2025年人教版九年级(2012)英语中考宾语从句考点及专项练习(含解析)

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名称 2025年人教版九年级(2012)英语中考宾语从句考点及专项练习(含解析)
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杭州中考宾语从句考点及专项练习
一、宾语从句的定义与分类
1、定义:宾语从句是在复合句中充当宾语的从句,可位于动词、介词或形容词后
2、分类:
动词宾语从句 :She knew that the teacher had seen the film.
介词宾语从句 :I agree with what you said.
形容词宾语从句 :I am afraid that I will be late.
二、引导词的选择
1、 that :引导陈述句,无词义,口语中常省略(如:He says (that) it is true.)
2、 if/whether :表示“是否”,但以下情况只能用 whether :
(1) 与or not连用(I don’t know whether to go or not.)
(2) 介词后(It depends on whether he comes.)
3、 特殊疑问词 (what/when/why...):在从句中作成分(Can you tell me where the station is )
三、时态规则
1、 主现从任意 :主句为现在时,从句可用任何时态(I know he will come.)
2、 主过从过 :主句为过去时,从句需用过去时态(She said she was busy.)
3、 客观真理 :从句内容为真理时,用一般现在时(He said the earth is round.)
四、注意事项
语序 :宾语从句必须用陈述句语序(I wonder where he lives.)
省略 :that在非正式语境中可省略,但主从句间有插入语时不可(He told me, I’m sure, that he was right.)
* 宾语从句练习题*
一、单项选择
1.Could you tell me ______ we will have the meeting
A. what B. when C. that D. whether
2.Mr. Li asked Tom ______ he finished his homework.
A. if B. what C. that D. why
3.I don't know ______ he is late. Maybe his bike is broken.
A. whether B. if C. why D. that
4.The teacher said ______ the earth goes around the sun.
A. if B. that C. whether D. why
5.Do you know ______ the library is open on Sundays
A. that B. whether C. what D. where
6.—Do you remember ______ he came here
—Yes, by train.
A. how B. when C. why D. where
7.My father forgot ______ he left his keys, so he couldn’t open the door.
A. that B. if C. where D. whether
8.The news ______ Tom won the speech contest surprised us all.
A. which B. that C. what D. if
9.I’m not sure ______ it will rain tomorrow. The weather report isn’t clear.
A. that B. whether C. what D. how
10.She said she ______ to Beijing if she had time next month.
A. will go B. would go C. went D. goes
二、填空
在空格处填入恰当的引导词或动词的正确形式 :
1.I don’t know ______ he is so angry today.
2.Could you tell me ______ the nearest bank is
3.She asked ______ I had finished my homework.
4.We are discussing ______ we should hold the meeting.
5.He told me ______ light travels faster than sound.
6.Do you remember ______ they left for Beijing last week
7.I wonder ______ he will come to the party or not.
8.The teacher explained ______ we should protect the environment.
9.My mom asked me ______ I wanted to eat for dinner.
10.Scientists believe ______ regular exercise is good for health.
11.The teacher asked ______ we had finished the homework.
12.Do you know ______ the meeting will start
13.I can’t decide ______ book I should buy.
14.Do you know ______ the train arrives The timetable is unclear.
15.She wondered ______ he left his bag ______.
16.He promised ______ he ______ (help) me with my project tomorrow.
17.We doubt ______ it is true. The story sounds strange.
18.Tell me ______ you didn’t come to the meeting yesterday.
19.Scientists found ______ the earth ______ (be) round centuries ago.
20.I’m not interested in ______ he will agree. It’s his choice.
21.Could you explain ______ this machine ______ (work)
22.They discussed ______ to go fishing this weekend.
23.She asked me ______ I knew ______ wallet it was.
24.The problem is ______ we can finish the task on time.
25.No one told us ______ the meeting ______ (cancel) last week.
26.I remember ______ he said, but not ______ he meant.
27.Parents should teach children ______ honest.
28.I have no idea ______ he refused the invitation.
29.Could you show me ______ I can turn on this device
30.She wondered ______ her son ______ (finish) the project yet.
