Period 3 Grammar and usage
Activity 1: Understand subject clauses according to the text on Page 20.
Ⅰ. Summarize the main idea of the passage in Part A on P20.
The passage is mainly about the history of ________ development. With more and more advanced telescopes, people learn much more about the ________ . So telescopes like FAST in China are ________ tools for space ________ .
Ⅱ. Complete the exercises in Parts A & B on P2021．
Ⅲ. Finish the exercises below.
1. 填入适当的连接词补全主语从句。
(1) It has been proved ________ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.
(2) ________ comes will be welcomed to the open air concert.
(3) ________ we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled.
(4) _______ she will leave for London hasn't been decided. Maybe tomorrow, maybe next week.
(5) _______ is left over may be put into the refrigerator, where it will keep for two or three weeks.
(6) It was amazing _______ quickly I could get there—just half an hour.
(7) _______ mathematics is one of the most useful sections in human knowledge is widely accepted.
(8) _______ he made the same mistake again and again was a puzzle to his teacher. Later, they analyzed the reason together.
(9) _______ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
(10) _______ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out of this world scenes.[2021新高考Ⅰ卷]
2. 翻译句子。
(1) 让学校感到骄傲的是，超过90%的学生被重点大学录取。
__________________________________________________________________
(2) 你要来北京，这是我这段时间听到的最好的消息。
__________________________________________________________________
(3) 他突然想到第二天早上要参加一个重要的会议。
__________________________________________________________________
(4) 他什么时候从纽约回来在很大程度上取决于他的健康状况。
__________________________________________________________________
(5) 他们假期要去哪里仍在讨论中。
__________________________________________________________________
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词：根据汉语或首字母提示，用单词适当形式填空。
1. It was _______ (清晰的) that he was determined to go abroad.
2. Many _______ (天文学家) have been working on the space mission for a long time.
3. Winning this contract is ______ (至关重要的) to the success of the company.
4. We should remember that our world is only a small part of the _____ (宇宙).
5. Dad said there are still people in the _____ (行政部门) who he worked with.
6. The international corporation has a__________ all over the world.
7. The house c__________ two bedrooms, a kitchen and a living room.
8. I decided to try to find planets o__________ other stars like our Sun.
9. When he was young, his parents bought him a t__________ to watch the sky.
10. I wasn't blaming anyone; I m__________ said errors like this could be avoided.
Ⅱ. 选词填空：从方框中选择恰当的短语填空。
play a crucial role in; carry out; be known as; succeed in；
plain to see; beyond one's expectations; depend on; as well
1. I am going to Paris and my brother is going _______ .
2. Scientists claim they have _______ finding a cure for cancer.
3. Parents _______ their children's learning.
4. He _______ the plan without difficulty.
5. Over the decade the pace of change in our life has increased _______ .
6. He was the sort of person you could _______ .
7. The advantages of this teaching method are _______ .
8. He _______ a writer, but he is actually a teacher.
Ⅲ. 完成句子。
1. 我们在学校学到的东西将为我们的未来打下基础。
What we are learning at school will ______________________ the future.
2. 很明显我们又将没有任何东西可吃。
It is ____________________ that we will not have anything to eat yet again.
3. 事实证明他们的努力得到了回报，并且获得了成功。
It turned out that their efforts paid off and __________________________．
4. 没有必要担心，因为那支医疗队是由几位技术娴熟的医生和护士组成的。
There is no need to worry, for the medical team _______________________ several skilful doctors and nurses.
5. 没人怀疑媒体在影响舆论方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
Nobody doubts that the media _________________________ influencing people's opinions.
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. We had heard so much about the restaurant, but it did not live up to our ______ (expectation).
2. The famous old temple dating back to the Tang Dynasty was _____ (eventual) removed.
3. Being _______ (equip) with global vision and the spirit of innovation is crucial to China's young generations.
4. Not many people agree with the government's _______ (predict) that the economy will improve.
5. You are supposed to get rid of _______ (careless), for it often leads to many errors.
6. This research centre _______ (attach) to the famous university is in the charge of Professor Smith.
7. The President agreed, adding that he hoped for a peaceful _______ (solve) to the dispute.
8. Florence Nightingale, _______ (found) of modern nursing, made great achievements to society.
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
A[2025盐城东台期末]
L.A. Science Weekend: Natural History and Space
Join in The New York Times Journeys for three days of scientific learning in Los Angeles. This program includes visits to the city's most fascinating sites for natural history, zoology and space with experts helping you gain relevant knowledge.
Your New York Times experts：
Kenneth Chang is a science reporter for The New York Times. With a background in physics, he specializes in writing about the physical sciences. His articles have included the mysteries of neutrinos(中微子), and the discovery of a planet around a distant star.
Cornelia Dean is a lecturer at Brown University, a science writer and a former science editor of The New York Times. When she worked in the paper's science department, members of its staff won every major journalism prize as well as the Lasker Award for public service. She is at work on her fourth book about how to make the best of the land in coastal areas.
John Schwartz is a reporter at The New York Times who writes about climate change. In his career at The New York Times, he has also covered the space program, which took him to half a dozen shuttle launches, two zero gravity flights, and Space City in Russia, where astronauts train together to fly to the International Space Station.
Anahad O'Connor, who joined The New York Times in 2003, covers consumer health, medicine, science and other topics. As a graduate of Yale University with a degree in psychology and a focus on child studies, he is the author of four books, including the best selling Never Shower in a Thunderstorm. His work has been featured in The Best American Science Writing, a collection of articles selected by Atul Gawande. Anahad is a frequent guest on national media programs, including PBS News Hour, Good Morning America, and NPR's All Things Considered.
( ) 1. What do we know about Cornelia Dean
A. She used to be a science reporter.
B. She got a personal award as a volunteer.
C. She specializes in the study of coastal land use.
D. She remains an editor of The New York Times.
( ) 2. Which of the following topics is covered by more than one expert
A. Climate. B. Psychology.
C. Space. D. Health.
( ) 3. Who should you consult if you are interested in medicine
A. Kenneth Chang. B. Cornelia Dean.
C. John Schwartz. D. Anahad O'Connor.
B[2025长沙麓山国际实验学校月考]
In the field of space exploration, an interesting development has emerged. Scientists generally don't believe in the existence of aliens on the moon. However, if by some tiny chance they do exist, the astronauts bound for the moon in the near future will surely make an impression. Some may consider this a humorous thought, but it highlights an important aspect—the evolution of spacesuits.
The new spacesuit for the 2026 Artemis mission, revealed on Oct. 16, is a remarkable example. This project is a collaboration between Italian fashion house Prada and Houston based start up Axiom Space. This mission holds great significance as it will be the first lunar landing since Apollo 17 in 1972.
The new spacesuit may not seem drastically different from its previous models at first glance. Yet, it has unique features such as red trim and grey patches on the knees and elbows, adding a touch of colour. But it's not just about appearance. Prada's expertise in sewing methods and high performance materials has been incorporated. The aim is to create a suit that is both visually appealing and comfortable, while also dealing with the harsh conditions of space travel, like the extreme temperatures of the moon for at least two hours.
This partnership showcases how innovation thrives when diverse teams with different backgrounds and skills come together. Moreover, this is part of a growing trend where luxury brands are entering the space related business, as seen with other examples like Pierre Cardin's new astronaut training suit and Hilton's involvement in space station suite design.
( ) 4. Why is the existence of aliens mentioned at the beginning of the passage
A. To highlight the humorous aspect of space exploration.
B. To introduce the topic of the evolution of spacesuits.
C. To show that scientists doubt the existence of life on the moon.
D. To illustrate the challenges astronauts might face on the moon.
( ) 5. Which is NOT a feature of the new spacesuit for the 2026 Artemis mission
A. Red trim and grey patches on the knees and elbows.
B. A built in communication system.
C. Enhanced durability and comfort.
D. The ability to bear extreme temperatures for at least two hours.
( ) 6. What trend is highlighted in the last paragraph
A. The increasing commercialization of space exploration.
B. The growing importance of fashion in space missions.
C. The potential for luxury brands to dominate the space industry.
D. The cooperation between fashion and technology for innovation.
( ) 7. What is the best title for the passage
A. The Evolution of Spacesuits: From Apollo to Artemis
B. Fashion in Space: The Role of High End Brands in Modern Exploration
C. Luxury Meets Space: The New Frontier of Fashion and Exploration
D. The Challenges and Innovations in Modern Spacesuit Design
Ⅲ. 语法填空。[2025莆田华侨中学月考]
On January 28, 2025, a special performance called Yang BOT amazed audiences at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, China's most watched TV show.
In the performance, humanoid robots 1. _______ (dress) in colorful costumes danced Yangko, 2. _______ joyful folk dance from northern China often seen during festivals. These robots, which 3. _______ (design) specially for this show by Unitree, a Chinese company, spun 4. _______ (handkerchief) instantly and formed creative group patterns. This was not the first success for Unitree—in 2021, their robot cows named “Ben Ben” danced as backup for singer Andy Lau.
The robots learned dance moves through AI to move 5. _______ (safe) on the uneven stage. Their strong joints helped to balance them perfectly during fast steps. This dance wasn't just fun but it showed 6. _______ technology could bring to traditions.
Thanks to the 7. _______ (innovate), the robots won the hearts of millions. Young viewers called it “cool”， 8. _______ older audiences loved its humor and festive spirit.
The Yang BOT program is a perfect mix 9. _______ China's tech progress and cultural pride. As one fan said, “It's like 10. _______ (watch) the future and past dance together！”
Ⅳ. 自我拓展提升。
积累阅读语块(整理自己感兴趣的单词、短语、经典句)。
Period 3 Grammar and usage
【活动方案】
Activity 1: 略
Activity 2：
Ⅰ. telescope; universe; crucial; exploration
Ⅱ. A Exploring the rules
Answer key to Exercise A：
2. Whether life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved …
3. It is clear that telescopes are crucial tools for … and that developing the required technology will …
4. How much we will learn from the telescopes is merely limited by our imagination.
Working out the rules：
(1) that (2) whether (3) it
B Applying the rules
Answer key to Exercise B1:
1. The space改为That the space 2. depend改为depends 3. was改为is/will改为would 4. What改为That 5. That改为What
Answer key to Exercise B2：
(1) e (2) b (3) a (4) c
Ⅲ. 1. (1) that (2) Whoever (3) What
(4) When (5) Whatever (6) how (7) That
(8) Why (9) Whether (10) What
2. (1) What made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
(2) That you are coming to Beijing is the best news I have heard in a while.
(3) Suddenly it occurred to him that he had an important meeting to attend the next morning.
(4) When he'll return from New York depends a great deal on his health condition.
(5) Where they are going during their holiday is still being discussed.
Activity 3：
Ⅰ. 1. plain 2. astronomers 3. crucial
4. universe 5. administration 6. agencies 7. comprises 8. orbiting 9. telescope 10. merely
Ⅱ. 1. as well 2. succeeded in 3. play a crucial role in 4. carried out 5. beyond our expectations 6. depend on 7. plain to see 8. is known as
Ⅲ. 1. lay the foundation for 2. plain to see
3. proved to be a success 4. is comprised of 5. play a crucial role in
【自主评测】
Ⅰ. 1. expectations 2. eventually 3. equipped
4. prediction 5. carelessness 6. attached
7. solution 8. founder
Ⅱ. 1—5 CCDBB 6—7 DC
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了会在洛杉矶为期3天的科学学习中解读洛杉矶的自然历史、动物学和太空景点的四位专家。
1. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She is at work on her fourth book about how to make the best of the land in coastal areas.”可知，Cornelia Dean写了好多本关于利用沿海土地的书，由此可知，她是专门研究这方面的专家。
2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中the discovery of a planet around a distant star和第四段中“he has also covered the space program”可知，太空这个主题有两位专家研究。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Anahad O'Connor, who joined The New York Times in 2003, covers consumer health, medicine, science and other topics.”可知，Anahad O'Connor是医药方面的专家，对医药感兴趣应该向他咨询。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了奢侈品牌参与太空探索，设计了新的宇航服，这体现了时尚与科技的结合。
4. 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，文章开头提到科学家通常不相信月球上存在外星人，但如果存在，肯定会给未来的宇航员留下深刻印象。这种说法是为了引出宇航服的演变这一主题，强调随着太空探索的发展，宇航服也在不断进化。
5. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“it has unique features such as red trim and grey patches on the knees and elbows”可知，不选A；根据“The aim is to create a suit that is both visually appealing and comfortable … for at least two hours.”可知，不选C、D。文章中没有提到新宇航服配备了内置通信系统，故选B。
6. 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Prada与Axiom Space的合作展示了不同背景和技能的团队如何共同推动创新，此外，文章还提到了其他奢侈品品牌参与太空相关业务的例子，由此可推测，这里强调的趋势是时尚与技术的合作创新。
7. 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段内容可知，文章介绍了Prada与Axiom Space合作设计的新款宇航服，体现了时尚与科技的结合。因此，C项“奢华与太空相遇：时尚与探索的新前沿”不仅涵盖了文章的主要内容，还强调了跨界合作和创新的趋势。
Ⅲ. 1. dressed 2. a 3. were designed
4. handkerchiefs/handkerchieves 5. safely
6. what 7. innovation 8. while 9. of
10. watching
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在2025年1月28日的中国中央电视台春节联欢晚会上，一个名为“秧BOT”的特别表演让观众惊叹不已。
1. 考查非谓语动词。空处需填非谓语动词做后置定语，robots和dress之间为被动关系，需填过去分词形式。
2. 考查冠词。空处泛指一种中国北方欢快的民间舞蹈，且joyful的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
3. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词These robots为复数，与动词design之间为被动关系；结合上下文可知，此处用一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用were。
4. 考查名词复数。空处需填名词做宾语，handkerchief为可数名词，主语These robots为复数，空处应用复数形式，其形式有两种：handkerchiefs或handkerchieves。
5. 考查副词。空处应填副词做状语，修饰动词move。
6. 考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。
7. 考查名词。空处需填名词做介词to的宾语，innovate的名词为innovation，其意为“创新”时是不可数名词。
8. 考查连词。根据语境可知，前后为两个完整的句子，且为对比关系，需用连词while连接。
9. 考查介词。固定短语a mix of，表示“……的混合”。
10. 考查非谓语动词。空前的like为介词，空处做介词宾语，应用动名词形式。
Ⅳ. 略Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading(1)
Ⅰ. Choose the best answers to the following questions according to the text.
