must后动词的类属和时态的不同而不同。
He must be a doctor，isn't he
他一定是个医生，不是吗？(表示猜测)
You must have studied English for three years，haven't you
你一定学过三年英语，不是吗？(对发生在过去但对现在造成影响的动作进行推测)
He must have finished the task yesterday，didn't he
昨天，他一定完成了那项任务，不是吗？(陈述部分中出现了具体的表示过去的时间状语，附加疑问部分要用一般过去时)
6．当陈述部分为 there be结构时，附加疑问部分也应由 there和be构成。
There's no water，is there
没有水了，是吗？
7．当陈述部分带有表示“拥有”含义的have时，附加疑问部分既可用have构成，也可用do构成；但当have不表示“拥有”含义时，附加疑问部分必须用do构成。
You have a good friend，haven't/don't you
你有一个好朋友，不是吗？
We had a good time in the city，didn't we
我们在城里玩得很愉快，不是吗？
8．当陈述部分的主语是从句、动词不定式(短语)、动词-ing 形式时，附加疑问句的主语应该用it。
What the expert says is important，isn't it
专家说的很重要，不是吗？
To do one good deed is easy for a person，isn't it
做一件好事对一个人来说很容易，不是吗？
[温馨提示] 当陈述部分是“I'm sure，I'm afraid，I think/suppose/expect/imagine/believe等＋宾语从句”结构时，附加疑问部分一般与从句的主语和谓语一致，而且要注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。
I don't think he cheated in the match，did he
我认为他在比赛中没有作弊，是吗？
用附加疑问句补全句子
①Miss Li hardly has lunch at school，does she
②Linda ate nothing this morning，did she
③Usually there are at least two children in a western family，aren't there
④Nothing is important，is it
⑤I don't think that you can do it，can you
三、附加疑问句的回答
1．“肯定式陈述部分＋否定附加疑问部分”与汉语表达基本相似。
—David has been to a boxing match，hasn't he
——大卫参加过拳击比赛，不是吗？
—Yes，he has．/No，he hasn't．
——是的，他参加过。/不，他没有参加过。
2．“否定式陈述部分＋肯定附加疑问部分”与汉语表达存在差异。英语回答时只看实际情况，若答语的具体内容是肯定的就用“Yes＋肯定结构”。答语的具体内容是否定的就用“No＋否定结构”。而译成汉语时，则必须把yes译成“不是”，把no译成“是的”。
—You won't be away for long，will you
——你不会离开太久，是吗？
—Yes，I will．/—No，I won't．
——不，我会离开很久。/是的，我不会离开很久。
课时提升作业(十一)
(UNIT 3 Discovering Useful Structures)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：95.5分)
Ⅰ．选词填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．Nobody knows about it，do they？(do/don't)
2．My father had to work very late when he was young，didn't he？(hadn't/didn't)
3．Looking good is important to people，isn't it？(they/it)
4．There are many people in the room，aren't there？(there/they)
5．The thief must have entered through the back door yesterday，didn't he？(haven't /didn't)
6．They all had a good time，didn't they？(hadn't /didn't)
7．He must do the job，doesn't he？(mustn't /doesn't)
8．Don't open the door，will you？(will/do)
9．It is impossible for him to make such a mistake，isn't it？(is/ isn't)
10．You must have lived in Hollywood for many years，haven't you？(haven't/mustn't)
Ⅱ．用附加疑问句补全句子(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
1．Few people are here，are they
2．Lucy would like an apple，wouldn't she
3．There is an egg on this plate，is there
4．Everything seems all right，doesn't it
5．You must have told her about it，haven't you
6．Let's go there by bus，shall we/shan't we
7．Don't forget to give Polly some food and change some water，will you
8．No one can answer this question，can they/can he
9．He must be tired，isn't he
10．I suppose you have finished your homework，haven't you
Ⅲ．用附加疑问句补全短文(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
The Old Cat
An old woman had a cat．The cat was very old．She could not run quickly，1．could she And she could not bite，because she was too old．One day the old cat saw a mouse and she jumped and caught the mouse．She could not bite it，so the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away．
Then the old woman became very angry because the cat had not killed the mouse．She began to hit the cat．The cat said，“Do not hit your old servant，2．will you I have worked for you for many years，3．haven't I And I would work for you still，but I am too old．Let us be kind to the old，4．will you But remember what good work the old did when they were young．”
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
