答案解析
第一题 阅读理解
1. 答案：B
解析：根据短文第一段“The development of pre-made dishes has become a significant trend in the catering industry, driven by the demand for efficiency and standardization”可知，预制菜发展的驱动力是对效率和标准化的需求，B选项正确。A选项“减少食物浪费的需求”、C选项“健康饮食的流行”、D选项“连锁餐厅间的竞争”均未在原文提及。
2. 答案：B
解析：由第二段“However, disputes often arise when consumers feel misled about the freshness of their meals”可知，预制菜引发纠纷的原因是消费者对餐食新鲜度产生误解，B选项正确。A选项“预制菜通常更贵”、C选项“预制菜不安全”、D选项“餐厅使用低质食材制作预制菜”与原文不符（原文明确提到预制菜“often safe”）。
3. 答案：C
解析：根据第二段“Although pre-made dishes are not inherently harmful... the key issue lies in whether customers are adequately informed”可知，预制菜的核心问题是消费者是否被充分告知，C选项正确。A选项“能否节省备餐时间”、B选项“是否适合规模化经营”、D选项“能否保持品质稳定”均是预制菜的特点或优势，并非核心争议点。
4. 答案：C
解析：由第三段“Yet, it is crucial for businesses to balance industrial efficiency with respect for consumers' right to know”可推断，平衡效率与消费者知情权对行业至关重要，C选项正确。A选项“预制菜将很快消失”与最后一段“pre-made dishes are here to stay”矛盾；B选项“仅靠严格监管就能解决所有问题”过于绝对（原文强调“transparency and stricter regulations”两者结合）；D选项“食品工业化与预制菜无关”与第三段“pre-made dishes represent an important aspect of food industrialization”不符。
第二题 七选五
1. 答案：D
解析：前文提到预制菜成为餐饮业趋势，后文说明趋势背后的原因（对高效、标准化食品的需求）。D选项“它们改变了许多餐厅的备餐和上菜方式”承接“成为趋势”的表述，同时为后文“需求推动”做铺垫，逻辑连贯。
2. 答案：F
解析：后文通过“for example”列举预制菜的优势（缩短备餐时间、保证品质一致），F选项“预制菜为餐厅和消费者提供了多项优势”以总起句形式引出下文的具体举例，符合语境。
3. 答案：B
解析：前文转折指出预制菜存在争议，后文具体说明争议内容（消费者误以为食物是现做的）。B选项“主要担忧在于透明度和消费者权益”衔接“争议”话题，且与后文“误解新鲜度”的具体争议点一致。
4. 答案：A
解析：前文提到预制菜是食品工业化的一部分，后文说明预制菜对规模化企业的帮助（快速服务更多顾客）。A选项“它们帮助大型食品企业更高效地运营”承接“食品工业化”，并解释其对企业的具体作用，与后文呼应。
5. 答案：E
解析：前文强调企业不能忽视消费者权益，后文指出“诚信沟通才能实现行业健康发展”。E选项“平衡工业化效率与消费者知情权至关重要”既回应“消费者权益”，又连接“效率”与“沟通”的关系，为后文的结论做铺垫。
第三题 完形填空
1. A 考查名词辨析。根据第一段“driven by the demand for efficiency and standardization”（受效率和标准化需求驱动）可知，此处应填“demand”（需求）。B项“fear”（恐惧）、C项“anger”（愤怒）、D项“pity”（同情）均不符合语境。
2. C 考查动词辨析。根据前文“benefits such as...”（诸如……的优势）及常识，预制菜的优势之一是“缩短备餐时间”，“reducing”（减少）符合语义。A项“increasing”（增加）与优势属性相反；B项“wasting”（浪费）、D项“saving”（节省，通常搭配“money/time”，但“reduce preparation time”更侧重“缩短时间长度”，此处搭配更精准）。
3. B 考查名词辨析。根据第一段“they have also sparked widespread debate regarding transparency and consumer rights”（引发关于透明度和消费者权益的广泛争议）可知，此处填“debate”（争议）。A项“agreement”（共识）、C项“support”（支持）、D项“praise”（赞扬）均与“争议”语义相反。
4. B 考查副词辨析。根据第二段“maintain speed and uniformity”（保证速度和一致性）可知，连锁餐厅使用预制菜是为了“快速上菜”，“quickly”（快速地）符合语境。A项“slowly”（缓慢地）、C项“badly”（糟糕地）、D项“carefully”（仔细地）均与“speed”（速度）的需求不符。
5. A 考查动词辨析。根据第二段“disputes often arise when consumers feel misled about the freshness”（当消费者对新鲜度感到误解时，纠纷产生）可知，此处填“misled”（被误导的）。B项“helped”（被帮助的）、C项“taught”（被教导的）、D项“told”（被告知的）均不符合“纠纷产生”的语境。
6. C 考查名词辨析。根据第二段“The recent controversy involving a well-known restaurant and an internet influencer”（近期某知名餐厅与网红的争议）可知，此处填“controversy”（争议）。A项“peace”（和平）、B项“friendship”（友谊）、D项“cooperation”（合作）均与“凸显问题”的语义不符。
7. B 考查副词辨析。根据第二段“Although pre-made dishes are not inherently harmful”（尽管预制菜本身并非有害）可知，此处填“inherently”（本质上）。A项“naturally”（自然地）、C项“suddenly”（突然地）、D项“finally”（最终）均无法准确表达“本质属性”的含义。
8. A 考查副词辨析。根据第二段“the key issue lies in whether customers are adequately informed”（核心问题是消费者是否被充分告知）可知，“adequately”与“fully”（充分地）语义一致。B项“hardly”（几乎不）、C项“never”（从不）、D项“seldom”（很少）均表否定，与“核心问题”的逻辑不符。
