U3，B3 The Million Pound Bank Note 语法(宾语从句和表语从句）导学案
【学习目标】
自主学习，合作探究；扎实掌握名词性从句作宾语和表语的规律，提高自己的语言运用能力。
【自主学习】
I.名词性从句的语法功能
名词性从句：主语从句, 表语从句, _____从句和同位语从句，在句中分别充当主语、_____、_____ 和同位语。
II. 宾语从句的定义
置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是_________语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词（afraid, sure, glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。
1.宾语从句中引导词的用法
在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：
连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if
连接代词：who, whose, what ,which
连接副词：when ,where, how, why 等。
2.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。
I don’t know what they are looking for.
3.宾语从句的时态
主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。
The headmaster hopes (that) everything goes well.
主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.
当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.
4.宾语从句的特点
宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。
连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义，不充当句子成份，多数情况下可以省略。
whether 和 if 都可引导宾语从句，但 whether后可紧跟or not；whether从句可作介词的宾语。如果从句太长，可以用形式宾语it.
They kept it quiet that an accident happened to the old man’s son.
III. 表语从句的定义：
表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语，位于系动词后。
1. 注意事项
1).表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
2).不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。
The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.
It looked as if he had understood this question.
3).不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。
The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
The question is why he cried yesterday.
4).that在表语从句中不可以省掉。
His trouble is that he can’t find a new job.
2.表语从句的基本用法
表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。
The problem is how we can get the things we need. (how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。??
温馨提示：
That is because...----指原因或理由，
That is why...-----则指由于各种原因所造成的后果，
He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.
.昨天晚上他没有去看电影， 那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(第一句话说明结果， 第二句话说明原因)
He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.
他以前曾看过那部电影， 因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(第一句话说明原因， 第二句话说明结果)
【合作探究】
完成下面练习并展示答案，然后分小组讨论，探究准确答案，并点评。
一．用疑问词what, who, whom, which, whose when, where, how, why等填空：
1. I don’t know _________ is your brother. Is the man in dark glasses?
2. I don’t know ___________ good they will do.
3. We wondered ____________ that was a spy or not.
4. They have decided __________ they will leave for New York. That is next Sunday.
5. We don’t know __________ they didn’t finish the job in time.
6. Mother was pleased __________ her daughter had passed the college exams.
7. Madam Curie discovered __________ she called radium.
8. Would you mind telling me ___________language your friend speaks?
9. Would you mind telling me __________language your friend speaks, English or French?
10.We’re worried about ____________ he is safe.
二．单项选择：
1. The reason for his success was ________ he had been working hard.
A. that B. because C. where D. what
2."Is Mary from New York City ?" "I don't know _______."
A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she come
C. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from
3. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.
A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got
4. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.
A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he has done so
5. Have you seen Henry lately ？ My boss wants to know ________.
A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along
C. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along
6. He asked me ________ with me.
A. what is the trouble B. what wrong was
C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is
7. I am sure ________ he said is true.
A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what
8. I wonder how much ________.
A. does the watch cost B. did the watch cost
C. the watch costed D. the watch costs
9. Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.
A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for
10. Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless.
A. for B. because C. since D. that
11. I don't doubt ________ he'll come.
A. that B. if C. what D. whether
12. "Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang? "
"Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to."
