课件79张PPT。英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5 First aidUnit 5Section Ⅱ Learning about LanguageⅠ.单词拼写
1．The front door is locked and all the windows are________(坚固地)shut.
2．I have a severe cough and ________ (喉咙) pain.
3．The scared baby held the mother's arm ________ (紧紧地)．
4．He escaped from the train wreck without ______ (伤害)．
5．He gave the poor woman a __________ (暂时的) job as well as some money.
6．A balanced diet is________(极为重要的)to one's health.firmlythroattightlyinjurytemporaryvital
Ⅱ.补全短语
1．too ________ 太多
2．a ________ of touch 触觉
3．belong ________ 属于
4．act ________ 充当，担任muchsensetoasⅢ.试着将下列句子改为省略结构
1．Don't move the broken leg if it is possible.
2．He tried to save the people buried in the ruins as others saved the people.
3．You carry the heavy box for the old man.
4．If we had gone to the party, we should have known the fact.
5．Do you know the gentleman whom our teacher is talking with?
答案：1.Don't move the broken leg if possible.
2．He tried to save the people buried in the ruins as others.
3．Carry the heavy box for the old man.
4．Had we gone to the party, we should have known the fact.
5．Do you known the gentleman our teacher is talking with?1.tight adj.
(1)牢固的，紧的，不松动的
①He kept a tight grip on her arm.
他紧紧握住了她的胳膊。
②The screw was so tight that it wouldn't move.
螺丝钉太紧，拧不开。(2)紧身的，紧贴的
①She was wearing a tight pair of jeans.
她穿着一条紧身牛仔裤。
②The new sweater was a tight fit.
这件新毛衣很贴身。
(3)拮据的，不宽裕的
①We have a very tight budget.
我们的预算很紧。
②The president has a tight schedule today.
总统今天的日程排满了。(4)严密的，严格的；拉紧的
①We need tighter security at the airport.
我们需要在机场实行更加严密的安全措施。
②The rope was stretched tight.
这根绳子被拉得很紧。tightly adv. 紧紧地，牢牢地
tighten v. (使)变紧，更加牢固知识拓展比较网站
tight (adv.)，tightly
[译]袋子包装得很紧。
[误]The bags were tight packed.
[正]The bags were packed tight.
[正]The bags were tightly packed.活学活用
用恰当形式填空
He held my hand very________(tight)at first but gradually his hold loosened.
答案：tightly 句意：开始时他紧紧握住我的手，但是渐渐地松开了。tightly表示“紧紧地”，符合语境。
2．firm adj.
(1)坚固的，坚硬的
①These peaches are still firm.
这些桃子还很硬。
②Bake the cakes until they are firm to touch.
把蛋糕烤到摸起来有硬感为止。(2)坚定的，坚决的
①She is a firm favourite with the children.
孩子们着实喜欢她。
②We have no firm evidence to support the case.
我们没有确凿的证据支持这个论点。
(3)牢固的，稳固的
①The ladder felt strong and firm.
这把梯子感觉很结实稳固。
②Stand the fish tank on a firm base.
把鱼缸放在牢固的基座上。①Keep your eyes firmly fixed on the road ahead.
密切注视路的前方。
②“I can manage”， she said firmly.
“我应付得了”，她坚定地说。firmly adv. 坚定地，坚固地知识拓展活学活用
用恰当形式填空
I shall tell her ________(firm)that it is not any business of hers.
答案：firmly 句意为“我将毫不含糊地告诉她这不关她的事”。1.knock over打翻，撞翻
①He'd knocked over a glass of water.
他打翻了一杯水。
②Who knocked that bottle over?
谁把瓶子撞倒了？①The room was dark and he knocked into the table.
房间里一片漆黑，他撞到了桌子上。
②She was knocked down by a bus.
她被一辆公共汽车撞倒在地。knock into撞到……上
knock sb. down/over打倒(击倒或撞倒)某人
knock sth. down推倒
knock off停止做某事知识拓展
③These old houses are going to be knocked down.
这些旧房子就要拆了。
④Do you want to knock off early today?
你今天想早点儿歇工吗？活学活用
完成句子
(1)He____________(撞翻)his coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard.
(2)Did you notice who____________(撞倒她)?
(3)He was lost in thought and__________(撞到树上)．
(4)Please________________(把鸟从树洞里敲打出来)．
答案：(1)knocked over (2)knocked her over/down
(3)knocked into/against the tree (4)knock the bird out of the hole in the tree2．belong to
(1)属于
①The temple surrounded by a wall belongs to the local government.
被墙围着的那座庙属于当地政府。
②What you said does not belong to this discussion.
你所说的不属于这次讨论的范围。
(2)是……的一部分；为……的一员
Do you belong to the club?
你有没有加入那个俱乐部？
提示：belong to不用于被动语态和进行时态。The hammer belongs with the rest of the tools.
这把锤子通常和其他工具放在一起。belong vi.应该在(某处)，通常在(某处)；适合在(某处)，适应(不与to连用，后面通常跟副词或其他介词短语)
belongings n．财产；所有物知识拓展活学活用
用恰当形式填空
He took away the bag not ________(belong)to him by mistake.
答案：belonging 句意：他错拿了不属于他的包。belong是不及物动词，与主语he是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式作定语。She could not decide whether to send him to hospital or not to send him to hospital.
她不能决定要送他去医院还是不送他去医院。
该句中whether to send him...为“whether＋不定式”结构，在句中作动词decide的宾语。英语中有些动词(词组)如tell，show，know，decide，learn，discuss，find out等词(组)后可以用疑问词how，what，when，where，who等加不定式的形式作宾语，该结构在句中也可作主语和表语。
①He showed us how to do the work.