( ) 1. How is an astronaut's life according to the first paragraph
A. Challenging but magical. B. Ordinary and boring.
C. Unusual but frightening. D. Private and strange.
( ) 2. What is the most challenging work in space
A. Carrying out a variety of biological experiments.
B. Performing various tasks outside the space station.
C. Locating and tracking lightning over large regions.
D. Checking support systems and doing some cleaning.
( ) 3. Why is eating in space different from that on the Earth
A. Because there are no balanced nutrients.
B. Because all food is only in liquid form.
C. Because there is not enough fresh food.
D. Because food often blocks the air pipes.
( ) 4. How does an astronaut keep healthy in space
A. By taking special pills only.
B. By sitting together with the rest of the crew.
C. By preventing himself/herself from floating around.
D. By doing at least two hours of exercise every day.
( ) 5. What's the author's attitude towards his life on the space station
A. Positive. B. Disapproving. C. Doubtful. D. Cautious.
Ⅱ. Answer the following questions according to the text.
1. Why do astronauts attach themselves to the walls or the ceiling in space when they sleep
Because of the near ________ of ________ in space, they have to attach themselves so that they don't ________ around.
2. What is astronauts' main mission in space
Their main mission is to ________ scientific research, such as ________ the effects of low gravity on animals and plants.
3. Why is every spacewalk carefully planned
Because spacewalking is probably the most dangerous work, with ________ risks such as electric________ .
1. Why has the author been working on the experiment about lightning
Because it is hoped that the experiment helps people have a good ________ of the Earth's climate, which will lead to better lightning ________ .
2. Why is taking exercise necessary for astronauts' health
Because low gravity has ________ effects on the human body. For example, astronauts could lose a ________ amount of muscle and bone ________ in just five months.
1. What do you think of daily life on a space station
2. What qualities do you think are needed to become an astronaut
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词：根据汉语或首字母提示，用单词适当形式填空。
1. I am going to paint the walls white and the ________ (天花板) pink.
2. A (辐射) leak from a nuclear power station is very dangerous.
3. It is certain that studying at home requires a good deal of ________ (自制力).
4. I don't think you have realized the ________ (严重性) of the situation up to now.
5. It is widely accepted that students should be ________ (评估) in terms of overall quality.
6. There is an extra blanket in the bottom drawer of the c__________．
7. In the a__________ of grey wolves, the deer population grew quickly.
8. After only a short e__________ to sunlight, my skin began to turn red.
9. Grants are awarded according to your financial c__________．
10. According to the doctor, you shouldn't take more than six p__________ in 24 hours.
Ⅱ. 根据课文内容填空。
Every would be astronaut dreams of living in space despite a lot of challenges and the low gravity makes a great difference 1. ________ the daily life there.
2. ________ (prevent) drifting away, astronauts have to sleep in private quarters or sleeping bags attached to the walls or the ceiling. They sleep eight hours 3. ________ they get up and start their work.
They perform 4. ________ (demand) but worthwhile scientific research, like 5. ________ (evaluate) the effects of low gravity, and locating and tracking lightning over large regions of the Earth. With so much 6. ________ (go) on, the space station should be maintained. Meanwhile, they need to do challenging and dangerous tasks outside the space station, so they should make good 7. ________ (prepare) in advance in case something unexpected should happen.
Eating is also quite different. They eat dried or freeze dried food, and sometimes take tablets to keep a 8. ________ (balance) supply of vitamins and minerals. Fresh food is hard to imagine.
Astronauts need to exercise every day by means of equipment specially 9. ________ (design) for them. They must keep in good shape to fight against the negative effects of low gravity.
During the leisure time, they just sit back with their colleagues, take pictures and watch the sunrise. Yet they all think the life in space is worth 10. ________ .
Ⅲ. 完成句子。
1. 婴儿是可爱的，但是他们有时也可能令人厌烦。
Babies are lovely, but sometimes they ______________________ tiresome.
2. 尽管他学习很努力，但在英语上几乎没取得什么进步。
______________________ he worked, he made little progress in English.
3. 外面下着大雨。那就是我们推迟这项活动的原因。
It is raining hard outside. That's we've put off the activity.
4. 我最不喜欢的就是撒谎。
There is nothing I like ______________________ lying.
5. 我学习意大利语以便能读但丁的原著。
I studied Italian ______________________ I would be able to read Dante in the original.
Ⅰ. 话题拓展阅读。
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.① Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl(水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地).②
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory(迁徙的) Bird Hunting Stamp Act(Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.③ Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J．N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, Iowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
一、 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
( ) 1. What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America
A. Loss of wetlands. B. Popularity of water sports.
C. Pollution of rivers. D. Arrival of other wild animals.
( ) 2. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph
A. Acquire. B. Export. C. Destroy. D. Distribute.
( ) 3. What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934
A. The stamp price has gone down.
B. The migratory birds have flown away.
C. The hunters have stopped hunting.
D. The government has collected money.
( ) 4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The Federal Duck Stamp Story
B. The National Wildlife Refuge System
C. The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl
D. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
二、 分析文中加序号句子的结构，在原句上标出基本成分，然后试着在下面横线上写出译文。
①译文：__________________________________________________________
②译文：__________________________________________________________
③译文：___________________________________________________________
Ⅱ. 七选五。[2025湖南示范性高中月度联考]
When was the last time you had to memorize a phone number The chances are that it has been years, given that you can simply use your digital devices to memorize that number for you. In a world of digital information, a new phenomenon “digital amnesia”， which refers to the loss of our brains' ability to remember information as we become dependent on technology to get data, is starting to spread across the country. __1__．
Establish a screen free day
Start choosing one day of the week to put away your digital devices. If you need something to wake you up, avoid using your phone, as it'll likely stimulate you to check your messages before you're even stepping out of bed. __2__．
__3__
Instead of depending on your phone, set out to design a reliable workout plan, which uses printed instructions to train your memory. There are several techniques you can use, but whichever one you choose, physical paper is the key. It allows you to exercise your brain to find the answer within the pages themselves, rather than turning to your phone for help.
Simplify your digital life
There is no denying that digital devices have made our lives extremely convenient. __4__. Although we can try to avoid using digital devices, it is undeniable that we will need them for certain tasks. Simplifying your digital life can help address digital amnesia. Removing what is not necessary can help you be less dependent on your devices.
__5__. It can be a very effective tool, but its usefulness, or uselessness, entirely depends on your attitude. You have to learn how to use it correctly so that it doesn't take over.
A. Exercise your memory
B. Stick to a practical plan
C. Luckily, there are ways you can take to deal with it
D. It can help you improve work efficiency and get organized
E. By not staring at your devices, you'll give your brain a break
F. However, they can be harmful to our mental health and productivity
G. Despite the so called digital amnesia, technology does have its place in our lives
1. ________2. ________3. ________4. ________5. ________
Ⅲ. 完形填空。[2025武汉中学月考]
China's space exploration has once again achieved a great success. The launch of the Shenzhou 19 spacecraft was a memorable moment for all Chinese, marking the beginning of a new __1__ in China's space journey.
The Long March 2F rocket was the perfect __2__ for this important mission with its impressive appearance and stable technology, and the astronauts underwent __3__ training.
At zero seconds, with everyone's hearts __4__， the rocket soared into the sky, leaving a trail of fire and smoke. Back on Earth, people watched the launch on TV and __5__ the astronauts' progress through live broadcast. The successful launch and operation of the spacecraft __6__ China's ability to compete with the world's leading space agencies.
During the mission, the astronauts will have __7__ tasks to accomplish. They will__8__ scientific experiments and prepare for future missions. They will also take time to enjoy the beautiful __9__ of Earth from space. The Shenzhou 19 spacecraft is supposed to __10__ its mission after six months in space. The success of the mission will inspire many young people to pursue their dreams of becoming astronauts.
Since 2003, with each new mission, China has shown its ability to __11__ and push the boundaries of human knowledge. And with its strong scientific and technological __12__， China is sure to make greater achievements in the future.
The Shenzhou 19 mission is a constant __13__ of China's growing influence in space exploration. It marks a new era in China's space exploration and __14__ the world's attention to the country's development. As China continues to progress, we can only imagine what the future holds for this __15__ nation.
