课时提升作业(十六)
基础过关
Ⅰ．1．Dynasty 2．shallow 3．steep 4．soil 5．Therefore
Ⅱ．1．significant 2．designed 3．completion 4．harmonious 5．agricultural
Ⅲ．1．prevent from 2．As far as 3．feed on 4．washed away 5．in harmony with
Ⅳ．1．Looking up 2．guided by an expert 3．(that/in which) students make new friends and develop new interests 4．it was my teacher's encouragement and help that 5．The next moment witnessed
Ⅴ．1．The past few decades have seen 2．effective measures should be taken 3．does harm to our health 4．prevent haze from spreading 5．it's the coal burning boiler and the motor vehicle emissions that 6．which is designed to call on
能力提升
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
C B B D B A C C
Ⅱ．
1 2 3 4 5
E G C B D
Ⅲ．1．and 2．tomatoes 3．swept 4．to have 5．that/which 6．the 7．was shocked 8．stressed 9．without 10．bits
能力提升
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。全球动物数量自1970年以来平均下降73%，主要因人类活动造成。报告强调需立即采取措施保护生态环境。
1．C [细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“The LPI focuses on vertebrates — animals with backbones，such as birds，fish，and mammals．The LPI report shows that between 1970 and 2020，the average size of these populations dropped by 73%．”可知，LPI报告显示了动物种群大小的平均变化。]
2．B [词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中“It doesn't show the change in the total number of animals on the planet．Instead，it shows the average change in the size of animal populations since 1970．”可知，LPI并不显示地球上动物总数的变化，而是显示自1970年以来动物种群大小的平均变化，因此LPI可能有点令人困惑。故perplexing在此处的意思是“令人困惑的”。]
3．B [细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Geographically，Latin America experienced the greatest loss at 95%，while Africa's animal populations fell by 76%，and Asia and the Pacific by 60%．”可知，拉丁美洲的动物种群数量平均下降幅度最大。]
4．D [细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“The WWF calls for urgent action to protect Earth's wildlife，recommending that 30% of the world's land，oceans，and fresh water be protected by 2030 and that humans change how they eat，farm，and produce energy．”可知，WWF建议保护世界的土地、海洋和淡水。故选D。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过介绍艺术家Benjamin Von Wong利用塑料垃圾制作雕塑的行为和目的，以及相关的塑料污染数据，旨在提高读者对塑料污染问题的认识，并呼吁大家减少使用一次性塑料制品，共同保护海洋环境。
5．B [细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“He builds many sculptures out of plastic garbage，forcing viewers to re examine their relationship to single use plastic products．”可知，Benjamin Von Wong的艺术项目的主要目的是引起公众对塑料垃圾问题的关注。]
6．A [推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution，but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and，because of their small size and weight，they cannot be recycled．”可知，作者讨论塑料吸管是为了展示它们回收的困难。]
7．C [推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“In a piece from 2018，Von Wong wanted to illustrate a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds...which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped from a truck all at once．”可知，“Truckload of Plastic”这个作品对观众的影响是令人不安的。]
8．C [标题归纳题。根据文章第一段“You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4．8 and 12．7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year...forcing viewers to re examine their relationship to single use plastic products．”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了艺术家Benjamin Von Wong将海洋中的塑料垃圾变成雕塑，以此来提醒人们塑料污染的问题。]
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些给植物浇水的注意事项。
1．E [根据后文“This lets the water go deep...If you water the plants in the evening，the plants stay too wet overnight．”可知，本句是在说明给植物浇水的最佳时间：早上。故E项符合语境。]
2．G [根据上文中的“If you water the soil quickly every day，it does not help the roots”可知，上文建议不要每天快速浇水，本句为本段最后一句，故说明应该慢慢浇水，确保吸收。故G项符合语境。]
3．C [根据上文“One way to help keep costs low for watering plants is to use used water．Instead of emptying water out after boiling foods，keep it and reuse it to water plants．”可知，本段的建议是把用过的水拿来给植物浇水，C项说明这么做的注意事项。]
4．B [根据上文“Most gardeners just think about which plants look good and the plants' sunlight needs．”以及后文“Drought resistant plants should not be overwatered when you are trying to keep thirstier plants watered．”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出要考虑浇水的需要。故B项符合语境。]
5．D [上文“It is also best to use plants that are native to the area where you live．These plants are likely to be resistant to drought．”提到了原生植物可能抗旱，D项介绍了这样的植物该如何浇水，符合语境，D项中的“They”对应上文中的“These plants”。]
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己当“园艺人”的经历和感受的变化。
1．and [考查连词。第一句提到作者想成为一个“园艺人”，根据句意可知，前后句为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。]
2．tomatoes [考查名词复数。tomato是可数名词，前面无限定词，此处应该用复数形式表示泛指。故填tomatoes。]
3．swept [考查动词的时态。空格处是谓语动词，描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填swept。]
4．to have [考查非谓语动词。enough to do“足够……”，是固定用法，不定式作结果状语。故填to have。]
5．that/which [考查定语从句。空格处引导限制性定语从句，对先行词the bugs and cobwebs进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，所以应该用关系代词that或which代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填that/which。]
6．the [考查冠词。空格后的“garden chair”特指上文提到的“a nice garden chair”，应该用定冠词the。]
7．was shocked [考查形容词和时态。此处表示“震惊的”，用be shocked，描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填was shocked。]
8．stressed [考查词性转换。根据空格前的“feel unsettled”可知，空格处应该用形容词与unsettled并列作表语。故填stressed。]
9．without [考查介词。根据句意和空格后的“anything bothering me”可知，空格处应该填入一个介词，且意义为“没有”，故填without。]
10．bits [考查固定搭配。bits of“一些，几个”。故填bits。]
1/1课时提升作业(十六) (Unit 6 Understanding ideas)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：92分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)
1．The Tang (朝代) made Chang'an its capital．
