课时提升作业(十五)
基础过关
Ⅰ．1．supplies 2．aid 3．emergency 4．summary 5．waves
Ⅱ．1．was having 2．be struck 3．effective 4．survival 5．was supplied
Ⅲ．1．crashed into 2．on hand 3．carry out 4．millions of
Ⅳ．1．were having math class when 2．It struck us that
3．made every effort to calm us down
Ⅴ．1．A powerful wave 2．struck 3．serious crash 4．calmness 5．to deliver 6．had a positive effect 7．With 8．swept away 9．summarized
能力提升
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A B D C A C B C
Ⅱ．【参考范文】
A Fire Drill in Our School
In order to raise our safety awareness，our school held a fire drill last Saturday afternoon．All the teachers and students took part in the drill．
At first，some firefighters were invited to give a speech．They showed us what to do in case of a fire，how to prevent the fire and how to use different kinds of firefighting equipment．Then a fire drill was held．As soon as the alarm rang，all of us students ran downstairs in order．We finally got together at the playground safely，where our teachers were waiting for us．
Through the drill，we have learned how to escape in an emergency．I think it is important for us to remain calm and know what to do．
Ⅲ．【参考范文】
After a brief discussion, Mum and Dad made a decision．They believed that they should stay in the house．They thought it would be really dangerous to try to walk through the water to get to higher ground．“Mary，we'll have to go upstairs and wait there，” said Mum．“OK，Mum．If that's what you think is best，” Mary replied uncertainly．So they went upstairs and waited．Downstairs，water started flooding into the living room and kitchen．All three of them were nervous，but at least they had disaster supplies，including food and drinking water．
Finally, the rain stopped．But Mary and her family couldn't leave while the house was still flooded．They listened to the radio and learnt that rescue workers in boats were coming to rescue people who were trapped in their homes．They waited for a boat to arrive at their house．Their home had been badly damaged，but they were all happy to be alive．About half an hour later，the boat arrived and took Mary and her parents to a safe place．
能力提升
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球极端火灾频发的原因，并呼吁大家积极采取应对措施。
1．A [推理判断题。根据第一段内容：全球发生一些极端火灾的条件已经增加了3到20倍。加拿大发生了破纪录的大火，纽约的天空变成了橙色和灰色。欧盟有记录以来最大的火灾在希腊造成19人死亡，亚马孙西部的火灾给当地城镇带来了肮脏的空气。2024年8月，我们刚刚在希腊雅典经历了一场极具破坏性的野火季节。由此可知，第一段主要列举了发生极端火灾的国家或地区，所以是以举例方式展开的。故选A。]
2．B [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘At 200 square kilometres，this year's fires in Greece are much smaller than the 900 square kilometres burned last fire season，but it would count as an extreme fire，because of its closeness to and potential damage to people，’ said author Dr． Joe McNorton．”可知，希腊今年的火灾面积远小于上一火灾季的面积，但由于该火灾靠近人类居住区，并且可能对人们造成伤害，带来了有害的影响，因此也算是极端火灾。故选B。]
3．D [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They find climate change is the key factor．Warmer temperatures dry out forests，which make a fire more likely to spread．It can also cause more plants to grow，which provides more fuel for the fire．”可知，科学家发现气候变暖是造成极端火灾数量增加的关键因素。故选D。]
4．C [词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“To tackle the problem，leaders should consider protecting forest boundaries，reducing the amount of natural fuel fire，imposing fire bans on high risk days，and investing more in early warning prediction systems．”可知，采取上述这些措施都是为了处理极端火灾频发的问题，因此，tackle 意为“处理”的意思。故选C。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作为大自然的一部分，洪水对于生态系统既有好处也有坏处。
5．A [词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中“Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks，which makes the water dirty．”以及“preventing the river from flowing”可知，洪水会沿途吸收泥土，而太多的泥土会堵塞河道，以至于河水流淌出现困难。由此可推测此处的clog的意思应该是“堵塞”。故选A。]
6．C [细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“However，not everything about floods is bad．．．to improve the dirt and helps plants grow．”可知，洪水沿途所携带的营养物质可以使土壤更肥沃，从而更好地帮助生态系统。故选C。]
7．B [段落大意题。根据文章第三段中“However，not everything about floods is bad．Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems．”、“Floods are important to some animals as well．”以及“Moreover，in dry seasons，water might dry up．．．keeping the ecosystem going．”可知，文章第三段主要讲的是洪水对于生态系统的好处。故选B。]
8．C [标题归纳题。通读全文，可以看到文章第二段主要讲洪水对于生态系统的不利的方面，第三段主要讲洪水对于生态系统的益处，文章最后一段“Floods are a part of nature．．．need floods to survive．”总结全文，点明主题——洪水是大自然的一部分。所以“洪水是大自然的一部分”作为标题最合适。故选C。]
