课件78张PPT。英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5 Life in the futureUnit 3Section Ⅱ Learning about LanguageⅠ.短语互译
1．______________________按下
2．______________________ 加速
3．search for ______________________
4．be lacking in____________press downspeed up寻找缺乏Ⅱ.语法运用
选出下列过去分词短语在句子中所充当的状语的种类。
A．原因状语 B．让步状语 C．条件状语
D．结果状语 E．时间状语
1．Told that his mother was ill, Li Lin hurried home quickly.
2．Broken down on the highway, his car was carried away by the police.
3．Given a few minutes, I will finish the work.
4．Explained a hundred times, he still can not understand it.
5．He fell off a tall tree, his leg broken.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
答案：1.E 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.DⅢ.用所给动词的正确形式完成句子
1．Children，when______________ (accompany)by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.
2．Clearly and thoughtfully________(write)，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
3．Misunderstandings__________ (result)from lack of social communication，unless________(deal)with properly，may lead to serious problems.accompaniedwrittenresultingdealt
4．Unless________(invite)to speak，you should remain silent at the conference.
5．________(give)time，he'll make a first－class tennis player.invitedGiven1.remind v.
(1)～sb.(about/of sth.)|～sb. to do sth.|～sb. that...提醒
①Please remind me again nearer to the time of the interview.
到快面试时请再提醒我一下。
②In case I forget, please remind me about it.
我要是忘了，请提醒我。
③Remind me to answer that letter.
提醒我回复那封信。
④I reminded her how much the fare was.
我提醒她车票的价钱。
(2)～sb. of sb./sth.使想起(类似的人、地方、事物等)
①He reminds me of his brother.
我见到他便想起了他的哥哥。
②This song reminds me of France.
我一听到这首歌就想起了法国。比较网站
remind, memorize, remember
这些动词均有“记忆，记住，回忆”之意。①If I remember correctly, your brother went to Canada ten years ago.
如果我记得不错的话，你兄弟十年前就到加拿大去了。
②The story reminds me of an experience I once had.
这个故事使我想起我的一次亲身经历。
③If you memorize a poem, you can say it without looking at a book.
你若记住一首诗，不看书就能脱口而出。活学活用
用恰当词语或形式填空
(1)________(remind)not to miss the flight at 15?20，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
答案：Reminded remind意为“提醒”。句意：在有人提醒不要耽误了15?20的航班后，经理匆忙出发去机场了。主语the manager与动词remind为动宾关系，所以用过去分词，表被动。
(2)Mary, I reminded John ________ his promise to help you.
剖析：of 考查动词辨析。remind sb.of sth.“提醒某人某事”。根据句意填of。2．swift adj.
(1)～(to do sth.)迅速发生的，马上做出的，迅速的
They've been very swift to deny these rumors.
他们在辟谣方面反应迅速。
(2)速度快的；敏捷的，矫健的
The river is too swift to swim.
这河的水流太急，不能游泳。①He walked swiftly towards home down the dark street.
他沿着黑暗的街道迅速地走回家去。
②Nobody can bring us swiftly, painlessly into the promised land.
无人能够把我们迅速地、毫无痛苦地带进理想之园。swiftly adv. 飞快地，迅速地，敏捷地知识拓展
活学活用
完成句子
我们应该迅速作出决定。
We should make________ ________ ________.
答案：a swift decision3．bend
(1)v.
①(尤指人的身体或头部)(使)倾斜，偏向
She bent (over) to pick up a book from the floor.
她弯腰从地板上捡起一本书。
②(使四肢等)弯曲
Touch your toes without bending your knees.
用手够到你的脚趾，膝盖别弯曲。
③把……弄弯(或折起)
It's hard to bend an iron bar.
把铁棒弄弯很不容易。④(使)拐弯，弯曲
The road bends to the right after a few yards.
这条路在几码远的地方转向右方。
(2)n. [C](尤指道路或河流的)拐弯，弯道
①I can't see if there is a car coming because there is a bend in the road.
我看不见是否有小汽车开过来，因为路上有个拐弯。
②There is a sharp bend in the road here.
这段路上有一处急转弯。图解助记bend one's mind/efforts to sth.致力于某事，专心致志于某事
bend sb. to sth.迫使，说服知识拓展①He couldn't bend his mind to his studies.
他不能专心学习。
②She tried to bend her husband to her wishes.
她设法使丈夫顺从她的愿望。活学活用
用恰当形式填空
Can you bend down and touch your toes without ________ (bend) your knees?
答案：bending4．desert adj.沙漠的，荒凉的
One person can live on a desert island without being disturbed.
一个人生活在荒岛上就不会被打扰。
①Helen was deserted by her husband.
