语法专练 主语从句
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）She says it is essential we keep control of artificial intelligence， or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.
2.（2023·全国甲卷） we discovered is that it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance.
3.（2023·全国乙卷）It seems TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.
4. they would support us or not still remains a problem.
5. John was late for the class has been unexplained.
6. will be made captain of our team is still unknown， but one thing is certain： is put into this position is to lead us out of the present difficulty.
7. we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
8.Your support is important to our work. you can do helps.
9. the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
10. never occurred to him that the easier the questions were， the more careful he should be.
11. he will spend his summer holiday is up to his parents.
12. makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
13. theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind.
14. of you comes in first will receive a prize.
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1.我们将到哪里度假对我来说无关紧要，因为我所需要的只是放松。（difference）
we shall spend our holiday， for only relaxation.
2.重要的是，你要在6月28日之前提交你的文章。
your article before 28 June.
3.要求每个学生在出国前都要学一门外语。（require）
before going abroad.
4.人们普遍认为，我们如何对待地球决定了我们将面临什么样的生活。
what life we will face.
5.这是谁的过错现在已经很明显了。
is quite clear now.
6.他错失这样一个好机会很可惜。
he missed such a good chance.
7.他做了什么和什么时候做的是我唯一想知道的事情。
the only things I want to know.
8.是否应该把这个旧的公共汽车站改成一家现代化的旅馆仍在讨论中。
the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
主题语境：人与自我之生活与学习 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：8分钟
As most Americans spend at least 50％ of their food budget dining out， public criticism falls on restaurants to help consumers make healthier food choices.The Menu Labeling Final Rule has come into effect， requiring restaurants with more than 20 locations to show the calories of food on menus.
By representing these values in a discrepant way—using physically larger numbers on the page for lower-calorie options， and smaller numbers for high-calorie foods—businesses can shift customers’ preferences toward healthier food， according to Ruiying Cai from the Washington State University.
In their study， Cai and her colleagues asked participants to choose between a less healthy item and a healthier option after randomly assigning them to two groups.In the first group， calorie counts and font sizes rose and fell together.In the second group， the size became larger as the calorie count fell.Researchers also asked participants questions to assess their health-consciousness.
Results showed participants in the second group， who saw low calorie counts printed in large sizes， were more likely to adopt the healthier option.Moreover， less health-conscious participants were the most affected， while people with more health awareness were less influenced since they already favored healthier food.
This research adjusted customer behaviors by creating a Stroop effect.Named after psychologist J.Ridley Stroop， the Stroop effect refers to a delay in reaction to mismatch in its classic form.For example， if the word “purple” is written in green， it takes respondents longer time to identify the color than if the word and the color match.Similarly， the effect is observed when the physical size of the number does not match its number in this study.
“Restaurants are interested in encouraging customers to make healthier choices，” Cai said.However， simply labeling the food as healthy may not have the intended effect.“Healthy food items could be profitable for restaurants， but whenever a ‘healthy’ label is attached， people may assume it does not taste good，” she explained.“We’re trying to provide restaurants with indirect suggestions， rather than saying it out loud.”
1.What does the underlined word “discrepant” in Paragraph 2 mean？（ ）
A.Creative. B.Relative.
C.Conflicting. D.Misleading.
2.Which of the following type of customers would be affected most from the research？（ ）
A.Strict diet followers.
B.Convenience food fans.
C.Homemade meal lovers.
D.Health magazine readers.
3.What is Paragraph 5 mainly about？（ ）
A.The significance of research results.
B.The measurement of response delays.
C.The psychological basis of the study design.
D.The influential variations of the Stroop effect.
4.Which of the following might be Cai’s suggestion for restaurants？（ ）
A.Use font magic to drive healthier choices.
B.Pay more attention to the taste of the food.
C.Create a quiet dining atmosphere for customers.
D.Attach “healthy” labels to the food on the menu.
Ⅱ.完形填空
主题语境：人与自我之生活经历 语篇类型：记叙文 建议用时：12分钟
I was in Washington covering a conference.However， I came across a curious-looking 1 shop with its door partly open.