9. C 考查名词辨析。根据第三段“pre-made dishes represent an important aspect of food industrialization”（预制菜是食品工业化的重要体现）可知，此处填“industrialization”（工业化）。A项“modernization”（现代化）、B项“globalization”（全球化）、D项“urbanization”（城市化）均与原文表述不符。
10. B 考查副词辨析。根据第三段“They enable large-scale operations to serve more customers efficiently”（助力规模化企业高效服务更多顾客）可知，此处填“efficiently”（高效地）。A项“lazily”（懒惰地）、C项“carelessly”（粗心地）、D项“secretly”（秘密地）均不符合“规模化经营”的需求。
11. B 考查动词辨析。根据第三段“balance industrial efficiency with respect for consumers' right to know”（平衡工业化效率与消费者知情权）可知，此处填“balance”（平衡）。A项“compare”（比较）、C项“separate”（分离）、D项“connect”（连接）均无法表达“两者兼顾”的含义。
12. A 考查名词辨析。根据第三段“Only through honesty and clear communication”（只有通过诚信和清晰的沟通）可知，此处填“communication”（沟通）。B项“argument”（争论）、C项“fight”（斗争）、D项“discussion”（讨论）均与“建立信任”的积极语境不符。
13. B 考查形容词辨析。根据最后一段“their ethical implementation requires greater transparency”（其合乎道德的推广需要更高透明度）可知，此处填“ethical”（合乎道德的）。A项“unethical”（不道德的）与语境相反；C项“unfair”（不公平的）、D项“fair”（公平的，侧重“平等性”，而非“道德合理性”）均不精准。
14. A 考查名词辨析。根据最后一段“stricter regulations to protect consumer interests”（更严格的监管以保护消费者权益）可知，“regulations”与“rules”（规则；监管规定）语义一致。B项“suggestions”（建议）、C项“advice”（建议）、D项“plans”（计划）均无“强制性监管”的含义。
15. B 考查介词辨析。根据最后一段“protect consumer interests without stifling innovation”（在不抑制创新的前提下保护消费者权益）可知，此处填“without”（不；没有）。A项“while”（当……时）、C项“with”（伴随）、D项“during”（在……期间）均无法表达“不影响创新”的逻辑关系。
第四题 语法填空
1. driven 考查非谓语动词。句子主语“The development of pre-made dishes”与“drive”（驱动）之间是被动关系，故用过去分词“driven”作状语，表“受……驱动”。
2. reducing 考查非谓语动词。“such as”后接名词或动名词，“reduce”（减少）的动名词形式为“reducing”，此处表示“缩短备餐时间”这一优势。
3. to maintain 考查非谓语动词。句中“utilize pre-made or pre-processed ingredients”（使用预制或预加工食材）的目的是“保证速度和一致性”，用不定式“to maintain”表目的。
4. misled 考查非谓语动词。消费者与“mislead”（误导）之间是被动关系，“feel + 过去分词”表“感到被……”，故填“misled”。
5. involving 考查非谓语动词。“controversy”（争议）与“involve”（涉及）之间是主动关系，用现在分词“involving”作后置定语，修饰“controversy”，表“涉及……的争议”。
6. harmful 考查词性转换。“are not inherently”后接形容词作表语，“harm”（伤害，名词）的形容词形式为“harmful”（有害的）。
7. informed 考查非谓语动词。顾客与“inform”（告知）之间是被动关系，“are adequately informed”表“被充分告知”，故填过去分词“informed”。
8. to serve 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配“enable sb. / sth. to do sth.”（使某人/某物能做某事），故填不定式“to serve”，表“使规模化经营能高效服务顾客”。
9. to balance 考查非谓语动词。固定句型“it is crucial for sb. to do sth.”（对某人来说做某事至关重要），故填不定式“to balance”。
10. development 考查词性转换。“sustainable”（可持续的）是形容词，后接名词，“develop”（发展，动词）的名词形式为“development”，“sustainable development”（可持续发展）为固定搭配。英语时文阅读：预制菜的发展与争议（备战2026年高考）
预制菜的发展已成为餐饮业的重要趋势，其背后的推动力量是人们对效率与标准化的需求。尽管预制菜具有缩短备餐时间、保证品质稳定等优势，但围绕其透明度与消费者权益的争议也广泛存在。
第一题 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The development of pre-made dishes has become a significant trend in the catering industry, driven by the demand for efficiency and standardization. While these dishes offer benefits such as reduced preparation time and consistent quality, they have also sparked widespread debate regarding transparency and consumer rights.
Many chain restaurants utilize pre-made or pre-processed ingredients to maintain speed and uniformity across locations. However, disputes often arise when consumers feel misled about the freshness of their meals. The recent controversy involving a well-known restaurant and an internet influencer highlights this tension. Although pre-made dishes are not inherently harmful—and are often safe and convenient—the key issue lies in whether customers are adequately informed.