他给我们展示怎么做这项工作。
②When and where to hold the meeting hasn't been decided.
何时何地召开这次会议还没决定。
③The problem is when to start.
问题是何时开始。知识拓展whether...or...或者……或者……，是……还是……，表选择关系；不管……还是……，引导让步状语从句We must decide whether to stay or go.
我们必须决定是走还是待在这里。活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
I have worked with children before，so I know what ________(expect)in my new job.
答案：to expect 句意：我以前带过孩子，所以我知道在我的新工作中会碰到些什么。本题考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构。what to expect在句中作know的宾语。(2)句型转换
Seeing their son playing computer games all day，the parents don't know what they should do with it.
＝Seeing their son playing computer games all day，the parents don't know________ ________ ________ ________it.
答案：what to do with/how to deal with 句意：父母看到自己的儿子整天玩电脑游戏，不知道该如何解决。“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中作宾语，what to do with...＝how to deal with...，意为“如果解决……”。省 略
省略是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。省略在语言中，尤其在对话中，是一种十分普遍的现象。为了避免重复，句子中某些部分常可省略。句子常可省略的有下列各部分。Ⅰ.成分省略
1．省略主语 (多限于少数现成说法)
①Thank you for your help.
谢谢你的帮助。
②See you tomorrow.
明天见。
③(You)Take care!
当心！
④(It)Looks as if it will rain.
看起来像要下雨了。2．省略谓语动词
1)省略谓语动词
①Some of us study Russian, others (study) English.
我们有的学俄语，有的学英语。
②He got up earlier than I (got up) today.
他今天起得比我早。
③Who (comes) next?
该谁了？
④We'll do the best we can (do)．
我们将尽力而为。 2)省略系动词
①Ma Lin is a bus－driver，his wife a conductor.
马林是位公共汽车司机，他的妻子是售票员。
②His face is tanned and his hands big and strong.
他的脸晒得很黑，他的双手大而有力。
③Gold is more expensive than silver.
金子比银子更贵重。3．省略表语
①He was a lover of sports as he had been (a lover of sports) in his youth.
他还是像年轻时那样，是一位运动爱好者。
②—I think we're right.
—I'm sure we are (right)．
——我想我们是对的。
——我想是这样。4．省略宾语
①Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.
我们洗盘子吧，我洗你擦干。
②George fixed (the door) and painted the door.
乔治安装并粉刷了这扇门。
5．省略定语
He spent part of the money, and the rest (of the money) he saved.
那钱他花了一部分，其余的他都存了起来。6．省略状语
He was not hurt. (How) Strange!
他没有受伤，真奇怪！
7．同时省略句子几个部分，甚至几个句子的相同成分都被省掉。这种现象多用于表示比较的状语从句中，在对疑问句的简略回答中，以及在反意疑问句或选择疑问句中。
①In winter it is colder in Beijing than in Guangzhou.
北京的冬天比广州冷。②She pledged herself to complete her father's unfinished task, whatever the cost (it was)．
她立誓不管付出多大代价，也要完成她父亲未完成的事业。
③—When did you read the play?
—Long age.
“你什么时候读的这个剧本？”“很久以前。”④—Have you ever been to Xinjiang?
—你去过新疆吗？
—Never.
—从来没有。
⑤What exciting news (it is)!
多么令人激动的消息啊！
⑥(It is a) Pity that he's failed.
很遗憾，他失败了。 知识拓展
1)在if，when，though，as，as if(好像)等连词引导的从句中，如果从句中的谓语含有系动词be，并且主语和主句主语一致或是代词it，可以将主语和动词be省掉。
①When you do this exercise，make changes in the sentence structure when/if necessary.
做这个练习时，必要时可以改动句子结构。
②He is very good at painting, though very young(＝though he is very young)．
他虽然年纪轻轻，但很擅长画画。③The boy looked as if afraid of nothing.
那男孩看起来好像什么都不怕。
④If necessary, we shall send a telegram home.
如果有必要，我们就往家里打电报。
⑤Whenever possible, he will come to my help.
他一有可能就来帮助我。
⑥While cycling, don't forget the traffic lights.
骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。2)在下面的句子中，动词不定式符号to的后面省去了动词原形及其以后的部分。
①You may go with them if you want to.
你愿意的话，也可以和他们一起去。(to后省去go with them)
②—Will you be able to come?
—你来吗？
—I'd love to. But I'm busy.
—我倒很想来，可是我现在有事。
③Don't go until tell you to.
等我叫你走你再走。3)由固定词组引导的疑问句，常常出现省略现象。
①What about having a game of chess?
下盘棋怎么样？
②How come they left you alone here?
他们怎么会把你一人留在这里呢？
③What if it's raining?
如果天下雨怎么办？
④Why not try again?
为什么不再试试呢？Ⅱ.小品词的省略
1．省略介词
①He spent four hours (in) going over his lessons.
他花了四个小时复习功课。
②I've studied English (for) five years.
我已学五年英语了。
③They are (of) the same age.
他们年龄相同。
④There is no use (in) explaining it to her any more.
这件事再向她解释也是无用的。
⑤He is carrying out this experiment (in) the same way as I did yesterday.
他使用我昨天采用的方法在做他的实验。
2．省略连词that
①I believe (that) you will succeed.
我相信你们会成功的。
②It's a pity (that) he's leaving.
他要走，真遗憾。
③I'm sure (that) she will help you.
我肯定她会帮你的。
3．省略关系代词
①I'll give you all (that) I have.
