课件79张PPT。英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5 Making the newsUnit 4Section Ⅱ Learning about Language
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．________ adj.惯用的；合乎语言习惯的
2．__________ n．家庭主妇
3．________ n．罪行；犯罪idiomatic
housewife
crimeⅡ.短语互译
1．___________________澄清是非，把事情弄得准确无误
2．________________抢发独家新闻
3．________________报道
4．________________职业诀窍
5．_________________________完全搞错了；完全误解get the facts straight
get a scoop
cover a story
trick of the trade
get the wrong end of the stick
6．be eager to do sth. ________________
7．defend oneself against... ________________
8．assist sb. in doing sth. ________________
9．take photos ________________
10．a series of... ________________渴望干某事
为自己辩护
帮助某人干某事
拍照
一系列……
Ⅲ.重点句式
I did not know how to use that recorder.________________.
我不知道怎样用那录音机，他也不知道。Neither did he
Ⅳ.把下列句子变成倒装句
1．Zhou Suhong seldom cries before the people.
2．Some young students were around the teacher.
3．A young man sat beside the window with a magazine in his hand.
4．The weather was so cold that we had to stay at home.
5．We don't realize its value until we lose our health.
答案：1.Seldom does Zhou Suhong cry before the people.
2．Around the teacher were some young students.
3．Beside the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.
4．So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.
5．Not until we lose our health do we realize its value.crime n．[C]罪行；[U]犯罪；[sing.]不好的行为
①Crimes against the elderly are becoming more common.
针对老年人的犯罪变得越来越常见。
②Crime is on the increase in big cities.
在大城市里，犯罪正在逐渐增加。
③It's a crime to waste food.
浪费食物是不好的行为。criminal n．罪犯 adj.犯罪的，违法的；刑事的，刑法的；不道德的
commit a crime犯罪知识拓展活学活用
补全句子
这场大屠杀是一桩反人类的罪行。
The massacre was________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：a crime against humanity1.by accident 偶然地，意外地
①I found it by accident.
我很意外地发现了它。
②I met Jacob by accident in the cinema.
我偶然在电影院遇到了雅各布。知识拓展
(1)by chance意外地，偶然地
They met by chance on a plane.
他们在飞机上不期而遇。
(2)by any chance万一，碰巧
Would you by any chance have change for $5?
你能换五美元吗？
(3)meet with偶遇，碰到
I met with a friend in the train yesterday.
昨天我在火车上遇到一位朋友。(4)come across偶然遇到或找到
I came across my old college roommate in town today.
今天我在镇上遇到了我大学的室友。
(5)run into偶然遇见，偶然发现
I ran into an old friend.
我与一个老朋友不期而遇。
注意：by chance, by any chance, meet with, come across, run into这5个短语都表示“偶然遇到或发生某事”，但by chance 和by any chance 是介词短语，在句中只能作状语。另外三个是动词短语，在句中作谓语。
活学活用
单句改错
He broke the beautiful bowl by the accident.
______________________________________________
答案：去掉第二个the2．defend sb./sth.(from/against sb./sth.)
(1)防御，保护，保卫(某人/某事物)
①When the dog attacked me, I defended myself with a stick.
那狗扑向我时，我用棍子自卫。
②They had three players defending the goal (against attack)．
他们有三个队员防守球门。(2)辩解，辩白
①The newspaper defended her against the accusations.
报纸为她辩护，驳斥对她的指责。
②You'll need stronger evidence to defend your claim to the inheritance.
你需要更强有力的证据才能为你的遗产继承权进行辩护。比较网站
defend, protect, guard
这些动词均有“保护、保卫”之意。
(1)defend普通用词，指用武力或其他措施使人或物不受损害，消除危险。用作比喻时，指坚持某种行动、决定或意见；含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思。
She had to defend herself against the guard dog.
她不得不防备看门狗咬她。(2)protect普通用词，指用某种手段作为防御工具以防危险或伤害；天灾、战争等较大的事情，多用against；较小的事情多用from引出。
He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow.
他抬起胳膊挡住向他脸部打来的一拳。
(3)guard普通用词，指保持警惕以防可能的攻击或伤害。强调警卫，以确保安全。
The dog guarded the house(against strangers)．
狗守护着房子(防止陌生人进入)。活学活用
(1)用恰当词语填空
The soldiers' duty is to defend the country________its enemies.
答案：against 句意：战士的职责就是保卫国家不受敌人侵犯。考查介词。defend保卫，defend...against...保护……使不受……侵害。介词against符合语境。
(2)用defend，guard或protect的适当形式完成句子
①The gate is________by soldiers；you can't enter.
②He was wearing dark glasses to________his eyes from the sun.
③We will________our motherland to the last drop of our blood.
答案：①guarded ②protect ③defendI didnot know how to use that recorder. Neither did he.
我不知道怎样用那录音机，他也不知道。
本句中Neither did he相当于He didn't know, either。这里是将“neither/nor＋be/have/助动词/情态动词＋另一主语”用于否定句之后，表示前面所述的否定情况也适用于后者。
Lily can't ride a bike, neither/nor can Lucy.
