2024版新译林 七上 综合复习学案--一般现在时与一般过去时（含答案）

一般现在时
定义与讲解
一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作或一般性事实。也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。
常与以下时间状语连用：
例：（1）表示事物或人物的特征、状态。
The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
Mary’s father is an English teacher. 玛丽的爸爸是一名英语老师。
（2）表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
I go to school at seven every day.我每天六点去上学。
She plays sports every day. 她每天都做运动。
（3）表示客观现实。
The table has four legs.桌子有四条腿。
There are 63 students in my class. 我们班有63个学生。
（4）表示客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，等客观事实或格言谚语等。
　　 The sun rises in the east every day.太阳每天从东方升起。
The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
（5）表示平日的喜好。
I like bananas. She doesn’t like strawberries.
二、只有主语在第三人称单数时在陈述句里面实义动词用“三单形式”，
其他人称（一，二，三复）用动词原形。
e.g. I/ We like English very much. 我/我们非常喜欢英语。
She/ He/His sister likes English very much. 她/他/她的妹妹非常喜欢英语
★ 动词三单形式的变化规则：
1.（1）多数直接在动词词尾加-s.
play — plays like — likes ask---asks
（2）以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es.
　　watch---watches wash---washes do---does go---goes
（3）以“辅音字母加 - y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es.
　 try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies
三．当谓语为实义动词时，句式如下：
（1）肯定句：
主语(其他人称)+实义动词原形+其他
e.g.They always ask the teacher questions.
主语(三单)+实义动词(s/es)+其他
e.g. Lucy plays sports every day. He watches TV every evening.
（2）肯定句：
主语(其他人称) + don’t + 实义动词原形 + 其他
主语(三单) + doesn’t + 实义动词原形 + 其他
e.g ①陈述句：We go to school at 7:00 every morning.
　　否定句→We don’t go to school at 7:00 every morning.
②陈述句：She has a brother.
否定句→ She doesn’t have a brother.
(3)一般疑问句：
Do+主语(其他人称) + 实义动词原形 + 其他 Yes, … do./ No, … don’t.
Does +主语(三单) + 实义动词原形 + 其他 Yes, … does./ No, … doesn’t.
e.g. ① I have two sisters and a brother.
一般疑问句→ Do you have two sisters and a brother Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.
e.g. ②The boys play soccer every day.
一般疑问句→Do the boys play soccer every day Yes, they do./ No, they don’t.
e.g. ① He/Mike/ My brother likes black schoolbags.
→Does he/Mike/ your brother like black schoolbags Yes, he does./ No, he doesn’t.
写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。
go _____ stay ______ make______ come______ watch______ ask _____ fly _______ study_____ teach_______sound______ let _______ carry ______
一般过去时
定义与讲解
一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作。
① 表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
例如：I went to school at 7:00 yesterday morning.
② 表示在过去某个时间存在的状态。
例如：She was not at home last night.
③ 表示在过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often(经常)、always(总是)、sometimes(有时)等表示频率的时间状语连用。
　例如：He often had lunch at school last month.
④ 表示已故的人所做的事情或情况。
　例如：Ba Jin wrote a lot of novels for us.
五种时间状语
① yesterday及相关短语。
例如：yesterday morning/afternoon/evening 昨天上午/下午/晚上。
② “last+ 时间状语”构成的短语。
例如：last night/month/spring/year 昨晚/上个月/去年春天/去年。
③ “一段时间+ago”组成的短语。
例如：three days ago 三天以前 four years ago四年以前。
④ “介词+ 过去的时间名词”组成的短语。
例如：in 1999 在1999年；on the morning of December 25th 在12月25号早上。
⑤ just now刚刚, just then刚刚, then那时，the other day几天前
谓语动词的表现形式
行为动词的过去式，分为规则动词和不规则动词两种。规则动词的过去式的构成遵循以下四个规则：
1）直接在动词后加ed，例如：help-helped; want-wanted等；
2）以不发音的字母e结尾时，直接加d, 例如：like-liked; use-used等；
3）以辅音字母y结尾时，把y变成i再加ed, 例如：carry-carried; study-studied等；
4）以重读闭音节结尾，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed, 例如：stop-stopped; shop-shopped; regret—regretted; prefer-preferred; plan—planned
四种句式的构成
①　一般过去时态的肯定句式　　　“主语+动词过去式+其它”
例如：Jenny bought a skirt yesterday.