2．Some parts of the water in the lake are very (浅的)．
3．The mountain is so (陡峭的) that it is difficult to climb onto the top．
4．They cut down trees at will，which causes the (土壤) to be washed away．
5．We do not have enough money． (因此) we cannot afford to buy the new car．
Ⅱ．词性转换(共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)
1．National Day，one of the most (significance) festivals in China，falls on October 1st every year．
2．The book， (design) for young adults，turned out to be popular with the elderly．
3．A big ceremony was held in Zhuhai to celebrate the (complete) of the 55 km cross sea bridge．
4．As has been said above，the government is focusing on building a (harmony) society．
5．In 1973，Yuan Longping became the first (agriculture) pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output．
Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)
feed on，prevent...from，in harmony with，as far as，wash away
1．Food safety is very important，so the government spares no effort to food being polluted．
2． I'm concerned，we must get fully prepared and practice hard in order to perform well in the match．
3．Pandas are our Chinese treasure．They bamboo．
4．The soil was by the flood，exposing bare rock．
5．Happy people are peaceful people and they live others．
Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．抬起头，只见一个高大的男人站在我面前。
，I saw a tall man standing in front of me．
2．一组在专家的指导下的学生正在做一个关于如何提高水稻产量的实验。
A team of students are doing an experiment on how to improve the yield of rice．
3．学校活动通常被认为是一种学生交新朋友和开发新爱好的好方法。
School activities are usually considered a good way ．
4．不可否认是老师的鼓励和帮助让我稳步前进。
There is no denying that resulted in my steady progress．
5．接下来的一刻见证了他们制作早餐的努力，他们最终成功了。
their efforts to make the breakfast and they eventually made it．
Ⅴ．补全短文(共6小题；每小题2分，满分12分)
1． (过去的几十年见证了) the increase of human activities，and haze，as a new disastrous weather event，has attracted more attention in recent years．Therefore，2． (应采取有效措施) to reduce haze，which 3． (对我们的健康有害)．First of all，I believe that planting more trees is a good way．That's because it can 4． (防止雾霾扩散)．Secondly，the factories which produce too many pollutants should be punished．Some studies show that 5． (正是燃煤锅炉和机动车排放物) cause atmospheric pollutants．Maybe we can move the factories to the areas where few people live．What's more，I think it's a good idea to encourage people to use public transportation．An activity will be held，6． (旨在号召) citizens to ride bikes if they go on short journeys．
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2．5分，满分20分)
A
A new report from the World Wildlife Fund(WWF) shows that global animal populations have dropped greatly since 1970．The report is based on information about 5，495 different species of animals around the world．The information was collected by the Zoological Society of London(ZSL)，which used it to create what it calls the “Living Planet Index”(LPI)．The LPI focuses on vertebrates—animals with backbones，such as birds，fish，and mammals．The LPI report shows that between 1970 and 2020，the average size of these populations dropped by 73%．
The LPI can be a little perplexing．It doesn't show the change in the total number of animals on the planet．Instead，it shows the average change in the size of animal populations since 1970．For example，if one species dropped from 1，000 animals to 500，that's a 50% drop．If another species dropped from 100，000 to 50，000，that's also a 50% drop．The number of animals lost in the second population is much higher，but they would both count as a 50% drop for the LPI．But even if the numbers aren't perfect，scientists agree that animal populations are dropping．And that's a serious problem．
The report shows that populations have dropped in all kinds of habitats(栖息地)．Freshwater habitats，such as rivers and lakes，saw the biggest drop，averaging 85%，followed by land animals at 69%．In the oceans，the drop was 56%．Geographically，Latin America experienced the greatest loss at 95%，while Africa's animal populations fell by 76%，and Asia and the Pacific by 60%．Europe and North America had smaller drops，but they still saw a 33% drop since then．
Human activities，including habitat destruction，farming，climate change，pollution，and over hunting，are the primary cause．The WWF calls for urgent action to protect Earth's wildlife，recommending that 30% of the world's land，oceans，and fresh water be protected by 2030 and that humans change how they eat，farm，and produce energy．
1．What does the LPI report show
A．The total number of animals on Earth．
B．The habitats of different endangered animals．
C．The average change in animal population sizes．
D．The number of species that have already died out．
2．What does the underlined word “perplexing” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Simple． B．Confusing．
C．Exciting． D．Important．
3．Based on the report，which region saw the largest average drop in animal populations
A．Europe． B．Latin America．
C．North America． D．Asia and the Pacific．
4．What recommendation does the WWF make to protect wildlife
A．Developing new farming technologies．
B．Increasing the number of zoos worldwide．
C．Introducing new animal species to endangered areas．
D．Caring for the world's land，oceans，and freshwater．
B
You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4．8 and 12．7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year．But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does．He builds many sculptures(雕塑) out of plastic garbage，forcing viewers to re examine their relationship to single use plastic products．