Trainers and parents saw children play sports at a young age and then saw them become experts．Many think the training is helpful to success．Competitive sports are good for young children because they teach children life skills，provide health benefits，and offer special chances．
To begin with，sports teach children life skills．Once a formal athlete stated，“I played soccer in high school and college and found team sports weren't just about winning，but also about developing a solid ethic (行为准则)．” In short，playing highly competitive sports teaches kids many life skills like teamwork．People will have to use teamwork for the rest of their lives，and sports can help them improve that skill．Taking part in sports can help people behave actively in life in the long run．
Sports are also good for kids because they provide health benefits．It is healthier for a kid to play a sport competitively than to waste time playing video games all day．What's more，a research group of the University of California said，“96 percent of the participants said they enjoy their sports．They're all loving life．” That is to say，playing highly competitive sports are more possible to enjoy life instead of doing something else like watching TV．
On the other hand，some people might argue that competitive sports are bad for young children because they are so time-consuming．However，the time spent does not rob(掠夺) kids of their childhood，but offers special chances．Athletes can get success to live their dream lives by playing sports．
In a word，competitive sports are good for children because they can provide wholesome (有益身心的) benefits，create new experiences，and build skills that will last a lifetime．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了体育对孩子的好处。
1．Why is the formal athlete mentioned in paragraph 2
A．To show a reason．
B．To support the idea．
C．To create the background．
D．To introduce a new point．
B [推理判断题。根据第二段中“To begin with，sports teach children life skills．”可知，该段讲的是体育运动可以让孩子们学到一些生活技能。后面一句“Once a formal athlete stated，‘I played soccer in high school and college and found team sports weren't just about winning，but also about developing a solid ethic．’”通过举一位正式运动员的例子来支持并说明这个观点。故选B。]
2．What can we learn from paragraph 3
A．Sports can only provide health benefits．
B．Most kids prefer to play video games．
C．The people enjoying sports may love life．
D．Playing highly competitive sports is boring．
C [推理判断题。根据第三段中“What's more，a research group of the University of California said，‘96 percent of the participants said they enjoy their sports．They're all loving life．’”可知，喜欢运动的人可能热爱生活。故选C。]
3．What is the author's opinion of the time that kids spend on sports according to paragraph 4
A．It is a waste of time．
B．It robs kids of their childhood．
C．It brings children many advantages．
D．It does harm to the children．
C [推理判断题。根据第四段中“However，the time spent does not rob kids of their childhood，but offers special chances．Athletes can get success to live their dream lives by playing sports．”可知，作者认为花费在运动上的时间可以给孩子们提供独特的机会。并使运动员们获得成功，过上梦想中的生活。由此可推测出，这给孩子们带来了许多好处。故选C。]
4．What does the text mainly talk about
A．The ways to play sports．
B．The reasons for playing sports．
C．The problems of kids' playing sports．
D．The benefits of kids' playing sports．
D [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了孩子们参加体育运动的好处。故选D。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Swimming is an excellent form of exercise for beginners because it is gentle on the body．It does not shake your bones or damage your joints，which is effective for weight loss．Swimming improves your cardiovascular (心血管的) fitness and flexibility． 1
If you do not know how to swim，adult lessons are often available at gyms． 2 You can learn how to more effectively work out in the pool with just a few lessons．Swimming styles include freestyle，backstroke，breaststroke and butterfly．