莉莉不会骑自行车，露西也不会。
He hasn't finished his work, neither/nor have I.
他还没完成工作，我也没完成。知识拓展
(1)“so＋be/have/助动词/情态动词＋另一主语”用在肯定句后，表示前面所述的肯定情况也适用于后者。
Mike is good at playing basketball, so is Jack.
迈克擅长打篮球，杰克也擅长。
(2)若上述两种结构前的句子既有实义动词又有情态动词，或既有肯定又有否定的情况，则用It is/was the same with...或So it is/was with...句型。
—He came late for school, but he was not punished.
他上学迟到了，但未受到惩罚。
—So it was with me./It was the same with me.
我也是。
(3)“so＋同一主语＋be/have/助动词/情态动词”则意为“某人/物的确如此”，表示同意某人的观点。
—Lucy works hard.
露西工作很努力。
—So she does and so do you.
她的确如此，你也是。
活学活用
He didn't go swimming last week.I didn't go either.(用倒装结构改写)
______________________________________________
答案：He didn't go swimming last week，neither did I.倒装
倒装是英语中常见的一种语言现象。它具有强调、修饰等作用。若把助动词、情态动词放在主语前，则构成部分倒装；若把谓语动词放在主语前，则构成完全倒装。Ⅰ.完全倒装
完全倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时或一般过去时。常见的结构有：
1)There be句型：其中be可换成live, lie, stand, remain, exist, come, go, seem(appear/happen/used)to be等表示“存在”的词。
①There entered a strange little man.
走进来一个奇怪而身材又矮小的人。
②Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.
从前，海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。2)以here, there, off, out, in, up, down, away, now, then, on等表示方向、位置或时间副词开头的句子，谓语是come, go, be等动词时，并且其主语为名词时，通常使用完全倒装。
①Now, here goes the story.
这个故事是这样的。
②Then came another question.
然后又一个问题被提出来了。
③Away flew the bird.
那鸟飞走了。
④Suddenly, in came a man with a mask on his face.
突然进来一个蒙着面具的人。3)表示地点的介词短语，常将其放在句首，构成完全倒装，用于强调；注意，此时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词，且主语为名词。
①In the cottage lives a family of six.
在这幢小茅舍里住着一家六口。
②Near the bridge was an old cottage.
在桥的附近有一幢古老的小茅舍。
③Next to this one is another grand hotel which is beautifully decorated.
这家饭店隔壁还有一家装修华丽的大饭店。
④On either side of the great avenue stood many block buildings.
这条大街的两侧都耸立着许多综合楼。4)表语(充当表语的可以是形容词、分词、不定式、介词短语、副词等)置于句首，一般是主语较长或结构为较复杂的句子。
①Gone are the days when he was looked down upon.
他被人瞧不起的日子已经一去不复返了。
②In the armchair lay a cat, half asleep.
一只猫躺在椅子上，半睡半醒。
③Standing around the teacher were her students.
老师周围站着的都是她的学生。
④Also discussed were the problems we had met with in our studies.
同时还讨论了我们在学习中碰到的问题。
⑤First to unfold was the map of the world.
首先要打开的是世界地图。
5)such位于句首。
①Such are the fortunes of war.
这些就是战争的机会。
②Such were his last words.
他最后的话就是这些。Ⅱ.部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语部分不含有助动词或情态动词时，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
1)为了避免句子内容出现不必要的重复，常用“so＋be动词(助动词、情态动词)＋主语”或“neither/nor＋be动词(助动词、情态动词)＋主语”的倒装句式。其中第一个句式表示“与前面所述的肯定情况相同”，第二个句式表示“与前面所述的否定情况相同”。①His brother is a college student, so is mine.
他弟弟是大学生，我弟弟也是。
②He used to have his further study abroad, so did I.
他曾去国外深造过，我也去过。
③One of my friends cannot speak foreign languages, neither can his wife.
我的一个朋友不会说外语，他的妻子也不会。
④They are not now preparing for their final examinations, nor are we.
他们没在为期末考试做准备，我们也没有。2)具有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时(除否定词修饰主语外)，句子通常采用部分倒装。这类词或短语常见的有：not, never, seldom, hardly, little, nowhere, rarely, scarcely, by no means, under no circumstances, in no way, at no time, not until..., no sooner...(than), hardly...(when), not only...(but also)。
①Never have my sisters been to Hong Kong before.
我的妹妹们以前从未去过香港。
②So far as I know, seldom does Mary come back to see her mother.
就我所知，玛丽几乎难得回来看她妈妈。③Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。
④By no means are these goods satisfactory.
这些货物一点儿也不令人满意。
⑤Not until twelve o'clock did he go to bed last night.
他昨晚直到十二点钟才睡觉。
⑥Not only was the city polluted, but the streets were crowded.
不仅城市被污染，而且街道很拥挤。
⑦No sooner had I returned home from New Zealand than I bought a house and went to live there.