我会把我所有的一切都给你。
②He read the book (which) I got yesterday.
他看过我昨天买的书了。 Ⅲ.替代省略
1．so代替提到过的形容词，动词甚至是宾语从句 (think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, hope等与so连用，替代肯定的宾语从句；与not连用，替代否定的宾语从句)。
①—You aren't right.
—你是不对的。
—I am so!
—我是对的！
②He's clever, probably too much so for his own good.
他很聪明，可能已到了自私自利的地步。
③I wouldn't have told you this if it weren't so.
如果事实不是如此的话，我就不会告诉你这件事了。2．“So/Nor(Neither)＋谓语＋主语”这种句型用来替代前面提到的情况，表明它也适用于后者。
①Jane will never compromise with Bill, and nor will Bill.
简决不会同比尔和解，而比尔也决不会同简和解。
②He can't do it, nor can I, nor can you, nor can anybody.
他不能做这事，我也不能，你也不能，任何人都不能。
③He likes skating and so does she.
他喜欢滑冰，她也喜欢滑冰。3．不定代词替代，此类词有all, both, some, any, enough, several, none, many, much, more, (the) most, (a) few, another, the other, others, either等。
①Though they worked hard, none of the boys has passed the history examination.
尽管这些男孩子们学习很刻苦，可是他们中没有人历史考试及格。
②One took a taxi, and the other walked home.
一个人打车回家，另一个人则步行回家。
4．one, ones, that, those替代。
①I haven't a book; can you lend me one?
我没有书，你能借我一本吗？
②The weather in Harbin is much colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.
冬季哈尔滨的天气比广州冷得多。5．动词性替代。
①You like rock climbing as much as he does.
你跟他一样喜欢攀岩。
②—Have you finished writing your report?
—你写好报告了吗？
— I haven't done yet, but I will do.
—我还没有写呢，不过我马上就写。
高考真题改编
1．(2015·北京卷改编)If ________(accept)for the job, you'll be informed soon.
答案：accepted 句意：如果录用你了，我们将很快通知你。本句条件状语从句中省略了主语you，与accept构成被动关系，用过去分词accepted。
2．(2014·湖南卷改编)Children，when________(accompany)by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
答案：accompanied 考查非谓语动词。由when可知所填词作题干的时间状语，逻辑主语是题干的主语children，所填词与逻辑主语是被动关系，故填accompanied。
3．(2014·福建卷改编)The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if ________， reaching 30℃ in summer.
答案：ever 考查if从句的省略。根据形容词pleasant“令人愉悦的”及副词rarely“很少”可知，气温达到30度只是偶尔才会出现的情况，故填ever。句意：这儿的气候是相当舒适的，要是曾经有的话，气温也很少达到30度。
4．(2013·全国Ⅰ卷改编)The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not________.
答案：to 考查不定式的省略形式。句意：这名司机想把车停在路边，但警察不让他停在路边。ask sb.not to do sth.要求某人不要干某事，此处承前省略，只留下不定式符号to。
5．(2013·浙江卷改编)There are some health problems that, when not________(treat)in time, can become bigger.
答案：treated 考查状语从句的省略。句意： 有一些健康问题，如果没得到及时的治疗在以后的生活中会变得更严重。分析结构可知，此处是状语从句的省略，从句主语problems与treat之间为动宾关系，故填treated，其完整的形式为 when they are not treated in time。
专项练习
1．To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then ________(代词)of her colleagues.
答案：that 考查代词的用法。句意：让德拉高兴的是，她先是赢得了学生的信任，然后又赢得了同事的信任。that代指上文的不可数名词the trust。2．When________(compare)different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.
答案：comparing 句意：在比较不同的文化时，我们通常只是注意其差异，而忽视了它们的许多相似之处。本题考查状语从句的省略，补充完整为：When we are comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.本题也可以理解为现在分词短语作时间状语。动词compare与主语we构成逻辑上的主谓关系，采用现在分词表示主动。3．When________(offer)help, one often says“Thank you” or“It's very kind of you”．
答案：offered 句意：当得到来自他人的帮助时，我们常常说“谢谢”或“谢谢你”。本题考查时间状语从句的省略。补充完整为：When he or she is offered help, one often says“Thank you” or“It's very kind of you”．此外也可以理解为分词作时间状语，句子的主语one与动词offer之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，采用过去分词作状语。
4．—I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend.
—________(sound)good.
答案：Sounds 句意：“我在想周末我们能否去滑雪。”“听起来不错。”本句是省略用法，其完整的形式应为“That sounds good”，口语中往往省略主语，所以填sounds。
5．—What should I do with this passage?
—________(find)out the main idea of each paragraph.
答案：Find 句意：“这篇文章我该怎么处理？”“把每段的主旨大意找出来。”答语是省略形式，省略了句子主语和部分谓语，完整的句子是You should find out the main idea of each paragraph。故填find。6．—Brad was Jane's brother.
—No________he reminded me so much of Jane.
答案：wonder (It is) No wonder (that)．..表示“难怪……；……不足为奇”；例如：No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day.难怪他不饿，他整天在吃糖果。No doubt表示“无疑地，不容怀疑地；很可能地”；例如：No doubt you would like a drink.毫无疑问你是喜欢喝一杯了。7．I could do anything but ________(admit)to him that I was wrong.
答案：admit 句意：除了向他承认错误外，我做什么都可以。but前有实义动词do，其后作宾语的不定式常省略to，故填admit。
8．—Will you join us in the game?
—Thank you，but I would rather________.