3 It is important that you stick to the posted guidelines，which are meant to keep the swimming pools running properly．There are different rules for different pools．But the majority request that you shower before you enter the pool． 4
You will find that there are also posted rules about using the lanes (泳道) of the pool．This simply means that the pool is divided up so multiple people can use it at the same time．At times，you may share a lane with one or more other swimmers． 5 You need to stay in the appropriate lane．Find a lane in the pool where the other swimmers are similar to you．When several swimmers are using the same lane，all swimmers swim in a counterclockwise (逆时针方向的) direction．
A．Stay in the slow lane if you're new．
B．However，it can be dangerous at times．
C．Besides，the water helps strengthen your muscles．
D．When this happens，think of it as driving on the highway．
E．If using a pool at a gym，you need follow certain pool rules．
F．This rule helps keep the pool water clean by removing body oils and sweat．
G．Even if you learned to swim as a child，you may want to consider signing up for a class．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了游泳对于人身体的益处，同时也说明了游泳时应该遵循的一些规则。
1．C [根据上文“Swimming improves your cardiovascular fitness and flexibility．”可知，此处阐述的是游泳的好处。C项进一步说明游泳的好处，能承接上文，符合语境，其中Besides表明上下文的递进关系。故选C。]
2．G [根据上文“If you do not know how to swim，adult lessons are often available at gyms．”可知，本空应继续谈论关于“报名学习游泳”的话题，G项能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。]
3．E [根据下文“It is important that you stick to the posted guidelines，which are meant to keep the swimming pools running properly．”可知，本空谈论的是关于“遵守规则”话题。E项能引起下文，符合题意，且E项中“rules”与下文“guidelines”相呼应。故选E。]
4．F [根据上文“But the majority request that you shower before you enter the pool．”可知，本空应谈论“要求进入游泳池前淋浴”的原因。F项符合语境，说明了进入游泳池前淋浴的原因。故选F。]
5．D [根据上文“At times，you may share a lane with one or more other swimmers．”以及下文“You need to stay in the appropriate lane．”可知，上下文间缺少过渡句，D项承上启下，说明了要留在合适泳道上的原因，D项中“this”指代的是上文“共享泳道”这一情况。故选D。]
Ⅲ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
In high school，I did a scientific experiment．The experiment made me 1 that science could teach us a lot．It teaches us the 2 so we know where we are from．That day，I firmly 3 to be a scientist．Ever since that day，I have studied harder 4 in all my science-related subjects．After school，I did much research on how I can become a 5 scientist in the future．
One of my 6 in becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock，who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine．At 25，she already had her PhD in botany．After that，she started her 7 as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) and she 8 herself to that research for the rest of her life．
If I am lucky and given the 9 to achieve my ambition as a scientist，I want to be like Doctor McClintock．She 10 something that helped the other scientists 11 the things about genetics (遗传学)．
I know I will be able to achieve my 12 as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it．If I achieve my goal，I will share my 13 of success with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists．My future will be as 14 as the stars in the night sky．However，my future is still far．I will make the most of the 15 to achieve my greatest ambition of becoming a scientist．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在中学某次做实验的时候，发现科学能够教会我们很多东西，自此作者立志成为一名科学家。
1．A．doubt B．wonder
C．realize D．value
C [根据下文“that science could teach us a lot”以及“It teaches us the ________ so we know where we are from．”可知，这里讲述了科学教会我们的具体内容，所以此处是指实验让作者意识到了科学能教给我们很多东西。故选C。]
2．A．school B．origin
C．growth D．study
B [根据下文“so we know where we are from”可知，科学告诉了我们起源。故选B。]