From a broader perspective, pre-made dishes represent an important aspect of food industrialization. They enable large-scale operations to serve more customers efficiently. Yet, it is crucial for businesses to balance industrial efficiency with respect for consumers' right to know. Only through honesty and clear communication can the industry build trust and achieve sustainable development.
In conclusion, while pre-made dishes are here to stay, their ethical implementation requires greater transparency and stricter regulations to protect consumer interests without stifling innovation.
【单词释义】
1.catering industry (n.) 餐饮业
2.standardization (n.) / st nd da ze n/ 标准化
3.transparency (n.) /tr ns p r nsi/ 透明度
4.pre-processed (adj.) / pri pr sest/ 预加工的
5.uniformity (n.) / ju n f m ti/ 一致性；统一性
6.controversy (n.) / k ntr v si/ 争议；争论
7.inherently (adv.) / n her ntli/ 本质上；本身
8.industrialization (n.) / n d stri la ze n/ 工业化
9.sustainable development (n.) 可持续发展
10.stifle (v.) / sta fl/ 抑制；扼杀
1. What drives the development of pre-made dishes in the catering industry
A. The need to reduce food waste.
B. The demand for efficiency and standardization.
C. The popularity of healthy eating.
D. The competition between chain restaurants.
2. Why do disputes about pre-made dishes often happen
A. Pre-made dishes are usually more expensive.
B. Consumers are misled about the freshness of the meals.
C. Pre-made dishes are not safe for consumption.
D. Restaurants use low-quality ingredients in pre-made dishes.
3. What is the key issue regarding pre-made dishes according to the passage
A. Whether they can save preparation time.
B. Whether they are suitable for large-scale operations.
C. Whether customers are fully informed about them.
D. Whether they can maintain consistent quality.
4. What can we infer from the passage
A. Pre-made dishes will disappear from the market soon.
B. Strict regulations alone can solve all problems of pre-made dishes.
C. Balancing efficiency and consumers' right to know is important for the industry.
D. Food industrialization has no connection with pre-made dishes.
第二题 七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Pre-made dishes have become increasingly popular in the catering industry in recent years. ____1____ This trend comes as more people and businesses seek faster and more standardized food solutions.
____2____ For example, they can significantly cut down the time needed to prepare meals, which is especially helpful for busy chain restaurants. They also ensure that the taste and quality of dishes are the same across different branches.
However, pre-made dishes are not without controversy. ____3____ Some customers feel they are tricked into thinking the food is freshly made when it is actually pre-processed. A recent event between a famous restaurant and an internet influencer made this problem more noticeable.
From a wider view, pre-made dishes are part of the larger trend of food industrialization. ____4____ With pre-made dishes, these businesses can serve more people quickly and effectively.