海伦被她丈夫抛弃了。
②Few kinds of plants grow in the desert.
仅有几种植物在沙漠上生长。desert vt.抛弃；遗弃 n．沙漠，荒漠知识拓展活学活用
(1)补全句子
这个党的很多传统支持者在上一次选举中抛弃了它。
Many of the party's traditional voters ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：deserted it at the last election(2)用适当形式填空
A farmer family in Dong Yang were astonished by the astonishing fact that a boy baby________(desert)on the road to their fields.
答案：was deserted 句意：一个男婴被遗弃在东阳一农户家到田地的路上，这个令人震惊的事实让这家人感到很谅讶。根据句意可知“遗弃”的动作发生在过去，并且应该用被动语态。1.speed up(使)加速
①They have speeded up production.
他们加快了生产速度。
②A technique uses two or more input or output units in an attempt to speed up input and output operations.
为加速输入输出操作，采用了两个或多个输入输出部件的技术。(1)常与speed搭配的短语：
at a speed of... 以……的速度
at speed 疾驶
reduce speed 减速
pick up/gather speed 加速
with all speed 全速
at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速
(2)speed up反义短语为slow down知识拓展活学活用
(1)补全句子
他们正在加宽桥梁以加快车流速度。
They are broadening the bridge ________ ________ ________the flow of traffic.
答案：to speed up(2)用恰当介词填空
The speed________which light travels is said to be the maximum in the universe.
答案：at 句意：据说光的传播速度是宇宙中最快的。考查介词。at high/low speed以高速/低速，由此可知speed与介词at搭配。本句中speed为先行词，后接定语从句，which代指speed，故填介词at。2．pick out
(1)精心挑选
①She was picked out from thousands of applicants for the job.
从数千人中挑选出她来做这份工作。
②We had a lot of fun picking out a present for Mary.
我们觉得为玛丽选礼物很有趣。(2)认出来，辨别出
①It was just possible to pick out the hut on the side of the mountain.
那小舍坐落在山边，隐约可见。
②She was able to pick out her attacker from these people.
她能够从这些人中辨认出袭击她的人。①He picked over the tomatoes, looking for the ripest ones.
他把西红柿拿起来仔细看，要挑选最熟的。
②Pick over the beans carefully in case there are any stones among them.
把这些豆子里的沙粒挑出去。
③Don't pick off any of these flowers.
这些花一朵也不要采摘。pick over用心挑选；筛选
pick off去除，剪除知识拓展活学活用
(1)补全句子
电影院里太黑我几乎辨认不出我的朋友。
It was so dark in the cinema ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________my friend.
答案：that I could hardly pick out
(2)用恰当的介副词填空
The child was so unique. Though he was lost in the crowd, I easily picked him________.
答案：out过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况。其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且与主语之间构成逻辑上的“动宾关系”，即“被动关系”。过去分词短语作条件、原因以及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。Ⅰ.过去分词作状语时的功能
1)原因状语
①Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.
因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
②Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn't dare sleep in her room.
被夜晚的响声惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间里了。
2)时间状语
①Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty.
当被问及为何要做这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。
②Approached in the dark the bulbs looked lonely and purposeless.
在黑暗中走进时，那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3)条件状语和假设状语
①Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
②Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided.
要是多加注意，那次事故就可以避免了。
4)方式状语或伴随状语
①Surrounded by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully.
那位教授在学生们的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。
②He stood there silently, moved to tears.
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。5)让步状语
①Beaten by the police, sent to jail, Gandhi invented the principle of nonviolent resistance.
尽管受警察的殴打，被投入监牢，甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。
②Defeated again, he did not lose heart.
尽管再次被击败，但他没有灰心。
6)独立成分(插入语)
①Given good weather, our ship will reach Shanghai Monday evening.
假如天气好，我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。
②Put frankly, I don't agree with what he said.
坦白地说，我不同意他所说的话。Ⅱ.与状语从句的转换
1)过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为when, while或after等引导的状语从句。
Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.
→When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.
从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。2)作条件状语，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的状语从句。
Given more time, she would certainly have done much better.
→If she had been given more time, she would certainly have done much better.
如果有更多时间的话，她一定会干得更好些。
3)作原因状语，可转换为as, since或because等引导的状语从句。
The children, exhausted, fell asleep at once.
→As the children were exhausted they fell asleep at once.
由于劳累，孩子们很快就睡着了。 4)作让步状语，可转换为although, though或even if等引导的状语从句。
Although exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.
→Although we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.
我们虽然爬得很累，但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。
5)作方式状语，如有连词as if，就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。
He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.
→He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake.