( ) 1. A. framework B. chapter C. mode D. platform
( ) 2. A. option B. combination C. location D. definition
( ) 3. A. dramatic B. appealing C. flexible D. demanding
( ) 4. A. beating B. sinking C. racing D. melting
( ) 5. A. followed B. documented C. monitored D. noticed
( ) 6. A. facilitated B. identified C. clarified D. demonstrated
( ) 7. A. multiple B. urgent C. physical D. risky
( ) 8. A. draw on B. carry out C. bring up D. deal with
( ) 9. A. images B. fields C. sights D. figures
( )10. A. summarize B. occupy C. interrupt D. complete
( )11. A. wonder B. innovate C. sustain D. apply
( )12. A. expansion B. background
C. introduction D. competence
( )13. A. reminder B. warning C. operation D. factor
( )14. A. refers B. limits C. absorbs D. connects
( )15. A. humble B. powerful C. reliable D. generous
Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading(1)
【活动方案】
Activity 1：
Ⅰ. 1—5 ABCDA
Ⅱ. 1. absence; gravity; float
2. conduct; evaluating
3. potential; shocks
Activity 2：
1. understanding; protection
2. negative; significant; mass
Activity 3：
1. Daily life on a space station is challenging, dangerous and even strange, but it is also magical, rewarding and worthwhile.(言之有理即可)
2. To be an astronaut, a person should be physically and mentally healthy, knowledgeable, cool headed, quick witted, strong minded and so on.(言之有理即可)
Activity 4：
Ⅰ. 1. ceiling 2. radiation 3. discipline
4. gravity 5. evaluated 6. cupboard
7. absence 8. exposure 9. circumstances
10. pills
Ⅱ. 1. to 2. To prevent 3. before 4. demanding
5. evaluating 6. going 7. preparations
8. balanced 9. designed 10. it
Ⅲ. 1. can be 2. Hard as/though 3. why
4. less than 5. so that
【自主评测】
Ⅰ. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了探险者和殖民者破坏了北美大陆上的自然资源，数百万只水禽被杀害。为了保护水禽及其栖息地，美国政府出台了《候鸟狩猎印花税法案》，即美国联邦鸭票计划。该计划要求，16岁及以上的狩猎者必须购买美国联邦鸭票才能合法地打猎，售卖美国联邦鸭票的收入部分用于保护水禽，达到了很好的效果。
一、 1—4 ACDA
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.”可知，湿地的流失是水禽数量减少的原因之一。
2. 词义猜测题。根据上文Unfortunately可知，画线词所在句与上文形成转折，上文讲探险者抵达北美洲时，这片大陆上充满了各种各样的野生物种，整个大陆生机勃勃，因此画线词所在句应讲述这些资源受到的破坏。
3. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly … gone into that Fund”可知，《候鸟狩猎印花税法案》带来的一个直接结果是政府筹到了钱。
4. 标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了《候鸟狩猎印花税法案》出台的背景、鸭票的设计和用途以及鸭票的作用和影响，故A项最适合做文章标题。
二、 ①【分析】本句为主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句。
【译文】当探险家们第一次踏上北美大陆时，天空和陆地上充满了各种各样的野生动物。
②【分析】本句为简单句。greatly reducing waterfowl habitat为现在分词短语做结果状语。
【译文】数百万英亩的湿地被开垦以喂养和容纳日益增长的人口，而这大大减少了水禽的栖息地。
③【分析】本句为简单句。with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act(Act)做伴随状语，to stop the destruction of migratory waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival为目的状语。
【译文】1934年，随着《候鸟狩猎印花税法案》的通过，一个愈加忧虑的国家采取了坚决行动，制止对候鸟及其赖以生存的湿地的破坏。
Ⅱ. 1—5 CEAFG
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字时代出现的新现象——“数字健忘症”，即随着人们越来越依赖技术获取信息，大脑记忆信息的能力逐渐丧失，并据此提出了一些应对方法。
1. 根据上文可知，上文提出“数字健忘症”的问题，下文给出具体的方法，C项“幸运的是，你可以采取一些方法来处理它”承上启下，符合语境。
2. 根据上文可知，空前提到了在这个日子里要避免使用手机等数字设备，以免在起床前就受到信息的干扰。E项“不盯着电子设备看，你的大脑就会得到休息”承接上文，继续说明设立无屏幕日的好处，符合语境。
3. 此空为小标题；根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲的是不要依赖手机，而是要通过制定可靠的锻炼计划来训练记忆力，比如使用纸质指令来锻炼大脑在页面中寻找答案的能力。A项“锻炼记忆力”能够概括本段主旨，适合做段落小标题。
4. 根据上文可知，本段先承认数字设备的便利，后需转折指出其负面影响。F项通过However引出矛盾，衔接下文“简化数字生活”的必要性。F项“然而，它们可能对我们的心理健康和工作效率有害”符合语境。
5. 根据下文可知，本句应承上启下，既提出技术存在的合理性，又引出下文关于正确使用技术的讨论。G项“尽管有所谓的‘数字健忘症’，但科技确实在我们的生活中占有一席之地”符合语境。
Ⅲ. 1—5 BADCA 6—10 DABCD 11—15 BDACB
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国神舟19号飞船成功发射，这标志着中国太空旅程新篇章的开始。
1. framework框架；chapter篇章；mode模式；platform平台。根据语境以及最后一段中“It marks a new era in China's space exploration”可知，神舟19号飞船的发射标志着中国太空旅程新篇章的开始。
2. option选择；combination结合；location位置；definition定义。根据下文with its impressive appearance and stable technology可知，长征二号F遥十九运载火箭拥有令人印象深刻的外观和稳定的技术，故被这次任务选中。
3. dramatic戏剧性的；appealing吸引人的；flexible灵活的；demanding要求极严的。空处修饰名词training，航天员们应是接受严格的训练。
4. beating规律作响；sinking沉没；racing加速；melting融化。根据下文“the rocket soared into the sky, leaving a trail of fire and smoke”可知，火箭发射时刻，大家应是因紧张、激动等心跳加速。
5. followed跟随，密切注视；documented记录；monitored监视；noticed注意到。根据下文the astronauts' progress可知，此处指火箭发射后，人们通过直播跟踪了解航天员们的进展。
6. facilitated促进；identified识别，确认；clarified澄清；demonstrated证明。结合主语The successful launch and operation of the spacecraft和宾语China's ability可知，这次成功证明了中国的能力。
7. multiple多种多样的；urgent紧急的；physical身体的，物质的；risky有风险的。根据下文“They will __8__ scientific experiments and prepare for future missions.”可知，航天员将有多项任务要完成。
8. draw on利用，凭借；carry out履行，实施；bring up养育；deal with处理。根据空后scientific experiments可知，此处指做实验。
9. images图片；fields领域；sights风景；figures数字，人物。结合上文enjoy以及下文of Earth from space可知，此处指从太空欣赏地球的风景。
10. summarize总结；occupy占据；interrupt打断；complete完成。根据下文after six months in space和语境可知，此处指6个月后完成任务。上文tasks to accomplish也是提示。
11. wonder想知道；innovate创新，改革；sustain维持；apply申请，运用。根据下文push the boundaries of human knowledge可知，此处指创新能力。
12. expansion扩大；background背景；introduction介绍；competence能力。根据下文“China is sure to make greater achievements in the future”可知，中国在未来一定会取得更大的成就，因为其具备强大的科技实力。
13. reminder提醒；warning警告；operation操作，手术；factor因素。根据下文of China's growing influence in space exploration可知，神舟19号任务不断提醒人们中国在太空探索领域日益增长的影响力。
14. refers提到，查阅；limits限制；absorbs吸引；connects连接。根据下文the world's attention to the country's development可知，此处指中国的发展吸引了世界的关注。
15. humble谦逊的；powerful强大的；reliable可靠的；generous慷慨的。根据上文“The Shenzhou 19 mission is a constant __13__ of China's growing influence in space exploration … world's attention to the country's development.”及文章多次提到中国的科技实力可知，此处指这个强大的国家。Period 5 Extended reading(1)
Ⅰ. Choose the best answers to the following questions according to the text.
( ) 1. What can we benefit from space exploration
A. It may take us much time and lots of money.
B. It can expand our understanding of the universe.
C. It will enhance the quality of our lives on the Earth.
D. It can enable us to visit other planets in the solar system.
( ) 2. How does the author prove “It is in our nature to explore”？
A. By giving some examples.
B. By making a comparison.
C. By quoting a famous person.
D. By stating his own opinions.
( ) 3. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning space exploration
A. Its important findings.
B. Its research process.
C. Its existing challenges.
D. Its major contributions.
( ) 4. What is the author's attitude towards the future of space exploration
A. Favourable. B. Intolerant.
C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
( ) 5. What is the author's purpose of writing the passage
A. To explain how to explore space.
B. To tell a story of space exploration.
C. To present the reasons for space exploration.
D. To inspire the next generation to explore space.
Ⅱ. Answer the following questions according to the text.
1. What has kept us adventuring into new places
2. In what areas can these scientific and technological advances provide benefits to societies on the Earth
3. What can the amazing work for space exploration bring to the next generation
It can provide _______ and _______ for the next generation.
1. What misunderstanding did many people have after Neil Armstrong first landed on the Moon
Many people thought that soon we would be _______ visiting other planets in our solar system and would even dare to travel _______ it.
2. Why can the space industry bring great economic value
Because the global space economy is increasing _______ billions of dollars every year and it can provide a variety of career _______ for young people.
1. What are the advantages of space exploration
Firstly, it helps _______ fundamental questions about our place in the universe and the history of our solar system. Secondly, with _______ for space exploration we can solve some of the big problems facing _______. Thirdly, it is of great economic value like _______ to more job opportunities. Finally, it can provide education and inspiration for the next _______ .
2. What do you think of the future of space exploration
The future of space exploration is bright and _______ , because it can contribute to the development of economy, and scientific and technological _______ . Especially, it can _______ the next generation to become the scientists and _______ of the future.
根据课文内容填空。
It is in our nature to explore the unknown world. We desire to explore the 1. _______ (far) frontier of all—space. While space exploration is a 2. _______ (real), we remain curious 3. _______ the mysteries of the universe. Exploring space 4. _______ (help) address fundamental questions about our place in the universe and the history of our solar system.
With technologies first researched and developed for space 5. _______ (explore), we can solve some of the big problems 6. _______ (face) mankind. Although space exploration needs huge 7. _______ (invest), the space industry can actually bring great 8. _______ (economy) value. Moreover, the amazing work these people do can provide education and 9. _______ (inspire) for the next generation. From the author's point of view, this is by far the 10. _______ (big) reason for humanity to explore space.
Ⅰ. 话题拓展阅读。
Kielder Forest in Northumberland, England, is home to birds of prey and red squirrels. Around 90 years ago, it was also home to the pine marten(松貂). The 0.5 metre long animal was driven to dying out in England by 1926 because gamekeepers wanted to secure the safety of their game birds, according to The Guardian.①
However, the martens thrived in Scotland, and the animals appear to be crossing back into England.② A pine marten was spotted in Kielder Forest by John Hartshorne, a volunteer who monitors the red squirrel population in the forest, part of an effort to stop grey squirrels from further invading(入侵) the red squirrels' territory.
The pine marten is one of the animals receiving a helping hand from Back From the Brink, one of the conservation groups working together to help save 20 species from dying out in England. Their efforts aim at helping the pine marten and other at risk species.
Red squirrels are threatened by invasive grey squirrels, which outcompete the native squirrels for food and pass on a deadly virus.③ Martens keep grey squirrel numbers in check, especially since the invasive animals aren't used to having a predator like the pine marten around. A 2018 study found that the presence of pine martens can be enough to push the grey squirrel population out of an area. So the pine marten returning to Kielder is a win win: The pine marten returns to part of its historic range and by doing so, helps red squirrels continue to survive.
一、 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
( ) 1. Why was the pine marten forced to leave Northumberland
A. To attract more hunters.
B. To protect local animals.
C. To keep game birds safe.
D. To keep game birds from hunters.
( ) 2. What does the underlined word “thrived” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Died out slowly. B. Evolved rapidly.
C. Had difficulty adapting. D. Increased in population.
( ) 3. What is John Hartshorne's duty according to Paragraph 2
A. To help the pine marten to thrive.
B. To free red squirrels of danger.
C. To monitor the population of birds.
D. To stop grey squirrels from dying out.
( ) 4. The last paragraph mainly talks about ________．
A. the role of the pine marten
B. the importance of a 2018 study
C. the promising future of red squirrels
D. the harmful effects of grey squirrels
二、 分析文中加序号句子的结构，在原句上标出基本成分，然后试着在下面横线上写出译文。
①译文：__________________________________________________________
②译文：__________________________________________________________
③译文：__________________________________________________________
Ⅱ. 七选五。[2025咸宁崇阳一中月考]
Forgiveness is often considered as an important decision to let go of feelings of anger towards someone who you believe has wronged you. However, while you may be quite generous in your ability to forgive others, you can be much harder on yourself. __1__．
Accept the result of your actions
Forgiving yourself is about more than just putting the past behind you and moving on. __2__. Facing what you have done or what has happened is the first step towards self forgiveness. It's also the hardest step. If you have been making excuses in order to make them seem acceptable, it is time to accept what you have done.
Treat yourself with kindness and compassion(同情)
Forgiving yourself requires facing your actions, but it is important to reach this with self compassion. __3__. Try to be compassionate instead of being self critical(自我批评的).
__4__
Making a correction is an important part of forgiveness, even when the person you are forgiving is yourself. One way to move past your regret is to take action to correct your mistakes.
Learn from the experience
Forgiving yourself often requires finding a way to learn from the experience and make an active effort to do better in the future. To do this, you need to understand why you behave the way you did and why you feel sorry. What steps can you take to prevent the same behaviors again in the future __5__， rather than feel sorry about those past mistakes.
A. Make a correction
B. Be aware of others' feelings
C. It is about accepting what has happened
D. The following steps may help you learn how to forgive yourself
E. You need to tell yourself that thoughts are not facts
F. Remind yourself of what you learned to guide your actions going forward
G. The key is to treat yourself with the same kindness you show to another person
1. _______2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______
Ⅲ. 应用文写作。[2025浙南名校联盟开学考]
假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，你校将组织为期一周的科技节活动，主题为“科学探索(Exploration of Science)”，请你用英语写一篇开幕辞，欢迎全校师生参加活动。内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 活动目的；
3. 活动内容。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear teachers and fellow students,
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Period 5 Extended reading(1)
【活动方案】
Activity 1：
Ⅰ. 1—5 BCDAC
Ⅱ. 1. Our curiosity about the unknown.
