Unit 1 Nature in the balance Reading language points课件(共37张PPT，内镶嵌视频)-英语译林版（2019）必修第三册

(共37张PPT)
Unit 1
Nature in the balance
Reading-language points
Presentation
Lead-in: Enjoy a video
The Amazon rainforest:
a natural treasure
What could be the genre of the article
documentary script
纪录片脚本
(of a film, television or radio programme, or photography) using pictures or interviews with people involved in real events to provide a factual record or report.
What do you think this script is about judging from the title and picture
Reading
Wildlife and its habitat
Description, features
Benefit for nature and people
Now, read the documentary, check your answers.
Reading
Introduction
Basic information
Plant biodiversity
Different levels
Animal biodiversity
Food chain
Value
Threat
Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. This is the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem.
欢迎来到丛林，这是一片绿色的海洋，处处可闻各种动物的声音。这里是亚马孙雨林。作为世界上最大的雨林，它在维系地球生态系统的微妙平衡上扮演着举足轻重的角色。
a huge sea of 大量的，许多
alive with 充满着， 到处都是
play a significant role in... 在...方面起着重要的作用
We must face a huge sea of troubles and bear them.
我们必须面对大量的困难并忍受它们。
重点短语
1．________________ 大量的，大片的
2．________________ 充满，到处都是(活的或动的东西)
3．__________________________________
在……中起着重要的作用;在……中扮演重要角色
4． __________________________________ 保持……的微妙平衡
a huge sea of
alive with
play a significant role/part in
maintain the fine balance of...
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
亚马孙雨林穿过包括巴西、秘鲁在内的八个国家，以及一块法国的海外领地，都位于南美洲大陆。亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。
cross into 穿过，横穿
These people came in anticipation of crossing into Mexico.
这些人来到这里，希望能进入墨西哥。
The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length-roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.
亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长约6,400千米，比长江还长大约100千米。
be close to 靠近；接近.
Our village is close to the railway station .
我们村挨近火车站。
On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here.
这条河从高山流向海洋，沿途维系着多种不同的生态系统。它们赋予这片区域地球上最丰富的生物多样性：全世界十分之一的已知物种，都可以在这里找到。
one in ten 十分之一 = one out of ten.
One in ten soldiers on both sides were wounded or killed.
双方十分之一的士兵受伤或死亡。
Reading
Para. 1 : Introduction
The status of The Amazon rainforest: _____________________________________.
the largest rainforest in the world
Para. 2 : Basic information
The Amazon rainforest lies on _________________________________.
It named after ______________________________.
The Amazon rainforest and the Amazon River give the __________________________ on the earth.
the South American continent
The Amazon River
richest biodiversity
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 2
Basic information about the rainforest
_________ : 8 countries and one overseas region
_________: around 6 million square kilometres of forest
_________: about 6,400 km in length
length
size
location
Para 2
location:
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent.
横越巴西(占森林60%面积)、哥伦比亚、秘鲁、委内瑞拉、厄瓜多尔、玻利维亚、圭亚那、苏里南、法国（法属圭亚那），占世界雨林面积的一半，全球森林面积的20%，是全球最大及物种最多的热带雨林。亚马孙雨林被人们称为“地球之肺”和“绿色心脏”。
a system of roots
The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife.
the tops of the
tallest trees
the mass of leaf litter
shorter plants with large leaves
towering ancient hardwoods
Para. 3 : Plants

There are _______ levels of plant species.
5
brazil nut
water lily
Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on.
在人类已知的390,000种植物物种中，在亚马孙可以找到40,000多种。这棵高大、古老的巴西坚果树结出的坚果我们可以食用；这些睡莲（叶片）大到可以躺在上面。
be adj. / adv. enough to do 足够...去做... .
He is old enough to go to school.
他足够大去上学了。
The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.
雨林的不同层次养活的野生动物种类多到难以置信。最底层是地下的根系。往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。
a variety of 各种各样的.
The school provides students with a variety of facilities.
这个学校给学生提供各种各样的设施。
The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.
再往上一层由低矮的阔叶植物组成。然后是高耸、古老的阔叶树，最后是那些离地数米之高的大树的树冠。雨林的每一层都自成一个小世界，成为各种生物的家园。
be made up of 由......组成
= be composed of = consist of.
Animal bodies are made up of cells .
动物身体是由细胞组成的。
jaguars
insects
at least 87 species, including frogs
leaves and fruit
microorganisms
feed on
break down
feed on
eat
While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain.
nutrients
Para. 4 : Food chain
return
More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle's plant life. This jaguar is one example. It has a yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain.
1,300多种鸟和400多种哺乳动物藏身于这片丛林的植被中。这只美洲豹就是个例子。它黄棕色的皮毛上遍布着黑点。尽管这里生存着数量可观的美洲豹，但它们仅仅是雨林食物链上的一环。
a significant number of ... 大量的
the number of ... ......的数量
They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.
它们捕食的物种至少有87种，其中包括青蛙。相应地，这些青蛙的食物，是以树叶和水果为食的昆虫。美洲豹死后，一小支微生物军队会助力其尸体的分解，让营养素重回土壤之中。
feed on ... 以......为食
in turn 相应地
an tiny army of 一小群
break down 分解.