他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。
6)作伴随状语，一般转换为并列结构。
Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter.
→Aunt Wu came in, and (she) was followed by her daughter.
吴大娘走进来，(她)后面跟着她的女儿。知识拓展
1)现在分词与过去分词作状语在“逻辑”方面的差异：
现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语最主要的区别在于两者与所修饰的主语是主动还是被动关系。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
①Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。
②Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。 2)现在分词与过去分词作状语在“时间”方面的差异：
过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，或表示一种状态，与谓语动作同时发生或存在。现在分词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行；现在分词的完成式(having done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“主动”动作；现在分词的完成式的被动式(having been done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“被动”动作，常常和表示次数的短语以及时间段(for短语)连用，此时不能被过去分词所替换。其他情况下通常被过去分词所替换，使句式更简洁。
①Written in a hurry, this article was not so good!
因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
②Reading carefully, he found something he had not known before.
他仔细读书时，发现了一些从前不知道的东西。
③Having been discussed several times, the decision was finally made.
进行了几次讨论之后，终于作出了决定。3)部分过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示“被动关系”，其前不用being。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(陷入某种状态)；seated(坐)；hidden(躲)；stationed(驻扎)；lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)；dressed in(穿着)；tired of(厌烦)等。
①Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.
因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。
②Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.
在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。4)过去分词用作状语时，前面往往带有when, if, while, though, even if等连词，这样就能使过去分词所表示的意义更加明确。这种带有连词的过去分词结构通常可看作是一种省略句，句中省略的部分总是“主语＋be的相应变化形式”，省略的主语通常与主句的主语相同。
①When given a medical examination, you should keep calm.
当你做体检时要保持镇定。
②Because beaten twice a day, he was too afraid to go home.
因为一天被打了两次，他太恐惧了以至于不敢回家。5)分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑上的主语要与句子的主语保持一致；否则分词(短语)就要有自己的逻辑主语(用名词或代词的主格来表示)。这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构常放在句首。表示时间、条件、原因时，其作用分别相当于一个时间、条件、原因状语从句。表示伴随方式时，相当于一个并列句。
①The signal given, the bus started.
信号一发出，汽车就开动了。
②The football match (being) over, crowds of people poured out into the street.
足球赛一结束，人群便涌到了大街上。帮学助记
分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。
逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。
主动用－ing, 被动用－ed, having done表先后，千万要牢记。高考真题改编
1．(2015·天津卷改编)________(absorb)in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
答案：Absorbed 句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语be absorbed in全神贯注于，在句中作状语。故填absorbed。
2．(2014·天津卷改编)Clearly and thoughtfully ________(write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
答案：written 考查非谓语动词。句意：因为清晰周到地被写出来，这本书鼓舞了想寻找自己答案的学生的自信心。the book与write之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词。3．(2014·江西卷改编)________(spend)nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.
答案：Having spent 考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：花光了我们差不多所有的钱，我们住不起旅馆了。动词spend与主语we之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语；又动作spend发生在主句动作couldn't afford之前，所以用having done形式作状语，表示主动，强调完成。
4．(2014·湖南卷改编)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, ________(stare)at the night sky.
答案：staring 考查非谓语动词。所填词作伴随状语，与lying的动作同时进行，且与逻辑主语是主动关系，用v－ing的一般式，故填staring。5．(2014·江苏卷改编)The lecture ________(give), a lively question－and－answer session followed.
答案：having been given 考查非谓语动词。a lively question－and－answer session followed“紧跟着是一个问答环节”，是句子主干，所以逗号前面部分是要用非谓语动词作状语，the lecture与give之间是被动关系，又give动作发生在follow动作之前，所以要用having been done形式作状语，即表示被动，又强调完成，故填having been given。专项练习
1．________(found)in the early 20thcentury, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
答案：Founded 考查非谓语动词。句意：建立于20世纪早期，这所学校一直激发着孩子们对艺术的热爱。此处为非谓语动词作状语，与句子的主语school之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。2．________(lose)in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
答案：Lost 句意为“由于陷入沉思，他差一点撞到前面的车上”。be lost in thought为固定搭配，意为“陷入沉思”。过去分词短语lost in thought在句中作原因状语。
3．________(surround)by a group of journalists and ________(turn)to nobody for help, the famous actress finally covered her face with a hat.
答案：Surrounded; turning 句意为“被一群记者包围着而又无人可以寻求帮助，这位女演员最后用帽子捂住了脸”。句子的主语the famous actress与surround之间是动宾关系，与turn之间是主动关系，故用surrounded和turning作状语。
4．________(mail)out automatically the e－mail will be received by all the club members.