2. In many areas including health, energy and information technology.
3. education; inspiration
Activity 2：
1. regularly; beyond
2. by; opportunities
Activity 3：
1. address; technologies; mankind; contributing; generation
2. promising; advances; motivate; engineers
Activity 4：
1. furthest 2. reality 3. about 4. helps
5. exploration 6. facing 7. investment 8. economic
9. inspiration 10. biggest
【自主评测】
Ⅰ. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了松貂的回归以及它的回归所带来的双赢影响。
一、 1—4 CDBA
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The 0.5 metre long animal was driven to dying out in England by 1926 because gamekeepers wanted to secure the safety of their game birds, according to The Guardian.”可知，松貂被迫离开诺森伯兰是为了保护猎禽的安全。
2. 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“and the animals appear to be crossing back into England”可知，这些动物似乎正在返回英格兰。由此推知，松貂在苏格兰蓬勃发展，所以画线词意为“数量增加”。
3. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“A pine marten was spotted in Kielder Forest by John Hartshorne … from further invading the red squirrels' territory.”可知，John Hartshorne的职责是保护红松鼠免遭危险。
4. 段落大意题。根据最后一段中“A 2018 study found that the presence of pine martens can be enough to … The pine marten returns to part of its historic range and by doing so, helps red squirrels continue to survive.”可知，最后一段介绍了松貂所发挥的作用。
二、①【分析】本句为主从复合句。主句为被动语态，because引导原因状语从句。
【译文】据《卫报》报道，到1926年，这种0.5米长的动物在英国濒临灭绝，因为猎场看守人想要确保他们的猎禽的安全。
②【分析】 本句为并列句。However为副词，前一分句为主谓结构，后一分句为主系表结构。
【译文】然而，松貂在苏格兰繁衍生息，它们似乎正重新迁回英格兰。
③【分析】本句为主从复合句。主句为被动语态，which引导非限制性定语从句。
【译文】红松鼠受到入侵的灰松鼠的威胁，灰松鼠与本地松鼠争夺食物并传播致命病毒。
Ⅱ. 1—5 DCGAF
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宽恕自己的方法。
1. 根据上文“However, while you may be quite generous in your ability to forgive others, you can be much harder on yourself.”以及下文中给的建议可知，空处应承接上文并能引出下文的建议。D项“以下步骤可以帮助你学会如何原谅自己”符合语境，其中The following steps对应下文给出的具体建议。
2. 根据上文“Forgiving yourself is about more than just putting the past behind you and moving on.”以及下文“Facing what you have done or what has happened is the first step towards self forgiveness.”可知，空处应描述怎样原谅自己。C项“它是关于接受已经发生的事情”符合语境，其中It is about对应上文Forgiving yourself is about more than …，accepting what has happened对应下文Facing what you have done or what has happened。
3. 根据小标题Treat yourself with kindness and compassion以及上文“Forgiving yourself requires facing your actions, but it is important to reach this with self compassion.”可知，空处应描述要怎样善待自己。G项“关键是要像对待别人那样善良地对待自己”符合语境，其中treat yourself with the same kindness呼应小标题。
4. 空处为小标题，是作者给出的其中一条建议的总结，所以应能总结下文，根据本段内容可知，小标题的内容应为改变自己，做出修正。A项“改正错误”符合语境，呼应下文Making a correction。
5. 根据小标题Learn from the experience、上文“What steps can you take to prevent the same behaviors again in the future？”以及下文rather than feel sorry about those past mistakes可知，空处应描述应该怎样做才能防止同样的行为再次发生。F项“用你从教训中学到的东西来指导你前行”承上启下，符合语境，其中what you learned呼应小标题。
Ⅲ. One possible version：
Dear_teachers_and_fellow_students，
Good morning! I warmly welcome all of you to the opening ceremony of our school's Tech Week, themed “Exploration of Science”．
Aimed at inspiring a passion for science and fostering a mindset of innovation among us students, a diverse range of enlightening activities are organized on a regular basis within a week. These activities feature interactive workshops, seminars and hands on projects that cater to various interests. Furthermore, there will be a thrilling science fair, where students can exhibit their innovative inventions.
Thank you for your attendance! Let's go exploring and have fun!Period 2 Language focus on Reading(2)
Review the text of “Life on a space station” by retelling it in your own words. You may begin like this：
The text is mainly about …， which …
From the text, we may learn that …
Ⅰ. 词义匹配。
( ) 1. astronaut A. the force that attracts objects in space towards each other, and that on the earth pulls them towards the centre of the planet, so that things fall to the ground when they are dropped
( ) 2. gravity B. an important official job that a person or group of people is given to do, especially when they are sent to another country
( ) 3. float C. the top inside surface of a room
( ) 4. ceiling D. to fill or use a space, an area or an amount of time
( ) 5. occupy E. to move slowly on water or in the air
( ) 6. mission F. to form an opinion of the amount, value or quality of sth after thinking about it carefully
( ) 7. evaluate G. a person whose job involves travelling and working in a spacecraft
( ) 8. leisure H. a pleasure or an advantage that you do not often have
( ) 9. luxury I. time that is spent doing what you enjoy when you are not working or studying
( )10. permanent J. lasting for a long time or for all time in the future
Ⅱ. 短语热身：从课文中找到以下短语的英文表达。
1. 每个准宇航员的梦想 ________________
2. 结束 ________________
3. 进行科学研究 ________________
4. 在低重力环境下 ________________
5. 开展实验 ________________
6. 使进一步了解…… ________________
7. 在这种情况下，既然如此 ________________
8. 鉴于，考虑到 ________________
9. 执行任务 ________________
10. 严格要求自己做某事 ________________
Ⅲ. 单句语境填词：根据汉语或首字母提示，用单词适当形式填空。
1. The film was about ________ (生物) from outer space.
2. I sat down at the nearest ________ (空着的) table.
3. The disease can cause________ (永久的) damage to the brain.
4. These days we have more money and more ________ (空闲) to enjoy our life.
5. The successful _______ (太空飞行任务) marked the crowning moment for the space programme.
6. Different cultures have different ways of ________(训练) their children.
7. She was very v__________ upset to hear of some of the things about how the children had suffered.
8. John has been a__________ from school for three days now. We don't know why.
9. The way the guests are treated in the hotel will influence their e__________ of the service.
10. He said he had not discussed the matter with her. F__________， he had not even contacted her.
Ⅳ. 词形转换：用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The ________ , who had ________ a great number of famous works, said that most of his ________ came from a sudden inspiration.(design)
2. To avoid blown out highlights in the sunset, reduce the ________ time when ________ the brightest parts of the sky.(expose)
3. And don't forget to check that your _______ is actually ________ to the email.(attach)
4. When ________ landscapes as a photography subject, it's necessary that you take the emotional impact of the geography into ________ .(consider)
5. The data is assembled and ________ using PM tools and other modeling and ________ software.(analyze)
Ⅰ. 同义词练习：用本课词汇替换下列句子中的画线部分。
1. China has many trained taikonauts,_each of whom has passed tests that are unimaginable to common people. ________
2. They have the important_task of supervising the most dangerous prison in the country. ________
3. Considering the heavy snowstorm, the schools in this area were closed that day. ________
4. It can be difficult to assess the effectiveness of different treatments. ________
5. On the way to school I saw some plastic bags moving_slowly in the water. ________
6. She lay on her back staring up at the top_inside_surface of her room. ________
7. I don't think you understand the seriousness of the situation. ________
8. Obviously, we can't deal with the problem until we know all the situations．
________
9. In_addition,_they claim that any such interference is completely ineffective.
________
10. The capital has been taken_over by the rebel army. ________
Ⅱ. 选词填空：从方框中选择恰当的短语填空。
carry out; differ from; in view of; of vital importance; set up；
go on; cast new light on; put on; take place; in the circumstances
1. With time ________ , the situation is becoming more and more complex.
2. Nobody doubts that reading is ________ in language learning.
3. For all three years I have been working for others. I'm hoping I ________ my own business someday.
4. It has been confirmed that the meeting ________ next week.
5. ________ the terrible weather, the event will be held indoors next Wednesday.
6. To be frank, I really have some difficulty ________ the plan.
7. She is not feeling well.________ , it seems better not to tell her about the fact.
8. Sooner or later, what the scientists are doing ________ how the system works.
9. Since it is getting colder and colder, you'd better remember ________ more clothes to keep warm.
10. Things in the world ________ each other in a thousand ways.
Ⅲ. 句式仿写：观察例句的句式结构，根据中文仿写句子。
1. Due to the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don't float around.(due to由于)
[Imitation]由于这一年雨水匮乏，农民们几乎没有收成。
__________________________________________________________________
2. As well as doing these biological experiments, we carry out experiments in other research fields.(as well as除……之外)
[Imitation]除了帮助她的孩子们完成家庭作业外，她还要花一个小时阅读自己的专业书。
__________________________________________________________________
3. With so much going on, the space station needs a lot of maintenance, so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning.(with的复合结构)
[Imitation]有这个男孩给我们引路，我们毫不费力地找到了那位教授的家。
__________________________________________________________________
4. Splendid as the view of the Earth is, spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.(as引导让步状语从句引起倒装)
[Imitation]尽管他很生气，但他还是忍不住笑了。
__________________________________________________________________
5. Considering these negative effects low gravity has on the human body, we discipline ourselves to do at least two hours of exercise every day.(considering考虑到)
[Imitation]考虑到天气因素，我们到这里还算迅速。
__________________________________________________________________
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. Lots of people ________ (not bother) to go through a marriage ceremony these days.
2. The window had been replaced last week during routine ________ (maintain).
3. Although it takes us an hour a day to exercise, it is well worth ________ .
4. Joe is a good basketball player ________ being short and stout.
5. Police said there were no suspicious ________ (circumstance) surrounding the boy's death.
6. The English spoken in the US is only slightly different from ________ spoken in the UK.
7. She is bursting with ________ (vital) and new ideas.
8. He ________ (radiation) self confidence and optimism during the interview.
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
A[2025苏州实验中学月考]
Human beings' curiosity about outer space hasn't declined in the past decade, and with Jeff Bezos' historic commercial flight to the edge of space this past summer, dreamers are that much closer to experiencing the Galaxy(银河系) for themselves.
It's reported that one company is aiming to make space a reality for people, and is pioneering a new age of space tourism. In 2019, the California based company Gateway Foundation first explored the idea. Its dream was to make visiting space, in excellent accommodation, a future vacation choice. The project, now called Voyager Station, is run by Orbital Assembly Corporation, a construction company led by head of the Gateway Foundation and former pilot, John Blincow.
Space tourism draws closer as Orbital Assembly Corporation has announced plans to build the world's first space hotel named “Voyager Station” which is expected to open in 2027. With a date in close sight, the hotel's architects and engineers are hard at work, aiming to design an out of this world experience. They plan to decorate the suites with elegant bars and restaurants with a touch of space, as well as Earth viewing lounges(休息处) and unique space food treats. The team is also taking advantage of the reduced gravity that will be felt in the station to plan to let their guests weightlessly carry heavy objects, jump higher or run faster in ways people can't normally do on Earth.
Gravity will remain in the rooms and bars because Voyager Station's scientific design makes it possible by creating artificial gravity within the hotel. The hotel is designed as a wheel that will steadily move and create simulated(模拟的) gravitational force, much like when a glass of water is spun around, the water doesn't pour out. The hotel's guests won't feel much different than being on a huge ship steadily moving.
( ) 1. What do we know about Gateway Foundation
It made space a reality for people.
B. It aimed to build a space hotel.
C. It promoted space tourism greatly.
D. It planned a historic commercial flight.
( ) 2. What will the Voyager Station team use the reduced gravity to do
A. Provide unique space food. B. Let guests do space sports.
C. Offer recreational activities. D. Decorate suites more easily.
( ) 3. Why does gravity exist in the rooms and bars
A. To prevent liquid from pouring. B. To make guests feel comfortable.
C. To avoid guests' travel sickness. D. To keep things in normal positions.
( ) 4. What is the best title for the text
Time for Space Travel
B. Space Tourism Gaining Popularity
C. First Ever Commercial Flight to Space
D. First Space Hotel Set to Open
B[2025浙江名校协作体开学考]
A new NASA led study has found that how rain falls in a given year is nearly as important to the world's vegetation(植物) as how much. Reporting on Dec. 11 in Nature, the researchers showed that even in years with similar rainfall totals, plants grew differently when that water came in fewer, bigger bursts.
Scientists have previously estimated that almost half of the world's vegetation is driven primarily by how much rain falls in a year. Less well understood is the role of day to day variability, said lead author Andrew Feldman, an ecosystem scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.
The team analyzed two decades of field and satellite observations spanning diverse landscapes from Siberia to the southern tip of Patagonia. They found that plants across 42% of Earth's vegetated land surface were sensitive to daily rainfall variability. Of those, a little over half grew better in years with fewer but more intense wet days. These include croplands as well as drier landscapes like grasslands and deserts. In contrast, broadleaf forests and rainforests in lower and middle latitudes(纬度) tended to grow worse under those conditions, possibly because they could not tolerate the longer dry periods. Statistically, daily rainfall variability was nearly as important as annual rainfall totals in driving growth worldwide.
The new study relied primarily on a suite of NASA missions and data sets, which provides rainfall and snowfall rates for most of the planet every 30 minutes using a network of international satellites. To measure plant response day to day, the researchers calculated how green an area appeared in satellite imagery. “Greenness” is commonly used to estimate vegetation density and health. They also tracked a faint reddish light that plants give off during photosynthesis(光合作用), when a plant absorbs sunlight to transform carbon dioxide and water into food. This faint light is an obvious sign of flourishing vegetation.
Feldman said the findings highlight the vital role that plants play in moving carbon around Earth—a process called the carbon cycle. “A finer understanding of how plants thrive or decline day to day, storm by storm, could help us better understand their role in that critical cycle，” Feldman said.