答案：not 由句意可知，“Thank you”与“I'd rather not”之间为转折关系。I'd rather not.为口语中的省略结构，完整形式为：I'd rather not join you in the game.
9．We all know that, if not carefully________(deal)with, the situation will get worse.
答案：dealt 主从句主语一致，从句中谓语动词为系动词be，可省略主语和系动词be，完整的句子为We all know that, if the situation is not carefully dealt with, it will get worse.
10．The research is so designed that once ________ (begin)nothing can be done to change it.
答案：begun 句意：这个研究项目是如此设计的，一旦研究开始，没有什么事物能够改变它。once begun＝once the research is begun。本考题也可理解为过去分词作状语，句子的主语the research与begin之间存在被动关系；在过去分词begun前加once，用来突出时间和条件概念。11．Unless________(invite)to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
答案：invited 句意：除非被邀请作大会发言，否则在会议上你应当保持沉默。本题考查条件状语从句的省略，其完整形式为： Unless you are invited，...；本考题也可理解为分词作条件状语，动词invite与句子的主语you之间在逻辑上存在被动关系。
12．—Was it last summer________you luckily got an opportunity to spend your holiday in Hawaii?
— Not me. John was the lucky dog.
答案：that 本题考查了强调句型。被强调的部分是状语last summer。
13．One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and________white.
答案：the other 在并列句中，常省略后面分句中与前面相同的部分。例如：One was filled with petrol, one (was filled) with caster oil and one (was filled) with vinegar.本考题的题干后半部分的完整形式为：the other side should be painted white。14．This problem may lead to more serious ones if________(leave)unsolved.
答案：left 状语从句的完整形式为：This problem may lead to more serious ones if it is left unsolved.在主从复合句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，常将从句的主语和谓语中的be省略。
15．—Who is making so much noise in the garden?
—________ is the children.
答案：It 这是一个强调句，后面省略了that are making so much noise in the garden。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He held his mother's hand t______when crossing the street.
2．The ice on the lake is not________(坚固的)enough to walk on.
3．I can't swallow anything because my t________is painful.
4．Water itself is________(至关重要的)to the future of the race.
5．His head has been hung over with thick________(绷带)except two eyes.
6．You have added too much________(液体)tothe mixture.
答案：1.tightly 2.firm 3.throat 4.vital 5.bandage 6.liquidⅡ.用本节课所学词或短语的正确形式填空
1．—Do you also think Sally ________ (打翻) the glass of wine deliberately?
—No, I don't think so.
2．If necessary, the details can be ________ (省略)．
3．—Does the house ________ (属于) your grandfather?
—Sure.
4．—What got stuck in his ________ (喉咙)?
—A fish bone.
5．When asked to join us, Carl replied with a polite but ________ (坚定的) “no”．
6．Please change another pair of shoes; the ones are much too ________ (紧的)．
答案：1.knocked over 2.left out 3.belong to 4.throat 5.firm 6.tightⅢ.将下列句子中省略的部分补全
1．He was determined to carry out the plan，whatever the cost.
2．They were scolded whenever late for school.
3．If not well organized, the meeting will be a failure.
4．I asked him to see the film，but he didn't want to.
5．Get up early tomorrow. If not，you will miss the first bus.
6．While in Beijing，I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.
7．The inspector looked round, as if in search of something.
8．—He hasn't finished it yet.—Well, he ought to have.答案：1.He was determined to carry out the plan，whatever the cost was.
2．They were scolded whenever they were late for school.
3．If it is not well organized, the meeting will be a failure.
4．I asked him to see the film，but he didn't want to see it.
5. Get up early tomorrow. If you don't, you will miss the first bus.
6. While I was in Beijing，I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.
7．The inspector looked round，as if he was in search of something.
8．—He hasn't finished it yet.
—Well，he ought to have finished it.课件83张PPT。英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5First aidUnit 5Section Ⅲ Using LanguageⅠ.下面是本部分的重点词汇，你能准确填出内容吗？
1．根据词汇及汉语写出单词及其拓展形式
(1)________ (adj.)牢固的；紧的；紧密的→tightly (adj.)紧地；牢牢地
(2)________ (adj.)(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmly (adv.)坚固地；稳定地
(3)__________ (n.)典礼；仪式；礼节
(4)________ (n.)勇敢；勇气→brave (adj.)勇敢的tightfirmceremonybravery
(5)treat (vt. & vi.)治疗；对待；款待 (n.)款待；招待→__________ (n.)对待；治疗
(6)________ (vt.)涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 (vi.)申请；请求；使用；有效→__________ (n.)申请→applicant (n.)申请人
(7)________ (n.)压力；挤压；压迫(感)→press (v.)挤，压treatmentapplyapplicationpressure2．根据汉语意义补全短语
(1)prevent...________... 阻止……
(2)a number ________ 若干；许多
(3)put one's hands ________ 找到
(4)________ a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
(5)be ________ fire 着火
(6)be presented ________ 被授予……
(7)be proud ________ 为……感到骄傲
(8)get involved ________ 卷入，介入fromofonmakeonwithofinⅡ.重点句式
1．John ___________ in his room _____ he heard screaming.
约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。
2．_________________ that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.
毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。was studying when There is no doubt Ⅲ.课文理解
阅读文章HEROIC TEENAGER RECEIVES AWARD，回答下列问题。
1．What was John doing when he heard the screaming?
2．What happened to Ann?
3．What saved Ms Slade's life?
4．What first aid did John perform on Ann?
5．What adjectives would you use to describe John's actions? Give at least three.答案：1.He was studying in his room.