But even so, businesses must not ignore consumers' rights. ____5____ Only by being open and honest with customers can the pre-made dish industry grow in a healthy and sustainable way.
A. They help large-scale food businesses operate more efficiently.
B. The main concern is about transparency and consumer rights.
C. Many people prefer home-cooked meals to pre-made dishes.
D. They have changed the way many restaurants prepare and serve food.
E. Balancing industrial efficiency with consumers' right to know is essential.
F. Pre-made dishes offer several advantages to restaurants and consumers.
G. Most chain restaurants have stopped using pre-made dishes due to disputes.
第三题 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Pre-made dishes have become a big trend in the catering industry, driven by the ____1____ for efficiency and standardization. These dishes bring many benefits, such as ____2____ preparation time and keeping quality consistent. However, they have also caused much ____3____ about transparency and consumer rights.
Many chain restaurants use pre-made or pre-processed ingredients to make sure their food is served ____4____ and tastes the same in every store. But disputes often start when consumers feel ____5____ about how fresh the food is. A recent ____6____ between a well-known restaurant and an internet influencer showed this problem clearly. In fact, pre-made dishes are not ____7____ harmful; they are often safe and convenient. The key problem is whether customers are ____8____ informed.
From a broader angle, pre-made dishes are an important part of food ____9____. They allow large-scale businesses to serve more customers ____10____. But it's very important for businesses to ____11____ industrial efficiency and consumers' right to know. Only through honesty and clear ____12____ can the industry win trust and achieve sustainable development.
In the end, pre-made dishes will continue to exist. To use them in an ____13____ way, we need more transparency and stricter ____14____. This way, we can protect consumers' interests ____15____ stopping innovation in the industry.
1. A. demand B. fear C. anger D. pity
2. A. increasing B. wasting C. reducing D. saving
3. A. agreement B. debate C. support D. praise
4. A. slowly B. quickly C. badly D. carefully
5. A. misled B. helped C. taught D. told
6. A. peace B. friendship C. controversy D. cooperation
7. A. naturally B. inherently C. suddenly D. finally
8. A. fully B. hardly C. never D. seldom
9. A. modernization B. globalization C. industrialization D. urbanization
10. A. lazily B. efficiently C. carelessly D. secretly
11. A. compare B. balance C. separate D. connect
12. A. communication B. argument C. fight D. discussion
13. A. unethical B. ethical C. unfair D. fair
14. A. rules B. suggestions C. advice D. plans
15. A. while B. without C. with D. during
第四题 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The development of pre-made dishes has become a significant trend in the catering industry, ____1____ (drive) by the demand for efficiency and standardization. While these dishes offer benefits such as ____2____ (reduce) preparation time and consistent quality, they have also sparked widespread debate regarding transparency and consumer rights.
Many chain restaurants utilize pre-made or pre-processed ingredients ____3____ (maintain) speed and uniformity across locations. However, disputes often arise when consumers feel ____4____ (mislead) about the freshness of their meals. The recent controversy ____5____ (involve) a well-known restaurant and an internet influencer highlights this tension. Although pre-made dishes are not inherently ____6____ (harm)—and are often safe and convenient—the key issue lies in whether customers are adequately ____7____ (inform).
From a broader perspective, pre-made dishes represent an important aspect of food industrialization. They enable large-scale operations ____8____ (serve) more customers efficiently. Yet, it is crucial for businesses ____9____ (balance) industrial efficiency with respect for consumers' right to know. Only through honesty and clear communication can the industry build trust and achieve sustainable ____10____ (develop).
In conclusion, while pre-made dishes are here to stay, their ethical implementation requires greater transparency and stricter regulations to protect consumer interests without stifling innovation.