Citizens here said it had been like that 2 as long as they could remember， but no one knew 3 .“Maybe the owner is just lazy，” I 4 the shady entrance， eager to find out the reason.A（n） 5 “Welcome！” came from a man’s voice.And out walked Mr Smith， the 90-year-old 6 of this candy shop which I suddenly realized had 7 candies.Mr Smith explained the place was a candy store opened by himself 50 years ago， but his energy 8 in old age so he sold nothing for long.
I admired Mr Smith’s long excellent service in the area.He had a 9 attitude to life.I asked Mr Smith why his store front was in such a state.Mr Smith， smiling， replied， “I 10 a bag by the door that a customer left two years ago.Honestly I want to just 11 the store， but because the bag’s owner might come by 12 for it， I keep the door open just a little bit.” I was moved to tears by Mr Smith’s shockingly 13 deeds.I then looked down， and sure enough there was a small bag on the counter with a paper that read “ 14 Item”.
I left the shop feeling better about humanity and was glad there are people like Mr Smith living the good life and keeping 15 forever.
1.（ ）A.clothing B.food
C.fruit D.candy
2.（ ）A.every day B.occasionally
C.every night D.recently
3.（ ）A.when B.where
C.why D.how
4.（ ）A.approached B.left
C.broke D.ignored
5.（ ）A.official B.enthusiastic
C.elegant D.humble
6.（ ）A.supplier B.owner
C.customer D.employee
7.（ ）A.many B.some
C.various D.no
8.（ ）A.broke off B.calmed down
C.went up D.faded away
9.（ ）A.pessimistic B.positive
C.humorous D.cool
10.（ ）A.buy B.sell
C.keep D.exhibit
11.（ ）A.manage B.exchange
C.open D.close
12.（ ）A.looking B.paying
C.charging D.longing
13.（ ）A.unbelievable B.sweet
C.odd D.sensible
14.（ ）A.Recommended B.Found
C.Lost D.Deserted
15.（ ）A.patience B.silence
C.faith D.touch
语法专练
[夯基固本——一遍过]
Ⅰ.1.that 2.What 3.that 4.Whether 5.Why
6.Who； whoever 7.How 8.Whatever 9.When
10.It 11.Where 12.What 13.That
14.Whichever
Ⅱ.1.It makes no difference to me where； what I need is
2.It is important that you （should） hand in
3.It is required that every student （should） learn a foreign language
4.It is widely believed that how we treat the earth determines
5.Whose fault it is
6.It was a pity that
7.What he did and when he did it are
8.It is still under discussion whether
[对标高考——全练通]
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：文章主要介绍了一项研究——菜单上标记热量多少的数字大小是如何影响顾客对食物的选择的。1.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的内容using physically larger numbers ...high-calorie foods可知，这是对discrepant way的解释，用大字号表示低卡路里，小字号表示高卡路里，这是一种相冲突的方式，故可推知discrepant应表示“矛盾的，不一致的”，与Conflicting同义。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的Moreover， less health-conscious participants ...favored healthier food.可知，健康意识较弱的人受影响最大，而健康意识较弱的人通常是方便食物的爱好者。
3.C 段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，本段主要介绍了该研究应用斯特鲁普效应来研究顾客行为，该效应是设计该研究的心理学基础。
4.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段Cai所说的话可知，她认为给食物贴上“健康”的标签反而会适得其反，并不能鼓励顾客去选择它，餐馆应该寻求间接的方法。再根据第四段第一句Results showed participants in the second group...adopt the healthier option.可推测，Cai提到的indirect suggestions指的就是餐馆可以利用字体的魔力来引导顾客选择更健康的食物。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：作者讲述了自己在华盛顿的一次温暖的经历。一位糖果店老板经营店铺多年，后来年龄大了，精力有限，想要关掉店铺。但是，两年前有一位顾客把一个包遗忘在店里，老人虽然不再开门营业，但是想着那位顾客随时有可能路过这里，进来寻包，所以每天都把门半开着等待。