At the beginning of the year，the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse，” a pair of 10 foot tall plastic waves，frozen mid crash．Made of 168，000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups，the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City，Vietnam．
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled．Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution，but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and，because of their small size and weight，they cannot be recycled．Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes．Once the drink is gone，the straw will take centuries to disappear．
In a piece from 2018，Von Wong wanted to illustrate(说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds，a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean．For this work，titled “Truckload of Plastic，” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10，000 pieces of plastic，which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped(倾倒) from a truck all at once．
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint．
5．What is the main purpose of Benjamin Von Wong's art projects
A．Beautifying the city he lives in．
B．Drawing public attention to plastic waste．
C．Introducing eco friendly products．
D．Reducing garbage on the beach．
6．Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
A．To show the difficulty of their recycling．
B．To find a replacement for them．
C．To voice his views on modern art．
D．To explain why they are useful．
7．What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers
A．Calming． B．Refreshing．
C．Disturbing． D．Challenging．
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Artists' Opinions on Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Modern Art
C．Ocean Plastics Changed into Sculptures
D．Big Companies' Responsibility
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2．5分，满分12．5分)
A simple and common way to water plants is to hold a garden pipe(管子)and let the water fall down directly on the plants and soil．This is a good choice that does not waste water．It can also help prevent plant disease．But a garden pipe is not the only way to water your plants．
The Time and Way of Watering
1 This lets the water go deep into the soil before the weather gets too hot．If you water the plants late in the day，the water will just evaporate(蒸发)from the surface．If you water the plants in the evening，the plants stay too wet overnight．
How you water the plants is just as important as when you water them．If you water the soil quickly every day，it does not help the roots，which can spread over 30 centimeters into the soil．Water the soil less often，but deep．Be careful when watering very dry soil because the water will just run off without getting into the soil． 2
Collect and Reuse Water
One way to help keep costs low for watering plants is to use used water．Instead of emptying water out after boiling foods，keep it and reuse it to water plants． 3 You can also catch and use rainwater．
Choose Native Plants
Most gardeners just think about which plants look good and the plants' sunlight needs． 4 Drought resistant(抗旱的) plants should not be overwatered when you are trying to keep thirstier plants watered．
It is also best to use plants that are native to the area where you live．These plants are likely to be resistant to drought． 5 After that，they can live on just rainwater except for during times of extreme heat．
A．Put more pipes around the plants．
B．But watering needs should be considered，too．
C．Just make sure the water does not have salt in it．
D．They just need watering for the first two years．
E．The best time to water your plants is in the morning．
F．Growing plants in containers usually needs much water．
G．Water your plants slowly and make sure the water is taken in by earth．
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分)
I've always loved the idea of being a “garden person”，the kind who sits amid beautiful flowers，drinks coffee at sunrise and enjoys slow dinners at sunset．My parents are garden people，1． I've tried to follow their lead．When I first moved into my home 12 years ago，I planted marigolds and 2． (tomato) in the garden．I watered and weeded．I bought a nice garden chair．I 3． (sweep) away the leaves and dirt．I did all the things I'd hoped to do in my garden，but after a few times，I felt bored．Here I was，lucky enough 4． (have) a bit of garden in the heart of the city and I couldn't sit in it and enjoy it．
The seasons went by，and I didn't even sit in the garden．Instead，I watched TV，avoiding the bugs and cobwebs 5． were present outdoors．But the guilt stayed，as did my desire to be a garden person．So last summer，I brought back 6． garden chair，watered the plants and cut back the grapevine and blackberry bush．And，on one very hot day，I thought，“Yes，now I will sit in my garden．” So，I sat．And I 7． (shock)．For the first time，I found a sense of peace amid the greenery and sounds of the outdoors．
This seemed to reset my mind in a way that the indoors did not．Inside，I might feel unsettled and 8． (stress)．Outside，I sat，I listened and I breathed 9． anything bothering me．And 10． (bit) of stress—but not all—lifted．I read．I observed the slow ripening of grapes and blackberries and apples．I sat in silence—silence，except for the soft sound of a passing airplane and the rustle of leaves as the wind blew through them．And I thought to myself，“This garden is growing on me．”
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