( ) 5. What is the main focus of the NASA led study in the article
A. The global distribution of rainfall in a given year.
B. The role of satellites in monitoring rainfall and vegetation.
C. The impact of daily rainfall variability on vegetation growth.
D. The relationship between rainfall totals and vegetation growth.
( ) 6. What is the relationship between rainfall variability and plant growth
A. All types of vegetation respond similarly to rainfall patterns.
B. Lower latitude rainforests grew better after longer dry periods.
C. Drier landscapes benefit from fewer but more intense rain events.
D. Rainfall variability shows a relatively weaker influence on plant growth.
( ) 7. Which method did researchers use to measure plant responses to rainfall variability
A. Conducting field experiments in specific locations.
B. Monitoring rainfall totals using a network of satellites.
C. Measuring the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by plants.
D. Analyzing satellite imagery for vegetation density and health.
( ) 8. What is Feldman's attitude toward the findings of this study
A. Cautious. B. Positive.
C. Skeptical. D. Neutral.
Ⅲ. 语法填空。[2025龙岩连城一中月考]
The 1. ________ (high) anticipated animated film Ne Zha Reborn Into the World of Chaos is set to grace(使增色) the Spring Festival movie lineup. This film is a sequel to the blockbuster Ne Zha: Birth of the Demon Child and has been generating a great deal of buzz among audiences.
In this new section, Ne Zha is reborn and confronts even greater challenges and adventures. The story 2. ________ (unfold) with Ne Zha's unique powers and his unruly nature, once again causing a stir. However, with the plot 3. ________ (progress), he must face his fortune and the forces of evil 4. ________ threaten the world. With the help of his friends and family, Ne Zha starts a journey of self discovery and 5. _______ (grow), learning to control his powers and become a true hero.
The film 6. ________ (expect) to showcase stunning visual effects, building on the success of its predecessor. The animation team has been working tirelessly to create 7. ________ vivid and immersive world, with detailed character designs and spectacular action sequences. From the mythical creatures to the magical landscapes, every frame is meticulously crafted to bring the story 8. ________ life. The voice cast of Ne Zha Reborn Into the World of Chaos features some of 9. ________ (talented) actors in the industry. Their performances are sure to add depth and personality to the characters, 10. _______ (make) them even more endearing and relatable to the audience.
Ⅳ. 连句成文：逐句翻译下列句子，然后增加适当的过渡词语，把它们连成一篇小短文。
1. 我们的生命无非就是我们的时间。(nothing more than)
2. 浪费时间就是一种自杀。(be equal to)
3. 当我们想到死亡时，我们会惊恐不已，因此不遗余力、不惜一切代价来保全生命。(preserve life)
4. 我们常常对损失一小时或一天的时间无动于衷，忘记了我们的生命原本就是我们生活的每一小时、每一天的总和。(the sum total of)
5. 浪费时间就意味着丧失生命。(mean)
6. 人生短暂，总共不过七八十年。(measure)
7. 其中近三分之二的时间必须花在睡觉、吃饭和一些其他事情上。(nearly)
8. 如果现在把这些年都从我们的寿命中扣除，我们会发现能受我们支配的有效工作时间大约只有二三十年。(be deducted from our lifespan)
9. 记住这一点的人永远不会心甘情愿地浪费他生命中的分分秒秒。(willingly)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Period 2 Language focus on Reading(2)
【活动方案】
Activity 1：
The text is mainly about an astronaut's daily life on a space station, which introduces what an astronaut experiences in terms of sleep, eating, work and exercise.
From the text, we may learn that it is rewarding to do some work on a space station. Although the low gravity brings astronauts some inconvenience, and even danger, they feel all the challenges of life in space seem worth it when they get to see the sunrise every 90 minutes.
Activity 2：
Ⅰ. 1—5 GAECD 6—10 BFIHJ
Ⅱ. 1. every would be astronaut's dream 2. come to an end 3. conduct scientific research
4. in a low gravity environment 5. carry out experiments 6. cast new light on … 7. in the circumstances 8. in view of 9. perform tasks
10. discipline oneself to do sth
Ⅲ. 1. creatures 2. unoccupied 3. permanent
4. leisure 5. mission 6. disciplining
7. visibly 8. absent 9. evaluation
10. Furthermore
Ⅳ. 1. designer; designed; designs 2. exposure；exposing 3. attachment; attached
4. considering; consideration 5. analyzed;
analysis
Activity 3：
Ⅰ. 1. astronauts 2. mission 3. In view of
4. evaluate 5. floating 6. ceiling 7. gravity
8. circumstances 9. Furthermore
10. occupied
Ⅱ. 1. going on 2. of vital importance 3. will set up 4. will take place 5. In view of
6. carrying out 7. In the circumstances
8. will cast new light on 9. to put on
10. differ from
Ⅲ. 1. Due to the lack of rain this year, the farmers had almost no harvest.
2. As well as helping her children finish their homework, she spends an hour reading her professional books.
3. With the boy leading the way, we had no difficulty finding the professor's house.
4. Angry as he was, he couldn't help smiling.
5. Considering the weather, we got here fairly quickly.
【自主评测】
Ⅰ. 1. don't bother 2. maintenance 3. it
4. despite 5. circumstances 6. that
7. vitality 8. radiated
Ⅱ. 1—5 BCBDC 6—8 CDB
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个总部位于加利福尼亚州的公司探索了创建世界上第一家太空酒店的想法。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段内容和第三段第一句可知，Gateway Foundation公司的目标是建造一个太空酒店。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Voyager Station团队利用减小的重力让客人进行一些在地球上无法做到的活动，这些活动属于娱乐活动。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，房间和酒吧里存在重力是为了让客人感觉和身处稳定行驶的巨轮上差不多，也就是为了让客人感到舒适。
4. 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段内容可知，文章主要介绍了世界上第一家太空酒店Voyager Station的设计和特色等相关信息。所以D项“第一家太空酒店即将开业”最适合做文章标题。
B
【语篇导读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国宇航局领导的一项新研究发现，降雨方式对世界植被的影响几乎和降雨量一样重要，并且强调了这项研究的重要性和意义。
5. 细节理解题。根据第一段内容和第二段中“Less well understood is the role of day to day variability”可知，美国宇航局领导的研究的主要关注点是每日降雨量变化对植被生长的影响。
6. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“a little over half grew better in years with fewer but more intense wet days. These include croplands as well as drier landscapes”可知，降雨天数更少但雨势更强时，干旱之地长势更好。
7. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“To measure plant response day to day … vegetation density and health.”可知，研究人员通过分析卫星图像中的植被密度和健康状况来测量植物对降雨量变化的反应。
8. 观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，Feldman认为这项发现意义重大，因此他对其持肯定的态度。
Ⅲ. 1. highly 2. unfolds 3. progressing
4. that/which 5. growth 6. is expected
7. a 8. to 9. the most talented 10. making
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动画电影《哪吒之魔童闹海》的相关内容。
1. 考查副词。修饰形容词anticipated需用副词highly，做状语，意为“极其，非常”。
2. 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处描述的是故事的一般情况，用一般现在时；主语The story是单数，谓语动词unfold使用第三人称单数形式。
3. 考查非谓语动词。此处是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构，the plot和progress为逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词形式。
4. 考查定语从句。先行词the forces of evil指物，空处引导限制性定语从句，在从句中做主语，因此应填关系代词that或which。
5. 考查名词。此处与self discovery并列做介词of的宾语，因此应填名词growth。
6. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；主语The film和expect之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态；主语为单数，be动词用is。
7. 考查冠词。world为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且vivid发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。
8. 考查介词。固定搭配bring sth to life，意为“使某物生动起来”。
9. 考查形容词最高级。此处表示“业内最具才华的演员”，因此应填形容词的最高级形式the most talented。
10. 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词做状语，make和前面的句子为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词做结果状语。
Ⅳ. 1. Our life is nothing more than our time. 2. Therefore, to kill time is equal to a form of suicide. 3. We are scared when we think of death, so we spare no pains and no expense to preserve life. 4. But we are too often indifferent to the loss of an hour or of a day, forgetting that our life is the sum total of the hours and of the days we live. 5. Wasting time means the loss of life. 6. Our life is a brief span measuring some seventy or eighty years in all. 7. But nearly two thirds of this time has to be spent on sleep, meals and some other things. 8. Now if all these years were to be deducted from our lifespan, we shall find only twenty or thirty years at our disposal for active work. 9. Whoever remembers this can never willingly waste a single moment of his life.Period 4 Integrated skills
Ⅰ. Listen to a conversation about aliens and try to listen for some words or phrases that have a positive or negative meaning.
Ⅱ. Read a comic strip about aliens and finish the tasks in Part B on P23.
Ⅲ. Learn to continue a story after learning about its given part.
文 体 常 识
一、 文体分析
读后续写(continuation writing)的阅读材料一般以350词以内的记叙文或夹叙夹议文为主，偶尔有少量议论文。考生要在此文的后面续写150词左右的文字与上文构成一篇完整的短文。一般来说，记叙文浅显易懂，但故事情节多曲折动人，故事线索的逻辑性也较强。要求考生续写的部分多是故事发展的高潮或结局，情节曲折跌宕，线索性和逻辑性较强。考生要抓住故事的叙事线索，依据原文的写作思路续写文章，并适当发挥。
续写一般分为两类：半开放性续写和完全开放性续写。半开放性续写要求考生务必根据文章的逻辑推理续写。完全开放性续写则要求考生依据文章的思路自由发挥。续写时要尽可能与原材料的中心思想和语言风格保持一致，并要有创新性。
读后续写不是随心所欲地写，而是要基于所给段落开头语完成续写部分。其中，段落开头语与传统写作中的开头语类似，在某种程度上引导考生的思路向某个方面发展，所续写部分不能脱离各自的段落开头语另起炉灶，要在其基础上进行拓展发挥。
读后续写要求读写并重，需要考生对已给材料有精确的理解，这样所续写部分才不至于偏离主题。就这方面而言，读后续写有点类似阅读理解题中对文章后续发展的推断，如：What would happen next
续写部分的思路和内容并不一定是唯一的，考生可根据自己对上文材料的理解，对文章的结尾做出不同的诠释。
二、 好句积累
1. The smile on her face shone like a diamond.
2. A smile of understanding flashed across his face.
3. A ripple of excitement ran through them.
4. Unforgettable were her eyes that shone like diamonds and lips held in a steady smile.
5. I was wild with joy.
6. Her eyes were sparkling like diamonds.
7. She was overflowing with happiness.
8. Her flushed face was shining with excitement.
9. Joy welled up inside her.
10. Amusement gleamed in his eyes.
实 践 运 用
Fortune Cookie Friends
Jenny frowned(皱眉) as she helped her mother and father set out the cooking supplies in the shiny steel kitchen. Her family had just moved here from San Francisco, having bought a small restaurant, which was set to open in the next few days.
“Moving here was a dumb idea，” Jenny complained mostly to herself.
“What's that？” her mother asked, opening a box and lifting out several pots.
“Nothing，” Jenny mumbled(咕哝). The girl had been angry about the move, but her parents had made the decision and were now too busy getting ready for the grand opening to listen to her complaints.
The first few days at her new school hadn't been easy, either. She found it hard to talk to people she didn't know, and it seemed like the students hadn't even noticed her. Jenny sighed and got back to washing dishes.
On the day of the grand opening, Jenny's parents were all smiles, welcoming customers into the restaurant, brightly decorated in gold and red. Even Jenny was in a good mood as she rushed around, seating guests, handing out menus, and pouring tall glasses of water. This was a big day for her family.
At one of the tables sat a family with two daughters who were about Jenny's age. As she filled their glasses, Jenny realized the twins were in her class. Jenny ducked her head down so her long hair covered her face, and she turned away from the table.
Jenny's mother found her soon after, in the kitchen loading the dishwasher.
“Honey, what are you doing back here We need you out front with the customers.”
“Mom, I don't want to be out there. There are kids from school！”
“So？” her mother asked. “That's good! Go to take them some fortune cookies and say hello！” she said to Jenny, pointing at the fortune cookie paper which read, “Many friends are found with a single smile.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
写作指导
审题 1. 文体：记叙文。 2. 时态：以一般过去时为主。 3. 人称：以第三人称为主，兼顾其他人称。
谋篇 步骤一：布局文章框架； 步骤二：列出核心要点。
Jenny absently read the fortune cookie paper.________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
She placed the cookies down, and bravely looked the girls in the eyes. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词：根据汉语或首字母提示，用单词适当形式填空。
1. The programme presented a balanced view of the two sides of the ______ (冲突).
2. The government is to provide more money for job _______ (创造).
3. When I first went to New York, it all felt very _______ (陌生的) to me.
4. Students will design a _______ (背景) for taking graduation photos according to their major.
5. I'll need to discuss this with my business _______ (合伙人).
6. He gave a v__________ account of his life as a fighter pilot.
7. This programme o__________ the development of language in children.
8. Concern for the environment is at the c__________ of our policies.
9. My aim was to make everyone know about the author, the characters and the p__________．
10. You don't have to use your i__________ when you're watching television.
Ⅱ. 根据语境用适当的介词或副词填空。
1. In their cages the monkeys were provided _______ touch screens.
2. Museums must compete _______ people's spare time and money with other amusements.
3. The teacher gave _______ photocopies to all the children.
4. The answer _______ this question is not clear.
5. Like so many others, the little tramp and his friend rushed to California in search _______ gold, but in vain.
6. The theory supposes the existence of life _______ other planets.
7. She pushed the cup _______ me.
8. In my opinion, students can benefit a lot _______ doing some housework.
9. They arrived at the class _______ low spirits and left with a smile.
10. The small town of Rjukan in Norway is located _______ several mountains.
Ⅲ. 选词填空：从方框中选择恰当的短语填空。
attach importance to; happen to; think of; work out; break down
1. She _______ be out when we called.
2. To be honest, a lot of people _______ becoming rich and famous.
3. I'm _______ applying for a new job.
4. It took me some time to _______ what was causing this accident.
5. Because he was being so kind and concerned, I _______ and cried.
Ⅳ. 完成句子。
1. 邻居们借助一把梯子把孩子们从大火中救了出来。
____________________________________ a ladder, neighbours were able to rescue the children from the blaze.
2. 科学家们想努力弄清楚火星上是否存在生命。
Scientists made efforts to __________________________ whether life of some kind exists on Mars.
