英语 必修 第一册 WY
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas (Reading & Writing)
& Presenting ideas
一、阅读单词
1.sunflower n. 向日葵
2.rooftop n. 屋顶
3.thistle n. 蓟
4.herb n. (用于调味)香草
5.flavour n. 味，味道
二、核心单词
1.publish v. 出版
2.expert adj. 内行的，专家的
3.rent v. 租用，租借
4.limited adj. 有限的
5.benefit n. 好处，益处
6.system n. 系统
三、拓展单词(可查字典）
1.pleasant adj. 令人愉快的→please v. 喜欢；(使)高兴，(使)满意→pleased adj. 高兴的，喜欢的
2.energy n. 力量，活力→energetic adj. 精力充沛的→energetically adv. 积极地；精力充沛地
四、熟词生义
branch 熟义：n. 树枝
生义：n. 分支；分部；分行；分店
v. 分岔
五、核心短语
green__fingers 高超的种植技能
课文三维剖析
A Love of Gardening
热爱园艺
“If1 you look the right way， you can see that2 the whole world is a garden.” These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden， first published in 19113 . At that time， only the very rich in Britain had gardens. Very soon after this， homes with gardens began to be built. This is what4 started the British love of gardening！ Today， millions of Brits like to say that5 they have “green fingers”， with around half the population spending their free time gardening6 . “如果从合适的角度去欣赏，你会发现整个世界就是一个花园。”《秘密花园》的作者曾这样说。这本书1911年首次出版，在当时的英国，只有富豪才拥有花园。不久之后，人们开始建造带有花园的房子，英国人对园艺的热爱就此开始！今天，数以百万的英国人喜欢说他们有“绿手指(意为擅长园艺）”，约有一半的英国人都把空闲时间用在打理花园上。 For many people in the UK， their garden is their own private world. Each spring， children plant sunflowers and wait to see which7 one is the tallest. Expert gardeners know just the right corner for roses， and8 others spend hours trying to grow perfect vegetables to enter into competitions. And while9 many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass， some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them. 对于许多英国人来说，花园就是他们的私密世界。每年春天，孩子们种下向日葵，满怀期待地看谁种的长得最高。高明的园丁对于花园里哪个角落最合适种玫瑰都了如指掌，其他人则花费大量时间力图种出最完美的蔬菜参加竞赛。虽然许多英国人认为锄草是周日最棒的活动，但也有一些人只要能坐在树下享受周围世界的美丽就心满意足了。 But in cities， limited space has led to people looking for new solutions. Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which to grow things10 . Today， there are over 4，000 people in London waiting11 for such pieces of land. One recent idea has been to turn rooftops and12 walls into private gardens. These gardens have helped make the cities greener and improve air quality. 但在城市里，有限的空间促使人们寻找新的解决方案。住宅外部没有空间的居民可以租用小块土地种植作物。现如今，伦敦有四千多人在等待租用这样的土地。近期的一个理念是将屋顶和墙壁改造为私人花园。这些花园可以增加城市绿化面积、改善空气质量。 As well as being good for the environment， gardening is also good for the soul. What other free time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things？ And if13 you're in any doubt about this， take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden： “Where you tend a rose ... A thistle cannot grow.14 ” 除了能改善环境，园艺还能净化心灵。还有什么其他业余活动能让你在享受自然的同时创造出更美丽的生物呢？如果你对这一点有任何疑问，请停下片刻，回味一下《秘密花园》中的这句话：“当你种下玫瑰，蓟草就不会生长。” 1 引导条件状语从句 2 引导宾语从句 3 过去分词短语作定语，修饰名词the book The Secret Garden 4 引导表语从句 5 引导宾语从句，作动词say的宾语 6 with复合结构作状语 7 引导宾语从句，作动词see的宾语 8 连接两个并列句 9 引导让步状语从句 10 作定语，修饰名词land 11现在分词作定语 12连接并列成分rooftops和walls 13引导条件状语从句 14作同位语，补充说明名词this__line
阅读领悟
一、课文分段主旨大意
二、问题链
1.How do people in cities find the solution to grow things？
By__renting__small__pieces__of__land__and__turning__rooftops__and__walls__into__private__gardens.
2.What kind of writing style does the passage belong to？
Exposition.
探究一 高频词
1.expert adj. 内行的，专家的 n. 专家(教材P91）
be expert in/at ... 在……方面擅长 an expert on/in/at ... ……方面的专家
【语境感知】
①A musician is one who is expert in playing a musical instrument.
音乐家是擅长演奏某种乐器的人。
②She is an expert in child psychology.
她是儿童心理学专家。
【靶向小练】
①He is a well known expert on/in/at finance.
②He is expert in/at cooking delicious and cheap meals.
③他曾认为自己是这方面的专家。
He__used__to__consider__himself__an__expert__on/in/at__the__subject.
2.rent v. 租用，租借 n. 租金(教材P92）
→rental adj. 可供租用的 n. 出租；租金 (1)rent sth from sb 从某人处租用某物 rent out 租出 rent from 向……租 (2)for rent 出租；招租
【语境感知】
①Some farmers rent their land from the council.
一些农民从地方议会租用土地。
②There is a small apartment for rent near the school.
学校附近有一套小公寓出租。
【靶向小练】
①MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental (rent) company in Amsterdam.
②He decided to rent out a room to get extra income.
③一对老夫妇上周从一位极好的绅士那里租了这所房子。
An__old__couple__rented__the__house__from__a__wonderful__gentleman__last__week.
3.limited adj. 有限的(教材P92）
→limitless adj. 无限的 (1)reach the limit (of) 达到(……的)极限 (2)limit ... to ... 把……限制在…… (3)set a limit to ... 对……设定一个限度；为……设定界限
【语境感知】
①She has reached the limit of her patience.
她已经到了忍无可忍的地步。
②They limit the speed of cars to 50 kilometers per hour on this road.
他们把这条路上的车速限定为每小时50公里。
③The expenses should be limited to what you can really afford.
费用应该限制在你真正能负担的范围内。
④We set a limit to the expense of the trip.
我们为这次旅游的费用作出了限定。
【靶向小练】
①Once we found the place， it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited (limit) time.
②There are limitless (limit) possibilities if you keep an open mind.
③Try to limit your speech to five minutes.
④你的文章将被限制在最多80个单词。
Your essay will__be__limited__to a maximum of 80 words.
4.benefit n. 好处，益处 v. 受益；有益于(教材P93）
→beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的；受益的 (1)for the benefit of ... ＝for one's benefit 为了……的利益 (2)benefit sb/sth 使某人/某物受益 benefit from/by ... 从……中受益/获益 be of benefit to ... 有益于……；对……有好处 (3)be beneficial to 对……有益处
【语境感知】
①The soldier lost his life for the benefit of his motherland.
这名士兵为了祖国的利益献出了生命。
②As we all know， books are the source of knowledge. I benefit a great deal from reading.
众所周知，书是知识的源泉。我从阅读中受益匪浅。
③Doing exercise every day is of great benefit to health.
每天做运动对健康大有好处。
benefit一般为不可数名词，但意为“具体的好处”时是可数名词，可用复数形式。
【靶向小练】
①Music education is beneficial (benefit) and important to all the students.
②He believes what they are working on now is for the benefit of the people.
③摘水果的经历让我们受益良多，它教会我们劳动的重要性。
This fruit－picking experience was__of__great__benefit__to__us and taught us the importance of working.(benefit n.)
