人教版九年级全册定语从句 课件 (共50张PPT)

(共50张PPT)
Unit 9
I like music that
I can dance to.
Attributive Clauses
Learning Objectives
通过本课时学习，我们能够：
1
2
3
感知学习定语从句的基本含义以及构成，理清定语从句具体修饰哪一部分，关系词代词及关系副词具体包含哪些，以及他们之间使用的差异。（学习理解）
用定语从句简单介绍《西游记》的主要内容以及人物的能力特长以及一些其他的信息；能够在实践应用中，区分关系代词和关系副词；能够将简单句合并成含有定语从句的复合句。（应用实践）
用含有定语从句的复合句描述自己在电影、朋友以及地方等方面的选择，谈论自己的偏好。（迁移创新）
I am a clever monkey.
定语
定义：修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的词。
定语
种类：
名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式(短语)、分词、定语从句等，相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。
I’m a cute pig .
找出定语
cute
形容词前置
I’m a leader riding a horse.
现在分词短语后置
riding a horse
I’m a monkey with the golden cudgel.
介词短语后置
with the
golden cudgel
I like potato chips.
名词作定语
potato
I have three apprentices(徒弟).
数词前置
three
I am Tang Monk who has three apprentices.
who
has three apprentices
定语从句后置
The man who rides a horse is Tang Monk.
Attributive clause
定语从句
定语从句的祖宗？
Bajie is a man who likes eating and sleeping.
加长版形容词
Bajie is a fat man.
adjective 形容词
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句一般放在先行词后面，引导定语从句的词叫关系词(关系代词和关系副词)，关系词在从句中充当句子成分。
Attributive clause
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句一般放在先行词后面，引导定语从句的词叫关系词(关系代词和关系副词)，关系词在从句中充当句子成分。
The man who rides a horse is Tang Monk.
The man who likes eating and sleeping is Bajie.
名词
(先行词)
关系词
定语从句
1、连接 (连接定语从句和主句)
2、替代 (替代前面的先行词)
3、成分 (在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分)。
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose
关系副词：when, where, why
Let's look and think.
Tang Monk is the man who rides a white horse.
Bajie is the man who is fat and lazy.
My favourite character is Wukong who is clever and powerful.
Wujing who always shoulders many things is hard-working.
先行词是人时，如果关系词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用 __________。
that/who
Let's look and think.
Wukong is the character (that/whom) I like best.
Tang Monk is the person (that/whom) a lot of monsters want to eat.
The queen of the female kingdom is the woman (that/whom) Tang Monk has refused.
先行词是人时，如果关系词在定语从句中作宾语，关系代词则用 ______________，可省略。
that/whom/who
Let's look and think.
The golden cudgel is a weapon that/ which has great power.
当先行词是物时，关系代词用 ______________________
that/which（定从中作宾语可省略）
The golden cudgel (that/ which) Monkey King has got is powerful.
Journey to the west is a book that/ which has many interesting stories.
Let's look and think.
Bajie is a pig whose hobbies are eating and sleeping.
当句中存在所属关系，关系代词用 _________。
whose
Many children admire Wukong whose magical power defeated all the monsters.
I respect Sandy whose kindness touches me.
Let's look and think.
当先行词是时间/地点/原因并作定从的状语时，用关系副词__________________。
when/where/why
I don't remember the day when/on which Journey to the West was published.
Do you know the reason why Tang Monk is the leader？
Tang Monk traveled 50000 miles to India where he took the scriptures.
Summary
定语从句4考点：
关系代词指代人：
关系代词指代物：
关系代词指代所属关系：
关系副词指代时间/地点/原因：
注意：关系代词在定从中
时，可以省略。
where= in/ at/ on which
when= on/ during/ in which
why= for which
哪些情况关系代词只能用that，不能用which？
作宾语
that/who/whom
that/which
whose
when/where/why
当先行词被all、every、 no、any、the only、 the very、the last等修饰时,只能用that
The only goal that Tang Monk has is to get the Buddhist scriptures (佛经).
Sun Wukong defeated all the monsters that tried to eat his master.
当先行词为all、everything、nothing、anything、much等不定代词时,只能用that
Nothing that had happened could affect Tang Monk's goal.
Everything that can be done for saving Tang Monk has been tried.
当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,只能用that
This is the best way that can be used to save Tang Monk.
The first monster that they have met on their way is white bone demon.
当先行词既有人又有物时,只能用that
I will never forget the characters and stories that are told in the Journey to the West.
Bajie told us about the people and the things that he had met.
Let's think.
that是万能关系代词么？
虽可以指代人也可以指代物，但哪些情况下不能用that？
Let's look and think.