3．A．refused B．volunteered
C．continued D．decided
D [上文讲述了作者通过做实验发现了科学能传授许多东西给人们；下文“I have studied harder ________ in all my science-related subjects”提到作者更加努力地去学习与科学有关的所有学科，所以此处是指作者决定成为一名科学家。故选D。]
4．A．especially B．possibly
C．properly D．separately
A [上文讲述了作者决定成为一名科学家，所以此处是指作者尤其会更努力地学习与科学相关的所有学科。故选A。]
5．A．happy B．popular
C．real D．careful
C [上文讲述了作者决定成为一名科学家并为之付诸努力，所以此处是指作者去研究如何成为一名真正的科学家。故选C。]
6．A．experiences B．experiments
C．generations D．inspirations
D [根据下文具体介绍的科学家Barbara McClintock可知，她是作者变成科学家的动力之一。故选D。]
7．A．choice B．career
C．praise D．tradition
B [根据下文“ the development of maize cytogenetics”可知，此处是指她从事的事业的具体领域。故选B。]
8．A．devoted B．invited
C．limited D．reduced
A [根据下文“for the rest of her life”可知，Barbara McClintock把余生都奉献给了这项研究。故选A。]
9．A．reason B．freedom
C．right D．opportunity
D [根据下文“I want to be like Doctor McClintock”和上文的“lucky”可知，此处表示将来未发生的，所以是被给予成为科学家的机会。故选D。]
10．A．heard B．expected
C．discovered D．awarded
C [根据下文“something that helped the other scientists”并结合语境可知，此处是指她发现的一些东西帮助了其他科学家。故选C。]
11．A．set out B．figure out
C．stick out D．take out
B [根据句意可知，此处是指McClintock博士所发现的东西帮助其他科学家弄清楚了关于遗传学的内容。故选B。]
12．A．dream B．reward
C．fame D．stage
A [根据上文的“achieve”可知，A选项符合题意，achieve one's dream“实现某人的梦想”。故选A。]
13．A．fortune B．location
C．light D．secret
D [根据下文“of success with all the kids”及语境可知，作者会和孩子们分享成功的秘诀。故选D。]
14．A．bright B．curious
C．proud D．brave
A [作者把自己的未来比作天上的星星，所以应该是明亮的。故选A。]
15．A．lesson B．present
C．mind D．heart
B [上文讲到作者的未来还很遥远，所以此处应是指作者会充分把握好现在去实现未来的目标。故选B。]
Ⅳ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Exercise is one of the best 1．________(thing)you can do for health．But how about your sleep The answer is that being active during 2．________ day can improve sleep at night．
People who exercise 3．________(regular)get better sleep than those who don't．Exercise 4．________(increase)chemicals which can raise the body temperature．That may lead to the fall of body temperature at night，allowing people 5．________(experience)deeper sleep．
For most people，the time 6．_____________ they take exercise doesn't matter．However，late afternoon might be the best choice for too much exercise．Morning might be a choice 7．_____________(prefer)by people for ongoing training．And make it a regular part of your routine to keep up once the best type of exercise for yourself 8．________(decide)．
As for the amount of exercise，it is wise to work 9．________ about 150 minutes every week，or about 30 minutes each day，five days a week．Little things you do all day long can add up，from taking the stairs to walking instead of driving．Try to spend fewer minutes 10．________(sit) all day．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了运动与睡眠之间的关系。
1．things [考查名词复数。thing为可数名词，且其前有one of修饰，所以应用名词复数。故填things。]
2．the [考查冠词。during the day意为“在白天”，为固定搭配。故填the。]
3．regularly [考查词性转换。空处应用副词修饰动词exercise。regularly意为“有规律地，经常”。故填regularly。]
4．increases [考查时态和主谓一致。文章时态为一般现在时，且主语Exercise为不可数名词，应填单数第三人称形式。故填increases。]
5．to experience [考查非谓语动词。allow sb．to do sth．意为“允许某人做某事”。故填to experience。]
6．when [考查定语从句。分析句子，空处引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词the time，且从句中缺少时间状语，所以应用关系副词when。故填when。]
7．preferred [考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语a choice和prefer之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填preferred。]
8．is decided/has been decided [考查时态、语态和主谓一致。once引导的是一个时间状语从句，主语the best type of exercise和decide之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，助动词应用单数形式。根据句意，这里表示一旦决定了对自己最好的锻炼方式，可用一般现在时的被动语态，表示现实情况，也可用现在完成时的被动语态，表示动作已完成。故填is decided/has been decided。]
9．out [考查固定搭配。动词短语work out意为“锻炼”。故填out。 ]
10．sitting [考查非谓语动词。spend time (in)doing sth．意为“花……时间做某事”，动词-ing形式作宾语。故填sitting。]
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