A. which the room B. which room C. what was the room D. what room was it
13. Output is now six times ________ it was before liberation.
A. that B. which C. what D. of which
14. Excuse me， would you please tell me ________？
A. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be held
C. when is the sports meet to begin D. when the sports meet is to take place
15. Do you happen to know _______?
A. what size shoes he wears B. how big shoes he wears
C. what is the size of his shoes D. what number shoes are his
16. This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.
A. how you have observed B. how what you have observed
C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed
17. Where do you think ________ ?
A. has he gone B. has he been C. he's gone D. was he
18. Do you know ________ ?
A. how many populations there are in the world
B. how much population there is in the world
C. how many the population of the world is
D. what the population of the world is
19. The city is no longer ________.
A. what it is B. that it used to be C. which it was D. what it used to be
20. Is this ________ we met each other two years ago ?
A. place B. place in which C. where D. place which
【能力提高】
翻译下列句子:
1. 他问我到哪儿去。
_________________________________________________________________________
2. 我想她对这种活动没有兴趣。
_________________________________________________________________________
3. 你要我做什么我就做什么。
_________________________________________________________________________
4. 使我吃惊的是她对中国有这么深的了解。
_________________________________________________________________________
5. 我认为要在半小时内完成所有的工作是不可能的。
_________________________________________________________________________
6.我认为，与其说这是交谈，不如说是演讲。
_________________________________________________________________________
7. 问题是这部电影是否值得看。
_________________________________________________________________________
8. 请告诉我他是什么时候获得诺贝尔和平奖的。
_________________________________________________________________________
9. 这就是我反对这个计划的原因。
_________________________________________________________________________
10. 她的愿望是她毕业不久就能找到一份好工作。
_________________________________________________________________________
【反思和总结】
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
课件35张PPT。U3M3 The Million Pound Bank Note 语法导学案 (名词性从句作宾语和表语）英语五种简单句1.主语+谓语(vi.)+ 其它(状语)
He works in the factory.
2.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+…
We saw a film yesterday.
3.主语+系动词+表语
She is a doctor.
4.主语+ 谓语(vt.)+ 间接宾语+直接宾语
The teacher told us a story.
5.主语+ 谓语(vt.) + 宾语 +宾语补足语
I think him honest. (adj.)
I think him an honest boy. (n.)
He saw a man following him. (doing)
He saw a man follow him. (do)
She made herself understood better.
(done)
主语+ 谓语(vt.) + it (形式宾语) +宾语补足语
+ 真正宾语
Tom found it interesting to join in the party.
I make it a rule to have a walk after supper.
宾语 object1. 一个宾语宾语一般放在及物动词后面.
subject—> predicate —> object
主语 谓语 宾语
但是,有时宾语在句中的位置比较灵活.We made a survey last week.宾语后置
He found for the first time the necessity of using it.
They saw playing in the garden a group of children aged from six to twelve.宾语放在动词后两个不同位置.
He tried out the machine.
= He tried the machine out.
I’ll put on the radio in a minute.
=I’ll put the radio on in a minute.※ She tried on half a dozen pairs of shoes before she found a suitable one.
※ The bed is too strong, and you can’t break it up.2. 双宾语间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)
He doesn't own me anything.
She asked me whether I had been there before. I warned you (that) he would be late. Give me it. /Give it to me. They told us where to shop cheaply.间接宾语后移, 间接宾语用to 或for 引出: They give it to John.
He sold his old car to one of his neighbours.
I have bought some chocolate for you.
Give the dictionary to me, please.用to侧重指动作的方向, 表示朝着、向着、对着某人。
用for 侧重指动作的受益者, 表示为了某人, 替某人。需借助to的: bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, read, return, send, show, teach, tell, ask, leave, mail, throw, take, write…
需借助for的: build, buy, call, change, cook, choose, do, draw, envy, fetch, find, forgive, gain, get, make, order, play (演奏), sing, save, spare, win…常跟双宾语的动词分类总结：
Our teacher explains to us the difficult points in the unit.
We disclosed to them the secret of our invention.
They expressed to their teacher their conviction that the experiment was true.
The guide is describing the scenic spots to the tourists.如果 “介词+间接宾语”比直接宾语短, 也可以直接放在谓语动词后：
He gave to his friends much of the time he should have given to his wife and children. 一些句子中, “间接宾语+直接宾语”不能变为“直接宾语+介词+间接宾语”：
He gave the door a hard kick. I never give the matter a thought. She gave him a warm smile. This heroic deed cost him his life.形式宾语 it
主语+谓语+ it + adj./n.(宾补) +真正
宾语(引导词+ 从句)
I find it important that we have a balanced diet.
She makes it a rule that she gets up early every morning.
Tom thought it necessary for him to tell his mother the truth.
表语 Predicative
表语是由系动词引导的主语补足语，补充说明主语。常见的系动词有： be
become grow get go turn
feel smell taste look sound
stay（保持） keep remain (依然、保持)
seem appear (显得)
prove2. 充当表语的成分有形容词、名词、代 词、数词、副词、介词短语、词组、不定式、－ing 形式、过去分词、从句等。
3. 形容词作表语，用来修饰说明主语。
You don’t feel well today. Are you sick?