答案解析
第一题 阅读理解
1. 答案：B
解析：根据短文第一段“The development of pre-made dishes has become a significant trend in the catering industry, driven by the demand for efficiency and standardization”可知，预制菜发展的驱动力是对效率和标准化的需求，B选项正确。A选项“减少食物浪费的需求”、C选项“健康饮食的流行”、D选项“连锁餐厅间的竞争”均未在原文提及。
2. 答案：B
解析：由第二段“However, disputes often arise when consumers feel misled about the freshness of their meals”可知，预制菜引发纠纷的原因是消费者对餐食新鲜度产生误解，B选项正确。A选项“预制菜通常更贵”、C选项“预制菜不安全”、D选项“餐厅使用低质食材制作预制菜”与原文不符（原文明确提到预制菜“often safe”）。
3. 答案：C
解析：根据第二段“Although pre-made dishes are not inherently harmful... the key issue lies in whether customers are adequately informed”可知，预制菜的核心问题是消费者是否被充分告知，C选项正确。A选项“能否节省备餐时间”、B选项“是否适合规模化经营”、D选项“能否保持品质稳定”均是预制菜的特点或优势，并非核心争议点。
4. 答案：C
解析：由第三段“Yet, it is crucial for businesses to balance industrial efficiency with respect for consumers' right to know”可推断，平衡效率与消费者知情权对行业至关重要，C选项正确。A选项“预制菜将很快消失”与最后一段“pre-made dishes are here to stay”矛盾；B选项“仅靠严格监管就能解决所有问题”过于绝对（原文强调“transparency and stricter regulations”两者结合）；D选项“食品工业化与预制菜无关”与第三段“pre-made dishes represent an important aspect of food industrialization”不符。
第二题 七选五
1. 答案：D
解析：前文提到预制菜成为餐饮业趋势，后文说明趋势背后的原因（对高效、标准化食品的需求）。D选项“它们改变了许多餐厅的备餐和上菜方式”承接“成为趋势”的表述，同时为后文“需求推动”做铺垫，逻辑连贯。
2. 答案：F
解析：后文通过“for example”列举预制菜的优势（缩短备餐时间、保证品质一致），F选项“预制菜为餐厅和消费者提供了多项优势”以总起句形式引出下文的具体举例，符合语境。
3. 答案：B
解析：前文转折指出预制菜存在争议，后文具体说明争议内容（消费者误以为食物是现做的）。B选项“主要担忧在于透明度和消费者权益”衔接“争议”话题，且与后文“误解新鲜度”的具体争议点一致。
4. 答案：A
解析：前文提到预制菜是食品工业化的一部分，后文说明预制菜对规模化企业的帮助（快速服务更多顾客）。A选项“它们帮助大型食品企业更高效地运营”承接“食品工业化”，并解释其对企业的具体作用，与后文呼应。
5. 答案：E
解析：前文强调企业不能忽视消费者权益，后文指出“诚信沟通才能实现行业健康发展”。E选项“平衡工业化效率与消费者知情权至关重要”既回应“消费者权益”，又连接“效率”与“沟通”的关系，为后文的结论做铺垫。
第三题 完形填空
1. A 考查名词辨析。根据第一段“driven by the demand for efficiency and standardization”（受效率和标准化需求驱动）可知，此处应填“demand”（需求）。B项“fear”（恐惧）、C项“anger”（愤怒）、D项“pity”（同情）均不符合语境。
2. C 考查动词辨析。根据前文“benefits such as...”（诸如……的优势）及常识，预制菜的优势之一是“缩短备餐时间”，“reducing”（减少）符合语义。A项“increasing”（增加）与优势属性相反；B项“wasting”（浪费）、D项“saving”（节省，通常搭配“money/time”，但“reduce preparation time”更侧重“缩短时间长度”，此处搭配更精准）。
3. B 考查名词辨析。根据第一段“they have also sparked widespread debate regarding transparency and consumer rights”（引发关于透明度和消费者权益的广泛争议）可知，此处填“debate”（争议）。A项“agreement”（共识）、C项“support”（支持）、D项“praise”（赞扬）均与“争议”语义相反。
4. B 考查副词辨析。根据第二段“maintain speed and uniformity”（保证速度和一致性）可知，连锁餐厅使用预制菜是为了“快速上菜”，“quickly”（快速地）符合语境。A项“slowly”（缓慢地）、C项“badly”（糟糕地）、D项“carefully”（仔细地）均与“speed”（速度）的需求不符。
5. A 考查动词辨析。根据第二段“disputes often arise when consumers feel misled about the freshness”（当消费者对新鲜度感到误解时，纠纷产生）可知，此处填“misled”（被误导的）。B项“helped”（被帮助的）、C项“taught”（被教导的）、D项“told”（被告知的）均不符合“纠纷产生”的语境。
6. C 考查名词辨析。根据第二段“The recent controversy involving a well-known restaurant and an internet influencer”（近期某知名餐厅与网红的争议）可知，此处填“controversy”（争议）。A项“peace”（和平）、B项“friendship”（友谊）、D项“cooperation”（合作）均与“凸显问题”的语义不符。