This is the gold cudgel with _____ Wukong has beaten many monsters.
which
that
which
前有介词
That’s the boy _____ takes Monkey King as an idol.
who
that
who
前有that
Bajie heard a terrible noise, ______ frightened him.
Bajie heard a terrible noise _____________ frightened him.
which
that / which
that
which
前有逗号
非限制性定语从句
Exercises
将所给句子合并为含有定语从句的复合句。
1. I like the monkey. The monkey can make 72 changes.
2. Bajie is a pig. Bajie's hobbies are eating and sleeping.
3. Sandy is hard-working. Sandy always shoulders a lot of things.
4.Wukong has the golden cudgel. The golden cudgel is powerful.
I like the monkey that/ who can make 72 changes.
Bajie is a pig whose hobbies are eating and sleeping.
Sandy is hard-working who always shoulders a lot of things.
Wukong has the golden cudgel that/ which is powerful.
Fill in the blanks.
Journey to the West is the most famous mythology(神话) in China comes from real historical events.
A Buddhist monk name is Xuanzang has three protectors. They walked more than 10,000 kilometers to India Xuanzang took the scriptures. Sun Wukong is his first disciple(大徒弟) is a monkey with great magical powers. He is a brave hero can make 72 changes. He has the gold cudgel with Wukong has beaten many monsters. Many people like the characters in this novel kindness and braveness touch them deeply. It tells stories about overcoming (战胜) difficulties,
inspires a lot of people.
that
whose
where
that
who
which
whose
which
Who is your favorite character
I like the man who rides a horse because...
I like the monkey who can make 72 changes because...
4a
Choose words from the different columns to make sentences.
I/You/ He/She/We/ They like(s) love(s) prefer(s) food/ clothes/ people/ music/ actors/ singers/ movies that/ which/ who is/ are funny/
comfortable/
inexpensive/slow/
sweet/
salty/loud/
interesting/
intelligent
adj.聪明的
注意： 先行词是物时用that/which引导， 是人时用who/that引导。
e.g I like clothes which are comfortable.
We like actors who are funny.
4b
Read Jennifer’s CD review on page 68. Then complete the sentences using that, which or who.
It’s the kind of music _________________________
2. It’s a CD ___________________________________
3. She likes musicians ___________________________
4. She doesn’t like the songs ______________________
5. She likes singers _____________________________
that/which you can dance to.
that/which you can take to a party.
who write their own lyrics.
that/which are too long.
who sing the words clearly.
e-mail address:
jennifer@..cn
What’s the name of your
favorite CD
Why do you like this CD
What do you dislike about
this CD
It’s Dance, Dance, Dance.
The music is great because you can dance to it. You can take this CD to a party. Also, these musicians write their own lyrics.
Some songs are too long. Some of the singers don’t sing the words clearly.
4c
Make conversations about the kind of things you like and dislike.
What kind of food do you enjoy
I enjoy food that is sweet.
What kind of movies/friends/places do you like
Ask your classmates:
Xuanzang has a disciple who can make 72 changes.
Xuanzang has a disciple, who can make 72 changes.
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
①形式上：不用逗号与主句隔开。
②意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。
③译法上:“..的” 。
①形式上：用逗号与主句隔开。
②意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。
③译法上:通常译成主句的并列句。
玄奘有个会七十二变的徒弟。
玄奘有一个徒弟，他会七十二变。
The novel is very interesting, which makes me very glad.
④先行词:非限制性定语从句的先行词还可以是整个句子。
comparing&
discovering
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose
关副：when, where, why=介词+which
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose
关副：when, where, why=介词+which
that,why不能用来引导非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中，that改 用which ; why改用for which.
关系词不同
⑤
comparing&
discovering
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
Wukong is the character (who/whom) I like most in the novel.
Wukong is a righteous and a brave hero, whom children like most.
在非限制性定语从句，whom作宾语时不能用who代替；所有关系词不可省略
在限制性定语从句中，whom作宾语时可用who替代;关系代词作宾语时可省略(介词后不可)
关系词不同
⑤
as引导的非限制性定从
As is known to us all, Journey to the West is the most famous mythodology(神话) in China.
1. as known to all= as we all know众所周知
2.as is said正如所说的
3.as you can see= as can be seen正如你所看见的
4.as is reported正如报道的
5.as is expected正如预料的
6.as is pointed out正如指出的
7.as a famous saying goes正如一句谚语所说/俗话说
8.as is mentioned above正如以上提到的
as和which引导非限制性定从的区别
as
which
位置:可置于主句前、中、后
先行词:通常为整个主句
含义:“正如，如同”
位置:置于主句之后
先行词:可以是主句中一个词、主句的部分内容、甚至整个主句
含义:“这，那(件事)”
As or Which
①正如大家所看到的那样，她工作一直很努力。
She is always working hard, everyone can see.
