Unit 2 Natural Disasters Grammar and usage 动词不定式作定语&结果状语课件（共31张）-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版必修第三册

(共31张PPT)
Grammar and usage
动词不定式作定语和结果状语
1.名词或代词与动词不定式为主谓关系:
Wendy was the first student to arrive at school.
动词不定式作定语
Tip 1:名词或代词通常被序数词, 最高级, the only等修饰
He was the best man to do the job.
Tom was the only one to know the truth.
2.名词或代词与动词不定式为动宾关系:
I have a meeting to attend.
动词不定式作定语
Tip 2.1:如果不定式是不及物动词, 需要加介词才能与名词之间构成动宾关系。
This is a good topic to talk about.
I am looking for a room to live in.
我在找一间房子住。
2.名词或代词与动词不定式为动宾关系:
Do you have anything to send
动词不定式作定语
Tip 2.2:名词或代词是动词不定式的承受者时，
若句中另一成分是动词不定式的发出者，动词不定式用主动形式；
若否，则用被动形式。
Do you have anything to be sent
3.名词或代词与动词不定式为同位关系:
He expressed a wish to make a change.
Who has the ability to do the work
We should have the courage to face any difficulty.
They have found out a way to help the villages get rid of poverty.
动词不定式作定语
Tip 4:常接不定式作定语的抽象名词有: ability, attempt, chance, decision, need, opportunity, plan, promise, reason, time, way, wish等。
1.常放其修饰的名词或代词_____,且通常表示_____,有____形式;
2.与被修饰的名词或代词之间有一定的逻辑关系:
________、________、________。
后面
主谓关系
动宾关系
同位关系
动词不定式作定语
Tip 1:名词或代词通常被序数词, 最高级, the only等修饰
Tip 2.1:如果不定式是不及物动词, 需要加介词才能与名词之间构成动宾关系。
Tip 2.2:名词或代词是动词不定式的承受者时，若句中另一成分是动词不定式的发出者，动词不定式用主动形式；若否，则用被动形式。
Tip 3:常接不定式作定语的抽象名词有: ability, attempt, chance, decision, need, opportunity, plan, promise, reason, time, way, wish等。
将来
被动
1. Do you know who is the first Chinese ________ (walk) on the moon
2. Do you have anything ________(say) If not, we will put an end to the meeting.
3. Are you going to the meeting ____________(hold) next week
4. The new building ________________ ( complete) next year will be a city museum.
5. There may be an opportunity for you _______ (see) the famous star.
to walk
to say
to be held
to be completed
to see
Practice
动词不定式作结果状语
动词不定式作结果状语，常见于以下结构：
1. 在 too＋adj./adv. ＋to… (太……而不能)结构中，表示反面结果。
It’s never too late to learn.
The case was too heavy to be carried by a child.
2. 在 …enough to… (足够……)结构中。如：
I was fortunate enough to get the ticket.
The hall is large enough to hold 3,000 people.
4. 在 never to… (不再......)结构中，可以接后续的结果。
He left home, never to return.
She left, never to be seen again.
3. 在 so＋adj./adv.＋as to… （如此......以至于......)结构中。
Jane sang so well as to come out first in the singing competition.
She was so angry as to be unable to speak.
动词不定式作结果状语
We are not such fools as to believe him.
She won’t be such a careless person as to forget to lock the door.
6. 在 such + (adj.)＋名词 +as to…（如此......以至于......) 结构中。
5. 在 only to… 结构中,不定式常表示没有预料到的结果。
I hurried to the station, only to find the train gone.
I rushed to the destination, only to find him not there.
He returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him.
动词不定式作结果状语
不定式作结果状语常用于以下句型结构：
① ______________________(太......而不能)
② ______________________(足够......)
③ ______________________ (常表示意外的或事与愿违的结果)
④ ______________________ (如此......以致于......)
⑤ ______________________(不再......)
so/such… as (not) to do
enough to do
only to do
too … to do
动词不定式作结果状语
never to ...