我从新西兰一回国，就买了一栋房子并在那儿住下了。
⑧Hardly could he finish his test paper when the school bell rang.
＝When the bell rang, he could hardly finish his test paper.
他还未做完试卷，下课铃就响了。3)as, though引导的让步状语从句，其中表语、状语等放在as或though之前。注意：as/though引导的让步状语从句具有以下特点：①表语提前，形容词最高级前的the，单数可数名词前的a/an要省略。②主谓结构的句子，谓语动词(原形)提前时，主语后补出相应的助动词。
①Successful as he is, he is not proud.
尽管他取得了成功，但他并不骄傲。
②Shortest as he is, he is the cleverest of the three.
虽然他是三个人中最矮的，却是最聪明的。
③Child as he is, he knows some of the family secrets.
尽管他还是个孩子，他却知道家里的一些秘密。 (注意child前无冠词)
④Try as I might, I could not lift the stone.
尽管我用尽力气，我还是举不起这块石头。
⑤Too much as/though I like it, I can't afford it.
虽然我非常喜欢它，但是我却买不起。4)so/such...that...句型中，so/such部分放在句首，该部分须采用部分倒装。
①So serious was the situation that everybody faced a test.
形势如此地严峻，每个人都面临着一场考验。
②So hard did he overwork that he fell ill at last.
他太操劳过度以至于最后病倒了。
③In such a hurry did she leave that she forgot to lock the door.
她匆匆离去，以至于忘记了锁门。5)句首以were, had, should开头，省略if的虚拟语气条件句。
①Had they not helped us, we could not have done it so successfully.
如果没有他们的帮助，我们不可能把那件事办的如此成功。
②Should he come, say “Nobody in” to him.
万一他来了，对他说：“公司没人。”
③Were I you，I would go with them.
我要是你的话，我就跟他们一起去。6)only与副词、介词短语及状语从句连用放在句首时。
①Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.
只有这样，你才有可能想出解决这个问题的办法。
②Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
叫了三次之后，他才来参加会议。
③Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.
只有当病得很重时，他才卧床休息。
7)频度副词及短语。如：often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every other day等位于句首时。
①Many a time has he given me good advice.
他多次给我忠告。
②Often have I seen these Young Pioneers do good deeds.
我经常看到这些少先队员做好事。8)表祝愿的句子常用倒装。
①May our friendship last forever!
愿我们的友谊长存！
②May your company become prosperous!
祝贵公司生意兴隆！
③Long live the great, glorious and correct the Communist Party of China!
伟大、光荣、正确的中国共产党万岁！
9)某些感叹句也用倒装语序。
①Isn't it a beautiful garden!
多么美丽的花园啊！
②Have you ever seen such a naughty kid like him!
你见过哪个孩子像他这么调皮！知识拓展
1)在以there, here, up, down, out, in等副词开头的句子中，主语是代词时，句子不倒装。
There they are.
他们在那边。
2)only修饰主语，句子不倒装。
Only Mary knows the answer.
只有玛丽知道答案。
3)表示赞同某人的看法时，用So＋S.＋do/does/did.
—I told you that I would come.
—我告诉过你我会来的。
—So you did.
—你确实说过。4)not until后接从句时，主句部分倒装，从句不倒装；no sooner...than, hardly...when, not only...but also引导两个分句时，前一分句部分倒装，后一分句不倒装，这种结构常用过去完成时。但在neither...nor结构中，前后两个分句均要倒装。
①Not only did he complain about the food, but also refused to pay for it.
他不仅抱怨饭菜的质量，而且拒不付款。
②Hardly had he finished his speech when the audience started cheering.
他刚演讲完观众便欢呼起来。
③No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
她刚出门，就有个学生来访。
④Neither do I know her name, nor does he.
我不知道她的名字，他也不知道。
巧学助记
部分倒装口诀：
副词开头要倒装，人称代词非如常；only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装；否定意义副连词，位于句首须倒装；表语前置主语长，衔接自然常倒装；such代词作表语，引起主谓要倒装；not only开头句，前一分句须倒装；had, were, should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。高考真题改编
用倒装结构完成句子
1．(2015·天津卷改编)Only when Lily walked into the office________(realize)that she had left the contract at home.
答案：did she realize 句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。本题考查only位于句首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要主谓倒装。根据时态和句意可知填did she realize。2．(2015·湖南卷改编)Only after talking to two students ________ I ________(discover)that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
答案：did ; discover 副词only置于句首，强调方式状语、条件状语、地点状语、时间状语等状语时，主句要进行部分倒装。如果被only所强调的状语为状语从句，该状语从句不倒装，只对主句进行倒装。此题中only作为副词放在句首修饰时间状语after talking to two student，所以主句要进行部分倒装。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do，does或did，并将其置于主语之前。句意：在和两个学生交谈之后我才意识到拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素。3．(2014·陕西卷改编)No sooner ________Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
答案：had 考查倒装。句意：莫言刚踏上舞台，观众就爆发出了雷鸣般的掌声。no sooner... than...一……就……，no sooner位于句首时，应进行部分倒装，且动作发生在掌声爆发之前，故用过去完成时。
4．(2014·大纲卷改编)Not only________ the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.