②　一般过去时态的否定句式 “主语+didn’t+动词原形+其它”
例如：Jenny didn’t buy a skirt yesterday.
③ 一般过去时态的一般疑问句式 “Did+主语+动词原形+其它 ”
Yes, … did. No, …didn’t.
例如：--- Did Jenny buy a skirt yesterday --- Yes, she did. /No, she didn’t.
④ 一般过去时态的特殊疑问句式 “疑问词+did +主语+动词原形+其它 ”
例如：What did Jenny buy yesterday
综合训练：
【黄冈】1.—I suppose you are at least 60 years old.
—Thank you. I’m glad you ______ that. My real age is 362.
A. say B. said C. are saying D. were saying
【连云港】2.Beijing and Zhangjiakou applying to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games in 2013.
A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun
【淄博】3. —Dave, it’s dangerous to swim here. Look at the sign.
—Oh, I _______ it. Thank you.
A. didn't notice B. won't notice C. hadn't noticed D. don't notice
【河南】4. —Are you going anywhere
—I _______ about visiting my sister, but I have changed my mind.
A. think B. have thought C. will think D. thought
【泰安】5. —Do you know whether David will go cycling or not tomorrow
—David Never! He _______ outdoor activities.
A. hates B. hated C. is hating D. has hated
【陕西】6.On May 22, a Han taxi driver _____ an old lady to the hospital as soon as he could in Xinjiang.
A. sent B. sends C. is sending D. has sent
【北京】7.—What do you often do at weekends —I often _______ my grandparents.
A. visit B. visited C. have visited D. will visit
【安徽】8.As we all know, the Silk Road ______ China to the west in ancient times.
A. connects B. connected C. will connect D. is connecting
【杭州】9.After Steven sent some e-mails, he ______ surfing the Internet.
A. starts B. has started C. will start D. started
【呼和浩特】10.My husband always ______ me flowers every week before we got married, but now he never _______.
A. sends; does B. sent; does C. was going to send; do D. sent; do
【温州】11.Alice likes doing housework. She _______ her room every afternoon.
A. cleans B. cleaned C. will clean D. has cleaned
【嘉兴】12.Tom _______ the piano every day when he was in primary school.
A. plays B. played C. was playing D. has played
【武汉】13. — What does Tom’s uncle do
— He is a teacher. He ________ physics at a school now.
A. will teach B. has taught C. teaches D. taught
【绍兴】14.—So you have watched the action movie, haven’t you
—Yes. I _______ it with my parents in Lu Xun Theater.
A. watch B. watched C. will watch D. am watching
【菏泽】15.—Have you finished your homework yet
—Yes. I _______ it twenty minutes ago.
A. have studied B. studied C. will study D. had studied
动词填空
1. My mother often________(enjoy) the TV plays in the evening.
2. I ________(visit) my aunt on the farm last weekend.
3. Every year foreigners ________ (come) to China to learn English.
4. Some food ________ (taste) good, but it is usually bad for our health.
5. Our notebook computer _________ 5 pounds and costs about $2,000.（weigh）
6. Thank goodness! The letter I looking forward to ________ (reach) me at last.
7. Sound __________ (travel) through air at a speed of about 340 metres per second.
8. The Women’s World Cup __________ (not begin) until 1991 when China hosted it in Guangzhou.
9. President Hu Jintao _______ (fly) to the earthquake-hit region in Yushu, Qinghai on April 18,2010.
10.—You look slimmer and healthier than before.
--Yes, I_________ （更喜欢）sweet snacks to vegetables before.
11.In China ,when people meet you for the first time, he or she always __________（握，摇）hands with you warmly.
12.She wants to be an actress when she ___________（长大）up.
13.A strong earthquake _________________ （发生）in Yushu, Qinghai province on April
14th,Over two thousand people died in it.
14. The villagers (庆祝）the Dragon Boat Festival by having a dragon boat race last Wednesday.
15. When you (接受) a present, you must use both hands. It’s a traditional custom in China.
综合训练答案：
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.B
动词填空答案：
1.enjoys 2.visited 3.come 4.tastes 5.weighs 6.reached 7.travels 8.didn't begin 9.flew 10.preferred 11.shakes 12.grows 13.happened 14.celebrated 15.accept
always 总是，始终,
usually 通常,
often 时常，常常,
sometimes 有时，不时,
seldom 很少,
hardly ever 几乎不，
never 决不，从不，永不
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上
every day/morning 每天/每天早晨
on Sundays 星期日，
once a week 每周一次，
2