Practice
1. The goods are too heavy ________(carry).
2. I hurried to his house, only ________(find) that he was not at home.
3. I ran to the school, only _____________ (inform) that I wasn’t admitted by Peking University.
4. This man was strong enough _______(lift)the heavy stone.
5. Dinosaurs have died out on the earth, never __________(see) again.
to carry
to find
to be informed
to lift
to be seen
动词不定式的基本结构 (时态+语态)
主动形式 被动形式
一般式
完成式
进行式
否定 to do
to have done
to be doing
to be done
to have been done
无
在不定式to前加not
一般式：
动词不定式的基本结构 (时态+语态)
进行式：
完成式：
It seems to rain this afternoon.
It seems to be raining outside.
It seems to have rained last night.
表示不定式的动作发谓语动词的动作之后发生
表示不定式的动作在谓语动词的动作同时发生
表示不定式的动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生
Anna is interviewing her teacher, Mr Li, about his experiences during a hurricane. Find the sentences with to-infinitives and fill in the table below. The first ones have been done for you.
1
2
To-infinitives as attributives(定语)
3
To-infinitives as adverbials of result (结果状语)
1
2
after
unexpected
Applying
Match the sentences with the correct to-infinitives.
1 I went to the annual earthquake workshop.
2 The authorities told the local people
3 They arrived at the airport
4 Before we returned home, the flood damage needed
5 This was the last city
____
____
____
____
____
a to be cleared of people before the volcano erupted.
b to be repaired.
c to stay inside when the typhoon arrived.
d only to find the flight had been cancelled due to the snowstorm.
e to learn some safety tips.
e
c
d
b
a
B1
P21 B1
to find books about hurricanes
to find he was not in his office
to attend
to make PPT slides for my project
P21 B2
B3
was actually the first to leave
to keep us warm
wanted to return home as soon as possible
only to find it completely destroyed
advised us to take an active part in the rebuilding
是第一个离开的
让我们保持体温
想要尽可能快的回家
发现它完全被摧毁了
建议我们积极参加重建
I'm sorry that I cannot come to your birthday party tomorrow as I have an important meeting to attend.
She hurried to the cinema, only to find all the tickets had been sold out.
I ask you to complete the task on your own.
To reach the summit, we need a local guide.
We must learn to walk before we can run.
a. object
b. object complement
c. attributive
d. adverbial of purpose
e. adverbial of result
c
e
b
d
a
P64 C
6.I'm afraid they will have a difficult decision to make.
7.To avoid losing a good friend, you need to apologize as soon as possible.
8.He left his hometown, never to be heard from again.
9.We agreed to change our plan at the meeting.
10.She invited me to watch a film.
a. object
b. object complement
c. attributive
d. adverbial of purpose
e. adverbial of result
c
d,a
e
a
b
P64 C
Language points
shock (n.) 震惊;剧烈震动;休克 (vt.) 使震惊
e.g.: ①The news that the media covered was _________(shock), and there was a _________(shock) look on her face.
②We were shocked ___ his rude behavior.
③He would be shocked ________(hear) the truth.
④Shocked and proud, their mother said in a sweet voice, “Thanks, my kids.”
(1)to one’s shock 令某人震惊的是
in shock 处在震惊中
(2)shocking (adj.) 令人震惊的
shocked (adj.) 震惊的
be shocked at/by 对…感到震惊
be shocked to do sth 对做某事感到震惊
shocking
shocked
at
to hear
scare (v.) 惊吓,害怕 (n.) 恐慌;惊吓
e.g.: ①They lighted a fire to scare the wolves away.
②Local businesses were scared _______ paying protection money.
③He is scared _____ heights.
④When I was a little child, I was scared of _________ alone at home.
⑤I’m scared that I’m going to fall.
(1)scare…away/off　把…吓跑
scare sb into/out of doing sth 恐吓某人做/不做某事
(2)scared (adj.)　害怕的;恐惧的;担心的
be scared that 害怕/担心…
be scared to death 被吓死
be scared of (doing) sth 害怕(做)某事
be scared to do sth 不敢做某事
(3)scary (adj.) 恐怖的,吓人的
into
of
being left
power (n.) 电力;权力;能力;力量 (vt.) 驱动,推动
e.g.: ①The new president will come into power next month.