2．She had been stabbed repeatedly with a knife. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily. Her hands had almost been cut off.
3．It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life.
4．John dressed her injuries with tea towels and tape, and applied pressure to the wounds to slow the bleeding.
5．Brave, heroic，courageous, quick－thinking, quick－minded, helpful, fearless，selfless，confident，warm－hearted.1.present v.
(1)～sb. with sth.|～sth.(to sb.)把……交给，颁发
The mayor presented a silver cup to the winner.
＝The mayor presented the winner with a silver cup.
市长把银杯授予了获胜者。
(2)～sth.(for sth.)|～sth.(to sb.)提出，提交
The committee is presenting its investigation report next week.
委员会将于下星期提交调查报告。(3)～sth.|～sth./sb./oneself as sth.(以某方式或角度)展现、显示、表示
The company has decided it must present a more modern image.
公司已决定，必须展现出更加现代的形象。
(4)主持播放，主持节目
She used to present a gardening program on TV.
她曾在电视上主持一个园艺节目。
(5)上演，公演，推出
They presented 15 lively songs, dances and ballads.
他们演出了15个生动的歌舞曲艺节目。
(6)～sb.(to sb.)正式介绍，引见
The new ambassador was presented to the president.
新大使被引见给总统。present n．①礼物，赠品
②现在；目前at present＝at the present time目前，现在
adj.现在的；现存的(常作前置定语)
adj.出席的；到场的(不可作前置定语)知识拓展
①I don't need the book at present.
目前我还不需要这本书。
②What's your present address?
你现在的住址在哪里？
③How many people were present at the meeting?
有多少了出席了会议？活学活用
(1)翻译句子
Since there is no time like the present, he thought it was time to present the present to his parents.
______________________________________________
答案：既然机不可失，时不再来，他认为是到了向父母赠送礼物的时候了。
(2)用恰当形式填空
When are the committee________(present)their report? We are waiting for it.
答案：presenting2．ceremony n.
(1)[C]典礼，仪式
①What the old headmaster said at the graduation ceremony dwells in my mind.
老校长在毕业典礼上讲的话一直回响在我的脑海里。
②The wedding ceremony took place/was held on April fifteenth.
婚礼在四月十五日举行。(2)[U]礼节，礼仪；客套
①There's no need for ceremony between friends.
朋友之间不必拘礼。
②The Queen was crowned with much ceremony.
女王加冕礼仪很隆重。
活学活用
补全句子
He was awarded ________ ________ ________(在一个典礼上)．
答案：at a ceremony3．bravery n. [U]勇敢
①His bravery should be an example to all of us.
他的勇敢应作为我们大家学习的榜样。
②He faced up to the fact that he would never walk again with remarkable bravery.
他非常勇敢地接受了他再也不能走路的现实。比较网站
bravery，courage①He was awarded a medal for his bravery in the battle.
他因为在战斗中的勇敢表现被授予一枚奖章。
②She didn't have the courage to refuse.
她没有勇气拒绝。活学活用
补全句子
这个年轻人真勇敢，上周他帮助警察捉住了一个小偷。
The young man was ________ ________ ________he helped the police catch the thief last week.
答案：so brave that4．treat
1)vt.
(1)以……方式/态度对待(treat sb./sth. with/as/like sth.)
Treat your keyboard with care and it should last for years.
小心使用你的键盘，这样就可以使用很多年。
(2)把……看作/视为(treat sth. as sth.)
I decided to treat his remark as a joke.
我决定把他的话当作戏言。(3)医治，治疗
The condition is usually treated with drugs and a strict diet.
这种病情通常用药物和严格控制饮食进行治疗。
(4)招待，款待，请(客)(treat sb. to sth.)
I'm going to treat myself to a new pair of shoes.
我打算给自己买双新鞋。
2)n. 乐事，乐趣，款待
①We took the kids to the zoo as a special treat.
作为特别的消遣，我们带孩子们到动物园去。
②It's my treat.
我请客。treat sb. like/as...把某人看成……
be badly/well treated受到坏/好的对待
treat sb. with respect尊敬某人
treat sb. to sth.款待；招待知识拓展比较网站
cure，treat
The doctor treated his headache with a new drug but didn't cure him.
医生用一种新药给他治头痛，但没有治愈。活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
Yesterday I went to Mrs.Smith's house，where I________(treat)as a good friend of theirs.
答案：was treated 句意：昨天，我去了史密斯夫人家，他们把我当作一位好朋友。考查动词时态和语态。treat...as...把……当作……，此处用被动语态；根据yesterday可知用一般过去时态。(2)补全句子
—Let's go Dutch for this supper，OK?
我们AA制结了这顿晚饭吧，好吗？
—No，________ ________ ________this time as a reward for all your help.
不，作为对你所有帮助的回报，这次我请客。
答案：it's my treat5．apply
1)vt.
(1)涂，敷，搽
Apply the cream evenly over the skin.
将雪花膏均匀地抹在皮肤表面。
(2)应用，运用
The teacher is trying to apply the theory to his teaching.
这位老师正在努力把这一理论应用于教学。2)vi.
(1)申请，请求
I come here today to apply for the job.
我今天来这儿就是要申请这份工作。
(2)适用，有效
The school rules apply to us all.
校规适用于我们所有的人。(1)常用短语：apply to sb. for sth.因……向某人申请
apply sth. to sth.把……涂/擦/擦到……上；运用/应用某事物
be applied to适用于；应用于
apply for申请，请求，接洽
apply to适用，关系到，牵涉到
(2)派生词：applicant n．申请人
applied adj.应用的；实用的
application n．申请；应用
make an application to sb. for sth.因……向某人申请/请求知识拓展活学活用
(1)用恰当介词填空
The official________whom we applied________a permit was most warm－hearted.