7. B 考查副词辨析。根据第二段“Although pre-made dishes are not inherently harmful”（尽管预制菜本身并非有害）可知，此处填“inherently”（本质上）。A项“naturally”（自然地）、C项“suddenly”（突然地）、D项“finally”（最终）均无法准确表达“本质属性”的含义。
8. A 考查副词辨析。根据第二段“the key issue lies in whether customers are adequately informed”（核心问题是消费者是否被充分告知）可知，“adequately”与“fully”（充分地）语义一致。B项“hardly”（几乎不）、C项“never”（从不）、D项“seldom”（很少）均表否定，与“核心问题”的逻辑不符。
9. C 考查名词辨析。根据第三段“pre-made dishes represent an important aspect of food industrialization”（预制菜是食品工业化的重要体现）可知，此处填“industrialization”（工业化）。A项“modernization”（现代化）、B项“globalization”（全球化）、D项“urbanization”（城市化）均与原文表述不符。
10. B 考查副词辨析。根据第三段“They enable large-scale operations to serve more customers efficiently”（助力规模化企业高效服务更多顾客）可知，此处填“efficiently”（高效地）。A项“lazily”（懒惰地）、C项“carelessly”（粗心地）、D项“secretly”（秘密地）均不符合“规模化经营”的需求。
11. B 考查动词辨析。根据第三段“balance industrial efficiency with respect for consumers' right to know”（平衡工业化效率与消费者知情权）可知，此处填“balance”（平衡）。A项“compare”（比较）、C项“separate”（分离）、D项“connect”（连接）均无法表达“两者兼顾”的含义。
12. A 考查名词辨析。根据第三段“Only through honesty and clear communication”（只有通过诚信和清晰的沟通）可知，此处填“communication”（沟通）。B项“argument”（争论）、C项“fight”（斗争）、D项“discussion”（讨论）均与“建立信任”的积极语境不符。
13. B 考查形容词辨析。根据最后一段“their ethical implementation requires greater transparency”（其合乎道德的推广需要更高透明度）可知，此处填“ethical”（合乎道德的）。A项“unethical”（不道德的）与语境相反；C项“unfair”（不公平的）、D项“fair”（公平的，侧重“平等性”，而非“道德合理性”）均不精准。
14. A 考查名词辨析。根据最后一段“stricter regulations to protect consumer interests”（更严格的监管以保护消费者权益）可知，“regulations”与“rules”（规则；监管规定）语义一致。B项“suggestions”（建议）、C项“advice”（建议）、D项“plans”（计划）均无“强制性监管”的含义。
15. B 考查介词辨析。根据最后一段“protect consumer interests without stifling innovation”（在不抑制创新的前提下保护消费者权益）可知，此处填“without”（不；没有）。A项“while”（当……时）、C项“with”（伴随）、D项“during”（在……期间）均无法表达“不影响创新”的逻辑关系。
第四题 语法填空
1. driven 考查非谓语动词。句子主语“The development of pre-made dishes”与“drive”（驱动）之间是被动关系，故用过去分词“driven”作状语，表“受……驱动”。
2. reducing 考查非谓语动词。“such as”后接名词或动名词，“reduce”（减少）的动名词形式为“reducing”，此处表示“缩短备餐时间”这一优势。
3. to maintain 考查非谓语动词。句中“utilize pre-made or pre-processed ingredients”（使用预制或预加工食材）的目的是“保证速度和一致性”，用不定式“to maintain”表目的。
4. misled 考查非谓语动词。消费者与“mislead”（误导）之间是被动关系，“feel + 过去分词”表“感到被……”，故填“misled”。
5. involving 考查非谓语动词。“controversy”（争议）与“involve”（涉及）之间是主动关系，用现在分词“involving”作后置定语，修饰“controversy”，表“涉及……的争议”。
6. harmful 考查词性转换。“are not inherently”后接形容词作表语，“harm”（伤害，名词）的形容词形式为“harmful”（有害的）。
7. informed 考查非谓语动词。顾客与“inform”（告知）之间是被动关系，“are adequately informed”表“被充分告知”，故填过去分词“informed”。
8. to serve 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配“enable sb. / sth. to do sth.”（使某人/某物能做某事），故填不定式“to serve”，表“使规模化经营能高效服务顾客”。
9. to balance 考查非谓语动词。固定句型“it is crucial for sb. to do sth.”（对某人来说做某事至关重要），故填不定式“to balance”。
10. development 考查词性转换。“sustainable”（可持续的）是形容词，后接名词，“develop”（发展，动词）的名词形式为“development”，“sustainable development”（可持续发展）为固定搭配。