答案：do 考查倒装句。句意：护士不但想要加薪，她们还要求减少工作时间。
5．(2014·湖南卷改编)Only when you can find peace in your heart ________you keep good relationships with others.
答案：will 考查特殊句式。only所修饰的状语位于句首时，主句用部分倒装句，即将主句谓语中的助动词、系动词或情态动词提到主句的主语前，根据从句可知主句用一般将来时。
6．(2013·全国Ⅱ卷改编)________ by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percentcan the patients be treated properly in this hospital.
答案：Only 考查倒装句。句意：只有通过增加百分之五十的医生，在医院里才能合理地给病人治病。“Only＋状语”置于句首时，主句用部分倒装语序，故填only。
7．(2013·辽宁卷改编)At no time ________they actually break the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.
答案：did 考查特殊句式的用法。句意：他们实际上没有违反比赛的规则，处罚他们是不公平的。at no time“从不，绝不”，是否定副词，位于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构。由第二句中的was可知应填did。8．(2013·江苏卷改编)“Never for a second，”the boy says, “________I doubt thatmy father would come to my rescue.”
答案：did 考查倒装。句意：“我从没怀疑，”男孩说，“父亲会来救我”。never“从不”，表示否定意义的副词位于句首，句子用部分倒装语序。又是叙述过去的事情，故用一般过去时。
9．(2013·湖南卷改编)Not once ________it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
答案：did 考查倒装语序。句意：麦克怎么也没想到他有一天会成为班里的尖子生。否定副词(Not once)位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装语序。
10．(2013·福建卷改编)Not until he went through real hardship ________ he realize the love we have for our families is important.
答案：did 考查not until的倒装语序。not until置于句首，使用部分倒装语序；realize动作与went同时发生，故填did。
专项练习
1．Only when he apologizes for his rudeness ________ I speak to him again.
答案：will 考查倒装和时态。句意：只有当他为他的粗鲁道歉时，我才会和他说话。“Only＋状语”位于句首，句子采用部分倒装语序，when时间状语从句采用一般现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时态，所以填will。2．The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor________he even give it a thought.
答案：will nor“也不”，表示否定的词位于句首，句子用部分倒装；根据前后时态一致原则，填will。句意：校长不会允许课程的改变，他甚至不会给予考虑。
3．Only when the chief editor comes________ it be possible to settle the problem.
答案：will 句意：只有主编来了，才有可能解决这个问题。“Only＋状语”放在句首时，主句需要部分倒装，但要注意作状语的从句(即状语从句)不能倒装。4．Great________ the difficulty was the mountain climbers eventually conquered Mountain Qomolangma.
答案：as/though 句意：虽然困难重重，但是这些登山者最终征服了珠穆朗玛峰。“形容词、副词、名词甚至是动词＋as/though＋主语＋谓语”放在主句前面，相当于though/although引导的状语从句。本句中Great as/though the difficulty was＝Although/Though the difficulty was great。
5．—It's burning hot today, isn't it?
—Yes.________was it yesterday.
答案：So 句意：“—今天热极了，对吗？”“—是的，昨天也这么热。”表达前后两天的天气情况相同，采用“so＋助动词/情态动词等＋(另一个)主语”。6．The child tiptoed quietly to the bird.Away it________(fly)into the forest when he was about to catch it.
答案：flew 句意：这个孩子蹑手蹑脚地走向小鸟，当他就要捉住小鸟时，它一下子飞进了森林。副词away用于句首，如果主语是名词，则用倒装结构；如果主语是代词，则用正常语序；此处主语是代词it，不需要倒装。
7．Try ________ she might, Sue couldn't get the door open.
答案：as/though 句意：尽管苏尝试了，但她还是打不开门。根据句子结构可知，本题考查as/though引导的让步状语从句，要用倒装语序。其结构为：动词/名词/形容词/副词＋as/though＋主语＋谓语，填as。8．Never in my wildest dreams________I imagine these people are living in such poor conditions.
答案：could 句意：我连做梦都不会想到这些人会生活在如此贫穷的环境中。因为否定词never位于句首，故用倒装结构。
9．We laugh at jokes, but seldom ________ we think about how they work.
答案：do 句意：我们会对一些玩笑大笑不止，但是却很少去考虑一下这些玩笑说明了什么。否定副词seldom位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，由laugh可知应用一般现在时。10．Just in front of our house________(stand)a tall tree with a history of 1,000 years.
答案：stands 表示地点的介词短语，常将其放在句首，构成全部倒装，用于强调；注意，此时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词且主语为名词。
11．________curious were the couple about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.
答案：So 考查so/such...that句型的倒装句式。主句倒装， that从句主谓不倒装。
12．Mary never does any reading in the evening，________does John(约翰也不)．
答案：neither/nor 本题考查连词nor引导的倒装句，neither/nor＋情态动词或助动词＋主语。该结构表示前边所说的情况也同样适合于后者。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We were friends and________(同事) for more than 20 years.