答案：to；for 句意：我们向他申请许可证的那位官员非常热心。apply to...for...是“向……申请……”之意。
(2)补全句子
现在，很多新技术能被用来解决工业中的问题。
Now a lot of new technologies can________ ________ ________ ________problems in industry.
答案：be applied to solving6．pressure n.
(1)[U]压力；挤压
The small box was flattened by the pressure of the heavy book on it.
小盒子被这本厚厚的书压扁了。
(2)[U& C]压力；压强
The water pressure may need adjusting.
水压可能需要调整。 (3)[U]大气压
A band of low pressure is moving across the country.
一个低压带正横越该国。
(4)[U]～(for sth.)|～(on sb.)(to do sth.)催促，要求，呼吁，强迫
The pressure for change continued to mount.
改革的呼声持续高涨。
(5)[U] & [pl.]心理压力，紧张
She left home to escape the pressure to conform to her family's way of life.
她离家出走以求摆脱她家的生活方式对她的束缚。put/bring pressure on/upon向……施加压力
put pressure on sb. (to do sth.)强迫；促使；劝说某人(做某事)
under pressure被迫；迫不得已；在压力下
under the pressure of在……逼迫下，在……的压力下
at high/low pressure在高/低压下
give in to pressure屈服于压力知识拓展①The boos will bring pressure to bear on you if you don't work hard.
你要是不努力工作，老板就对你施加压力。
②Advertisements put pressure on girls to be thin.
广告迫使女孩子竞相瘦身。
③The team performs well under pressure.
这个队在压力下表现良好。活学活用
用恰当形式填空
Life is tough in the city. In order to lose their ________(press), some people drink alcohol.
答案：pressure 句意：在城市里生活很艰辛。一些人为了消除压力而喝酒。pressure“压力”是life is tough的体现，也是drink alcohol的原因，符合题意。1.cut off
(1)切去，割掉，砍掉，剪掉
Don't cut your fingers off!
小心别切断手指头！
(2)阻碍，阻挡，堵塞
This fence cuts off our view of the sea.
篱笆挡住了我们观望大海的视线。(3)停止，中断供应
If you don't pay your gas bill soon you may be cut off.
你若不立即付清煤气费，就要停止向你供气。
(4)切断……的去路或来路，使……与外界隔绝
She felt very cut off living in the country.
她住在乡间感到很闭塞。cut down砍倒；缩减，削减
cut in插嘴，突然插入
cut out割掉，切掉，删掉
cut through抄近路穿过；凿穿；剪断
cut up切碎
cut into pieces切成碎片
cut short使停止，打断；截短，缩减
cut away砍去，割掉知识拓展活学活用
用cut短语填空
(1)My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking, but at least he has ________.
答案：cut down 考查动词短语语境运用。句意：我叔叔没能戒烟，但至少他减少了用量。cut down“削减，减少；砍倒”，符合题意。
(2)I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson________.
答案：cut in 句意：我和玛格丽特交谈时，杰克逊突然插嘴，打断了我们的谈话。cut in(on sb./sth.)表示“插嘴”。2．a number of 许多，大量
①A number of old people have been dancing on the square.
很多老年人一直在广场上跳舞。
②There were a large number of people at the football match.
有很多人看足球比赛。
③Numbers of people visited the fair.
许多人参加了商品展销会。比较网站
a number of，the number ofYesterday a number of babies were born in this hospital, while the number of boy babies was twenty－five.
昨天有许多婴儿在这家医院出生，而男婴有二十五个。
知识拓展
常用来修饰名词的短语有：
(1)修饰可数名词的短语有：
a great/good many
a large/great/good number of
a good few/quite a few
many a(2)修饰不可数名词的短语有：
a great/good deal of
a great/large amount of
quite a little
(3)既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的短语有：
a lot of/lots of
a great/large quantity of
large quantities of
plenty of活学活用
(1)选择适当的短语填空
①____________ graduates is increasing these years.
②____________ food were needed in the flooded area.
③She has earned ____________ money in the last few weeks.
④The singers were chosen from ____________ participants.
答案：①The number of ②Quantities of ③an amount of/quantities of ④a number of(2)用恰当形式填空
The number of people who ________ (be)invited to the meeting ________ (be) fifty，but a number of them ________ (be) absent for different reasons.
答案：were；was；were 句意：被邀请参加会议的人数为50，但是很多人因为各种原因而缺席了。考查主谓一致。who引导定语从句，代指people，故be动词用复数形式。the number of...为主语时，谓语动词为单数形式，a number of...作为主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。根据语境可知本句应该为过去时态。
3．put one's hands on找到
①He can not put his hands on his English book.
他找不到他的英语课本。
②I will bring some tapes if I can put my hands on them.
如果能找到的话，我会带几盒录音带过来。at hand在手边，在附近
by hand用手工
from hand to hand传递
hand in hand手拉手，共同地
on (the) one hand, on the other hand一方面，另一方面
in hand在手里，可供使用；在控制之下知识拓展①There are shops and buses at hand.
附近就有商店和公共汽车。
②The children went on an outing hand in hand by twos and threes.
孩子们三三两两地拉着手去郊游。活学活用
用恰当介词填空
I know their address is here somewhere, but I can not put my hands ________ it right now.
答案：on 句意：我知道他们的地址就放在这儿，但是我一时找不到。put one's hands on为固定短语，意为“找到”。4．make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
①It isn't what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference.