＝We__benefited__a__lot__from this fruit picking experience and it taught us the importance of working. (benefit v.)
＝This fruit picking experience was__quite__beneficial__to__us and taught us the importance of working. (beneficial)
探究二 拓展词
5.pleasant adj. 令人愉快的→please v. 喜欢；(使）高兴，(使）满意→pleased adj. 高兴的，喜欢的
【语境感知】
The students were extremely pleased when hearing the pleasant news.
听到这个令人愉快的消息，学生们都非常高兴。
6.energy n. 力量，活力→energetic adj. 精力充沛的→energetically adv. 积极地；精力充沛地
【语境感知】
To keep energetic， he sets aside two hours a day to take exercise. That's why he is always full of energy.
为了保持精力充沛，他每天留出两小时锻炼身体。这就是为什么他总是充满活力。
【靶向小练】
①It was the pleasant (please) surroundings and beautiful scenery that impressed all of us deeply.
②Young people are generally more energetic (energy) than the elders.
③在电梯里进行一段简短的谈话是令人愉快的。
It__is__pleasant__to__have__a__short__conversation__in__the__lift.
④她今天面带微笑，心情愉快，充满活力。(人物描写)
She__is__smiling，__cheerful__and__full__of__energy__today.
探究三 熟词生义
7.branch [熟义]n. 树枝
[生义]n. 分支；分部；分行；分店
v. 分岔
【语境感知】
①The branch was sticking up out of the water.
树枝从水中伸了出来。
②The bank has branches all over the country.
那家银行在全国各地设有分行。
③Our New York branch is dealing with the matter.
我们的纽约分部正在处理这件事。
④The accident happened where the road branches.
事故发生在道路分岔的地方。
【靶向小练】
①The coffee shop chain opened a new store near our school last month.汉语：分店 同义词：branches
②小路经过湖后向右分出一条岔道。
Just__after__the__lake，__the__path__branches__off__to__the__right.
③他将在离他工作地点最近的银行分行开立账户。
He__will__open__an__account__at__the__bank__branch__nearest__to__his__workplace.
探究四 长难句分析
8.And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass， some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them.(教材P92）
虽然许多英国人认为锄草是周日最棒的活动，但也有的人只要能坐在树下享受周围世界的美丽就心满意足了。
【分析】 while作并列连词时，连接前后两个并列分句，表示对比，意为“而，却”。
(1)引导时间状语从句时，意为“当……的时候”，从句谓语必须用延续性动词。
(2)引导让步状语从句时，多位于句首，意为“尽管，虽然”。
【语境感知】
①Cloning plants is simple while cloning animals is very complicated.
克隆植物很简单，而克隆动物是非常复杂的。
②While the discussion was going on， George came in.
当讨论正在进行的时候，乔治走了进来。
③While I admit his good points， I can see his shortcomings.
尽管我承认他的优点，但我还是能看到他的缺点。
【靶向小练】
①He likes playing basketball while I like listening to music.
②While the problems are difficult， I can solve them.
③当他正在读报纸的时候，听到有人敲门。(动作描写)
While__he__was__reading__the__newspaper，__he__heard__someone__knocking__at__the__door.
Ⅰ.写出单词
1.He works for a company that publishes (出版) reference books.
2.Below us you could glimpse the rooftops (屋顶) of a few small villages.
3.The climate is a complex system (系统)； global warming adds its uncertainty.
4.She keeps her private (私人的) thoughts and feelings to herself most of the time.
5.Mark needs to learn Chinese since his company is opening a branch (分店) in Beijing.
6.Foods which go through a factory process lose much of their colour， flavour and texture.
7.After being trained for some time， the children became expert at holding their breath under water.
8.People often use sunflowers as the symbol of strength.
9.However， Tu Youyou had an idea that Chinese herbs might hold the secret.
10.As I walked through the field， my pants got caught on a thistle， and I had to stop to free myself.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Who exactly stands to benefit from/by these changes？
2.While I like the color of the hat， I do not like its shape.
3.The girl about whom we are talking is our new classmate.
4.Lack of sleep can lead to poor concentration at work.
5.A friend drove her to Atlanta， where she picked up a rental (rent) car.
6.Therefore， we should both beautify (beauty) the campus environment and create a campus culture.
7.She's expert in/at making cheap but stylish clothes.
8.As a nation， our consumption (consume) of junk food is horrifying.
9.The book on which I spent 20 yuan is very interesting.
10.She never hesitates to lend a helping (help) hand to her classmates who are having trouble with their studies.
Ⅲ.语段填词
1.She has a positive attitude towards challenges. She always approaches problems positively and tries her best to solve them. (positive)
2.The boundless energy of the young athletes was evident as they sprinted across the field with an energetic fervor that invigorated the entire stadium. Energetically， they continued to train even after the game， determined to improve their skills. (energy)
3.Regular exercise brings many benefits to our health. It is beneficial for both our physical and mental well－being. (beneficial)
4.A beautiful garden always brings a pleasant feeling. It pleases the eye and makes people relax. Visitors strolling through the garden are often pleased by the fragrant flowers. (please)
5.Our time is limited. So we must limit our discussion to the most important points. However， our imagination and the potential solutions we can come up with are limitless. (limit)
Ⅳ.翻译
1.My father loves to grow vegetables and has always had green__fingers (高超的种植技能).
2.As Confucius put it， we should reflect__on__ourselves (反省自己) three times each day.
3.The doctor may__allow__her__to__return__to__work (可能允许她回去工作) next week.
4.有些人浪费食物，而有些人却吃不饱。(while表示转折)
Some__people__waste__food__while__others__don't__have__enough__to__eat.
5.多做运动对你的健康大有好处。(benefit n.)
Taking__plenty__of__exercise__can__be__of__great__benefit__to__your__health.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比40%) 拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★★★
Ⅰ 阅读
Qibao Ancient Village
Qibao， located in the center of Minhang District， Shanghai， is a village with a history of one thousand years. In the village， wine and tea are served on old fashioned square tables together with long benches， long mouth copper pots and flat end chopstick used. The most famous snacks in old Shanghai are square pastry， rice wine and steamed salted pork in wine.
Entrance Ticket： 45 yuan per all in one ticket (preferable price of 30 yuan is available now)， covering almost all tourist attractions inside the village.
Telephone： 021－21087225
Jinshan Village of Farmer Painting
Villagers skillfully make good use of folk arts such as printing and dyeing， embroidery (刺绣)， wood carving. They take the various folk customs and the busy scenes of labor of villagers in the lower Changjiang valley as the theme of paintings and create farmer paintings in a simple style.
Entrance Ticket： 30 yuan/person
Telephone： 021－57355555
Merry Countryside Tour in Zhonghua Village
The village provides tourists with accommodations， tours， chess， cards， fitness and entertainment through renting out separate farmhouse and sells tourist products and agricultural by products related to the merry countryside tour.
Entrance Ticket： Free
Telephone： 021－57395433
Pudong Lingkong Agric Gardening
It is one of Shanghai countryside tour scenic spots， which features art of teapots， crop plantation and export. The Geological Science Popularization Hall stores up tens of thousands of rare stones collected all over the world.
Entrance Ticket： 50 yuan/person
Telephone： 021－33935557
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了上海的四个以乡村生活为主题的景点。
1.What can you do when you are in Qibao？
A.Enter the village for free.
B.See busy scenes of labor of villagers.
C.Experience various folk customs.