答案：Mailed 句意：这封电子邮件自动发出，俱乐部的所有成员都能收到。本题考查分词作方式状语。动词mail的逻辑主语是句子的主语e－mail，邮件是被寄出，所以采用过去分词表示“被动”和“完成”的含义。注意：不定式短语在句中只能担任“目的状语”、“原因状语”和“结果状语”。5．My cousin came to see me from the country, ________(bring)me a full basket of fresh fruits.
答案：bringing 句意：表兄从乡下来看我，给我带来了一篮子新鲜的水果。现在分词短语bringing me a full basket of fresh fruits在句中作伴随状语，表示与谓语动作同时发生的一个主动动作。
6．Michael's new house is like a huge palace, ________(compare)with his old one.
答案：compared compare与逻辑主语Michael's new house之间构成被动关系。句意：和旧房子相比，迈克尔的新房子就像巨大的宫殿。
7．________(give)the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars.
答案：Given 考查非谓语动词用法。give所表示的动作与句子主语these teenage soccer players构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。句意：如果给予他们正确的训练，这些十几岁的足球运动员或许在将来的某一天会成长为国际巨星。
8．________(face)with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.
答案：Faced 句意：面对如此多的困难，我们没有准时完成任务。过去分词短语在句中作原因状语，转化为原因状语从句为：As we were faced with so much trouble，...其中，be faced with表示“面对，面临”。
9．________(dress)in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
答案：Dressed 句意：身穿白色制服，他看起来与其说是一位医生倒不如说是位厨师。本题考查过去分词作原因状语，相当于As he was dressed in a white uniform，...；其中，be dressed in表示“穿着……”。
10．“You can't catch me！” Janet shouted，________(run)away.
答案：running 句意：“你抓不住我！”珍妮特喊着跑远了。现在分词running在句中作伴随状语，表示一个与谓语动词shout同时发生的主动动作。11．He glanced over at her, ________(note)that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.
答案：noting 句意：他瞥了她一眼，注意到尽管她身体纤弱，但看起来小巧玲珑。分词(短语)在句中担任方式或伴随状语(通常位于句末)。此外，句子的主语he与动词note之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，应采用现在分词作状语，表示一个与谓语动词glanced at同时发生的动作。
12．Daddy didn't mind what we were doing, as long as we were together，________(have)fun.
答案：having 句意：爸爸并不介意我们做什么，只要我们一起玩得高兴就行。在as long as引导的条件状语从句中，现在分词短语having fun作伴随状语，表示一个与从句谓语动词were together同时发生的主动动作。13．“We can't go out in this weather，” said Bob，________(look)out of the window.
答案：looking 句意：鲍勃双眼盯着窗外，说道“在这种天气状况下，我们不能外出。”分词(短语)在句中担任伴随状语。此外，动词look与句子的主语Bob在逻辑上构成主谓关系，且与谓语动词said同时发生，应采用现在分词的一般式。分词(短语)可以作方式或伴随状语(通常位于句末)，不定式不可以。
14．The old man，________(work)abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.
答案：having worked 句意：在海外工作了20年后，那位老人即将重返祖国。本题考查现在分词的完成式在句中担任时间状语，相当于时间状语从句：After he has worked abroad for twenty years，...。15．They use computers to keep the traffic ________ (run) smoothly.
答案：running 句意：他们使用计算机来保持交通畅通无阻。keep表示“保持或继续处于……的状态”，后接形容词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、名词以及副词等担任宾语补足语，但不能采用不定式(短语)。例如：Sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 对不起，让你久等了。此外，run表示“运转，运行”，通常用作不及物动词。例如：The machine won't run smoothly. 这台机器运转不灵。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The two cars are running at all________(速度)．
2. He lost his best________(机会)．
3．Where did you go? Why is there so much________(泥浆) on your shoes?
4．Boys and girls, I've made a few minor________(调整) to the seating plan.
5．After graduating from college, he chose to work in that________(沙漠) region.6．Whether we like it or not, what we wear helps form a first i________.
7．Whether it will come about is________(不确定的)．
8．Every day there are seven lessons. This is my________ (时刻表) for Monday.
答案：1.speed 2.opportunity 3.mud 4.adjustments 5.desert 6.impression 7.uncertain 8.timetableⅡ.翻译短语
1．接受我的奖励 __________________
2．感到非常紧张和心神不定 __________________
3．使我们感到昏昏欲睡 __________________
4．剩下很少的氧气 __________________
5．立刻；马上 __________________
6．领取由电脑控制的汽垫车 __________________
7．看不见…… __________________
8．打扫；横扫 __________________
9．看见，瞥见 __________________
10．由公司组织的一些参观 __________________
答案：1.take up my prize 2.feel very nervous and uncertain
3．make us sleepy 4.have little oxygen left 5.in no time 6.collect a hovering carriage driven by computer 7.lose sight of 8.sweep up 9.catch sight of 10.some visits organized by the companyⅢ.用分词短语改写句子
1．Although they were exhausted by the climb, they continued their journey.