3. 你可以基于自己的喜好选房间。
You will be able to choose a room __________________ your own personal tastes.
4. 一切有关人员必须通力合作，以便能在这个问题上达成协议。
All those concerned must ____________________ in order that agreement can be reached on this issue.
5. 在下公交车时，你必须倍加小心。
When _____________________ the bus, you can't be too careful.
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. We dislike _______ when you speak with food in your mouth.
2. I take a fairly relaxed attitude _______ what the kids wear to school.
3. I appreciate the atmosphere _______ students can express their own opinions in class freely.
4. At the end of the journey, we were tired _______ happy.
5. Most information was collected by direct _______ (observe) of the animals' behaviour.
6. Going into hospital can be very _______ (frighten) for a child.
7. Do you know what is likely _______ (occur) in your life if you don't master a skill
8. At last, he managed _______ (get) a good price for the car.
9. This report offered the most specific and accurate _______ (describe) of the problems.
10. _______ (draw) maps properly, you need a special pen.
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
A
If humans attempt to establish communities on the Moon or other planets, what will they eat A new experiment has begun to determine if meat cells can grow in space.
Even on the Earth, growing meat from cells is challenging. Cow cells(though any animal's meat could be used) are fed essential nutrients like amino acids and carbohydrates. These cells multiply until muscle tissue forms, eventually creating consumable meat through a process called “cultivation(培养)”. This method involves growing meat in tanks that resemble brewery setups more than traditional farms, bypassing the life cycle of animals raised for meat—birth, life and kill. “Animal cells grow slowly，” explains David Humbird, a chemical engineer. “If bacteria were to get into the cultivation, they would multiply more rapidly than the animal cells, effectively taking over and halting animal cell production. You end up with a culture of bacteria instead, which is useless and must be discarded，” he adds.
Humbird further clarifies that cells cultivated on consumable materials primarily consist of sugar, amino acids and water. Consequently, the caloric value of these lab grown cells will always be lower than the input materials. At the best case one could probably recover 25% of the calories for consumption. This raises the question, “Why transport all those calories into space just to waste 75% of them？”
Karen Nyberg, a former astronaut, emphasizes the crucial role of food in space missions. “Food like powdered milk and that sort of thing comes as a regular source for astronauts, but space grown meat is a novelty we lack. Any advancement in this area significantly boosts our morale and eases our pressure.” For extended missions away from the Earth, access to fresh produce becomes essential for maintaining crew health.
Indeed, if humanity intends to establish a presence on Mars, how to provide astronauts with nutrient rich food that doesn't spoil—and tastes good—is a crucial yet complex puzzle that must be addressed.
( ) 1. What is a key challenge in cell based meat production
A. High cost of nutrients.
B. Difficulty in keeping tanks.
C. Lack of suitable cells.
D. Slow cell growth rate.
( ) 2. What does David Humbird think of growing meat in space
A. It is resource inefficient.
B. It is promising.
C. It is cost effective.
D. It is unethical.
( ) 3. Why does Karen support growing meat in space
A. It reduces the cost of transporting food from the Earth.
B. It provides diverse food choices for astronauts.
C. It facilitates long term medical development.
D. It tastes much better than powdered milk.
( ) 4. What is the best title for the passage
A. Will Lab Grown Meat Help Feed Astronauts
B. Will Astronauts Like Cell Cultured Meat
C. Food Revolution: From Tube to Table
D. The Rise of Bioengineered Food
B[2025邵阳、邵东期末联考]
On a cold morning in May, I received a fascinating email from a high school friend, inviting me to a 10 day all female surfing adventure in Portugal. The offer was irresistible, and I instantly knew my answer was yes. The trip seemed simple enough. Ten women, ranging from 30 to 45 years old, all strangers, would gather on the Portuguese coast to accept the challenge of surfing the Atlantic waves. As a fan of travel, I quickly sought permission from my boss for this once in a lifetime journey.
Through my 33 years, I've observed a common adult tendency: We often limit ourselves to improving skills we already have. There's a certain pride in improving our expert knowledge, becoming increasingly knowledgeable in our chosen fields, yet unintentionally, this focus often leaves other skills undeveloped and leads to ignoring other areas of potential growth.
Two days later, I arrived in Ericeira, a charming surf town, where I met my surfing group. Despite our different personalities and backgrounds, we were all united in a passionate desire to challenge ourselves, learn, tackle and grow.
The shores at Ericeira, where the beginners learn to surf, are shallow and covered with slippery rocks. They make for softer waves but are difficult to navigate(驾驭). Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air. Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn't matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked. Learning a new skill taught me the humbleness that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you've been working on.
While surfing might not be my calling, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life, to step outside of my comfort zone and to never stop believing in myself. You never know what you're capable of if you don't go out there and try.
( ) 5. What motivated the author to join the surf trip to Portugal
A. The longing to seek and enjoy a challenge.
B. The need to reunite with a high school friend.
C. The love to meet strangers with shared interest.
D. The chance to undertake work duties in Portugal.
( ) 6. What is a common tendency among adults according to the author
A. They refuse to upgrade their professional skills.
B. They tend to improve their existing skills only.
C. They avoid exploring new areas on purpose.
D. They are too proud to improve themselves.
( ) 7. Which of the following can best describe the author's surfing experiences
A. Tough but worthwhile. B. Common and smooth.
C. Boring and discouraging. D. Relaxing but unpredictable.
( ) 8. What does the text want to convey
A. Birds of a feather flock together.
B. He who laughs last laughs best.
C. Life begins at the end of your comfort zone.
D. The grass is always greener on the other side.
Ⅲ. 七选五。[2025十堰普通高中联合体月考]
While the key to success in both personal and professional relationships lies in your ability to communicate well, it's not the words that you use but your nonverbal cues or “body language” that speak the loudest. Body language is the use of physical behavior, expressions, and mannerisms to communicate nonverbally, often done instinctively rather than consciously. __1__．
Facial expressions. The human face is extremely expressive. __2__. And facial expressions are universal. The facial expressions of happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, and disgust are the same across cultures.
Body movements and postures. Consider how your perceptions(看法) of people are affected by the way they sit, walk, stand, or hold their head. __3__. This type of nonverbal communication includes your postures and your unnoticeable movements.
Gestures. You may wave, point, or use your hands when arguing or speaking energetically, often expressing yourself with gestures without thinking. However, the meaning of some gestures can be very different across cultures. __4__， for example, usually conveys a positive message in English speaking countries, it's considered offensive in countries such as Germany, Russia, and Brazil. So, it's important to be careful of using gestures so as to avoid misinterpretation.
Space. Have you ever felt uneasy during a talk because the other person was standing too close __5__， although that need differs depending on the culture, the situation, and the closeness of the relationship. You can use it to communicate many different nonverbal messages, including signals of closeness and affection or aggression.
A. The way you move and carry yourself communicates a wealth of information
B. There are many different types of nonverbal communication or body language
C. While the “OK” sign made with the hand
D. It is able to convey countless emotions without saying a word
E. Do you still remember the most embarrassed moment you have ever experienced
F. Everyone should pay more attention to physical behavior in a formal occasion
G. We all have a need for physical space
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______
Ⅳ. 读后续写。[2025长沙雅礼中学月考]
A Mysterious Encounter on the Moon
Chinese astronauts Zhang Wei and Liu Mei, feeling proud to represent China's space exploration, walked out of their lunar module onto the Moon's surface. The Moon looked lonely and empty. The ground was covered with a thin layer of gray white dust. Big meteorite craters(陨石坑) were all over the place. Some were as large as small towns on the Earth. Their edges were sharp, like cuts on the Moon. The Sun was shining brightly, making strong, dark shadows.
When they were doing their science work, collecting samples and setting up tools, something bad happened. Their communication device made a loud sharp noise, and they lost touch with the Earth. Zhang Wei stopped suddenly, his eyes wide open in shock. Liu Mei's hands shook a little as she tried to fix the device. Her face turned pale with worry. “What can we do？” Liu Mei asked in a low, nervous voice. But they knew they had to be brave and keep going.
While they were moving forward, they found some strange, evenly spaced(均匀间隔的) marks on the ground. These marks were different from the random dents(凹坑) made by meteors(流星). Curious, they decided to follow the trail. The air was full of tension, and they walked carefully. After a while, they saw a faint, strange light coming from a deep valley far away. Their hearts were beating fast, with a mix of fear and excitement. They looked at each other, full of doubt, and then decided to go closer.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
When they walked into the shining building, many strange symbols on the walls caught their eyes right away.______________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The voice seemed to be trying to talk to them._____________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅴ. 自我拓展提升。
积累阅读语块(整理自己感兴趣的单词、短语、经典句)。
Period 4 Integrated skills
【活动方案】
Activity 1：
“实践运用”参考范文
Jenny_absently_read_the_fortune_cookie_paper. She suddenly realized something. She grabbed a handful of fortune cookies that they gave out after every meal, but first she tore open a wrapper and cracked a cookie open for herself. She popped a sweet, crunchy piece in her mouth. Then, she put a handful of cookies into a small tray and left the kitchen. Jenny sighed. Mustering up her courage, she approached the table where the twins and their parents were finishing their meal.
She_placed_the_cookies_down,_and_bravely_looked_the_girls_in_the_eyes. “Thank you for coming to our restaurant！” Jenny said with a smile. “Oh, fortune cookies! I love these！” cried one of the girls, reaching for the tray. The other sister looked at Jenny carefully and her eyes lit up with recognition. Then they introduced themselves to each other. Everyone was very happy and they talked a lot about their school and classmates. Later they made an appointment to hang out together. Jenny tried to downplay the swell of happiness she felt, but she wasn't succeeding.