D.Taste steamed salted pork in wine.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Qibao Ancient Village部分中的“The most famous ... pork in wine.(老上海最著名的小吃是方形糕点、米酒和糟肉。）”可知，游客在七宝古村落能够品尝糟肉。故选D。
2.Where should you go if you are interested in stone collecting？
A.Jinshan Village.
B.Qibao Ancient Village.
C.Zhonghua Village.
D.Pudong Lingkong Agric Gardening.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据Pudong Lingkong Agric Gardening部分中的“The Geological Science ... all over the world. (地质科普馆收藏了数以万计的来自世界各地的珍稀石头。）”可推知，如果对收集石头感兴趣，你应该去 Pudong Lingkong Agric Gardening。故选D。
3.What theme is shared by the four tours？
A.City developments.
B.Countryside life.
C.Traditional customs.
D.Agricultural achievements.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Qibao Ancient Village部分中的“Qibao， located in ... thousand years. (七宝位于上海市闵行区的中心，是一个有着千年历史的村庄。）”，Jinshan Village of Farmer Painting部分中的“Villagers skillfully ... wood carving. (村民们巧妙地利用印染、刺绣、木雕等民间艺术。）”，Merry Countryside Tour in Zhonghua Village部分中的“The village ... countryside tour. (通过单独出租农家乐，为游客提供住宿、旅游、棋牌、健身、娱乐等服务，还销售与快乐乡村旅游相关的旅游产品和农副产品。）”以及Pudong Lingkong Agric Gardening部分中的“It is ... and export. (它是上海乡村旅游景点之一，以茶壶艺术、农作物种植和出口为特色。）”可知，这四个景点的共同主题是乡村生活。故选B。
Ⅱ 七选五
Many people think of sharks as dangerous monsters. But human beings cause a far greater danger to them than they do to us. Although shark attacks do occur， they are quite rare. According to one estimate， however， humans kill 100 million sharks every year. __1__
Why should we save the sharks？
Sharks take up the top position on the food chain in the ocean. As sharks die off， the population of the animals that sharks consume will increase. This， in turn， means that the number of the creatures those animals eat will drop. __2__ Fish that eat algae (藻类) are also included. This can cause algae to spread so much that it damages coral reefs.
__3__ The ocean not only produces more oxygen than all the rainforests on Earth combined， but also removes half of the man made greenhouse gas from the atmosphere. Once sharks die off， the global ecosystem will be upset， affecting all creatures including human beings.
Don't use shark products.
First， vitamin energy drinks and leather goods can be made from shark parts. __4__ In addition， shark meat is sold around the world， sometimes under misleading names such as rock salmon or whitefish. Shark fin soup is a popular dish. However， the process of getting fins is cruel. Fishermen cut the shark's fins off and then throw the shark back into the water， still alive. __5__ Sharks breathe by swimming， so a shark that can't swim will die.
A.It is time for children to learn about sharks.
B.Shark oil is also used in many popular beauty products.
C.Then the shark dies slowly， sometimes over several days.
D.Actually， the killing of sharks will affect the whole planet.
E.People in some countries are especially keen on shark products.
F.Among them are some sea fish that humans consume every day.
G.This number is a warning that many kinds of sharks may die out.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了鲨鱼数量减少对全球的生态系统的影响，从而呼吁大家保护鲨鱼，拒绝使用鲨鱼产品。
1.答案：G
解析：根据前文“According to one estimate， however， humans kill 100 million sharks every year.(然而，据估计，人类每年杀死1亿只鲨鱼。）”可知，G项(这个数字是一个警告，许多种类的鲨鱼可能会灭绝。）承接前文，其中的“This number”与前文中的“100 million”相呼应。故选G。
2.答案：F
解析：根据前文“As sharks ... eat will drop.(随着鲨鱼的灭绝，鲨鱼捕食的动物数量将会增加。反过来，这意味着这些动物捕食的生物数量将会下降。）”可知，此处是对数量下降的生物进行举例，F项(其中有一些是人类每天食用的海鱼。）承接前文。故选F。
3.答案：D
解析：根据后文“Once sharks die off ... human beings.(一旦鲨鱼灭绝，全球生态系统将被破坏，影响到包括人类在内的所有生物。）”可知，此处是指鲨鱼灭绝会影响全球生态系统，D项(事实上，捕杀鲨鱼会影响整个地球。）引出后文。故选D。
4.答案：B
解析：根据前文“First， vitamin energy ... shark parts.(首先，维生素能量饮料和皮革制品可以用鲨鱼的身体部位制成。）”可知，B项(鲨鱼油也被用于许多流行的美容产品中。）与前文并列，说明鲨鱼的用途。故选B。
5.答案：C
解析：根据前文“However， the process ... still alive.(然而，获取鱼鳍的过程是残酷的。渔民们割下鲨鱼的鳍，然后把还活着的鲨鱼扔回水中。）”和后文“Sharks breathe by swimming， so a shark that can't swim will die.(鲨鱼靠游泳呼吸，所以不能游泳的鲨鱼将会死去。）”可知，此处是指在被获取鱼鳍后鲨鱼会渐渐死去，C项(然后鲨鱼慢慢死去，有时会持续几天。）承前启后。故选C。
Ⅲ 应用文写作
假定你们要开一个以“Protecting Our Environment”为题的主题班会，请你写一篇关于环境保护的发言稿，要点如下：
1.目前环境面临的威胁；
2.保护环境的可行措施；
3.保护环境的意义。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear fellows，
[精彩范文]
Dear fellows，
With the development of industry and agriculture， environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world.
Vast forests have been cut down and waste water has been poured continuously into rivers. Furthermore， the whole ecological balance of nature is changing. The environmental destruction has negative effects on man's existence. It's high time that we should take action to cope with environmental problems. For instance， the industrial enterprises should comply with the regulations regarding industrial development. Besides， public awareness of environmental protection should be spread via the media.
We hope that these measures will be effective and bring us a better future.
单元写作
单元写作——概要写作
本单元的写作任务是概要写作，主题是人与自然。概要写作是在正确理解文章的基础上，在不改变原文的中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，省去不必要的细节，用简明、精炼的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。人与自然类的概要写作具体可涉及人对自然资源的改造利用以及由此带来的问题、人与动物之间的矛盾冲突等，最后通常归纳总结为人与自然应和谐相处。
Firstly， ________________________ (要点1). What's more __________________ (要点2). Besides， ____________________ (要点3). In short， ________________________ (要点4).
1.Nowadays， more and more people realize it's important to protect the environment.
如今，越来越多的人意识到保护环境的重要性。
2.The passage/author highlights the importance of ecological protection.
本文/作者强调了生态保护的重要性。
3.There is no doubt that China is playing a more and more important part in the protection of the nature world.
毫无疑问，中国在保护自然环境方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。
4.When it comes to pollution， the chemical industry is a major offender.
谈到环境污染问题，化工企业是一大祸害。
5.The destruction of the rainforests is an ecological disaster.
雨林遭到破坏是一种生态灾难。
6.The survival of whales is bound up with the health of the ocean.
鲸鱼的生存与海洋的健康密切相关。
7.This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.
因栖息地正遭到破坏，这一物种已濒临灭绝。
8.These gases cause untold damage to the environment.
这些气体对环境造成难以估计的破坏。
9.This species of bird is decreasing in numbers every year.
这种鸟类的数量在逐年减少。
10.I believe that every small effort counts， and together， we can make a difference in preserving our environment for future generations.
我相信，每一个小小的努力都很重要，只要我们齐心协力，就能为子孙后代在保护环境方面发挥作用。
11.The text tells us a fact that destroying habitat of animals does great harm to the earth.