________ ________ ________ ________， they continued their journey.
2．When he was asked what had happened，he lowered his head.
________ ________ ________ ________，he lowered his head.
________ ________ ________， she suddenly appeared.3．Mr. Smith came in and he was followed by his son.
Mr. Smith came in, ______ ________ ________ ________.
4．As he is encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.
________ ________ ________ ________ he has made, he works harder.
5．Once it is seen, it will not be forgotten.
________ ________， it will not be forgotten.
答案：1.Exhausted by the climb 2.Asked what had happened 3.followed by his son 4.Encouraged by the progress 5.Once seen课件67张PPT。英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5Life in the futureUnit 3Section Ⅲ Using LanguageⅠ.下面是本部分的重点词汇，你能准确填出内容吗？
1．根据句意及句中提示填入适当的单词
(1)Even though he is a ________ of Canada, his English isn't very good. (city)
(2)The ________ used to use the old ___________， which is being kept in his basement now, to ________ papers. (type/typewriter/typist)
(3)“I'll be with you in an ________.” With these words, he hung off and left the office ________.(instantly/instant)
(4)As an ________， he has decided to devote all his life to ________.(ecology/ecologist)citizentypisttypewritertypeinstantinstantlyecologistecology(5)The snake is so ________ that it wants to ________ a whole zebra. (swallow/greedy)
(6)Some ___________ can be ___________ many times. (material/recycle)
(7)We chose him as our _____________ and he would make a ____________ speech at the meeting.(representative/represent)greedyswallowmaterialrecycledrepresentativerepresentative(8)After a hard journey through the ________， the traveler reached and ________ down in a beautiful village finally, and his __________ brought villagers there a lot of pleasure. (settlement/settle/desert)
(9)What is your ___________？ In other words, what __________ you to do such a thing？(motivation/motivate)desertsettledsettlementmotivationmotivated2．英汉互译
(1)________ 究竟
(2)________ 加速
(3)________________ 使某人想起某事
(4)______________________ 说服某人不要做某事
(5)_______________ 与……联系
(6)under repair ________
(7)in space ________
(8)blame...for... ________
(9)stare at _________
(10)be absorbed by _____________on earthspeed upremind sb. of sth.persuade sb. not to do sth.be connected to...在维修中在太空中因……责备……盯，凝视被……所吸引
Ⅱ.重点句式
________________an exhibition of the most up－to－date inventions of the 31st century.
里面陈列着31世纪的最新发明。Inside was Ⅲ.阅读文章“I HAVE SEEN AMAZING THINGS”，回答下列问题。
1．Why does the space station spin slowly in space?
A．To look more beautiful.
B．To look for something worth researching.
C．To imitate the pull of the earth's gravity.
D．To get away from the earth's gravity.
2．How do the space citizens send their messages?
A．By using a typewriter.
B．By using letters.
C．By using postcards.
D．By using a “thoughtpad”．3．Which of the following shows the right order to use a “thoughtpad”？
a．Clean your mind.
b．The message is sent.
c．You place the metal band over your head.
d．Press the sending button.
e．Think your message.
A．a，c，b，e，d B．c，a，d，e，b
C．c，a，e，d，b D．a，b，c，d，e4．It can be inferred from the passage that in the 31st century ________.
A．no rubbish will be produced
B．the environment will become better
C．there will be no desert
D．people can use plastic bags within limits
5．Who will take the place of the workers in the 31st century?
A．The robots. B．The managers.
C．The spacemen. D．The spaceships.
答案：1－5 CDBBA1.instant
(1)adj. 立即的，立刻的；速食的，速溶的
The show was an instant success.
演出一炮打响。
instant noodle 速食面，方便面
instant coffee 速溶咖啡(2)n. 瞬间，片刻
①I'll be back in an instant.
我马上就回来。
②Just for an instant I thought he was going to refuse.
刹那间我以为他会拒绝。(1)the instant＝as soon as 一……就……
(2)用于表达“一……就……”含义的词或短语还有：
immediately/directly/instantly作连词时引导的时间状语从句
the moment/the second/the year/the hour...等引导的时间状语从句
“Hardly＋过去完成时＋when＋一般过去时”的结构
“No sooner＋过去完成时＋than＋一般过去时”的结构
“at＋名词”，“on＋(动)名词”，表示“一听/看/想到……就……”知识拓展I recognized her the instant I saw her.