Activity 2：
Ⅰ. 1. conflict 2. creation 3. alien 4. setting 5. partner(s) 6. vivid 7. outlines 8. core
9. plot 10. imagination
Ⅱ. 1. with 2. for 3. out 4. to 5. of 6. on
7. towards 8. from 9. in 10. between
Ⅲ. 1. happened to 2. attach importance to
3. thinking of 4. work out 5. broke down
Ⅳ. 1. With the help of 2. find out 3. based on 4. work together 5. getting off
【自主评测】
Ⅰ. 1. it 2. towards 3. where 4. but
5. observation 6. frightening 7. to occur
8. to get 9. description 10. To draw
Ⅱ. 1—5 DABAA 6—8 BAC
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了在太空中培养肉类的可能性、面临的挑战及其对宇航员的意义。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Animal cells grow slowly”可知，细胞生长缓慢是以细胞为基础的肉类生产面临的一个关键挑战。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，在太空中培养肉会浪费75%的卡路里，因此David Humbird认为这一做法的资源利用效率低下。
3. 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，Karen支持在太空中培养肉，因为它能提供多样化的食物选择，从而提升宇航员的士气、减轻他们的压力。
4. 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据首尾段内容可知，文章主要探讨了在太空中培养肉类的可能性、面临的挑战及其对宇航员的意义。所以，A项“实验室培育肉能否为宇航员的食物供给提供帮助？”最适合做本文标题。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者参加葡萄牙女性冲浪冒险之旅的经历，展示了尝试新技能和走出自我舒适区的重要性。
5. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“to accept the challenge of surfing the Atlantic waves. As a fan of travel, I quickly sought permission from my boss for this once in a lifetime journey.”可知，作者收到了高中朋友的邀请，并且觉得这是一个无法抗拒的提议，她立即决定参加这次充满挑战的冲浪冒险。
6. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I've observed a common adult tendency: We often limit ourselves to improving skills we already have”可知，作者认为当下成年人倾向于只提高自己现有的技能。
7. 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，本段描述了作者和团队在艰难的条件下冲浪。然而，尽管面临这些困难，作者仍然体验到了快乐和成就感，因为学习新技能给她带来了很多收获，故作者的冲浪经历是“艰难但值得的”。
8. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者收到高中朋友的邀请，决定参加一项由不同年龄段的陌生女性组成的10天冲浪活动。尽管面临诸多困难，如不同的个性和背景、陌生的冲浪环境以及学习新技能的挑战，作者和队友们还是克服重重难关，最终体会到了学习新技能的乐趣和成就感。作者认为，尝试新事物和走出舒适区能够激发个人的潜力和自信心，同时也鼓励读者要勇于挑战自我，不断探索新的可能性。C项“生活从你舒适区的尽头开始”符合主旨。
Ⅲ. 1—5 BDACG
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在人际交往中，肢体语言的重要性及其各种表现形式，包括面部表情、身体动作和姿势、手势以及空间距离等。
1. 根据上文“Body language is the use of physical behavior, expressions, and mannerisms to communicate nonverbally, often done instinctively rather than consciously.”可知，上文提出肢体语言这一概念。B项“有许多不同类型的非语言交流或肢体语言”承上启下，自然引出下文对各种类型的肢体语言的介绍。
2. 根据上文“The human face is extremely expressive.”可知，上文指出人脸极具表现力。D项“它能够不说话就传达无数的情感”进一步解释了人脸是如何通过表情来表达情感的，与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。
3. 根据上文“Body movements and postures. Consider how your perceptions of people are affected by the way they sit, walk, stand, or hold their head.”可知，本段主题是身体动作和姿势。A项“你的动作和仪态举止传达了大量信息”与本段主题相符。
4. 根据下文“for example, usually conveys a positive message in English speaking countries, it's considered offensive in countries such as Germany, Russia, and Brazil. So, it's important to be careful of using gestures so as to avoid misinterpretation.”可知，下文举例说明某个手势在不同文化中的不同含义。C项“用手做出的‘OK’手势”自然引出下文。
5. 根据本段首句“Space.”可知，本段主题为空间。根据空后“although that need differs depending on the culture, the situation, and the closeness of the relationship”可推测，空处为主句，且和下文存在转折关系。G项“我们都对个人空间有需求”中的a need for physical space呼应下文need，上下文逻辑连贯。
Ⅳ. One possible version：
When_they_walked_into_the_shining_building,_many_strange_symbols_on_the_walls_caught_their_eyes_right_away. The symbols were unlike anything they had ever seen, glowing faintly in the dim light. Zhang Wei and Liu Mei exchanged puzzled glances, their curiosity piqued. They moved closer to examine the symbols, noticing intricate patterns that seemed to convey some sort of message. The room was filled with a soft hum, adding to the mystery of the place. They decided to take pictures and make notes, hoping to decipher the meaning later.
The_voice_seemed_to_be_trying_to_talk_to_them. It was a soft, melodic sound, echoing through the room. At first, they couldn't make out any words, but as they listened more closely, they began to pick up on a rhythm and tone. It was as if the voice was using music to communicate. Zhang Wei and Liu Mei looked at each other in amazement, their fear gradually being replaced by fascination. They tried to respond with their own voices, mimicking the rhythm, and to their surprise, the voice seemed to react, becoming more distinct. They realized they might have just made contact with something unknown on the Moon.
Ⅴ. 略Period 6 Extended reading(2) & Project
Review the text of “Why we explore” by retelling it in your own words. You may begin like this：
The text is mainly about …， which …
From the text, we may learn that …
Ⅰ. 词义匹配。
( ) 1. purse A. the amount of money that is available to a person, an organization or a government to spend
( ) 2. tale B. a story created using the imagination, especially one that is full of action and adventure
( ) 3. origin C. a spacecraft designed to be used, for example, for travelling between the earth and a space station
( ) 4. frequency D. a person who helps or supports sb, usually in their job
( ) 5. motive E. a person whose job is repairing machines, especially the engines of vehicles
( ) 6. mechanic F. to use numbers to find out a total number, amount, distance, etc.
( ) 7. calculate G. a reason for doing sth
( ) 8. assistant H. the rate at which sth happens or is repeated
( ) 9. shuttle I. protection from rain, danger or attack
( )10. shelter J. the point from which sth starts; the cause of sth
Ⅱ. 短语热身。
一、 从课文中找到以下短语的英文表达。
1. 登上月球 ______________
2. 太阳系 ______________
3. 花费了一大笔钱 ______________
4. 扩大了我们对宇宙的理解 ______________
5. 提高我们在地球上的生活质量 ______________
6. 我们对未知的好奇心 ______________
7. 渴望探索茂密的原始森林 ______________
8. 弄明白；理解 ______________
9. 对……做出了重大贡献 ______________
10. 继续探索太空的强大动力 ______________
二、 从Project中找到以下短语的英文表达。
1. 地貌；地表特征 ______________
2. 定居火星 ______________
3. 增加患癌症和其他疾病的风险 ______________
4. 沙尘暴 ______________
5. 阻挡阳光到达地表 ______________
6. 建设核电站 ______________
7. 高剂量辐射 ______________
8. 永久的庇护 ______________
9. 保护我们免受辐射危害 ______________
10. 满足我们的能源需求 ______________
Ⅲ. 单句语境填词：根据汉语或首字母提示，用单词适当形式填空。
1. Don't worry. I will have my _______ (助理) get in touch with you.
2. Everything in the room was covered with a thick layer of _______ (尘土).
3. Any event attended by the actor received widespread media _______ (新闻报道).
4. Cutting food intake by half is an _______ (极其) difficult thing for anyone to do.
5. Sound waves, light waves, and radio waves have a certain _______ (频率), or number of waves per second.
6. The stones have been worn smooth by the c__________ flow of water.
7. The project has demanded considerable i__________ of time and effort.
8. The question of the o__________ of the universe is still hotly debated by scientists.
9. Rescue workers built s__________ for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
10. To our relief, the m__________ has already finished repairing the car.
Ⅳ. 句式仿写：观察例句的句式结构，根据中文仿写句子。
1. The reality is that space exploration is extremely difficult and dangerous, can take a very long time and costs a huge amount of money.(the reality is that句型)
[Imitation]实际情况是没有足够的钱花在这个项目上。
__________________________________________________________________
2. As Stephen Hawking once said, “Remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet …”(as sb said句型)
[Imitation]正如爱因斯坦所言：“想象力比知识更重要”。
__________________________________________________________________
3. It is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun.(it is … that强调句型)
[Imitation]正是靠他巨大的努力，他在医学界取得了成功。
__________________________________________________________________
4. … it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be mass produced and launched in the near future.(it is likely that句型)
[Imitation]明年的这个时候我们很可能会在西班牙。
__________________________________________________________________
5. It has been calculated that the global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year.(it has been calculated that句型)
[Imitation]据估算，去年至少47 000人次失去了工作。
__________________________________________________________________
Ⅰ. 根据语境用适当的介词或副词填空。
1. There are a number of words in English that are French _______ origin.
2. He's overloaded _______ responsibilities.
3. Babies are curious _______ everything around them.
4. They marched silently _______ the forests.
5. Pressure applied _______ the wound will stop the bleeding.
6. This was utterly _______ her comprehension.
7. The waves drove _______ the shore.
8. An ugly new building blocked the view _______ the window.
9. The article gives us a real insight _______ the causes of the present economic crisis.
10. He's always had a thirst _______ adventure.
Ⅱ. 选词填空：从方框中选择恰当的短语填空。
by far; make sense; be bathed in; look up; take advantage of; make contributions to
1. I admire Edison a lot because he _______ the world.
2. It is surprising that it has taken people so long _______ such a win win opportunity.
3. It was _______ the worst speech he had ever made.
4. It _______ to work on the problem before it gets out of control.
5. I think we should lead spring into our classroom so that everyone here may _______ the sunshine.
6. She _______ from her book as I entered the room.
Ⅲ. 完成句子。
1. 我发现树上的苹果很难够到。
I find the apples on the tree are hard ________________________．
2. 全班同学看着他，他感到更不自然了。
He felt more uneasy with the whole class ________________________ him.
3. 随着春天的到来，来了许多新邻居。
_______________________________________ a lot of new neighbours.
4. 我昨天是在超市里偶遇了我以前的英语老师。
It was in the supermarket that I __________________________ my former English teacher yesterday.
5. 据粗略计算，仅1997年就有约230万人死于艾滋病。
______________________ that in 1997 alone, about 2.3 million people died of HIV.
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. As is known to all, energy is _______ makes things work.
2. She longed _______ (find) somebody who could understand her problems.
3. _______ he will come to our village tomorrow surprises us all.
4. I am sure we'll both get _______ better understanding of our traditional culture in this activity.
5. The output of steel this year has increased 20% compared with _______ of last year.
6. This combination of qualities is generally supposed to be _______ (extreme) rare.
7. His _______ (inspire) to fly came even before he joined the army.
8. Let me tell you _______ (brief) what happened.
9. The medicine came into widespread use, thus _______ (save) a lot of lives.
10. Though _______ (face) with a lot of challenges, she still keeps optimistic.
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
A[2024聊城三中质量检测]
Compared to robots, human bodies are flexible, capable of fine movements, and can change energy efficiently into movement. Drawing inspiration from human gaits, researchers from Japan crafted a two legged biohybrid robot by combining muscle tissues and artificial materials. This method allows the robot to walk and pivot.
“Research on biohybrid robots, which are a mix of biology and mechanics, is recently attracting attention as a new field of robotics featuring biological function，” says corresponding author Shoji Takeuchi of the University of Tokyo, Japan. “Using muscles as actuators allows us to build a compact robot and achieve efficient, silent movements with a soft touch.”
The research team's two legged robot, an innovative bipedal design, builds on the legacy of biohybrid robots that take advantage of muscles. Muscle tissues have driven biohybrid robots to crawl and swim straight forward and make turns—but not sharp ones. Yet, being able to pivot and make sharp turns is an essential feature for robots to avoid obstacles.
To build a nimbler robot with fine and delicate movements, the researchers designed a biohybrid robot that copies human gaits and operates in water. By alternating the electric stimulation between the left and right leg every 5 seconds, the biohybrid robot successfully “walked” at the speed of 5.4 mm/min(0.002 mph). To turn, researchers repeatedly zapped the right leg every 5 seconds while the left leg served as an anchor.
The robot made a 90 degree left turn in 62 seconds. The findings showed that the muscle driven bipedal robot can walk, stop, and make fine tuned turning motions.
“Currently, we are manually moving a pair of electrodes to apply an electric field individually to the legs, which takes time，” says Takeuchi. “In the future, by integrating the electrodes into the robot, we expect to increase the speed more efficiently.”
The team also plans to give joints and thicker muscle tissues to the bipedal robot to enable more complicated and powerful movements.
( ) 1. What is the weakness of a robot
A. Awkward to move.
B. Complex to operate.
C. Tough to control.
D. Easy to lose energy.
( ) 2. What does the underlined word “nimbler” in Paragraph 4 mean
A. More stylish. B. More flexible.
C. More intelligent. D. More suitable.
( ) 3. What will the team do next
A. Add more power to the bipedal robot.
B. Expand the use of the bipedal robot.
C. Better the bipedal robot's movements.
D. Apply an electric field to the bipedal robot.
( ) 4. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Biohybrid Robots Are a Mix of Biology and Mechanics
B. Human Bodies Are Flexible, Capable of Fine Movements
C. Making Sharp Turns Is Essential for Robots to Avoid Obstacles
D. Scientists Designed a Two Legged Robot Powered by Muscle Tissues
B[2025南通海安高级中学月考]
According to an idea called the “inflationary(暴胀的) multiverse”， the universe has been constantly expanding, which would have created a countless number of other universes. Collectively, these universal islands form what scientists call a “multiverse”. However, other universes may lie beyond our scientific reach, physically and philosophically. Consequently, the methodologies by which physicists might validate(验证) the multiverse and whether such validation is even possible remain unresolved inquiries.
In science, hypotheses(假说) are used to propose explanations, but from hypotheses to theories, validation of predictions is essential to see whether initial assumptions are supported or disproved. Theoretical physicist Carlo Rovelli says, “It is hard to write theories that survive the proof of reality. Few survive thanks to a basic idea: Do not trust your fancies. Keep only the ideas that can be tested.” Rovelli adds, “Today many physicists are wasting time trying to guess and jumping to conclusions. This approach has never worked before, and it is not working now. The multiverse might be one of those wild guesses.”
Now, physicists are debating whether that problem moves the multiverse from physics to metaphysics(玄学), from the world of science to that of philosophy. Philosopher Richard Dawid believes scientists could support the multiverse hypotheses without actually finding physical support. “If we have a theory that seems to work, and have come up with nothing that works better, then chances are that our idea is right，” he says. Not everyone is so cheerful, though. Sabine Hossenfelder, another theoretical physicist, thinks, “Without making contact with observation, a theory isn't part of the natural sciences, and not physics.”