这篇文章告诉我们一个事实，破坏动物的栖息地对地球有很大的危害。
12.If we take these measures， I'm sure they will be of great benefit to the natural environment.
如果我们采取这些措施，我确信它们将对自然环境大有裨益。
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60个词左右的内容概要。
For nearly 20 years， natural disasters yearly affected about 300 million people and destroyed more than 3 million buildings， causing great damage to China's economy. Therefore， the disaster prevention and reduction is an important issue for China. To save lives and reduce losses， the Chinese government has taken the following effective measures.
As an important part， the management on disaster information has been strengthened. So far， China has realized the 24 hour monitoring (监控) of disasters all over the country and established an early warning system. These are particularly important to save lives， especially in the case of an earthquake. According to Chengdu High tech Disaster Reduction Institute， even a three second early warning can reduce deaths and injuries by 14 percent.
Besides， the Chinese government has been raising the public's awareness of disaster prevention and reduction in an all round way. Disaster related knowledge has been included in school textbooks， and general education about disaster prevention and reduction has been given to the public. For example， in the wake of Wenchuan earthquake， the Chinese government decided to make May 12th “Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day”. Every year， a series of publicity activities is organized with rich content and different forms.
Apart from that， the Chinese government has improved social disaster relief system. Concerning relief efforts， the Chinese government has set up a social donation system. This encourages all industries of society to make donations. In addition， related volunteer service has been developed. Under the guidance of the Chinese government， non governmental organizations， volunteers and social workers all actively join in the cause. They cooperate well with the government in rescue work， such as medical work and supply delivery.
写前导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然灾害的影响、防灾减灾的重要性以及政府所采取的应对措施。
[精彩范文]
Over the past 20 years， natural disasters have caused huge losses to Chinese economy every year. (要点1) Therefore， disaster prevention and reduction is an important issue for China. In order to save lives and reduce losses， the Chinese government has taken the following effective measures. (要点2) Disaster information management， as an important part of disaster management， has been strengthened. (要点3) We have been raising public awareness of disaster prevention and reduction. Besides， we have improved the social disaster relief system. (要点4)
读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Summer was coming to an end and there was a bit of autumn in the air. The temperatures were getting cooler and cooler， the air was turning drier， and I could already see the first yellow and red leaves on the trees. It's my favorite season. The weather was neither too hot nor too cold， which made people feel very comfortable. You could see fruit everywhere. Therefore， I spent as much time as possible in the wild enjoying the beauty of nature.
One day， I had just finished taking my dogs for their morning walk when I noticed something. There was a young maple tree growing in my hallway. It was growing out of a tiny pile of earth on the porch (门廊). Its bottom hadn't even turned to wood yet， but it had three lovely red leaves growing out of it.
I smiled at this strong little tree getting so much growth and life out of so little soil. I knew， however， that it couldn't grow much larger where it was. I bent down (弯腰) and gently took it out of the earth. I took it inside to show my daughter and have her take a picture of it. Then I walked with it out to the edge of the woods around the grassland behind my house to find a home for it.
Walking into the forest， I had a wonderful feeling. Nature can teach us so much about life. There are so many wonders， growth， and beauty in it. You can't be out in it for long without being filled with wonder and respect.
I also took a moment to look at all the life around me. There were trees， bushes， weeds， flowers， butterflies， bees， spiders， and birds all so full of life. And I felt so happy that my behavior， however small， was helping do good to nature.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
I wanted to find a happy home for this young tree， to grow freely and strong. Following my daughter's suggestion， we built a garden to save plants.
5R解读故事
1.Read for characters (人物）
I， my__daughter
2.Read for conflict/problems (冲突/问题）
I wanted to find a__home for this young tree.
3.Read for plot (情节）
4.Read for emotional changes (情感变化）
The weather was neither too hot nor too cold and I felt very comfortable. I noticed a young maple tree growing out of a tiny pile of earth on the porch. I smiled at this strong little tree getting so much growth and life out of so little soil. I knew that it couldn't grow much larger where it was. Then I walked with it out to the edge of the woods to find a home for it. And I felt so happy that my behavior was helping do good to nature.
5.Read for theme (主题）
I found a young maple tree in autumn and wanted to find a home for it.
4步确定框架
Step 1：先写最后一句(主题句）
It__was__a__reminder__of__the__beauty__and__importance__of__nature，__and__a__symbol__of__our__commitment__to__protecting__it.
Step 2：再写衔接句(第一段的最后一句）
I__knew__that__this__little__tree__would__grow__strong__and__tall，__just__like__all__the__other__trees__in__the__forest.
Step 3：根据所给段首语句写角色的情感
第一段：
I searched for a good place patiently， then dug a small hole in the soft soil and placed the maple tree inside carefully.
第二段：
Our neighbour joined in. My daughter and I were very glad to find that our garden became a place where people came together， sharing stories and laughter.
Step 4：补全续写每段的中间内容
第一段：
I searched for a place where it could receive enough__sunlight__and__water， yet be protected from strong winds. Finally， I found a small clearing in the woods， surrounded by taller trees that would provide shade__and__protection. Carefully， I dug a small hole in the soft soil and placed the maple tree inside. The tree seemed happy in its new home， its leaves glistening in the sunlight.
第二段：
We collected seeds and seedlings from around the neighborhood， planting them in our small plot of land. We watered them regularly， watching them grow__and__bloom. It was a beautiful garden， full of life and color. Our__neighbors joined us， and soon， the whole community was involved. The garden became a place where people came together， sharing stories and laughter.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在秋天外出散步的时候注意到了一棵小枫树，它已长出了三片可爱的红叶。作者想给小枫树找一个安全的地方，希望它自由茁壮地生长。作者给小枫树找到家了吗？作者和女儿建了花园之后又会发生什么呢？
[精彩范文]
I wanted to find a happy home for this young tree， to grow freely and strong. I searched for a place where it could receive enough sunlight and water， yet be protected from strong winds. Finally， I found a small clearing in the woods， surrounded by taller trees that would provide shade and protection. Carefully， I dug a small hole in the soft soil and placed the maple tree inside. The tree seemed happy in its new home， its leaves glistening in the sunlight. I knew that this little tree would grow strong and tall， just like all the other trees in the forest.
Following my daughter's suggestion， we built a garden to save plants. We collected seeds and seedlings from around the neighborhood， planting them in our small plot of land. We watered them regularly， watching them grow and bloom. It was a beautiful garden， full of life and color. Our neighbors joined us， and soon， the whole community was involved. The garden became a place where people came together， sharing stories and laughter. It was a reminder of the beauty and importance of nature， and a symbol of our commitment to protecting it.
情节逻辑(范文和自己想的有何不同)
语言表达(原文和范文中有哪些表达更地道更准确) 1. 2. 3.