2．I have a lot of reading________(任务) to complete before the end of term.
3．________(犯罪) is an increasingly serious problem in Russian society.
4．We are becoming one of the market leaders in the________(时尚) industry.
5．She works as a care a________in an old people's home.6．Married at nineteen，she was a traditional h________and mother of four children.
7．She's a senior e________ in the reference department of a publishing company.
8．The famous star looked as if the p________had caught her by surprise.
答案：1.colleagues 2.assignments 3.Crime 4.fashion 5.assistant 6.housewife 7.editor 8.photographerⅡ.同义句转换
1．Never will Zhou Yang forget his assignment at the office of China Daily.
→Zhou Yang________ ________forget his assignment at the office of China Daily.
2．A student should cheat in an exam at no time.
→At no time________ ________ ________ ________in an exam.
3．A modern lab lies between the lakes.
→Between the lakes________ ________ ________ ________.4．She didn't leave to work until I came back.
→Not until________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________to work.
5．You can learn maths well only in this way.
→Only in this way________ ________ ________ ________well.
答案：1.will never 2.should a student cheat 3.lies a modern lab 4.I came back did she leave 5.can you learn mathsⅢ.单句改错
1．In the doorway did a man stand with a gun.
______________________________________________
答案：did a man stand→stood a man in the doorway为表示方位的短语，用于句首，且句子的主语为名词，该句需用完全倒装句式。
2．If you don't go there，neither do I.
______________________________________________
答案：do→will if引导条件状语从句时，适应于“主将从现”的时态原则，故主句需用一般将来时。句意：如果你不去那儿，我也不去。3．Hardly he had entered the office when he realised that he had forgotten his report.
______________________________________________
答案：第一个he had→had he 在hardly...when...这个结构中，hardly所在的主句要倒装，表示“一……就……”。
4．Not only does the boy work hard，but is he polite.
______________________________________________
答案：把he提到is前 在not only...but also...这个结构中，also可以省略，当该结构连接两个并列句时，not only所在的句子用部分倒装，but(also)所在的句子不用倒装。
5．Patient as was he, he wouldn't wait for three hours.
______________________________________________
答案：was he→he was as引导让步状语从句时，通常把从句中的表语或状语置于句首，其后不用倒装结构。句意：尽管他很有耐心，但他不会等三个小时的。课件63张PPT。英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5Making the newsUnit 4Section Ⅲ Using LanguageⅠ.下面是本部分的重点词汇，你能准确填出内容吗？
1．根据提示写出下列单词
(1)________ (n.)罪行；犯罪
(2)________ (n.)版(本)；版次
(3)___________ (n.)部门；部；处；系
(4)________ (vt.)擦亮；磨光；润色
(5)________ (adj.)主要的；首席的 (n.)首领；长官
(6)________ (vt.)加工；处理 (n.)过程；程序；步骤crime
edition
department
polish
chief
process
(7)accurate (adj.)精确的；正确的→__________ (adv.)精确地→________ (n.)精确
(8)senior (adj.)年长的；高年级的→________ (adj.)年轻的；低年级的
(9)approve (vt.)赞成；认可；批准→________ (n.)许可
(10)appointment (n.)约会；任命→________ (vt.)委派；任命accuratelyaccuracyjuniorapprovalappoint2．补全短语
(1)get absorbed ________ 致力于
(2)refer...________... 把……提交给……
(3)begin ________ 以……开始
(4)ahead ________ 在……的前面
(5)pass sth. ________ to 把……传递给……
(6)last ________ all 最后
(7)be happy ________ 对……满意
(8)be supposed ________ 应该intowithofonofwithtoⅡ.阅读文章GETTING THE “SCOOP”，把下面一份报纸的制作流程补充完整。
1．Journalists ________ people and write stories.
2．Photographers take ________ of important people.
3．Photos are __________ quickly.
4．Editors ________ the report carefully.
5．Copy－editors ________ the headline.
6．Chief editors ________ the report and ________ it.
7．The newspapers are ________.
8．The newspapers are delivered ________ trains and trucks.interviewphotosdevelopedcheckdesignreadapproveprintedby1.edition n．[C]版(本)，版，版次；某版的发行册数
①His book went through five editions.
他的书印了5版。
②The edition was very small.
此版发行册数很少。①常用于以下短语：
a pocket edition袖珍版
a paper－back edition平装版
a revised edition修订版
②同根词：
edit vt.编辑，剪辑；editor n．编者，主编知识拓展
活学活用
用所给单词的正确形式填空
He is the ________ of the publishing house; he may have a paper－back ________ of the book.(edit)
答案：editor；edition2．department n. 部，局，司，处，系；(医院的)科，部门
①Professor Jenkins is the head of the English Department.
詹金斯教授是英语系主任。
②He works in the sales department of the company.