31.He promised ______ he ______ (come) if it didn’t rain.
32.We are unsure ______ to accept the offer.
33.Tell me ______ you found my lost keys.
34.The fact ______ humans need clean air is obvious.
35.I’m worried about ______ she can pass the exam.
36.Do you know ______ pen this is It’s on my desk.
37.They argued about ______ had broken the window.
38.My dad taught me ______ honesty is the best policy.
39.She asked ______ I preferred, coffee or tea.
40.I doubt ______ he told the truth. His story keeps changing.
41.Remember ______ the teacher said yesterday about the test
42.Scientists confirmed ______ the new drug ______ (be) effective.
43.He says he ______ (be) an engineer in the future.
44.She believed that the sun ______ (rise) in the east.
45.I thought you ______ (finish) your homework already.
46.They told us they ______ (visit) Paris the next month.
47.We know that water ______ (boil) at 100°C.
48.She asked if I ______ (see) her keys anywhere.
49.He promised he ______ (call) me when he arrived.
50.Did you hear that the bridge ______ (repair) last week
51.My teacher said light ______ (travel) faster than sound.
52.I didn’t know if they ______ (have) a meeting yesterday.
53.She wondered what ______ (happen) to the missing cat.
54.He explained how the ancient Egyptians ______ (build) the pyramids.
55.Mom told me the earth ______ (go) around the sun.
56.They found out who ______ (break) the window the day before.
57.Scientists confirmed that the virus ______ (spread) faster in cold weather.
三、改写句子 (将下列句子改为宾语从句)
1. "Where does Lucy live " (Could you tell me...)
_______________________________________________________________________________
"Are they planting trees " (I wonder...)
_______________________________________________________________________________
"We must protect the environment." (The scientist tells us...)
_______________________________________________________________________________
"How much does this book cost " (Could you tell me...)
_______________________________________________________________________________
"Did they finish the project yesterday " (He asked...)
_______________________________________________________________________________
"Light travels faster than sound." (The teacher told us...)
_______________________________________________________________________________
四、改错题
1. I don't know what is his name. →_________________________________________________
2. She asked me that where I bought the book. → _____________________________________
3.I wonder when will the meeting start. → __________________________________________
4.He asked me that who broke the window. → ________________________________________
5.They didn’t know if they should go or stay. → _______________________________________

答案与解析
一、选择题解析
1. B. when
解析:从句意“你能告诉我会议什么时候开吗?”可知,宾语从句缺少 时间状语 ,且从句为陈述句语序(we will have),故选疑问词 when 。
2. A. if
解析:主句动词 asked (询问)暗示从句是疑问内容(是否完成作业),且从句为一般疑问句转换(Did you finish → if he finished),符合 if/whether 引导规则。
3. C. why
解析:后句“可能自行车坏了”解释原因,故从句需用 why 表示“迟到的原因”,且从句语序正确(he is late)。
4. B. that
解析:从句为陈述句“地球绕太阳转”(客观真理),且无“是否”含义,排除 if/whether,故选 that (可省略)。
5. B. whether
解析:句意“图书馆周日是否开门”含疑问含义(是否),且主句为 Do you know (现在时),故用 whether 。
6. A. how
关键:答句"by train"(出行方式),疑问词需对应 how (如何来)。
陷阱:其他选项(when/why/where)均与答句逻辑不匹配。
7. C. where
关键:句意"忘记钥匙 在哪里 ",从句缺 地点状语 (he left his keys → 完整陈述句无需调整)。
考点:宾语从句中 where 作连接副词。
8. B. that
关键:从句"Tom won the contest"是 完整陈述句 (主谓宾齐全),且作抽象名词 "news" 的同位语,必须用 that 引导(不可省略)。
易错点:此处不是定语从句(无先行词修饰关系),排除 which。
9. B. whether
关键:主句 "I’m not sure"(不确定)体现 怀疑语气 ,且后句补充"天气预报不明",必须用 whether 表"是否"。
对比:that 用于确定事实(如:I’m sure that...)。
10. B. would go
关键:主句 "said"(过去时)→ 从句需 时态回溯 (if she had time → 过去将来时 would go )。
陷阱:if 在此为 条件状语从句 ("如果有时间"),非宾语从句引导词!