21(共93张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
Unit 6 At one with nature
单元主题：人与自然——人与自然和谐相外
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas (Reading & Writing) & Presenting ideas
预学检测 单词打卡
自主学习 课文语篇
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 硬核考点
3
课后课时作业
５
课堂作业 巩固内化
４
预学检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词
1.__________ n. 向日葵
2. ________ n. 屋顶
3. ________ n. 蓟
4. ________ n. (用于调味)香草
5. ________ n. 味，味道
sunflower
rooftop
thistle
herb
flavour
二、核心单词
1. ________ v. 出版
2. ________ adj. 内行的，专家的
3. ________ v. 租用，租借
4. ________ adj. 有限的
5. ________ n. 好处，益处
6. ________ n. 系统
publish
expert
rent
limited
benefit
system
三、拓展单词(可查字典）
1. ________ adj. 令人愉快的→________ v. 喜欢；(使)高兴，(使)满意→________ adj. 高兴的，喜欢的
2. ________ n. 力量，活力→________ adj. 精力充沛的→ _____________adv. 积极地；精力充沛地
pleasant
please
pleased
energy
energetic
energetically
四、熟词生义
branch 熟义：n. ________
生义：n. 分支；分部；分行；分店
v. 分岔
五、核心短语
______________ 高超的种植技能
树枝
green fingers
自主学习 课文语篇
1 引导_________从句
2 引导______从句
3 过去分词短语作_______，修饰名词the book The Secret Garden
4 引导_____从句
5 引导_______从句，作动词say的______
6 with复合结构作______
A Love of Gardening
热爱园艺
“If1 you look the right way， you can see that2 the whole world is a garden.” These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden， first published in 19113 . At that time， only the very rich in Britain had gardens. Very soon after this， homes with gardens began to be built. This is what4 started the British love of gardening！ Today， millions of Brits like to say that5 they have “green fingers”， with around half the population spending their free time gardening6 .
条件状语
课文三维剖析
宾语
定语
表语
宾语
宾语
状语
“如果从合适的角度去欣赏，你会发现整个世界就是一个花园。”《秘密花园》的作者曾这样说。这本书1911年首次出版，在当时的英国，只有富豪才拥有花园。不久之后，人们开始建造带有花园的房子，英国人对园艺的热爱就此开始！今天，数以百万的英国人喜欢说他们有“绿手指(意为擅长园艺）”，约有一半的英国人都把空闲时间用在打理花园上。
7 引导_______从句，作动词see的______
8 连接两个_______
9 引导___________从句
For many people in the UK， their garden is their own private world. Each spring， children plant sunflowers and wait to see which7 one is the tallest. Expert gardeners know just the right corner for roses， and8 others spend hours trying to grow perfect vegetables to enter into competitions. And while9 many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass， some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them.
宾语
宾语
并列句
让步状语
对于许多英国人来说，花园就是他们的私密世界。每年春天，孩子们种下向日葵，满怀期待地看谁种的长得最高。高明的园丁对于花园里哪个角落最合适种玫瑰都了如指掌，其他人则花费大量时间力图种出最完美的蔬菜参加竞赛。虽然许多英国人认为锄草是周日最棒的活动，但也有一些人只要能坐在树下享受周围世界的美丽就心满意足了。
10 作____，修饰名词land
11现在分词作_______
12连接并列成分_________和_______
But in cities， limited space has led to people looking for new solutions. Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which to grow things10 . Today， there are over 4，000 people in London waiting11 for such pieces of land. One recent idea has been to turn rooftops and12 walls into private gardens. These gardens have helped make the cities greener and improve air quality.
定语
定语
rooftops
walls
但在城市里，有限的空间促使人们寻找新的解决方案。住宅外部没有空间的居民可以租用小块土地种植作物。现如今，伦敦有四千多人在等待租用这样的土地。近期的一个理念是将屋顶和墙壁改造为私人花园。这些花园可以增加城市绿化面积、改善空气质量。
13引导__________从句
14作同位语，补充说明名词___________
As well as being good for the environment， gardening is also good for the soul. What other free time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things？ And if13 you're in any doubt about this， take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden： “Where you tend a rose ... A thistle cannot grow.14 ”
除了能改善环境，园艺还能净化心灵。还有什么其他业余活动能让你在享受自然的同时创造出更美丽的生物呢？如果你对这一点有任何疑问，请停下片刻，回味一下《秘密花园》中的这句话：“当你种下玫瑰，蓟草就不会生长。”
条件状语
this line
一、课文分段主旨大意
阅读领悟
beginning
different
cities
benefits
二、问题链
1.How do people in cities find the solution to grow things？
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
2.What kind of writing style does the passage belong to？
____________.
By renting small pieces of land and turning rooftops and walls into private gardens
Exposition
合作探究 硬核考点
1.expert adj. 内行的，专家的 n. 专家(教材P91）
be expert in/at ... 在……方面擅长
an expert on/in/at ... ……方面的专家
探究一 高频词
【语境感知】
①A musician is one who is expert in playing a musical instrument.
音乐家是擅长演奏某种乐器的人。
②She is an expert in child psychology.
她是儿童心理学专家。
【靶向小练】
①He is a well known expert _______ finance.
②He is expert _______ cooking delicious and cheap meals.
③他曾认为自己是这方面的专家。
_____________________________________________________________.
on/in/at
in/at
He used to consider himself an expert on/in/at the subject.
2.rent v. 租用，租借 n. 租金(教材P92）
→rental adj. 可供租用的 n. 出租；租金
(1)rent sth from sb 从某人处租用某物
rent out 租出
rent from 向……租
(2)for rent 出租；招租
【语境感知】
①Some farmers rent their land from the council.
一些农民从地方议会租用土地。
②There is a small apartment for rent near the school.
学校附近有一套小公寓出租。
【靶向小练】
①MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle ______ (rent) company in Amsterdam.
②He decided to rent ______ a room to get extra income.
③一对老夫妇上周从一位极好的绅士那里租了这所房子。
________________________________________________________________.
rental
out
An old couple rented the house from a wonderful gentleman last week
3.limited adj. 有限的(教材P92）
→limitless adj. 无限的
(1)reach the limit (of) 达到(……的)极限
(2)limit ... to ... 把……限制在……
(3)set a limit to ... 对……设定一个限度；为……设定界限
【语境感知】
①She has reached the limit of her patience.
她已经到了忍无可忍的地步。
②They limit the speed of cars to 50 kilometers per hour on this road.
他们把这条路上的车速限定为每小时50公里。
③The expenses should be limited to what you can really afford.
费用应该限制在你真正能负担的范围内。
④We set a limit to the expense of the trip.
我们为这次旅游的费用作出了限定。
【靶向小练】
①Once we found the place， it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the _______ (limit) time.
②There are _________ (limit) possibilities if you keep an open mind.
③Try to limit your speech _______ five minutes.
④你的文章将被限制在最多80个单词。
Your essay ______________________ a maximum of 80 words.
limited
limitless
to
will be limited to
4.benefit n. 好处，益处 v. 受益；有益于(教材P93）
→beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的；受益的
(1)for the benefit of ... ＝for one's benefit 为了……的利益
(2)benefit sb/sth 使某人/某物受益
benefit from/by ... 从……中受益/获益
be of benefit to ... 有益于……；对……有好处
(3)be beneficial to 对……有益处
【语境感知】
①The soldier lost his life for the benefit of his motherland.
这名士兵为了祖国的利益献出了生命。
②As we all know， books are the source of knowledge. I benefit a great deal from reading.
众所周知，书是知识的源泉。我从阅读中受益匪浅。
③Doing exercise every day is of great benefit to health.
每天做运动对健康大有好处。
benefit一般为不可数名词，但意为“具体的好处”时是可数名词，可用复数形式。
【靶向小练】
①Music education is _________ (benefit) and important to all the students.
②He believes what they are working on now is ______ the benefit of the people.
③摘水果的经历让我们受益良多，它教会我们劳动的重要性。
This fruit－picking experience ______________________________ and taught us the importance of working.(benefit n.)
＝__________________________ this fruit picking experience and it taught us the importance of working. (benefit v.)