他任职于该公司的销售部。departmental adj.部门的；分部的
department store百货公司，大百货商店
be sb.'s department某人的职责范围(或知识范围)知识拓展
活学活用
完成句子
他是这个大学的历史系教授。
He is a professor in________ ________ ________ ________the university.
答案：the History Department of3．accurate adj.
(1)正确无误的
①His description was accurate.
他的叙述很正确。
②He is accurate in what he says and does.
他言行一致。
(2)精确的，能提供精确信息的
①My watch is not very accurate.
我的表不准了。
②Journalists are not always accurate (in what they write)．
新闻工作者(的报道)并非一贯准确。accuracy n．精确，准确
accurately adv.准确地，精确地，正确无误地
inaccurate adj.不正确的，不精确的知识拓展活学活用
用词语的恰当形式填空
(1)I have been convinced that the print media are usually________(accurate)and more reliable than television.
答案：more accurate 句意：我一直都确信纸质媒体通常比电视要更加准确，更加可靠。考查形容词比较级。后有than，故用比较级。
(2)There is a need to check the________(accurate)of these figures.
答案：accuracy 句意：有必要核对一下这些数字的准确性。设空处作宾语，故用名词形式。accuracy n．精确；准确(性)。4．senior
1) adj.
(1)～(to sb.)级别(或地位)高的
There are separate rooms for senior and junior officers.
高级军官和下级军官的房间是分着的。
(2)成人的；高级水平的
He won the senior men's 400 metres.
他赢得了男子甲组400米冠军。
(3)(父子同名时，加在父亲的名字前)老，大
John Parker, Senior is the father of John Parker, Junior.
老约翰·派克是小约翰·派克的父亲。(4)(招收11～13岁以上学生的)中等学校，中学部
Lying north of the church is a girls' senior high school.
位于这座教堂以北的是一所女子高中。
2) n.
(1)较……年长的人
Paul is my senior by two years.
保罗长我两岁。
(2)级别(或地位)较高者；上级，上司
He was my senior.
他过去是我的上级。活学活用
(1)用恰当词语填空
Lisa is senior________Judy because Lisa has been working here for two years, while Judy is a newcomer.
答案：to 句意：丽萨比朱迪资格老，因为丽萨已经在这儿工作了两年，而朱迪只是个新人。be senior to“比……资格老；比……年长”。
(2)同义句改写
She ranks higher than anyone else in the company.
She________ ________ ________anyone else in the company.
答案：is senior to
5．polish
1) v.
(1)～sth.(up)(with sth.)擦亮；磨光
①Silver polishes easily with this special cloth.
用这块特殊的布能很容易把银擦亮。
②Polish shoes regularly to protect the leather.
要经常擦鞋，以保护皮革。图解助记
(2)～sth.(up)修改；润色；润饰
①Four years of prep school should polish those children.
四年的预科学习应该让这些孩子变得温文尔雅。
②The hotel has polished up its act (＝improved its service) since last year.
这家酒店自去年以来已经改善了服务水平。2) n.
(1)[sing]磨光，擦亮
I give it a polish now and again.
我不时地把它擦亮。
(2)[U] (表演的)完美，娴熟，精湛
She played the piano with the polish of a much old musician.
她弹奏钢琴颇有资深音乐家的风格。
(3)[U]文雅，优雅；品味；礼貌
She thought it that her husband's family lacked polish.
她认为她丈夫的家人缺乏品味。活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
Finally，my thanks go to my tutor，who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and ________(polish)every page of my draft.
答案：polished 句意：最后，我要感谢我的导师，他给我的论文提供了很多建议和评论，并且对我初稿的每一页都做了修改。根据语境可知此处应该用现在完成时态，此处省略了has，填polished。(2)用恰当词语填空
—I haven't seen you for a long time.What are you busy doing?
—I have been polishing________my French because I will go to work in France this summer.
答案：up 句意：—我好久没见你了。你在忙什么呢？——我正在提高我的法语水平，因为我今年夏天要去法国工作。考查动词短语，polish up改善，提高，符合语境。6．chief
1) adj.
(1)最重要的，首要的，主要的
①What is the chief town in China?
中国的主要城市是哪一个？
②The chief reason I'm not taking a holiday is that I have too much work to do.
我不休假的主要原因是我有太多的工作要做。
(2)最高级别的，为首的，首要的
①Li Hua was appointed chief engineer of the project.
李华被委任为该项工程的总工程师。
②Li Hua acts as the chief financial officer of the company.
李华是公司的首席财务官。2) n.
(1)(公司或机构的)首领、头目、最高领导人
The chief of the police department demanded severe punishments for criminals.
警察局长要求严惩罪犯。
(2)部落首领，部落酋长
He is the chief of this tribe.
他是该部落的首领。活学活用
完成句子
吸烟是导致肺癌的主要原因之一。
Smoking is one of the ________ ________ ________ lung cancer.
答案：chief causes of7．approve v.
(1)approve (of sb./sth.)赞成，同意
①I'm afraid your parents won't approve of your going there.