1.D 根据下文的this candy shop可知，这是一家糖果店。
2.A 根据下文的I 10 a bag by the door ...keep the door open just a little bit可知，老人不再营业卖糖果，两年来却为了等失主来找包而每天把店门半开。每天这样做才会令人们觉得好奇。
3.C 根据下文的eager to find out the reason可知，人们对这家店铺不营业却开着门的情况很好奇，不知道为什么。why呼应下文的the reason。
4.A 结合语境可知，作者想要探究原因，需要靠近店铺，前去询问店主。
5.B 根据下文的I admired Mr Smith’s long excellent service in the area.可知，多年来店主的服务态度非常好，应该对顾客是很热情的。
6.B 根据下文的Mr Smith explained the place was a candy store opened by himself 50 years ago可知，这位90岁的老人就是店主。
7.D 根据下文so he sold nothing for long可知，这家糖果店现在并没有糖果。
8.D 老人经营了五十年糖果店，九十岁时，想要关闭店铺，应该是因为精力衰退。break off中断；calm down冷静下来；go up上升；fade away衰退。
9.B 店主经营店铺，为人们服务了五十年，受到作者的钦佩，且后面讲店铺已经不营业了却为了失主有可能回来找包，两年来坚持把店铺的门开着。由此可知，老人的生活态度是积极的、正能量的。
10.C 两年前顾客遗忘在店里的包，店主应是帮忙保存。
11.D 结合语境可知，店主年纪大了，精力衰退，想要关闭店铺，只是因为担心失主回来找包才开着门。
12.A 一个顾客两年前把包遗忘在店里，有可能会回来寻找。短语look for意为“寻找”，符合语境。
13.B 老人这么大年纪不卖东西了，却还为了等失主回来找包，坚持两年开着店门，这是善良的好心行为。
14.B 顾客遗忘的包，对于店家来说就是捡到的物品。用Found Item表示“失物招领”。
15.C 老人这么大年纪不卖东西了，却还坚持两年开着店门，只是为了等失主回来找包，永远给顾客保留一份希望，这是一种做人的信念。
1 / 6(共32张PPT)
语法专练 主语从句
夯基固本——一遍过
对标高考——全练通
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）She says it is essential we keep
control of artificial intelligence， or risk being sidelined and
perhaps even worse.
2. （2023·全国甲卷） we discovered is that it’s unwise to
judge what you eat only by its appearance.
3. （2023·全国乙卷）It seems TV programmes have helped
change what people think about cooking.
4. they would support us or not still remains a problem.
that
What
that
Whether
5. John was late for the class has been unexplained.
6. will be made captain of our team is still unknown， but
one thing is certain： is put into this position is to lead
us out of the present difficulty.
7. we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
8. Your support is important to our work. you can do helps.
9. the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
10. never occurred to him that the easier the questions were，
the more careful he should be.
Who
whoever
How
Whatever
When
It
Why
11. he will spend his summer holiday is up to his parents.
12. makes the book so extraordinary is the creative
imagination of the writer.
13. theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle
we should always keep in mind.
14. of you comes in first will receive a prize.
Where
What
That
Whichever
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1. 我们将到哪里度假对我来说无关紧要，因为我所需要的只是放
松。（difference）
we shall spend our
holiday， for only relaxation.
2. 重要的是，你要在6月28日之前提交你的文章。
your article before
28 June.
It makes no difference to me where
what I need is
It is important that you （should） hand in
3. 要求每个学生在出国前都要学一门外语。（require）
before going abroad.
4. 人们普遍认为，我们如何对待地球决定了我们将面临什么样的
生活。
what life we will face.
5. 这是谁的过错现在已经很明显了。
is quite clear now.
It is required that every student （should） learn a foreign
language
It is widely believed that how we treat the earth determines
Whose fault it is
6. 他错失这样一个好机会很可惜。
he missed such a good chance.
7. 他做了什么和什么时候做的是我唯一想知道的事情。
the only things I want to
know.
8. 是否应该把这个旧的公共汽车站改成一家现代化的旅馆仍在讨
论中。
the old bus station should be
replaced with a modern hotel.