重要的不是你做了什么而是你将要做什么。
②Changing schools made a big difference to my life.
转学对我的一生有重大影响。①It makes no difference whether you go today or tomorrow.
你今天或明天去，关系不大。
②The rain didn't make much difference to the game.
这场雨对比赛没多大影响。make no difference (to sb./sth.)对某人/物没有作用或影响，对某人/物不重要/不要紧
make some difference (to sb./sth.)对某人/物有些作用或影响
make all the difference关系重大；大不相同
make a difference between区别对待知识拓展活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
—Why don't you try to do exercise to lose weight?
—I have tried everything but it has made no ________ (different)．
答案：difference 句意：——你为什么不通过锻炼来减肥？——我什么方法都试过了，但是不起作用。考查名词。make no difference意为“不起作用；没有效果”，符合语境。(2)补全句子
每个人都偶尔失败。在生活中你作出什么反应起重要作用。
Everyone fails now and then.It is how you react that________ ________ ________in life.
答案：makes a difference1.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.
约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。
本句中用了be doing sth. when...“正在做某事，就在这时……”。when在此作并列连词用，意为“就在这时”，相当于and at this time。
We were discussing the problem when there was a power failure.
我们正在讨论那个问题，这时停电了。知识拓展be about to do... when...正打算做……这时……
be just going to do... when...正要做……这时……
had just done...when...刚做了……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时……①We had just finished the operation when the machine had a breakdown.
我们刚完成那个手术机器就坏了。
②The thief was on the point of putting his hand into the lady's handbag when the bus suddenly stopped.
小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。
③He was just about to say something when Helen turned around.
他正想要说些什么，这时海伦转过身来。活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away________my daughter heard cries for help.
答案：when 句意：一个周五，我们正在打包要出去度周末，就在那时我女儿听到有人求救的声音。本题考查“...be doing...when...”这一句型结构，意为“正在做……这时……”。在本结构中，when是并列连词，相当于and at that time。
(2)I was about to give up________I came up with a good idea.
答案：when2．It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life.
正是约翰的快捷动作及急救知识挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
本句为强调句型，强调了主语John's quick action and knowledge of first aid。
(1)强调句型结构是：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that从句，如果强调的是人，既可用that引导，也可用who引导。
(2)被强调的部分若是原句的主语，who/that之后的谓语动词在人称和数上与主语保持一致。
(3)疑问句形式的强调句型为Is/Was it...that...？若被强调的是特殊疑问句(what为例)，则为What is/was it that...?
(4)辨别是否为强调句型的一个简单方法：省去it is/was及that，若句子仍然成立，则原句为强调句型，否则不是。
活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)(2015·湖南卷改编)It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
答案：that 句意：正是在我回家的时候我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时感觉是多么令人愉悦。此句是It was...开头且去掉It was，When we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.是一个完整意义上的句子，故判断此句是一个强调句，强调when we were returning home；强调句常用句型：It is (was) ＋被强调部分＋that(who)．.. 。故填that。
(2)(2014·福建卷改编)It was the culture, rather than the language, ________made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
答案：that 考查强调句。根据还原法，去掉it was 和空格，剩余部分结构完整，由此可知，空格处应填that。句意：是文化而不是语言使得他很难适应国外的环境。
(3)Was it because Jack came late for school________Mr.Smith got angry?
答案：that Smith先生生气是因为Jack上学迟到吗？It is/was...that..是强调句型，故填that。本题强调的是原因状语从句。还原为普通句式为：Mr.Smith got angry because Jack came late for school.3．There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.
毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
(1)整个句子是一个典型的复合句，that引导同位语从句。同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导，常常跟在hope, fact, news, opinion等名词之后，在逻辑上属于同位关系。
We were delighted at the news that our school had won in the competition.
当听到我校赢得比赛的消息时，我们欣喜若狂。
(2)There is no doubt that...是个固定句式，意思是“毫无疑问……”， doubt在此作名词，此外还可以作动词，意为“拿不准，疑虑”。
①There is no doubt that he is honest.
毫无疑问他是诚实的。
②He doubted whether the answer was right.
他拿不准答案是否正确。活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)—Do you doubt________she has passed the examination?
—I am not doubtful at all________she has passed all the examinations.
答案：that ；that 句意：——你确信她已经通过考试了吗？——我肯定她已经通过了所有的考试。考查连接词。本题中doubt为动词，第一个设空处引导宾语从句，且所在句为疑问句，故用that。I am not doubtful that...我肯定……。(2)(2014·重庆卷改编)—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favorite universities.
答案：why 考查同位语从句。句意：——麦克昨天拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取，是真的吗？——是的，但是我不清楚他为什么这么做，耶鲁大学是他喜欢的大学之一。why引导的从句作idea的同位语，由句意可知表示原因，故填why。写作指导如何写程序说明文程序说明文是说明文的重要形式之一，它主要用来告诉读者某种事物的演变过程，某一物品的制作过程或某一事情的实施过程。
要写好一篇程序说明文，准确地传达想要传达的信息，在写作中要注意以下几点：
1．优化文章的结构。可采用“总—分”、“总—分—总”等结构以使文章层次分明、有条理。2．准确把握事物发展或物品制作中的每一个进程、每一道工序，做到不颠倒、不跳跃、不遗漏。
3．选择合理的写作顺序：顺序说明文通常以程序或时间先后为写作顺序。
4．文章安排要详略得当：完成一件事情需要许多步骤，但其中一定有一个或几个关键步骤。我们应该对关键的步骤详写，其余的可以略写。
5．语言表达要准确、规范：程序说明文经常会用到许多专业性较强的词汇。在写作时要了解其实际含义并使用恰当的语言进行表达。常用结构
1．Today, the topic is...