1/3课时提升作业(十五)
(UNIT 4 Reading for Writing & Writing)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：105分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．Food and water (供应) were difficult to get after the volcanic eruption．
2．We should learn some knowledge about first (救助)，so we can rescue some injured people．
3．You can tap on pipes or whistle to ask for help in case of (紧急情况)．
4．In (总结)，you should be brave when you are faced with disasters．
5．The captain led all the athletes to the beach to listen to the wash of (海浪)．
Ⅱ．单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．I (have) a discussion with my friend about how to improve my English when my mother called me．
2．The area used to (strike) by sandstorms．
3．What's more，it is another (effect) way to deal with the problem．
4．Those people trapped in the traffic jam greatly need fresh food and water for (survive)．
5．I (supply) with some good advice on how to ease my stress，so I was grateful to him．
Ⅲ．短语填空(共4小题；每小题1.5分，满分6分)
on hand，crash into，carry out，millions of
1．The driver lost control of the car on the slippery road and a truck．
2．Always have your dictionary when you study because it is very convenient for you to refer to it．
3．They are going to have a meeting to determine who will the plan．
4．There are people from all over the world coming to visit the Great wall every year．
Ⅳ．完成句子(共3小题；每小题2分，满分6分)
1．我们正在上数学课，这时我们感到地面在摇晃。
We we felt the ground shaking．
2．我们突然意识到可能发生地震了。
maybe an earthquake happened．
3．我们老师竭力使我们镇静下来。
Our teacher ．
Ⅴ．补全短文(共9小题；每小题2分，满分18分)
1． (一个强大的海浪) in Japan 2． (strike) the shore，which caused a 3． (严重的冲击)．But the 4． (calm) of the local people was not shaken．Rescue teams quickly arrived 5． (deliver) help．Their efforts 6． (产生了积极的影响) on the local people and greatly encouraged them．7． the aid of rescuers，the local people 8． (彻底清除) those broken trees that blocked the road．The government assessed the damage and 9． (summary) the situation for better rescue operations．
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
The conditions for some extreme fires in recent years have increased by 3 and 20 times globally．Record breaking fires burned in Canada and turned the skies far away in New York orange and grey．The largest recorded fires in the European Union killed 19 people in Greece，and fires in western Amazonia brought dirty air to local towns．And we just went through a super destructive wildfire season in Athens，Greece，in August 2024．
A major report shows that the amount of carbon emissions (碳排放) from wildfires between 2023 and 2024 was 8.2 billion tons of CO2．Forest wildfires would release more carbon emissions，pose a higher risk to people，and take longer to recover．
There is no single definition of what fire can be an extreme fire．It could be measured by burned area，intensity，or how unusual they are．“At 200 square kilometres，this year's fires in Greece are much smaller than the 900 square kilometres burned last fire season，but it would count as an extreme fire，because of its closeness to and potential damage to people，” said author Dr． Joe McNorton．
When this big wildfire tears through Athens，scientists in Europe are racing to understand why extreme fires like this are becoming more common．They find climate change is the key factor．Warmer temperatures dry out forests，which make a fire more likely to spread．It can also cause more plants to grow，which provides more fuel (燃料) for the fire．Humans also influence fires，like starting them themselves，breaking up the landscape，or how well they fight them．
Dr． Joe says the report will both guide preparations for wildfires，and help the world understand the simple fact that fires will keep getting worse until fossil fuels are replaced with renewable energy sources．To tackle the problem，leaders should consider protecting forest boundaries，reducing the amount of natural fuel fire，imposing fire bans on high risk days，and investing more in early warning prediction systems．
1．How is paragraph 1 developed
A．By giving examples．
B．By making comparisons．
C．By discussing solutions．
D．By explaining causes．
2．Why was the fire in Greece considered as an extreme fire
A．It burned a very large area．
B．It brought harmful effects．
C．It had much carbon emissions．
D．It lasted a long period of time．
3．What mainly causes extreme fires
A．Size of forests． B．Human behavior．