二、填空题解析
题号 答案 核心考点解析
1 why 句意“不知他为何生气”,从句缺 原因状语 (he is angry → 需连接副词 why )。
2 where 问句“最近的银行在哪儿”,从句缺 地点状语 (the bank is → 需 where )。
3 if/whether 主句“asked”(询问)接一般疑问内容(是否完成作业),必须用 if/whether 。
4 whether 介词(discussing about 省略)后接宾语从句, 只能用 whether (× if)。
5 that 从句为客观真理(光速>声速),且是完整陈述句→ 用 that (可省略)。
6 when 句意“记得他们何时出发”,从句缺 时间状语 (they left → 需 when )。
7 whether "or not" 直接跟在引导词后 → 必须用 whether (× if)。
8 how 句意“解释应如何保护环境”,从句缺 方式状语 (we should protect → 需 how )。
9 what 从句缺 宾语 (eat 后无宾语),需连接代词 what (= the thing that)。
10 that 主句“believe”接完整陈述句(锻炼有益健康)→ 用 that (口语常省略)。
11 if/whether 是否
When, 会议何时开始
13 which 限定选择范围(哪本书)→ 用 which 作定语(which book)。what 不接名词。
14 when 从句缺 时间状语 (the train arrives),且句意询问“何时到站”。that 引导陈述句(语义不符)。
15 where + — 第一空:从句缺地点状语(he left his bag)→ where ;第二空:从句完整无需填词(× that)。
16 that + would help 主句“promised”(过去时)→ 从句“明天帮忙”需用 过去将来时(would help) ;that 可省略但填出更规范。
17 if/whether 主句“doubt”(怀疑)接不确定内容→ 必须用 if/whether (是否真实)。that 用于肯定事实。
18 why 从句缺 原因状语 (you didn’t come)→ why 。
19 that + was ① 从句为客观真理(地球是圆的),但主句“found”(过去发现)→ 从句时态需回溯 → was (真理可破例用 is,但此处强调历史发现用 was)。
20 whether 介词后(in) 接从句 → 只能用 whether (× if)。
21 how + works 第一空:询问运作 方式 → how ;第二空:从句需陈述语序(this machine works)。
22 whether discuss + whether to do (固定结构:讨论是否做某事)。× that 后不接不定式。
23 if + whose 第一空:一般疑问内容(是否认识)→ if/whether ;第二空:从句缺定语修饰 wallet → whose (谁的)。
24 whether 主句为 The problem is... (问题在于是否...)→ 表不确定性 → 填 whether 。that 导致语义矛盾(问题本身就是能否完成)。
25 that + had been canceled ① 从句为完整陈述句(会议被取消)→ that ;② “上周取消”发生在“被告知(told)”前 → 过去完成时被动语态 。
26 what + what 双重考点 :第一空从句缺 said 的宾语 → what ;第二空从句缺 meant 的宾语 → what 。
27 that + to be teach sb. that... 接完整陈述句 → that ;从句简化为不定式更自然: that one should be honest → to be honest 。
28 why 从句缺 原因状语 (he refused → why )。
29 how 询问操作 方式 → how (从句语序:I can turn )。
30 if/whether + had finished ① 不确定“是否完成” → if/whether ;② “yet”暗示动作完成 → 过去完成时 (had finished)。
31 that + would come 主句过去时(promised)→ 从句“将来”动作需 过去将来时 (would come);that 可省略但填出更规范。
32 whether 形容词后接不定式 (unsure whether to accept )→ 固定结构(× if)。
33 where 从句缺 地点状语 (you found keys → where )。
34 that 同位语从句解释“fact”内容(完整陈述句)→ that (不可省)。
35 whether 介词后( about )接从句 → 必须用 whether (× if)。
36 whose 空格后接名词(pen)→ 需 定语 修饰( whose pen = 谁的笔)。
37 who 从句缺 主语 (______ broke window)→ 主格 who (× whom)。
38 that 完整陈述句(诚实是上策)→ that (口语可省,但填空建议写出)。
39 which 限定选择范围(咖啡 或 茶)→ which (特殊疑问词作宾语)。
40 if/whether 主句“doubt”(怀疑)→ 接不确定内容“是否真实” → if/whether 。