＝This fruit picking experience _________________________ and taught us the importance of working. (beneficial)
beneficial
for
was of great benefit to us
We benefited a lot from
was quite beneficial to us
5.pleasant adj. 令人愉快的→________ v. 喜欢；(使）高兴，(使）满意→ ________ adj. 高兴的，喜欢的
【语境感知】
The students were extremely pleased when hearing the pleasant news.
听到这个令人愉快的消息，学生们都非常高兴。
探究二 拓展词
please
pleased
6.energy n. 力量，活力→___________ adj. 精力充沛的→ ____________ adv. 积极地；精力充沛地
【语境感知】
To keep energetic， he sets aside two hours a day to take exercise. That's why he is always full of energy.
为了保持精力充沛，他每天留出两小时锻炼身体。这就是为什么他总是充满活力。
energetic
energetically
【靶向小练】
①It was the _________ (please) surroundings and beautiful scenery that impressed all of us deeply.
②Young people are generally more ________ (energy) than the elders.
③在电梯里进行一段简短的谈话是令人愉快的。
_________________________________________________________________.
④她今天面带微笑，心情愉快，充满活力。(人物描写)
________________________________________________________________.
pleasant
energetic
It is pleasant to have a short conversation in the lift
She is smiling， cheerful and full of energy today
7.branch [熟义]n. 树枝
[生义]n. _______________________
v. ______
探究三 熟词生义
分支；分部；分行；分店
分岔
【语境感知】
①The branch was sticking up out of the water.
树枝从水中伸了出来。
②The bank has branches all over the country.
那家银行在全国各地设有分行。
③Our New York branch is dealing with the matter.
我们的纽约分部正在处理这件事。
④The accident happened where the road branches.
事故发生在道路分岔的地方。
【靶向小练】
①The coffee shop chain opened a new store near our school last month.汉语：______ 同义词： __________
②小路经过湖后向右分出一条岔道。
___________________________________________________________
③他将在离他工作地点最近的银行分行开立账户。
________________________________________________________________.
分店
branches
Just after the lake， the path branches off to the right.
He will open an account at the bank branch nearest to his workplace
8.And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass， some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them.(教材P92）
虽然许多英国人认为锄草是周日最棒的活动，但也有的人只要能坐在树下享受周围世界的美丽就心满意足了。
探究四 长难句分析
【分析】 while作并列连词时，连接前后两个并列分句，表示对比，意为“而，却”。
(1)引导时间状语从句时，意为“当……的时候”，从句谓语必须用延续性动词。
(2)引导让步状语从句时，多位于句首，意为“尽管，虽然”。
【语境感知】
①Cloning plants is simple while cloning animals is very complicated.
克隆植物很简单，而克隆动物是非常复杂的。
②While the discussion was going on， George came in.
当讨论正在进行的时候，乔治走了进来。
③While I admit his good points， I can see his shortcomings.
尽管我承认他的优点，但我还是能看到他的缺点。
【靶向小练】
①He likes playing basketball _______ I like listening to music.
② _______ the problems are difficult， I can solve them.
③当他正在读报纸的时候，听到有人敲门。(动作描写)
__________________________________________________________________.
while
While
While he was reading the newspaper， he heard someone knocking at the door
课堂作业 巩固内化
Ⅰ.写出单词
1.He works for a company that __________ (出版) reference books.
2.Below us you could glimpse the __________ (屋顶) of a few small villages.
3.The climate is a complex ________ (系统)； global warming adds its uncertainty.
4.She keeps her __________ (私人的) thoughts and feelings to herself most of the time.
5.Mark needs to learn Chinese since his company is opening a __________ (分店) in Beijing.
publishes
rooftops
system
private
branch
6.Foods which go through a factory process lose much of their colour， __________ and texture.
7.After being trained for some time， the children became ________ at holding their breath under water.
8.People often use __________ as the symbol of strength.
9.However， Tu Youyou had an idea that Chinese _______ might hold the secret.
10.As I walked through the field， my pants got caught on a ________ ， and I had to stop to free myself.
flavour
expert
sunflowers
herbs
thistle
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Who exactly stands to benefit __________ these changes？
2. __________ I like the color of the hat， I do not like its shape.
3.The girl about _______ we are talking is our new classmate.
4.Lack of sleep can lead _______ poor concentration at work.
5.A friend drove her to Atlanta， where she picked up a ________ (rent) car.
from/by
While
whom
to
rental
6.Therefore， we should both __________ (beauty) the campus environment and create a campus culture.
7.She's expert _______ making cheap but stylish clothes.
8.As a nation， our ____________ (consume) of junk food is horrifying.
9.The book ______ which I spent 20 yuan is very interesting.
10.She never hesitates to lend a __________ (help) hand to her classmates who are having trouble with their studies.
beautify
in/at
consumption
on
helping
Ⅲ.语段填词
1.She has a ________ attitude towards challenges. She always approaches problems __________ and tries her best to solve them. (positive)
2.The boundless ________ of the young athletes was evident as they sprinted across the field with an __________ fervor that invigorated the entire stadium. _____________ ， they continued to train even after the game， determined to improve their skills. (energy)
positive
positively
energy
energetic
Energetically
3.Regular exercise brings many __________ to our health. It is __________ for both our physical and mental well－being. (beneficial)
4.A beautiful garden always brings a __________ feeling. It __________ the eye and makes people relax. Visitors strolling through the garden are often ________ by the fragrant flowers. (please)
5.Our time is ________. So we must ______ our discussion to the most important points. However， our imagination and the potential solutions we can come up with are __________. (limit)
benefits
beneficial
pleasant
pleases
pleased
limited
limit
limitless
Ⅳ.翻译
1.My father loves to grow vegetables and has always had _____________ (高超的种植技能).
2.As Confucius put it， we should ___________________ (反省自己) three times each day.
3.The doctor __________________________ (可能允许她回去工作) next week.
4.有些人浪费食物，而有些人却吃不饱。(while表示转折)
____________________________________________________________.
5.多做运动对你的健康大有好处。(benefit n.)
______________________________________________________________.
green fingers
reflect on ourselves
may allow her to return to work
Some people waste food while others don't have enough to eat
Taking plenty of exercise can be of great benefit to your health
课后课时作业
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比40%) 拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★★★
Ⅰ 阅读
Qibao Ancient Village
Qibao， located in the center of Minhang District， Shanghai， is a village with a history of one thousand years. In the village， wine and tea are served on old fashioned square tables together with long benches， long mouth copper pots and flat end chopstick used. The most famous snacks in old Shanghai are square pastry， rice wine and steamed salted pork in wine.
Entrance Ticket： 45 yuan per all in one ticket (preferable price of 30 yuan is available now)， covering almost all tourist attractions inside the village.
Telephone： 021－21087225
Jinshan Village of Farmer Painting
Villagers skillfully make good use of folk arts such as printing and dyeing， embroidery (刺绣)， wood carving. They take the various folk customs and the busy scenes of labor of villagers in the lower Changjiang valley as the theme of paintings and create farmer paintings in a simple style.
Entrance Ticket： 30 yuan/person
Telephone： 021－57355555
Merry Countryside Tour in Zhonghua Village
The village provides tourists with accommodations， tours， chess， cards， fitness and entertainment through renting out separate farmhouse and sells tourist products and agricultural by products related to the merry countryside tour.