我一眼就认出她了。
活学活用
(1)运用恰当词语填空
The________she entered the room，Diana sat down and began to write, informing her parents of the change of her address.
答案：instant/moment/second 句意：Diana一进入房间，就坐下来开始写信，告诉她父母住址发生了改变。考查时间状语从句。the instant/moment/second相当于连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。
(2)补全句子
她一停止问问题，我就站起来走出了房间。
________ ________she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room.
答案：The instant2．swallow v.
(1)吞下，咽下；做吞咽动作
①The snake swallowed a frog.
那条蛇吞下了一只青蛙。
②He swallowed his ice tea hurriedly.
他匆忙地喝下冰茶。(2)吞没，淹没，侵吞
①I watched her walk down the road until she was swallowed by the darkness.
我看着她沿着公路越走越远，直至消失在黑暗中。
②Large areas of countryside have been swallowed up by towns.
大片大片的乡村地区被城镇吞噬。(3)不流露，掩饰
①You're going to have to swallow your pride and ask for your job back.
你得放下架子，去求人家恢复你的工作。
②She swallowed hard and told him the bad news.
她硬下心把坏消息告诉了他。图解助记swallow up吞噬，卷进，吞没；花光(钱)，耗尽
swallow one's pride忍辱含垢，丢下自尊知识拓展
Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.(Bacon)
(书籍好比食品)有些书浅尝辄止，有些书可以囫囵吞枣，少数则须咀嚼消化。(培根)swallow n．吞；咽；燕子知识拓展The swallow found a worm and swallowed it.
那只燕子发现了一条虫子并把它吞了下去。活学活用
补全句子
食物吞下去之前先要咀嚼。
You must chew your food well ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：before you swallow it
3．greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的
①He is a greedy little boy.
他是一个贪吃的小男孩。
②It was greedy of them to eat up all the apples.
他们把所有的苹果都吃光了，真贪婪。Greed led to his downfall.
他因贪得无厌而导致身败名裂。greed n．贪婪；贪欲知识拓展活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
Though he got what he had wanted，he looked at the shop window with________(greed)eyes.
答案：greedy 句意：尽管他得到了他想要的东西，但他还用贪婪的目光看着商店橱窗。考查形容词。greedy贪婪的，根据语境可知设空处作定语，修饰eyes。greed为名词，不合语境。
(2)用恰当词语填空
You have told me yourself that you were not greedy________the presidency.
答案：for 句意：你亲口告诉过我你并不贪婪总统的职位。考查介词。be greedy for对……贪婪。4．representative
(1)adj. 典型的，有代表性的
①Is the questionnaire truly representative of the population as a whole?
这项调查能真正代表所有民众吗？
②The latest incident is representative of a larger trend.
最近的事件代表了一个更大的趋势。
(2)n. 代表，代理人
He is an elected representative of the people.
他是人民选出的代表。①Sympathy is the feeling characteristic of mankind.
同情心是人类特有的感情。
②This painting is fairly typical of his early works.
这幅画是他早期作品相当典型的代表。表示“……的典型”常用以下结构：
be representative of；be characteristic of；be typical of知识拓展活学活用
(1)用恰当词语填空
Is a questionnaire answered by 500 people truly representative________national opinions?
答案：of 一份有500人作答的调查问卷是否能真正代表全国人民的意见呢？be representative of为固定短语，意为“代表……”。(2)补全句子
有些现代艺术品十分抽象，画家只专注于物体的某些特性，用颜色、线条和形状代表它们。
Some modern art is so abstract that the painter only concentrates on certain qualities of the object，using color，line and shape________ ________ ________.
答案：to represent them5．settlement n. 定居；解决，协议
①The settlement of North America by Europeans began in the 16th century.
欧洲人于16世纪开始迁入北美定居。
②There is no prospect of a settlement of the dispute.
这场纠纷根本不可能获得解决。
③The management and unions have reached a settlement over new working conditions.
资方和工会已就新的工作条件达成协议。settle v. 定居；解决；决定；处理
settle down 安居
settle up 付清，了结
settle in 搬入新居
settle down to sth. 安定下来做某事知识拓展活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
The________(settle)is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city.
答案：settlement 句意：这个定居点可容纳近1,000人，他们当中很多人都是离开农村的家到城市追求更好生活来的。settlement定居点，在句中作主语。settle为动词，不符合语境。(2)用恰当词语填空
Was it on that lonely island that the family finally settled________？
答案：down 句意：这家人最终是在那座荒凉的小岛上定居了吗？考查动词短语。本题是一个强调句，on that lonely island为地点状语，为强调部分。settle down定居下来，符合语境。1.no more 不复存在，不再
①The man was no more.