②这本书很有教育意义，是我昨天买的。
The book, I bought yesterday, is very instructive.
③她的诚实是大家有目共睹的
everyone can see, She is honest.
= She is honest, everyone can see.
④众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
⑤汤姆突然病倒了，这让我们很伤心。
Tom suddenly fell ill, made us very sad.
as
which
As
as
As
which
Summary
定语从句
含义：
结构：
由一个句子充当定语，这个句子就是定语从句
修饰前面的名词或代词，相当于形容词
先行词 + 关系词 + 从句
定语从句修饰的词，在从句前
引导定语从句的关联词(从句中第一个词)
①替代前面的先行词
(替代作用)
②连接主句和定语从句
(连接作用)
③在定语从句中作句子成分( 成分作用)
关系词作用：
分类：
关系代词
关系副词
that, which, who, whom, whose
where, when, why
定语从句
定语从句分类：
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
删掉后,句意不明确，先行词必须是名/代词
前有逗号，删掉后不影响主句句意;先行词可以是名词/代词类短语/句子
关系词用法：
解题方法
关系代词？
关系副词？如何选择？
1.判断主句和从句
2.看从句是否完整（不缺主谓宾）
3.检查是否为特殊情况
用关系代词，找出先行词，看指人还是指物，且将先行词代入从句看它做什么成分。
关系词只用that的情况
关系词只用which的情况
序双代特高
(序数词)(有人有物)(不定代词)(特指的词)(最高级)
非限制性定从(前有逗号) 介词后
若句子完整
关系副词where when why
关系代词whose(所属关系)
若句子不完整
链接中考
【2023浙江嘉光】Most students like the teachers understand them well.
A.who В. when C. what D. which
A
句子不完整;指人作主语
【2023 四川宜宾]】 This is the primary school______I studied three years ago .
A. where B. when C. that D. which
A
句子完整;作地点状语
链接中考
【2023浙江杭州】Being blind is something _________ most people can’t imagine.
A. who B. what C. that D. whom
C
特殊情况不定代词
【2023湖南长沙】 —What are you looking for
—I’m looking for the watch ____ I bought yesterday.
A. which B. who C. whose
A
句子不完整;指物作宾语
链接中考
【2023广东】The young lady ______ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net.
A. whom B. who C. which D. whose
B
句子不完整;指人作主语
【2023湖北十堰】The Palace Museum is the best place _________ I’ve ever visited.
A. what B. which C. where ` D. that
D
句子不完整;特殊情况最高级
链接中考
【2023湖北荆州】She is the girl ______invention got the first prize in the school competition.
A．who B．that C．which D. whose
D
所属关系
【2023广东茂名】The first thing ______I am going to do this evening is to write to my father.
A. that B. which C. who
A
句子不完整;特殊情况序数词
链接中考
【2023福建福州】 — Do you know Mo Yan
— Of course. He is the famous writer _________ won the Nobel Prize in 2023.
A. who B. whom C. which
A
句子不完整;指人作主语
【2023安徽】I still remember the college and the teachers ___________I visited in London years ago.
A. what B. who C. that D. which
C
特殊情况既有人又有物
Don't forget the things that once you owned.
Treasure the things that you can't get.
Don't give up the things that belong to you
and keep those lost things in memory.
曾经拥有的，不要忘记。
不能得到的，更要珍惜。
属于自己的，不要放弃。
已经失去的，留作回忆。
Excellent Good To be improved 评价项目 自我评价 同伴评价 教师评价
能够掌握定语从句的基本含义以及构成，理清定语从句具体修饰哪一部分
能够掌握关系词代词及关系副词具体包含哪些，以及他们之间使用的差异
能够独立完成语法练习，并有较高的正确率
能够用定语从句简单介绍《西游记》的主要内容以及人物的能力特长以及一些其他的信息
能够用含有定语从句的复合句描述自己在电影、朋友以及地方等方面的选择，谈论自己的偏好
Homework
What kind of teachers do you like
(books, classmates, fruits, animals, movies…)
Must do: Write down your ideas about at least the following three topics. Underline the attributive clause you used.
Try to do: Recite Grammar Focus.
Guessing Competition
It’s an invention is used for keeping off the rain.
which
that
It’s a day comes after
Monday.
which
that
It’s the Wall was built by Chinese people.
which
that
It’s the fruit we often eat in summer.
which
that
It’s the vegetable can be made into French fries.
which
that
Thank You!