Entrance Ticket： Free
Telephone： 021－57395433
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了上海的四个以乡村生活为主题的景点。
Pudong Lingkong Agric Gardening
It is one of Shanghai countryside tour scenic spots， which features art of teapots， crop plantation and export. The Geological Science Popularization Hall stores up tens of thousands of rare stones collected all over the world.
Entrance Ticket： 50 yuan/person
Telephone： 021－33935557
1.What can you do when you are in Qibao？
A.Enter the village for free.
B.See busy scenes of labor of villagers.
C.Experience various folk customs.
D.Taste steamed salted pork in wine.
解析：细节理解题。根据Qibao Ancient Village部分中的“The most famous ... pork in wine.(老上海最著名的小吃是方形糕点、米酒和糟肉。）”可知，游客在七宝古村落能够品尝糟肉。故选D。
2.Where should you go if you are interested in stone collecting？
A.Jinshan Village.
B.Qibao Ancient Village.
C.Zhonghua Village.
D.Pudong Lingkong Agric Gardening.
解析：推理判断题。根据Pudong Lingkong Agric Gardening部分中的“The Geological Science ... all over the world. (地质科普馆收藏了数以万计的来自世界各地的珍稀石头。）”可推知，如果对收集石头感兴趣，你应该去 Pudong Lingkong Agric Gardening。故选D。
3.What theme is shared by the four tours？
A.City developments. B.Countryside life.
C.Traditional customs. D.Agricultural achievements.
解析:细节理解题。根据Qibao Ancient Village部分中的“Qibao， located in ... thousand years. (七宝位于上海市闵行区的中心，是一个有着千年历史的村庄。）”，Jinshan Village of Farmer Painting部分中的“Villagers skillfully ... wood carving. (村民们巧妙地利用印染、刺绣、木雕等民间艺术。）”，Merry Countryside Tour in Zhonghua Village部分中的“The village ... countryside tour. (通过单独出租农家乐，为游客提供住宿、旅游、棋牌、健身、娱乐等服务，还销售与快乐乡村旅游相关的旅游产品和农副产品。）”以及Pudong Lingkong Agric Gardening部分中的“It is ... and export. (它是上海乡村旅游景点之一，以茶壶艺术、农作物种植和出口为特色。）”可知，这四个景点的共同主题是乡村生活。故选B。
Ⅱ 七选五
Many people think of sharks as dangerous monsters. But human beings cause a far greater danger to them than they do to us. Although shark attacks do occur， they are quite rare. According to one estimate， however， humans kill 100 million sharks every year. __1__
Why should we save the sharks？
Sharks take up the top position on the food chain in the ocean. As sharks die off， the population of the animals that sharks consume will increase. This， in turn， means that the number of the creatures those animals eat will drop. __2__ Fish that eat algae (藻类) are also included. This can cause algae to spread so much that it damages coral reefs.
__3__ The ocean not only produces more oxygen than all the rainforests on Earth combined， but also removes half of the man made greenhouse gas from the atmosphere. Once sharks die off， the global ecosystem will be upset， affecting all creatures including human beings.
Don't use shark products.
First， vitamin energy drinks and leather goods can be made from shark parts. __4__ In addition， shark meat is sold around the world， sometimes under misleading names such as rock salmon or whitefish. Shark fin soup is a popular dish. However， the process of getting fins is cruel. Fishermen cut the shark's fins off and then throw the shark back into the water， still alive. __5__ Sharks breathe by swimming， so a shark that can't swim will die.
A.It is time for children to learn about sharks.
B.Shark oil is also used in many popular beauty products.
C.Then the shark dies slowly， sometimes over several days.
D.Actually， the killing of sharks will affect the whole planet.
E.People in some countries are especially keen on shark products.
F.Among them are some sea fish that humans consume every day.
G.This number is a warning that many kinds of sharks may die out.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了鲨鱼数量减少对全球的生态系统的影响，从而呼吁大家保护鲨鱼，拒绝使用鲨鱼产品。
1.答案：G
解析：根据前文“According to one estimate， however， humans kill 100 million sharks every year.(然而，据估计，人类每年杀死1亿只鲨鱼。）”可知，G项(这个数字是一个警告，许多种类的鲨鱼可能会灭绝。）承接前文，其中的“This number”与前文中的“100 million”相呼应。故选G。
2.答案：F
解析：根据前文“As sharks ... eat will drop.(随着鲨鱼的灭绝，鲨鱼捕食的动物数量将会增加。反过来，这意味着这些动物捕食的生物数量将会下降。）”可知，此处是对数量下降的生物进行举例，F项(其中有一些是人类每天食用的海鱼。）承接前文。故选F。
3.答案：D
解析：根据后文“Once sharks die off ... human beings.(一旦鲨鱼灭绝，全球生态系统将被破坏，影响到包括人类在内的所有生物。）”可知，此处是指鲨鱼灭绝会影响全球生态系统，D项(事实上，捕杀鲨鱼会影响整个地球。）引出后文。故选D。
4.答案：B
解析：根据前文“First， vitamin energy ... shark parts.(首先，维生素能量饮料和皮革制品可以用鲨鱼的身体部位制成。）”可知，B项(鲨鱼油也被用于许多流行的美容产品中。）与前文并列，说明鲨鱼的用途。故选B。
5.答案：C
解析：根据前文“However， the process ... still alive.(然而，获取鱼鳍的过程是残酷的。渔民们割下鲨鱼的鳍，然后把还活着的鲨鱼扔回水中。）”和后文“Sharks breathe by swimming， so a shark that can't swim will die.(鲨鱼靠游泳呼吸，所以不能游泳的鲨鱼将会死去。）”可知，此处是指在被获取鱼鳍后鲨鱼会渐渐死去，C项(然后鲨鱼慢慢死去，有时会持续几天。）承前启后。故选C。
Ⅲ 应用文写作
假定你们要开一个以“Protecting Our Environment”为题的主题班会，请你写一篇关于环境保护的发言稿，要点如下：
1.目前环境面临的威胁；
2.保护环境的可行措施；
3.保护环境的意义。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear fellows，
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
[精彩范文]
Dear fellows，
With the development of industry and agriculture， environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world.
Vast forests have been cut down and waste water has been poured continuously into rivers. Furthermore， the whole ecological balance of nature is changing. The environmental destruction has negative effects on man's existence. It's high time that we should take action to cope with environmental problems. For instance， the industrial enterprises should comply with the regulations regarding industrial development. Besides， public awareness of environmental protection should be spread via the media.
We hope that these measures will be effective and bring us a better future.
本单元的写作任务是概要写作，主题是人与自然。概要写作是在正确理解文章的基础上，在不改变原文的中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，省去不必要的细节，用简明、精炼的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。人与自然类的概要写作具体可涉及人对自然资源的改造利用以及由此带来的问题、人与动物之间的矛盾冲突等，最后通常归纳总结为人与自然应和谐相处。
单元写作
单元写作——概要写作
Firstly， ________________________ (要点1). What's more __________________ (要点2). Besides， ____________________ (要点3). In short， ________________________ (要点4).
1.Nowadays， more and more people realize it's important to protect the environment.
如今，越来越多的人意识到保护环境的重要性。
2.The passage/author highlights the importance of ecological protection.
本文/作者强调了生态保护的重要性。
3.There is no doubt that China is playing a more and more important part in the protection of the nature world.
毫无疑问，中国在保护自然环境方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。
4.When it comes to pollution， the chemical industry is a major offender.
谈到环境污染问题，化工企业是一大祸害。
5.The destruction of the rainforests is an ecological disaster.