It was a pity that
What he did and when he did it are
It is still under discussion whether
Ⅰ.阅读理解
主题语境：人与自我之生活与学习 语篇类型：说明文
建议用时：8分钟
As most Americans spend at least 50％ of their food budget dining
out， public criticism falls on restaurants to help consumers make
healthier food choices.The Menu Labeling Final Rule has come into
effect， requiring restaurants with more than 20 locations to show the
calories of food on menus.
By representing these values in a discrepant way—using physically larger numbers on the page for lower-calorie options，and smaller numbers for high-calorie foods—businesses can shift customers’ preferences toward healthier food，according to Ruiying Cai from the Washington State University.
In their study， Cai and her colleagues asked participants to
choose between a less healthy item and a healthier option after
randomly assigning them to two groups.In the first group， calorie
counts and font sizes rose and fell together.In the second group， the
size became larger as the calorie count fell.Researchers also asked
participants questions to assess their health-consciousness.
Results showed participants in the second group， who saw low
calorie counts printed in large sizes， were more likely to adopt the
healthier option.Moreover， less health-conscious participants were
the most affected， while people with more health awareness were less
influenced since they already favored healthier food.
This research adjusted customer behaviors by creating a Stroop
effect.Named after psychologist J. Ridley Stroop， the Stroop effect
refers to a delay in reaction to mismatch in its classic form.For
example， if the word “purple” is written in green， it takes
respondents longer time to identify the color than if the word and the
color match.Similarly， the effect is observed when the physical size
of the number does not match its number in this study.
“Restaurants are interested in encouraging customers to make
healthier choices，” Cai said.However， simply labeling the food as
healthy may not have the intended effect.“Healthy food items could
be profitable for restaurants， but whenever a ‘healthy’ label is
attached， people may assume it does not taste good，” she
explained.“We’re trying to provide restaurants with indirect
suggestions， rather than saying it out loud.”
语篇解读：文章主要介绍了一项研究——菜单上标记热量多少的数
字大小是如何影响顾客对食物的选择的。
1. What does the underlined word “discrepant” in Paragraph 2
mean？
A. Creative. B. Relative.
C. Conflicting. D. Misleading.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的内容using physically larger
numbers ...high-calorie foods可知，这是对discrepant way的解
释，用大字号表示低卡路里，小字号表示高卡路里，这是一种相
冲突的方式，故可推知discrepant应表示“矛盾的，不一致的”，
与Conflicting同义。
√
2. Which of the following type of customers would be affected most
from the research？
A. Strict diet followers.
B. Convenience food fans.
C. Homemade meal lovers.
D. Health magazine readers.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的Moreover， less health-
conscious participants ...favored healthier food.可知，健康意识
较弱的人受影响最大，而健康意识较弱的人通常是方便食物的爱
好者。
3. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about？
A. The significance of research results.
B. The measurement of response delays.
C. The psychological basis of the study design.
D. The influential variations of the Stroop effect.
解析：段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，本段主要介绍了该研
究应用斯特鲁普效应来研究顾客行为，该效应是设计该研究的心
理学基础。
√
4. Which of the following might be Cai’s suggestion for
restaurants？
A. Use font magic to drive healthier choices.
B. Pay more attention to the taste of the food.
C. Create a quiet dining atmosphere for customers.
D. Attach “healthy” labels to the food on the menu.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Cai所说的话可知，她认为给食
物贴上“健康”的标签反而会适得其反，并不能鼓励顾客去选择
它，餐馆应该寻求间接的方法。再根据第四段第一句Results
showed participants in the second group...adopt the healthier
option.可推测，Cai提到的indirect suggestions指的就是餐馆可以
利用字体的魔力来引导顾客选择更健康的食物。
Ⅱ.完形填空
主题语境：人与自我之生活经历 语篇类型：记叙文 建议用时：
12分钟
I was in Washington covering a conference.However， I came
across a curious-looking 1 shop with its door partly open.
Citizens here said it had been like that 2 as long as they could
remember， but no one knew 3 .“Maybe the owner is just
lazy，” I 4 the shady entrance， eager to find out the reason.A
（n） 5 “Welcome！” came from a man’s voice.And out
walked Mr Smith， the 90-year-old 6 of this candy shop which I
suddenly realized had 7 candies.Mr Smith explained the place
was a candy store opened by himself 50 years ago， but his
energy 8 in old age so he sold nothing for long.