C．Location of fires． D．Climate warming．
4．What does the underlined word “tackle” in the last paragraph mean
A．Apply for． B．Bring about．
C．Deal with． D．Focus on．
B
Rivers are very important．Humans rely on them for food and water．But rivers can destroy things，too．They can flood，or rise over their banks，making the water run into the nearby land．Floods can also kill humans and wildlife．However，floods are not always bad．Some ecosystems need them every once in a while．
Flooding can not only drown animals but also destroy habitats．For example，a flood in India in 2012 killed many one horned rhinos．Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks，which makes the water dirty．Too much dirt will clog rivers and streams，preventing the river from flowing．Sometimes flood waters can carry pollution to the sea and harm marine (海洋的) life．In addition，flood waters can carry diseases，including hepatitis A(甲型肝炎) and cholera (霍乱)．
However，not everything about floods is bad．Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems．Flood waters carry nutrients (营养物) to the nearby land．Over time，the water dries up and leaves behind particles (微粒) of dirt and mud．The particles are called sediment (沉淀物) which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and helps plants grow．Floods are important to some animals as well．For instance，some animals see floods as a sign that it is time to mate or migrate．Floods leave sediment on river beds where baby fish can grow and carry nutrients for small animals in the water to eat．Moreover，in dry seasons，water might dry up，but floods help refill the wetlands，keeping the ecosystem going．
Floods are a part of nature．They can destroy living things and the environment．But some ecosystems need floods to survive．
5．What's the possible meaning of the underlined word “clog” in paragraph 2
A．Block． B．Pollute．
C．Become． D．Develop．
6．How do floods help ecosystems
A．Tiny fish going with floods feed some animals．
B．Floods make all the animals migrate more easily．
C．Nutrients carried by floods can make soil richer．
D．Floods can clean the dirt and help plants grow．
7．What's the main idea of paragraph 3
A．The way in which floods feed animals．
B．The benefits of floods to ecosystems．
C．An effective means of improving soil．
D．The reason for people's hating floods．
8．What's the best title for this article
A．The Good Effects of Flooding
B．The Secret of Flooding
C．Floods—a Part of Nature
D．Floods—Everything Is So Bad
Ⅱ．应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华，上周六下午你校在学校举行了消防逃生演练(fire drill)。请你就此给校英文报写一篇报道，演练内容包括：
1．消防讲座；
2．逃生演练；
3．你的评价。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
A Fire Drill in Our School
Ⅲ．读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Caught in a Flood
Mary and her parents were downstairs in the living room．Mary was looking through the windows at the endless rain outside．It had been raining non stop for three days．She had never seen a storm this bad．It was making her nervous．The wind roared and the rain beat on the roof and windows．Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio，while Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag．
“Mum，Dad，” said Mary suddenly，“I think we should leave here right away！”
“No，” said Dad．“It's too late! The radio says the city has already been flooded．”
“We can drive our car through the floodwater! Let's just leave! I'm really scared！” cried Mary．
“We can't do that，honey，” explained Mum，“otherwise the moving water could wash the car away！”
Mary walked to the door．She was curious to see how much water there was outside．
“Don't open the door！” shouted Mum and Dad at the same time．“The water may flood in！”
Dad moved the dinner table against the door，in case the floodwater forced the door open．Mum waved to Mary to sit on the sofa．“Mary，don't worry．Everything's going to be OK，” she said softly，trying her best to comfort Mary．Her voice was calm，but Mary could tell she was worried，too．
Without saying a single word，Dad walked to the sofa，sat down and hugged his wife and daughter．The sudden silence in the house seemed to make the wind and rain more frightening outside．What could they do
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
After a brief discussion，Mum and Dad made a decision．
Finally，the rain stopped．
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