4.有些形容词只能作表语，不能作定语。 afraid asleep ready unable alive
aware glad sorry well alone sure可以说 “She felt glad.”
但不能说“a glad woman”。5.名词或名词词组作表语，一般用来确定主语的性质，或者表达主语的看法。
He became a doctor.
Boys are boys.
He’s not the right man for the job.
She seemed an ideal wife for him.
6. 可以接不定式的系动词有： be appear prove seem
Their only aim was to get success.
She appears to have many beautiful dresses.
It proved to be much easier than we have thought.Ⅰ. Tick the sentence if its underlined
part is the predicative.
1. Australia is made up of six states and two territories. ( )
2. Australia is a young nation on an ancient continent. ( )
3. After the Second World War, Australia’s economy grew rapidly. ( )配套练习4. Before baby kangaroos grow strong enough, they feed on their mother’s milk. ( )
5. When it turns cold in Northern China, the hot summer in Australia has just begun. ( )
6. If you go near Koala bear, it will get very upset. ( )
7. Australia keeps about one sixth of the world’s sheep. ( )
8. Australia has got the biggest iron mines in the world. ( )
9. At weekends many Australians go hiking(远足) and camping in the countryside. ( )
10. The milk has been kept for too long;
it has gone sour. ( )U3M3 The Million Pound Bank Note 语法导学案 (名词性从句作宾语和表语）【自主学习】
I. 名词性从句的语法功能：
名词性从句即主语从句、表语从句、 _____从句和同位语从句，在句中充当主语、_____、同位语。
II. 宾语从句的定义:
置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是____语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词（afraid, sure, glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。陈述句宾语宾语表语I don’t know ______ is your brother. Is the man in dark glasses?
I don’t know _______ good they will do.
We wondered _________ that was a spy or not.
They have decided _____ they will leave for New York. That is next Sunday.
whowhatwhether【合作探究】
完成各练习并展示答案，然后分小组讨论，
探究准确答案，并点评。
一．用疑问词what, who, whom, which,
whose when, where, how, why填空：
when
5. We don’t know ______ they didn’t finish the job in time.
6. Mother was pleased ______ her daughter had passed the college exams.
7. Madam Curie discovered ______ she called radium.
8. Would you mind telling me ______ language your friend speaks?
9. Would you mind telling me _______language your friend speaks, English or French?
10.We’re worried about _________ he is safe.whythatwhatwhatwhichwhether【能力提高】
一. 单项选择
1—5 ADDBA
6--10 CDDCD
11—15 ABCDA
16—20 BCDDC二． 翻译下列句子:
1. 他问我到哪儿去。
He asked me where I was going.
2. 我想她对这种活动没有兴趣。
I don’t think (that) she is interested in such activities.(否定前移)
3. 你要我做什么我就做什么。
I’ll do whatever you want (me to).
4.使我吃惊的是她对中国有这么深的了解。
What surprised me was that she knew so
much about China.5. 我认为要在半小时内完成所有的工作是不可能的。
I think it impossible that we can finish the work within half an hour.(形式宾语)
= I think that it’s impossible for us to finish the work within half an hour.(形式主语)
6. 我认为，与其说这是交谈，不如说是演讲。
I think (that) you’d call it a speech rather
than a talk.7. 问题是这部电影是否值得看。
The?question?is?whether?the?film?is?worth
seeing.
8. 请告诉我他是什么时候获得诺贝尔和平奖的。
Please tell me when he won the Nobel Peace Prize.
9. 这就是我反对这个计划的原因。
That’s why I object to the plan.
That’s why I am against the plan.
10. 她的愿望是她毕业不久就能找到一份好工作。
Her wish is that she could find a good
job soon after graduation.(表语从句)
She wishes that she could find a good
job soon after graduation.(宾语从句)
有些及物动词like, love, enjoy, prefer, hate, dislike, appreciate等词后若没有出现宾语而直接跟上if/ when 从句时,要在从句前加上代词it
She likes it in the spring when flowers come out.
He hates it if you use his books.
I would appreciate it if you could come to my birthday party.