41 what 从句缺 said 的 宾语 (the teacher said ______)→ what 。
42 that + was ① 引导陈述句(新药有效)→ that ;② 主句过去时(confirmed)→ 从句时态回溯(is → was )。
43 will be 主现(says)从任:从句表将来 → 一般将来时 。
44 rises 从句为 客观真理 (太阳东升)→ 永远用 现在时 。
45 had finished 主过(thought)+从句动作“完成”发生在主句前 → 过去完成时 。
46 would visit 主过(told)+从句表“过去将来” → 过去将来时 (would visit)。
47 boils 科学事实 (水沸点)→ 永远 现在时 。
48 had seen 主过(asked)+从句动作“是否见过”发生在问话前 → 过去完成时 。
49 would call 主过(promised)+从句“到达后打电话”是过去的将来 → 过去将来时 。
50 was repaired 主句现在时(Do you hear),但从句动作“上周维修”已完成 → 一般过去时被动 。
51 travels 客观真理 (光速>声速)→ 即使主句过去时(said)仍用 现在时 。
52 had had 主过(didn’t know)+从句动作“开会”在“不知”前已发生 → 过去完成时 (had + had)。
53 had happened 主过(wondered)+从句动作“发生”在“疑惑”前 → 过去完成时 。
54 built 主句过去时(explained),但从句“建造金字塔”是 历史事件 → 一般过去时 。
55 goes 天文真理 (地球绕太阳)→ 主句过去时(told)仍用 现在时 。
56 had broken 主过(found out)+从句动作“打破”发生在“发现”前 → 过去完成时 。
57 spreads 从句“病毒传播更快”是 科学结论 → 主句过去时(confirmed)仍需 现在时 。

三、改写句子解析
1. Could you tell me where Lucy lives
关键点:
特殊疑问句(Where does...)→ 宾语从句用 where 引导;
语序改为陈述句:Lucy lives(主语+谓语)。
2. I wonder whether/if they are planting trees.
关键点:
一般疑问句(Are they...)→ 用 if/whether 引导;
时态一致(主现从任),从句保持现在进行时。
3. The scientist tells us that we must protect the environment.
关键点:
陈述句直接转换,用 that 引导(可省略);
主句为现在时(tells),从句用原时态(must protect)。

4. Could you tell me how much this book costs
步骤:
① 特殊疑问句 → 保留疑问词 how much ;
② 语序调整:does this book cost → this book costs (主语+谓语)。
5. He asked whether/if they had finished the project the day before.
步骤:
① 一般疑问句 → 用 if/whether 引导;
② 主句 "asked"(过去时)→ 从句时态回溯:did finish(过去)→ had finished (过去完成);
③ 时间状语:yesterday → the day before (遵循"主过从过"原则)。
6. The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.
核心考点:
从句为 客观真理 (光速>声速),即使主句过去时(told),从句仍用 一般现在时 (travels)。
四、改错题解析
1. I don't know what his name is.
错误:宾语从句必须用 陈述句语序 (主语+谓语),不可用疑问语序(is his name → his name is)。
2. She asked me where I bought the book.
错误: that 和 where 不能连用。
正确结构:疑问词单独引导从句(where...),或去掉 where 只用 that(但语义改变)。
3. I wonder when the meeting will start.
错误类型: 语序错误
宾语从句必须用陈述语序:when the meeting will start(主语+谓语),不可用疑问语序 "when will the meeting start"。
4. He asked me who broke the window.
错误类型: 引导词冗余
that 与 who 不可连用。疑问词 who 本身可引导从句(who broke...),添加 that 属于语法重叠。
5.They didn’t know whether they should go or stay.
考点突破:
whether 可与 or not 分离使用 (whether they should go or stay = whether or not they should go)。
此处 if 不能替代 whether(因 or 直接并列动词)。