雨林遭到破坏是一种生态灾难。
6.The survival of whales is bound up with the health of the ocean.
鲸鱼的生存与海洋的健康密切相关。
7.This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.
因栖息地正遭到破坏，这一物种已濒临灭绝。
8.These gases cause untold damage to the environment.
这些气体对环境造成难以估计的破坏。
9.This species of bird is decreasing in numbers every year.
这种鸟类的数量在逐年减少。
10.I believe that every small effort counts， and together， we can make a difference in preserving our environment for future generations.
我相信，每一个小小的努力都很重要，只要我们齐心协力，就能为子孙后代在保护环境方面发挥作用。
11.The text tells us a fact that destroying habitat of animals does great harm to the earth.
这篇文章告诉我们一个事实，破坏动物的栖息地对地球有很大的危害。
12.If we take these measures， I'm sure they will be of great benefit to the natural environment.
如果我们采取这些措施，我确信它们将对自然环境大有裨益。
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60个词左右的内容概要。
For nearly 20 years， natural disasters yearly affected about 300 million people and destroyed more than 3 million buildings， causing great damage to China's economy. Therefore， the disaster prevention and reduction is an important issue for China. To save lives and reduce losses， the Chinese government has taken the following effective measures.
As an important part， the management on disaster information has been strengthened. So far， China has realized the 24 hour monitoring (监控) of disasters all over the country and established an early warning system. These are particularly important to save lives， especially in the case of an earthquake. According to Chengdu High tech Disaster Reduction Institute， even a three second early warning can reduce deaths and injuries by 14 percent.
Besides， the Chinese government has been raising the public's awareness of disaster prevention and reduction in an all round way. Disaster related knowledge has been included in school textbooks， and general education about disaster prevention and reduction has been given to the public. For example， in the wake of Wenchuan earthquake， the Chinese government decided to make May 12th “Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day”. Every year， a series of publicity activities is organized with rich content and different forms.
Apart from that， the Chinese government has improved social disaster relief system. Concerning relief efforts， the Chinese government has set up a social donation system. This encourages all industries of society to make donations. In addition， related volunteer service has been developed. Under the guidance of the Chinese government， non governmental organizations， volunteers and social workers all actively join in the cause. They cooperate well with the government in rescue work， such as medical work and supply delivery.
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
写前导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然灾害的影响、防灾减灾的重要性以及政府所采取的应对措施。
[精彩范文]
Over the past 20 years， natural disasters have caused huge losses to Chinese economy every year. (要点1) Therefore， disaster prevention and reduction is an important issue for China. In order to save lives and reduce losses， the Chinese government has taken the following effective measures. (要点2) Disaster information management， as an important part of disaster management， has been strengthened. (要点3) We have been raising public awareness of disaster prevention and reduction. Besides， we have improved the social disaster relief system. (要点4)
读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Summer was coming to an end and there was a bit of autumn in the air. The temperatures were getting cooler and cooler， the air was turning drier， and I could already see the first yellow and red leaves on the trees. It's my favorite season. The weather was neither too hot nor too cold， which made people feel very comfortable. You could see fruit everywhere. Therefore， I spent as much time as possible in the wild enjoying the beauty of nature.
One day， I had just finished taking my dogs for their morning walk when I noticed something. There was a young maple tree growing in my hallway. It was growing out of a tiny pile of earth on the porch (门廊). Its bottom hadn't even turned to wood yet， but it had three lovely red leaves growing out of it.
I smiled at this strong little tree getting so much growth and life out of so little soil. I knew， however， that it couldn't grow much larger where it was. I bent down (弯腰) and gently took it out of the earth. I took it inside to show my daughter and have her take a picture of it. Then I walked with it out to the edge of the woods around the grassland behind my house to find a home for it.
Walking into the forest， I had a wonderful feeling. Nature can teach us so much about life. There are so many wonders， growth， and beauty in it. You can't be out in it for long without being filled with wonder and respect.
I also took a moment to look at all the life around me. There were trees， bushes， weeds， flowers， butterflies， bees， spiders， and birds all so full of life. And I felt so happy that my behavior， however small， was helping do good to nature.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
I wanted to find a happy home for this young tree， to grow freely and strong.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
Following my daughter's suggestion， we built a garden to save plants. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
5R解读故事
1.Read for characters (人物）
I， _______________
2.Read for conflict/problems (冲突/问题）
I wanted to find _________ for this young tree.
my daughter
a home
3.Read for plot (情节）
4.Read for emotional changes (情感变化）
The weather was neither too hot nor too cold and I felt very _______________. I noticed a young maple tree growing out of a tiny pile of earth on the porch. I ________ at this strong little tree getting so much growth and life out of so little soil. I knew that it couldn't grow much larger where it was. Then I walked with it out to the edge of the woods to find a home for it. And I felt so ________ that my behavior was helping do good to nature.
5.Read for theme (主题）
I found a young maple tree in autumn and wanted to find a home for it.
comfortable
smiled
happy
4步确定框架
Step 1：先写最后一句(主题句）
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
Step 2：再写衔接句(第一段的最后一句）
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
It was a reminder of the beauty and importance of nature， and a symbol of our commitment to protecting it
I knew that this little tree would grow strong and tall， just like all the other trees in the forest
Step 3：根据所给段首语句写角色的情感
第一段：
I searched for a good place _______， then dug a small hole in the soft soil and placed the maple tree inside __________.
第二段：
Our neighbour joined in. My daughter and I were very _______ to find that our garden became a place where people came together， sharing stories and _________.
patiently
carefully
glad
laughter
Step 4：补全续写每段的中间内容
第一段：
I searched for a place where it could receive ______________________________， yet be protected from strong winds. Finally， I found a small clearing in the woods， surrounded by taller trees that would provide ____________________. Carefully， I dug a small hole in the soft soil and placed the maple tree inside. The tree seemed happy in its new home， its leaves glistening in the sunlight.
enough sunlight and water
shade and protection
第二段：
We collected seeds and seedlings from around the neighborhood， planting them in our small plot of land. We watered them regularly， watching them _________________. It was a beautiful garden， full of life and color. ______________ joined us， and soon， the whole community was involved. The garden became a place where people came together， sharing stories and laughter.
grow and bloom
Our neighbors
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在秋天外出散步的时候注意到了一棵小枫树，它已长出了三片可爱的红叶。作者想给小枫树找一个安全的地方，希望它自由茁壮地生长。作者给小枫树找到家了吗？作者和女儿建了花园之后又会发生什么呢？
[精彩范文]
I wanted to find a happy home for this young tree， to grow freely and strong. I searched for a place where it could receive enough sunlight and water， yet be protected from strong winds. Finally， I found a small clearing in the woods， surrounded by taller trees that would provide shade and protection. Carefully， I dug a small hole in the soft soil and placed the maple tree inside. The tree seemed happy in its new home， its leaves glistening in the sunlight. I knew that this little tree would grow strong and tall， just like all the other trees in the forest.
Following my daughter's suggestion， we built a garden to save plants. We collected seeds and seedlings from around the neighborhood， planting them in our small plot of land. We watered them regularly， watching them grow and bloom. It was a beautiful garden， full of life and color. Our neighbors joined us， and soon， the whole community was involved. The garden became a place where people came together， sharing stories and laughter. It was a reminder of the beauty and importance of nature， and a symbol of our commitment to protecting it.
情节逻辑(范文和自己想的有何不同)
语言表达(原文和范文中有哪些表达更地道更准确) 1.
2.
3.