②Not that I don’t want to help you, but that it’s ________ my power to do so.
③I will do everything ____ my power to be prepared for the coming exam.
④We all have the power _________(make)a difference to the world if we choose to act.
⑤In the future all cars will be powered by electricity, solar energy or wind.
(1)come to power 开始掌权/执政(强调动作)
be in power 执政(强调状态)
(2)within/in one’s power 在某人能力/权力范围之内
beyond/out of one’s power 某人力所不能及
(3)have the power to do sth 有能力/权力做某事
(4)powerful (adj.) 强大的;有感染力的;有势力的
to make
beyond
in
run out of 用完,耗尽
e.g.: ①She has run out of her money and her patience is also running out.
②I ran into/across an old friend of mine in the street, whom I haven’t met for years.
③He waved to the dog to run after the thief.
run out …用完了
run across　偶然遇到
run into　撞上,偶遇,遇到
run after　追逐;追求
supply (n.) 补给;供应 (vt.) 供应,提供
e.g.: ①To keep our body healthy, we must ensure a balanced supply of nutrients.
②During the pandemic(流行病/疫情), medical supplies were in short supply.
③The organization supplied the school ______ many books for free.
(1)supply chain 供应链
be in short supply 供应不足,短缺
(2)supply sth to sb＝supply sb with sth　向某人提供某物
with
donate (vt.) 捐赠;捐献
e.g.: ①He donated a large sum of money ____ Project Help to help the children in need.
②He made a generous _________(donate) of 5,000 dollars in cash to the library.
(1)donate…to… 向…捐赠…
(2)donation (n.) 捐赠;捐赠物
make a donation to… 向…捐赠…
to
donation
slide (n.) 幻灯片;山崩;滑行;下滑 (v.)滑行;下滑;快速移动
e.g.: ①The economy is on the slide.
②He slid out while no one was looking.
③Within seconds, he had slid down the truck and back to the ground.
1.shock (n.) 震惊;剧烈震动;休克 (vt.) 使震惊
(1)to one’s shock 令某人震惊的是 in shock 处在震惊中
(2)shocking (adj.) 令人震惊的 shocked (adj.) 震惊的
be shocked at/by 对…感到震惊 be shocked to do sth 对做某事感到震惊
2.scare (v.) 惊吓,害怕 (n.) 恐慌;惊吓
(1)scare…away/off　把…吓跑
scare sb into/out of doing sth 恐吓某人做/不做某事
(2)scared (adj.)　害怕的;恐惧的;担心的
be scared that 害怕/担心… be scared to death 被吓死
be scared of (doing) sth 害怕(做)某事 be scared to do sth 不敢做某事
(3)scary (adj.) 恐怖的,吓人的
3.run out of 用完,耗尽
run out …用完了 run across　偶然遇到
run into　撞上,偶遇,遇到 run after　追逐;追求
4.power (n.) 电力;权力;能力;力量 (vt.) 驱动,推动
(1)come to power 开始掌权/执政(强调动作) be in power 执政(强调状态)
(2)within/in one’s power 在某人能力/权力范围之内
beyond/out of one’s power 某人力所不能及
(3)have the power to do sth 有能力/权力做某事
(4)powerful (adj.) 强大的;有感染力的;有势力的
5.supply (n.) 补给;供应 (vt.) 供应,提供
(1)supply chain 供应链 be in short supply 供应不足,短缺
(2)supply sth to sb＝supply sb with sth　向某人提供某物
6.donate (vt.) 捐赠;捐献
(1)donate…to… 向…捐赠…
(2)donation (n.) 捐赠;捐赠物
make a donation to… 向…捐赠…
7.slide (n.) 幻灯片;山崩;滑行;下滑 (v.)滑行;下滑;快速移动