2．When you find/see....what should you do?
3．First, you can...
4．In addition/Then/Next/Also/At the same time，youmust/should...
5．Last but not least, you'd better...
6．More importantly, you should...
7．The last but most important step is...
8．In a word, as long as you... you can...实战演练
在日常生活中，学习一些急救知识，对一个人来说很重要。写一篇关于急救的文章，介绍交通事故方面的急救方法。
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______________________________________________参考范文：
First aid for traffic accidents
If we happen to witness a traffic accident, what should we do to save other people's lives? Knowing how to respond properly can make a big difference. Here are some rules that we can follow.
First, we should stay calm. Next, we can ask simple questions such as “Are you OK？” to make the person's condition clear. Then, we need to check the person's breathing. If it is difficult for him to breathe, we should try to start his breathing right away with the mouth－to－mouth method.
Also, if a person is bleeding, we need to stop the bleeding by pressing on the wound with a clean cloth.
With all the above done, we can stay with the person until the police and the ambulance arrive.Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．You should________(对待) them with more consideration.
2．________(涂) the suntan cream to exposed areas of your body every three hours.
3．A doctor and a nurse are handing my father from the________(救护车)．
4．Today's award c________took place at the British Embassy in Tokyo.
5．He deserves the highest praise for his b________.
答案：1.treat 2.Apply 3.ambulance 4.ceremony 5.braveryⅡ.补全句子
1．有许多世界名画在本次展览会上展出。
________ ________ ________world－famous paintings are on show in this exhibition.
2．我请你好好吃一顿。
Let me________you________a good meal.
3．你怎么能把她看得一文不值呢？
How could you________her________a piece of dirt?4．申请工作你必须要填写一张申请表。
To________ ________a job，you must fill in an application form.
5．他的缺席会影响你的工作吗？
Does his absence________ ________ ________to your work?
答案：1.Anumber of 2.treat；to 3.treat；like/as 4.apply for 5.make a differenceⅢ.用方框内短语的正确形式填空
1．I remember I put my key here, but I can't ______ it right now.
2．It won't ________ whether you agree or not.
3．In the earthquake ________ houses and bridges were destroyed and more than 500 people died.
4．When I reach my goal weight I ________ myself.
5．If onewants knowledge of science, one must ________ scientific experiments oneself.
答案：1.put my hands on 2.make a difference 3.a number of 4.will be proud of 5.take part in课件11张PPT。英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5First aidUnit 5Ammie Reddick from East Kilbride, Lanarkshire, was only 18 months old when she had the accident that had scarred(留下创伤)her for life. The curious child reached up to grab the wire of a hot kettle in the family kitchen and poured boiling water over her tiny infant frame.Her mother Ruby turned round and, seeing Ammie horribly burnt, called an ambulance which rushed her daughter to a nearby hospital. Twenty percent of Ammie's body had been burned and all of her burns were third－degree. There, using tissue taken from unburned areas of Ammie's body, doctors performed complex skin transplants to close her wounds and control her injuries, an operation that took about six hours. Over the next 16 years, Ammie underwent 12 more operations to repair her body.When she started school at Maxwelton Primary at age 4, other pupils made cruel comments or simply wouldn't play with her. “I was the only burned child in the street, the class and the school，” she recalled，“some children refused to become friends because of that.”
Today, aged 17, Ammie can only ever remember being a burned person with scars; pain is a permanent part of her body. She still has to have two further skin transplants. Yet she is a confident, outgoing teenager who offers inspiration and hope to other young burns victims.She is a member of the Scottish Burned Children's Club, a charity set up last year. This month, Ammie will be joining the younger children at the Graffham Water Center in Cambridgeshire for the charity's first summer camp.“I'll show them how to get rid of unkind stares from others，”she says. Ammieloveswearing fashionable sleeveless tops，and she plans to show the youngsters at the summer camp that they can too.“I do not go to great lengths to hide my burns scars，” she says，“I gave up wondering how other people would react years ago.”
文章大意：Ammie Reddick严重烫伤，先后动了十几次手术，在伤痛、冷眼面前她依然自信，对未来充满希望。1．What did other children do when Ammie first went to school?
A．They were friendly to her.
B．They showed sympathy to her.
C．They were afraid of her.
D．They looked down upon her.
答案：D 细节理解题。从文章第三段中“other pupils made cruel comments or simply wouldn't play with her”，可知其他同学不是对她冷嘲热讽，就是不愿意跟她一起玩，故选D。2．Ammie will teach the younger children at the Graffham Water Center to________.
A. face others' unkindness bravely
B． hide their scars by proper dressing
C. live a normal life
D. recover quickly
答案：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘I'll show them how to get rid of unkind stares from others’”得知Ammie将会教他们怎么勇敢地面对别人那些不友好的注视，故选A。3．Which of the following words can't properly describe Ammie?
A．Courageous. B．Confident.
C．Sensitive. D．Outgoing.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章可知看出Ammie是一个有勇气、自信、乐观的女孩，故sensitive“敏感的”，不能描述她的性格。4．What can be the best title of the passage?
A．A Seriously Burned Girl Survives
B．Ways to Get Rid of Unkind Stares
C．Permanent Scars And Pain for a Girl
D．A Seriously Burned Angel of Hope
答案：D 主旨大意题。纵观全文，不难看出本文主要讲述了一个被烧伤的女孩身残志坚的励志故事，故选D。