那人死了。
②Such a practice was no more.
这种习俗已经不存在了。
③The ship sank below the waves and was seen no more.
船沉到了波涛下，再也看不见了。知识拓展
(1)no more意为“不再”时可分为not...any more，与no longer同义。
①They used to be good friends but don't like each other any more.
他们过去是好朋友，但现在已不再是了。
②He no longer lives here.(＝He doesn't live here any longer.)
他已不住在这儿了。(2)no more than“仅仅”，相当于only，含有嫌少之意，而not more than意为“比……少”，无嫌少之意。
①No more than five people applied for the job.
只有五人申请了这份工作。
②There were not more than 100 people present at the meeting.
有不到100人参加了此次会议。
(3)no more...than意为“两者都不”。
①This book is no more interesting than that one. I want to read neither of them.
这本书和那本书一样没趣，我都不想读。
②He is no more capable of speaking English than I am.
他和我都不会讲英语。活学活用
补全句子
His entire school education added up to________ ________(不多于)one year.
答案：no more than2．stare at 盯着看，凝视
①It's rude to stare at others.
盯着他人看是不礼貌的。
②The visitor stared at the painting.
那个参观者凝视着那幅画。比较网站
glance at，stare at，glare at①The little girl stared at the toys in the window.
小女孩盯着窗内的玩具。
②He glared at the man who had killed his father.
他怒视着那个杀死他父亲的人。
活学活用
选词填空
The two men stood________(stare/glare)angrily at each other, while the crowd looked on with amusement.
答案：glaringInside was an exhibition of the most up－to－date inventions of the 31st century.
里面陈列着31世纪的最新发明。
这是一个完全倒装句，句子的真正主语是an exhibition。知识拓展
表示方位的副词或介词短语，如here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等置于句首时，常引起完全倒装句。另外now, then也有同样用法。
①Under a big tree sat a boy reading a book.
大树下坐着一个男孩，正在读书。
②Out rushed the children.
孩子们冲出去了。③Away flew the plane.
飞机飞走了。
④Now comes your turn.
现在轮到你了。
注意：①表方位的副词或介词短语提前，当主语是代词时，不倒装。例如：
In he came.
他进来了。
②若提前的部分有no, never, few, hardly 等否定结构时，不管主语是否为代词，都应用倒装结构。活学活用
补全句子
(1)约翰向门外看了看，树下站着一个他从未见过的人。
John looked out of the door. Under the tree ________ ________ ________he had never seen before.
答案：stood a man 考查倒装句式。here，there，thus，then等副词或介词短语位于句首，且句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装，所以填stood a man。
(2)紧挨着我们住着一位八十多岁的老人。
Next door to ours______ ________ ________ ________， who is no less than eighty.
答案：lives an old man/woman写作指导科幻题材作文的写作1．本单元的话题为“未来生活的幻想”，常涉及的内容有：
(1)社会保障问题，如：看病；高度发达的物质环境为人类提供了充分的保障。
(2)饮食问题，如：人类经过进化，饮食结构是否有变化。
(3)生活环境问题，如：高度发达的科技是加重了污染还是有助于治理甚至消除污染。
(4)娱乐问题，如：未来的人类主要依靠的娱乐设施。
2．常用词汇及句型
(1)描述话题常用的词汇有：
dream about梦想 on the Internet从因特网上 go shopping购物 go to see the doctor看病 pollution污染 robot机器人 computer计算机
(2)描述此话题常用的句型有：
I often dream about...我时常梦想……
Perhaps we will be able to...也许我们能够……
Robots can help us...机器人能帮我们……
We will be able to live on other stars.
我们将能够生活在其他星球上。
Travel will be easier to us because...
旅行将会更容易，因为……实战演练
根据以下内容，通过合理想象，用英语写一篇短文来展望未来科技新生活。
1．有些人可以到月亮上度假；
2．有些科学家可以在海底生活；
3．每家都有可视电话(videophone)，通过可视电话可以体检或购物；
4．孩子可以在家通过电视和广播接受教育；
5．机器人为你做家务。注意：
1．词数100左右，短文开头已为你写好，但不计入总词数；
2．内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。
Sometimes I dream about life in the future.What will it be like？______________________________________________
______________________________________________写作提示：
1．题目要求对未来生活进行展望，并给出了写作要点，属于提纲类作文，故应该按照要求把各个要点概括齐全，并注意衔接、过渡；
2．因为描述将来的生活，故以一般将来时态为主；
3．合理安排叙述顺序，最后表达个人期待、愿望等；
4．参考词汇：medical adj.医疗的，医学的；educational adj.教育的；come true实现。参考范文：
Sometimes I dream about life in the future. What will it be like? Perhaps some people will go to the moon for a holiday, and some scientists will live under the sea. Maybe we will have videophones in every home. We can have a medical examination or do some shopping without leaving our homes.