我担心你父母不会赞成你到那儿去。
②I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please don't neglect your studies.
我同意你去挣一些钱，可是请不要误了功课。(2)批准，通过(计划、提案、要求等)
①The minutes of the last meeting were approved.
上次会议记录已获得通过。
②The mayoress approved the new building plans.
女市长批准了新建筑计划。
(3)认可；核准
①The auditors approved the company's accounts.
审计员核准了公司的账目。
②The course is approved by the Department of Education.
该课程已获教育部核准。approve of (doing) sth.赞成(做)某事
approve of sb.支持某人
approval n．[U，C]赞成；同意；批准知识拓展活学活用
(1)用恰当词语填空
Her father approved________her staying in the U．S.A.for another year so that she could work toward her master's degree.
答案：of 句意：她父亲同意她在美国再待一年，为的是她能攻读硕士学位。考查介词。approve of...同意……，故填介词of。
(2)补全句子
(2015·江苏响水调研)你最好把头发剪短。我们学校不允许学生留长发。
You'd better cut your hair short.Our school doesn't ________ ________ ________ ________long hair.
答案：approve of students wearing8．process
1) n.
(1)(为达到某一目标的) 过程，进程
Reforming the education system will be a difficult process.
改革教育制度将是一个艰难的过程。
(2)(事物发展，尤指自然变化的)过程，步骤，流程
It's a normal part of the learning process.
那是学习过程中的正常现象。
(3)做事方法，工艺流程，工序
He explained the process of building a boat.
他解释了造船的工序。2) v.
(1)加工，处理
How fast does the new micro process the data?
这种新微型计算机处理数据有多快？
(2)审阅，审核，处理(文件，请求等)
It may take a few weeks for your application to be processed.
审查你的申请书也许要等几个星期。知识拓展
(1)in the process 在进行中
I started moving the china ornaments but dropped a vase in the process.
我动手搬那些瓷制饰物，但在移动时摔了一只花瓶。
(2)in the process of sth./doing sth.在从事某任务的过程中
We're still in the process of moving house.
我们还正在搬着家呢。
(3)procedure n．[C，U]程序；手续；步骤
活学活用
选词填空(process/progress)
Producing a dictionary is a slow ________.
答案：process 句意：编成一本字典是一个缓慢的过程。process“过程”，符合题意。progress“进步”。9．appointment n.
(1)[C]～(with sb.)约会，预约，约定
I have an appointment with my dentist this afternoon.
我已约好今天下午去看牙医。
(2)[C & U]～(as/to sth.)任命，委任
His promotion to manager was a popular appointment.
他升任经理是众望所归的。
(3)[C]职务，职位
Her career culminated in her appointment as director.
她一生事业的顶峰是当上董事。①I've made an appointment for a facial next week.
我已经预约了下周去美容。
②He will only see you by appointment.
只有事先约好他才能接见你。appointment with...与……的约会
make an appointment约定
keep an appointment守约
by appointment依约；预约知识拓展活学活用
(1)用恰当词语填空
If you want to see the chairman of the department，you'd better________an appointment with his secretary first.
答案：make 句意：如果你想见系主任，你最好先与他的秘书预约一下。make an appointment with sb.与某人预约。
(2)用恰当形式填空
________(appoint)as the chairman of China，Mr.Xi was determined to serve his country heart and soul.
答案：Appointed1.ahead of(时间、空间)在……前面；早于；领先
①Three boys were ahead of us.
有三个小伙子在我们前面。
②I finished the work several days ahead of the deadline.
我在最后期限的前几天完成了工作。
③She was always well ahead of the rest of the class.
她总是遥遥领先于班上其他同学。图解助记
Tom is running ahead of me.
汤姆跑在我前面。
Jack is running behind me.
杰克跑在我后面。比较网站
ahead of time, in advance
①The building was finished ahead of time.
大楼提前完工了。
②Book a ticket in advance.
预先订一张票。活学活用
完成句子
(1)我们决定提前完成工作。
We determined to finish the work______ ______ ______.
答案：ahead of time
(2)—May I use your electric juicer?
—Sure，________(当然可以). You can return it tomorrow.
答案：go ahead 根据答语You can return it tomorrow可知同意对方用榨汁机。Sure, go ahead表示“当然可以，用吧”。2．set to work (使)开始工作，起劲地干起来
①On receiving the assignment, we set to work at once.
一接到任务，我们就立即开始工作。
②On his arrival, he set to work with us.
他一到就和我们一起干了起来。
知识拓展活学活用
用set短语填空
(1)In much of the animal world, night is the time ________ for sleep—pure and simple.
答案：set aside 句意：在动物界，夜晚就是留出来睡觉的——单纯、简单。set aside“留出来”。
(2)Ralph W. Emerson would always ________ new ideas that occurred to him.