Some supporters of the multiverse claim they have found physical evidence. Andrei Linde insists, “Our universe seems fine tuned to be favourable to life, with a four dimensional space in which we can live. It is certain that in an endlessly inflating multiverse, one of the universes should turn out like ours. Each universe can have different physical laws and fundamentals. Given limitless changes, a universe on which humans can be born will be born. The multiverse actually explains why we're here. And our existence, therefore, helps explain why the multiverse is plausible．”
Just as Einstein's theory of general relativity could only be confirmed recently with a billion dollar instrument called LIGO, scientists may eventually discover more direct evidence of the multiverse. So far, all of science has relied on testability, but those tests take time, and most theoreticians want to wait it out. They are not ready to shelve an idea like the multiverse—which could actually be the answer to life, the universe and everything—until and unless they can prove to themselves it doesn't exist. And that day may never come.
( ) 5. What does Carlo Rovelli think of the multiverse
A. It is a crazy idea. B. It can be tested.
C. It is widely accepted. D. It comes from reality.
( ) 6. What does the underlined word “plausible” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Fascinating. B. Complex.
C. Essential. D. Credible.
( ) 7. What does the author imply in the last paragraph
A. Testing the multiverse theory is a waste of time.
B. The multiverse theory will be confirmed one day.
C. Einstein's theory of relativity is the answer to life.
D. The multiverse research has made a breakthrough.
( ) 8. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. Mysteries of Multiverse: Fine Tuned for Life
B. Can Physicists Ever Prove the Multiverse Is Real
C. The Inflationary Multiverse: Proven Beyond Doubt
D. Have Physicists Lost Their Minds in the Multiverse
Ⅲ. 完形填空。[2025常德一中月考]
For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible. Trujillo, however, is an aerospace __1__ who leads a team at the NASA laboratory __2__ for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover(火星探测器).
How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to __3__ exploring it That's a tale of __4__ written in the stars.
Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Trujillo was __5__ of her enthusiasm for science. But she doubted how far she'd be able to __6__ in a male dominated field. Then her dad offered to send her to Miami. Only 17 at the time, she __7__ the offer.
Trujillo took a series of housekeeping __8__ to put herself through Miami Dade College. Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her __9__. But she didn't __10__. “I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.”
Then came another __11__ moment. She became the first Hispanic(西班牙语国家的) woman to be __12__ to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.
This February, when the Perseverance rover __13__ on the surface of Mars, it was accompanied by commentary(解说) from Trujillo in NASA's first ever Spanish language __14__．
Trujillo's own story is __15__ that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.
( ) 1. A. sponsor B. ambassador C. engineer D. leader
( ) 2. A. suitable B. responsible C. capable D. remarkable
( ) 3. A. actually B. gradually C. accurately D. repeatedly
( ) 4. A. curiosity B. kindness C. enthusiasm D. talent
( ) 5. A. certain B. anxious C. content D. fond
( ) 6. A. adapt B. motivate C. rise D. apply
( ) 7. A. made up B. brightened up C. picked up D. took up
( ) 8. A. measures B. events C. jobs D. steps
( ) 9. A. studies B. teachings C. lectures D. investigations
( )10. A. commit B. conclude C. compete D. complain
( )11. A. life changing B. goal setting
C. eye opening D. heart warming
( )12. A. connected B. admitted C. arranged D. planned
( )13. A. stressed B. produced C. landed D. touched
( )14. A. advertisement B. broadcast
C. comment D. performance
( )15. A. truth B. information C. conclusion D. proof
Ⅳ. 语法填空。[2025安徽鼎尖名校期末联考]
The Old Town of Lijiang is located on the Lijiang plain in Yunnan Province, China, 1. _______ a height of 2，400 meters, which is one of the last surviving ancient towns in China. It has preserved 2. _______ historic townscape of high quality and authenticity.
The architecture of the Old Town of Lijiang is well known for the blending(融合) of elements from several cultures, and 3. _______ (it) ancient water supply system of great 4. _______ (complex) still functions effectively today.
The Old Town of Lijiang is also known as Dayan Town, 5._______ (mean) large ink stone, as it is laid out in the shape of a traditional Chinese ink stone. With Square Street as the central thoroughfare(大街), it has houses 6. _______ (make) of stone and wood, 7. _______ combine the architectural features of the Han, Bai and Tibetan ethnic groups, as well as the Naxi.
A typical house has two 8. _______ (story). On the first floor, there are three main rooms facing south, with three more rooms on each side. The three main rooms are for the elders, while the side rooms are for the younger members of the family. The roof edges 9. _______ (decorate) with fish shaped boards, known 10. _______ (local) as “suspended fish”. In Chinese, “fish” and “surplus” sound the same, so the fish is a sort of prayer for wealth.
Period 6 Extended reading(2) & Project
【活动方案】
Activity 1：
The text is mainly about the reasons for space exploration, which contributes to the advances in science and technology and provides education and inspiration for the next generation.
From the text, we may learn that the future of space exploration is bright and promising.
Activity 2：
Ⅰ. 1—5 ABJHG 6—10 EFDCI
Ⅱ. 一、 1. land on the Moon 2. the solar system
3. cost a huge amount of money 4. expand our understanding of the universe 5. enhance the quality of our lives on the Earth 6. our curiosity about the unknown 7. long to visit thick and wild forests 8. make sense of
9. make major contributions to … 10. a strong motive for continuing to explore space
二、 1. surface features 2. settle on Mars
3. increase the risks of contracting cancer and other diseases 4. dust storms 5. block sunlight from reaching the surface 6. construct nuclear power stations 7. high levels of radiation 8. permanent shelter 9. protect us against radiation 10. meet our energy needs
Ⅲ. 1. assistant 2. dust 3. coverage
4. incredibly 5. frequency 6. constant
7. investment 8. origin 9. shelters
10. mechanic
Ⅳ. 1. The reality is that there is not enough money to pay for this project.
2. As Einstein said, “Imagination is more important than knowledge.”
3. It is with his great efforts that he has achieved success in the field of medicine.
4. It's quite likely that we'll be in Spain this time next year.
5. It has been calculated that at least 47，000 jobs were lost last year.
Activity 3：
Ⅰ. 1. in 2. with 3. about 4. through 5. to
6. beyond 7. against 8. from 9. into
10. for
Ⅱ. 1. made contributions to 2. to take advantage of 3. by far 4. makes sense 5. be bathed in
6. looked up
Ⅲ. 1. to reach 2. staring at 3. With the approach of spring come 4. came across
5. It is roughly calculated
【自主评测】
Ⅰ. 1. what 2. to find 3. That 4. a 5. that 6. extremely 7. inspiration 8. briefly
9. saving 10. faced
Ⅱ. 1—5 ABCDA 6—8 DBB
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种两足机器人的特点和未来应用。
1. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Compared to robots, human bodies are flexible, capable of fine movements, and can change energy efficiently into movement.”可知，与机器人相比，人的身体更灵活，故机器人的弱点是难以移动。
2. 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“robot with fine and delicate movements, the researchers designed a biohybrid robot that copies human gaits and operates in water”可知，研究人员设计了一种生物混合机器人，它可以模仿人类的步态，并在水中操作，这样的机器人动作更精细、更灵活。故画线词意思是“更灵活的”。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The team also plans to give joints and thicker muscle tissues to the bipedal robot to enable more complicated and powerful movements.”可知，团队接下来会进一步优化双足机器人的动作。
4. 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了一种两足机器人，其在一定程度上克服了一般机器人难以移动的弱点，介绍了这种机器人的特点和未来应用。由此可知，D项“科学家设计了一种由肌肉组织提供动力的两足机器人”最适合做文章标题。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。本文探讨了物理学家对于“暴胀多元宇宙”理论的看法和验证该理论面临的挑战。
5. 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，理论物理学家Carlo Rovelli认为“多元宇宙”是一个难以通过现实验证的理论，很多物理学家都在浪费时间猜测并急于下结论，而多元宇宙可能就是这些疯狂猜测中的一个。因此，他认为多元宇宙是一个疯狂的想法。
6. 词义猜测题。根据第四段中Andrei Linde的观点可知，多元宇宙的支持者认为多元宇宙实际上解释了为什么我们在这里，而我们的存在也帮助解释了为什么多元宇宙是合理的，plausible应表示“可信的，合理的”，与D项credible意思相近。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，爱因斯坦的广义相对论直到最近才被证实，由此推知，作者认为多元宇宙理论未来也会得到证实。
8. 标题归纳题。根据第一段内容以及下文围绕物理学家能否证明多元宇宙的真实性展开可知，本文探讨了物理学家对于“暴胀多元宇宙”理论的看法和验证该理论面临的挑战。B项“物理学家能证明多元宇宙是真实存在的吗”最适合做本文标题。
Ⅲ. 1—5 CBACA 6—10 CDCAD 11—15 ABCBD
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Trujillo凭借自己的努力和毅力一步步成为美国宇航局的工程师的故事。
1. sponsor赞助者；ambassador大使；engineer工程师；leader领导者。根据下文“she became an engineer”可知，Trujillo是一位工程师。
2. suitable合适的；responsible负责任的；capable有能力的；remarkable显著的。根据上文“who leads a team at the NASA laboratory”和下文for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover可知，美国宇航局实验室的这个团队负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。
3. actually事实上；gradually逐渐地；accurately准确地；repeatedly重复地。根据上文“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to”和第一段提到的Trujillo现在是一位航天领域的工程师可知，Trujillo现在在探索宇宙，由此可知，此处指她从单纯梦想宇宙转变为实际探索宇宙了。
4. curiosity好奇；kindness善良；enthusiasm热情，激情；talent天赋。根据下文of her enthusiasm for science可知，Trujillo对探索宇宙充满了激情。
5. certain确定的；anxious焦虑的；content满意的；fond喜欢的。根据下文of her enthusiasm for science可知，Trujillo在小时候就坚信自己对科学的热情。
6. adapt适应；motivate激励；rise上升，提高；apply应用。根据上文“But she doubted how far she'd be able to”可知，此处指Trujillo不知道自己在男性主导的领域能走多远，发展到何种程度。
7. made up弥补；brightened up变得更加明亮；picked up捡起；took up从事，接受(挑战、任务等)。根据上文“Then her dad offered to send her to Miami.”和下文the offer可知，Trujillo接受了爸爸让她去迈阿密的这个建议。
8. measures方法；events事件；jobs工作；steps步骤。根据下文“Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way”可知，Trujillo从事了一系列家政工作，以赚钱帮助自己完成学业。
9. studies学业；teachings教导；lectures讲座；investigations调查。根据上文to put herself through Miami Dade College可知，Trujillo做家政工作是为了赚钱支付学费。
mit投入；conclude总结；compete竞争；complain抱怨。根据下文“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.”可知，Trujillo将自己从事家政工作来赚学费这种事看成是一个机会，这说明她并没有抱怨。
11. life changing 改变人生的；goal setting设定目标的；eye opening令人瞠目的；heart warming暖心的。根据下文“She became the first Hispanic woman to be__12__ to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.”可知，改变Trujillo人生的又一时刻到来了。
12. connected联系；admitted准许进入；arranged安排；planned计划。根据下文to the NASA Academy可知，Trujillo被美国宇航局学院录取了，be admitted to是固定搭配，意为“被录取”。
13. stressed强调；produced生产；landed落地；touched触碰。根据下文on the surface of Mars可知，此处指“毅力号”火星探测器在火星着陆。
14. advertisement广告；broadcast广播；comment评论；performance表演。根据上文“it was accompanied by commentary from Trujillo in NASA's first ever Spanish language”可知，此处是指在广播中做解说。
15. truth事实；information信息；conclusion总结；proof证据。根据下文“that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars”可知，Trujillo的故事证明，在障碍之外，存在着整个宇宙的机会，等待着任何愿意努力工作以摘到星星的人。
Ⅳ. 1. at 2. a 3. its 4. complexity
5. meaning 6. made 7. which 8. stories 9. are decorated 10. locally
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了丽江古城的地理位置、建筑特点、布局风格和象征意义。
1. 考查介词。at a height of …是固定搭配，意为“在……的高度”。
2. 考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处泛指高质量、真实的历史城镇景观，用不定冠词修饰；historic发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。
3. 考查代词。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词做定语，此处填形容词性物主代词its。
4. 考查名词。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词做of的宾语，complex的名词形式是complexity。
5. 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词is known，所以mean用非谓语形式，空处和逻辑主语Dayan Town之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。
6. 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词has，所以make用非谓语形式，此处是过去分词做后置定语，houses和make之间是被动关系，故用过去分词made。
7. 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是houses，指物，在从句中做主语，故用which引导。
8. 考查名词复数。story是可数名词，意为“层”，前面有two修饰，故用复数。
9. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处是陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时；主语The roof edges和decorate之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；主语是复数，be动词用are。
10. 考查副词。此处修饰动词，故用副词locally。