And I'm sure there'll be more educational programs on the radio or TV, so perhaps some children won't need to go to school every day. They'll study at home.
No people like doing housework. Maybe in the future each family will have a robot. Every day we can tell the robot what to do—go shopping, do the housework and so on.
I believe the dream will come true some day.Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Long ago ________ (巨大的) animals lived on the earth.
2．The people in both countries are overjoyed about the peaceful s________ of dispute.
3．He is ________ (模仿) what I'm doing.
4．What's the ________ (邮资) on this parcel?
5．We use high－quality raw ________ (材料) for our goods.
6．Don't throw the waste away. Put it into the d______.
7．The polluted water has changed the e______ of the whole area.
8．Always chew food well before ________ (吞咽) it.
9．She stared at the diamonds with ________ (贪婪的) eyes.
10．This envelope is made from ________ (再生) paper.
答案：1.enormous 2.settlement 3.imitating 4.postage 5.material 6.dustbin 7.ecology 8.swallowing 9.greedy
10．recycledⅡ.选词填空
1．They________the interests of the people.
2. Natives________the sudden appearance of this white stranger.
3．When I saw him, he________the book.4．She called the police________he left.
5．He________himself________a doctor.
6．This car is running________100 km/h.
7．His brother is a young man who________success.
8．The fire________the house.
9．The headmaster________with the parents whose children were injured in the schoolyard.
10．What is the best way to________used batteries?
答案：1.are representative of 2.were amazed at 3.was absorbed in 4.the instant 5.described；as 6.at a speed of 7.is greedy for 8.swallowed up 9.reached a settlement 10.dispose ofⅢ.单句改错
1．Instant she read the letter, she began to cry.
2．They have a large variety of goodses in the shop.
3．The way you work is far from efficiency.
4．Are their opinions representative about the views of all workers?
5．The roots of the plant are greedy to water.
6．I lay on the ground stared at the stars above.答案：1.Instant→The instant the instant可以作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。
2．goodses→goods goods本身即为复数。
3．efficiency→efficient far from＋adj.“远非……”。
4．about→of be representative of为固定搭配，意为“是……的代表”。
5．to→for be greedy for“对……渴求，对……贪婪”，为固定搭配。
6．stared→staring 表主动意义的动词的－ing形式作lay on the ground的伴随状语。课件11张PPT。英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5Life in the futureUnit 3(2015·安徽)
As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information，are people remembering less? If you know your computer will save information，why store it in your own personal memory，your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.In a recent study，Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory.In the first experiment，they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer.The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information.The second group understood that the computer would not save it.Later，the second group remembered the information better.People in the first group knew they could find the information again，so they did not try to remember it.In another experiment，the researchers gave people facts to remember，and told them where to find the information on the computer.The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly，people later remembered the folder location (位置) better than the facts.When people use the Internet，they do not remember the information.Rather，they remember how to find it.This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)．”According to Sparrow，we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet.Instead，computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is，people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date.This doesn't mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent，but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
文章大意：文章主要讲的是互联网给人类的记忆带来的影响。互联网使用者越来越依赖互联网来储存信息，人们这样做是否会丧失记忆事物的能力呢？专家怀疑互联网可能正在改变人们的记忆内容和方式。1．The passage begins with two questions to ________.
A．introduce the main topic
B．show the author's attitude
C．describe how to use the Internet
D．explain how to store information
答案：A 写作意图题。根据第一段“Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.”可知，作者使用两个问句是为了引出要讨论的话题。2．What can we learn about the first experiment?
A．The Sparrow's team typed the information into a computer.
B．The two groups remembered the information equally well.
C．The first group did not try to remember the information.
D．The second group did not understand the information.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段“People in the first group knew they could find the information again，so they did not try to remember it.”可知答案。3．In transactive memory，people ________.
A．keep the information in mind
B．change the quantity of information
C．organize information like a computer
D．remember how to find the information
答案：D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Rather，they remember how to find it.This is called‘transactive memory(交互记忆)’”可知，在交互记忆里，人们记得怎样找到信息。4．What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow's research?
A．We are using memory differently.
B．We are becoming more intelligent.
C．We have poorer memories than before.
D．We need a better way to access information.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段“but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing”可知，互联网对人们的记忆产生的影响是它改变了我们使用记忆力的方式。