I admired Mr Smith’s long excellent service in the area.He had
a 9 attitude to life.I asked Mr Smith why his store front was in
such a state.Mr Smith， smiling， replied， “I 10 a bag by the
door that a customer left two years ago.Honestly I want to just 11
the store， but because the bag’s owner might come by 12 for
it， I keep the door open just a little bit.” I was moved to tears by
Mr Smith’s shockingly 13 deeds.I then looked down， and sure
enough there was a small bag on the counter with a paper that read
“ 14 Item”.
I left the shop feeling better about humanity and was glad there
are people like Mr Smith living the good life and keeping 15
forever.
语篇解读：作者讲述了自己在华盛顿的一次温暖的经历。一位糖果
店老板经营店铺多年，后来年龄大了，精力有限，想要关掉店铺。
但是，两年前有一位顾客把一个包遗忘在店里，老人虽然不再开门
营业，但是想着那位顾客随时有可能路过这里，进来寻包，所以每
天都把门半开着等待。
1. A. clothing B. food
C. fruit D. candy
解析：根据下文的this candy shop可知，这是一家糖果店。
2. A. every day B. occasionally
C. every night D. recently
解析：根据下文的I 10 a bag by the door ...keep the
door open just a little bit可知，老人不再营业卖糖果，两年来
却为了等失主来找包而每天把店门半开。每天这样做才会令人
们觉得好奇。
√
√
3. A. when B. where C. why D. how
解析：根据下文的eager to find out the reason可知，人们对这家
店铺不营业却开着门的情况很好奇，不知道为什么。why呼应下文
的the reason。
4. A. approached B. left
C. broke D. ignored
解析：结合语境可知，作者想要探究原因，需要靠近店铺，前去
询问店主。
√
√
5. A. official B. enthusiastic
C. elegant D. humble
解析：根据下文的I admired Mr Smith’s long excellent service
in the area.可知，多年来店主的服务态度非常好，应该对顾客是
很热情的。
6. A. supplier B. owner
C. customer D. employee
解析：根据下文的Mr Smith explained the place was a candy store
opened by himself 50 years ago可知，这位90岁的老人就是店主。
√
√
7. A. many B. some C. various D. no
解析：根据下文so he sold nothing for long可知，这家糖果店现在
并没有糖果。
8. A. broke off B. calmed down
C. went up D. faded away
解析：老人经营了五十年糖果店，九十岁时，想要关闭店铺，应
该是因为精力衰退。break off中断；calm down冷静下来；go up上
升；fade away衰退。
√
√
9. A. pessimistic B. positive
C. humorous D. cool
解析：店主经营店铺，为人们服务了五十年，受到作者的钦佩，
且后面讲店铺已经不营业了却为了失主有可能回来找包，两年来
坚持把店铺的门开着。由此可知，老人的生活态度是积极的、正
能量的。
10. A. buy B. sell C. keep D. exhibit
解析：两年前顾客遗忘在店里的包，店主应是帮忙保存。
√
√
11. A. manage B. exchange
C. open D. close
解析：结合语境可知，店主年纪大了，精力衰退，想要关闭店
铺，只是因为担心失主回来找包才开着门。
12. A. looking B. paying
C. charging D. longing
解析：一个顾客两年前把包遗忘在店里，有可能会回来寻找。
短语look for意为“寻找”，符合语境。
√
√
13. A. unbelievable B. sweet
C. odd D. sensible
解析：老人这么大年纪不卖东西了，却还为了等失主回来找
包，坚持两年开着店门，这是善良的好心行为。
14. A. Recommended B. Found
C. Lost D. Deserted
解析：顾客遗忘的包，对于店家来说就是捡到的物品。用Found
Item表示“失物招领”。
√
√
15. A. patience B. silence
C. faith D. touch
解析：老人这么大年纪不卖东西了，却还坚持两年开着店门，
只是为了等失主回来找包，永远给顾客保留一份希望，这是一种
做人的信念。
√
谢 谢 观 看 ！