An army of ants matched across the path.
一大群蚂蚁浩浩荡荡地穿过小路。
Para. 5 : Significance and danger
1. Why does the Amazon rainforest play a significant role in maintaining the balance of the Earth's ecosystem
the “lungs of the planet”
a treasure house of species for food and medicine materials
2. What's the major danger in the Amazon rainforest
What's the situation of the Amazon rainforest over the past 50 years
major danger :us / human beings
About 17% of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities.
The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet".
亚马孙雨林通过固定碳（二氧化碳），并生成占全球总量20％以上的氧气，来为地球注入活力。因此，它也常常被称作“地球之肺”。
breathe life into 给......带来起色，注入活力
be known as ... 被称为......，被认为是......
be known for... 因......而闻名.
Mrs. brown is known for her hospitality .
布朗夫人以其好客闻名。
Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattie farming.
此外，亚马孙雨林还是食用物种和药用物种的宝库。然而，这些无可取代的动植物面临的一个主要威胁就是：我们。在过去的50年里，由于农耕和养牛等人类活动，17％的雨林已经消失了。
be used for 被用来做某事
be used as 被用作...
irreplaceable adj. 无可替代的
replaceable adj. 可替代的 replace v. 替代
due to 由于，因为
As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”
随着人类活动影响的不断增加，濒危物种的名单越来越长，这留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损害“地球之肺”的后果吗？
in danger of extinction 处在灭绝的危险中
afford to do sth 负担得起做某事.
I can not afford to run a car on my salary.
以我的薪水我是养不起汽车的。
Read the documentary script again carefully and fill in the blanks with the figures.
A Understanding the text
A2
8
6 million
6,400
40,000
1,300
400
20%
17%
The Amazon rainforest is home to a wide range of wildlife.
Build your language
The Amazon rainforest is home to a great (1) of plant life; however, its soil is surprisingly poor in nutrients. In fact, the soil in the region cannot support (2) for more than a few years. If a scientist is shown a report listing the nutrients of that soil, he or she will probably think that only desert plants can (3) in it! Then why is the soil so poor in nutrients For one thing, the rainy season has a(n) (4) on the soil. In the rainy season, the water level can rise to as high as 12 metres. When the water goes away, it takes away the nutrients in the soil. For another thing,
B1
variety
agriculture
survive
impact
(5) the Amazon’s hot climate, it is difficult for the soil to build up enough nutrients. Dead plants and animals (6) ______________ more quickly. The nutrients are soon taken in by the roots of the plants deep (7)_________ the ground. As a result, most of the forest’s nutrients are locked up in the plants themselves, (8) ________ allowing them to grow at an unbelievable speed.
due to
are broken down
beneath
thus
B Building your language
B2
The documentary script uses some words with negative prefixes. Note the following prefixes and think of more words formed with them. Then fill in the table below with as many
words as you can.
Prefixes Words
un- unbelievable
dis- disappear
in-/im-/il-/ir- irreplaceable
non- non-smoking
unlimited, unknown, unusual, unreal, unlucky
disagree, disadvantage, dishonest, disabled
incorrect, impolite, illegal, irresponsible
non-stop, non-existent, non-profit, non-fiction
1 对…有害
2 砍伐树木
3 发出警报
4 找到某事的解决方法
5 因为(account)
6 自然奇迹
7 种类繁多的野生生物
do harm / damage to sth
cut down trees
sound the alarm
find the solution to sth
on account of
natural wonders
a wide range of wildlife
Important words & phrases
8 充满，到处都是某物
9 在某事中起重要作用
10 保持生态系统完美平衡
11 …的面积
12 超过中国面积的一半
13 得名于…
be alive with sth
play a significant role in
maintain the fine balance of the ecosystem
an area of…
more than half the size of China
get one’s name from …
14 在长度上
15 地球上最丰富的多样性
16 躺在…上面
17 令人难以置信的野生生物多样性
18 在底部
19 在地下
in length
the richest biodiversity on the Earth
lie down on sth
an unbelievable variety of wildlife
at the bottom
beneath the ground
20 由…组成
21 高耸的古老硬木
22 食物链上的一要素
23 以…为食
24 相应地，依次
25 一小群微生物
be made up of
the towering ancient hardwoods
one element of the food chain
feed on sth
in turn
a tiny army of micro-organisms
Important words & phrases
26 分解
27 给…带来起色，注入活力
28 固定；修理
29 而且；此外
30 不可替代的
31 继续做某事
32 濒临灭绝
break down
breathe life into sth
fix
moreover
irreplaceable
continue doing / to do sth
in danger of extinction
33 给某人留一个问题
34 承担得起做某事
35 积累营养
36 因此
37 吸收; 欺骗
38 被锁上，被关起来
39 以令人难以置信的速度增长 / 生长
leave sb with a question
can afford to do sth
build up nutrients
as a result
take in
be locked up
grow at an unbelievable speed
40 documentary script
41 …的家园，…的栖息地
42 各种各样的
43 根据…判断（做状语的形式）
44 大片的、成片的
45 由于
纪录片脚本
be home to
a wide range of
judging from
a sea of
due to
Thank You !