答案：set down 考查动词短语。句意：Ralph W. Emerson常常将突然想到的新想法写下来。set down“记下”。写作指导新闻报道类写作新闻报道，一般是把最近发生的一件事情以最快的速度告诉公众，有时候还要加以评论，所以，它兼有记叙文和议论文的特点。
比较完整的新闻报道一般由标题、主体和结尾三部分组成，但并非每一篇新闻报道都必须有这几个部分，这要根据具体的内容需要而定。1．标题对于新闻报道很重要，甚至有时一个标题就是一条报道。因而，标题要提炼新闻事件的“精华”，把最吸引人的地方体现出来，同时要简洁。如果需要，可以在正标题下加上副标题。
2．在写新闻报道时，一定要交代清楚新闻五要素，即五个“W”：什么事件(What)？谁被牵连到这个事件之中(Who)？这个事件是什么时候发生的(When)？是在什么地方发生的(Where)？为什么发生这个事件(Why)？有时还要加上一个H(How)，即事件的过程。报道只有交代清楚事件、人物、时间、地点、原因、过程等，才能使读者觉得报道可信。3．新闻报道可以根据所报道的内容采用不同的结构。如可采用倒金字塔式结构，即先说结局后说原因，多用于报道一些突发事件；也可以采用时间顺序结构，多用于重大仪式现场报道等。
实战演练
星光中学(Xingguang High School)近期举行了一次登山活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文。报道此次活动。内容包括：
1．时间与地点：4月10日，大青山(Daqing Mountain)；
2．活动的过程；
3．你对于这次活动的评论。注意：
1．词数120左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
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______________________________________________参考范文：
In order to encourage the students to take outdoor exercise, our school organized a mountain－climbing on April 10. Hundreds of students took part in.
It was a nice day. At 8：00 am, we gathered at the foot of Daqing Mountain and set out for the top in high spirits. All the way we were chatting, singing and laughing, enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery. When some fell behind, others would come and offer help. About 2 hours later, we all reached the top. Bathed in sunshine, we jumped and cheered.
The activity benefited us a lot.Not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy school work, but it also promoted the friendship among us. What a wonderful time!Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Increasing the number of women in top management jobs will be a slow________(过程)．
2．He has made an________(约会) with his doctor for his toothache.
3．________(高级的) pupils are expected to set an example to the younger children.
4．The English________(系) of our school will hold a party to celebrate Christmas.
5．One of the c________causes of crime today is drugs.6. We had to wait months for the council to a________our plans to extend the house.
7．Her novel is an a________reflection of life in post－war Spain.
8．Your essay is good; you just need to p________it a bit.
答案：1.process 2.appointment 3.Senior 4.Department 5.chief 6.approve 7.accurate 8.polishⅡ.补全句子
1．在赛跑时，他不久就跑到其他选手前面去了。
He soon got________ ________the other runners in the race.
2．你知道怎样着手进行这项工作吗？
Do you know how to________ ________going on this work?
3．我的父母不准许我吸烟。
My parents don't________ ________me smoking.
4．我需要在我们去度假前提高一下自己的汉语水平。
I need to________ ________my Chinese before we go on vacation.
5．我叔叔被任命为会议的主席。
My uncle was ________ ________the chairman of the meeting.
答案：1.ahead of 2.set about 3.approve of 4.polish up 5.appointed asⅢ.用适当的介词填空
1．I'm eager ________success.
2．Whether we'll go camping this weekend depends ________the weather.
3．He is accused ________cheating.
4．I don't think that your talk with him has much influence ________him.
5．He was absorbed ________his study.
答案：1.for 2.on/upon 3.of 4.on/upon 5.in课件11张PPT。英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5Making the newsUnit 4(2015·陕西·A)For more information，please visit：http：//www.sws.com/share文章大意：文章介绍的是杂志的征稿启事，以及各个版面的稿费和要求。1．How much will the magazine pay for a joke to be published?
A．$50. B．$100.
C．$150. D．$350.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据Anecdotes and Jokes里面的句子：$50可知，这本杂志会为笑话付50美元的稿费，所以选A。2．If you want to share a story of your pets with the readers，you need to submit it to ________.
A．Anecdotes and Jokes B．Smart Animals
C．Power of Love D．My story
答案：B 细节理解题。根据Smart Animals里面的句子：Send us a tale about the strange behaviour ofunique pets or wildlife in up to 300 words，可知，如果你想和读者分享宠物的故事，你需要提交给Smart Animals，所以选B。3．A story showing people's generosity should be emailed to the editor at ________.
A．juliet@sws.com B．susan@sws.com
C．audrey@sws.com D．nanjc@sws.com
答案：B 细节理解题。根据Power of Love里面的句子：Acts of generosity...Email：susan@sws.com.可知，展示人们慷慨的故事应该用电邮发给susan@sws.com的编辑，故选B。4．An inspiring story sent to the magazine should ________.
A．describe strange behaviour
B．contain less than 800 words
C．be real and original
D．be published before
答案：C 细节理解题。根据My Story里面的句子：Your story must be true, unpublished, original and 800－1,000 words.可知一个激励人心的故事应该是真实的原创的，故选C。
