2025 年全国高考二卷英语真题
一、阅读理解
English Market Towns to Visit in the UK
English market towns come in many shapes and sizes. Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services
produced and traded for centuries. But each town has more to do than shop.
Hereford, Herefordshire
Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries,
and the Black and White House Museum. The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to
an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
Ludlow, Shropshire
Ludlow is known as the Foodie Center of England. Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the
town square. Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold. The three-day Ludlow Food
Festival is held each September.
Shrewsbury, Shropshire
Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety. The River Severn has a
significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market
where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. Flowers are everywhere-hanging baskets, window
boxes, and planters-just what you imagine in an attractive English market town.
Mevagissey, Cornwall
Even if you haven’t been to the small fishing village Mevagissey, you’ve probably seen it in a movie or British TV
show. The working harbor (港口) took shape in 1774. Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side
markets. Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie. It’s delicious.
1．Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta
A．In the Ludlow Castle. B．In the Foodie Center of England.
C．In the Hereford Cathedral. D．In the Black and White House Museum.
2．What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Center
A．It’s situated near a big island. B．It’s almost surrounded by water.
C．It’s known for its flower festival. D．It’s easily accessible from London.
3．What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey
A．Try the Cornish pie. B．Watch a British TV show.
C．Go fishing in the sea. D．Take pictures of the harbor.
Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like
saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that’s not really what it is
here.”
“Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of
parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others
are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an
increasingly important component of care.
Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared
about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an
adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.”
There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get
lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express
sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their
schoolwork.”
Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. “I
actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good, director of pain management services
at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep
those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.”
4．Who does Ho teach at LPCH
A．Sick children. B．Young nurses.
C．Medical students. D．Patients’ parents.
5．What is a characteristic of Ho’s job
A．Prioritizing academics. B．Encouraging innovation.
C．Treating various diseases. D．Playing multiple roles.
6．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4
A．Offering regular lessons. B．Paying extra attention.
C．Assigning no schoolwork. D．Showing no sympathy.
7．How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good
A．It eases peer pressure. B．It helps them live in hope.
C．It frees them from aches. D．It entertains them with stories.
When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the
opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out
more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the
houseplant industry.
“Plants are in fashion right now,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida. “People who
live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says. “Adding more nature to our environment
can change our mood and how we think.” Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by
decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body.
“Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,”
says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30%
decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.”
If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding
yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. “Doctors practice medicine and lawyers
practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in
patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says.
8．How was Detrinidad’s business when it started
A．It faced tough competition. B．It suffered a great loss.
C．It got lots of financial support. D．It went surprisingly well.
9．What is one of Knuth’s findings about plants
A．They appeal more to students. B．They purify the environment.
C．They raise the cortisol level. D．They enhance productivity.
10．What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers
A．The necessity of social skills. B．The meaning of sustainability.
C．The importance of repeated efforts. D．The value of professional opinions.
11．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Time to Replace Houseplants B．Plants Boost Your Mood
C．Tips on Choosing Houseplants D．Plants Brighten Your Home
Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food Mine does. Maybe that feeling comes from
growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable
reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time.
Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. From technological
solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already
growing. But last month, one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way: It changed its menu to exclusively (专
门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away.
For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED, and served items like fried
skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad. Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness
regarding food waste.
A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for
every $1,000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out.
Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical
conclusion.
It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the
ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things
like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a
number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine.
Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill
has since returned to its regular menu. Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of
sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything.
12．What can be inferred about the author’s early life
A．He witnessed food shortage. B．He enjoyed the local cuisine.
C．He donated food to Africans. D．He helped to cook at home.
13．Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment
A．To customize dishes for guests. B．To make the public aware of food waste.
C．To test a food processing method. D．To improve the UK’s zero-waste systems.
14．What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A．Why the ingredients were used. B．Which dishes were best liked.
C．What the dishes were made of. D．Where the ingredients were bought.
15．What can we learn about wastED
A．It has ended as planned. B．It is creating new jobs.
C．It has regained popularity. D．It is criticized by top chefs.
Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family
Are you looking for a way to bring your family together Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little
ones and adults 16 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more
unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
●You’ll feel like you have more time.
People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes
actually makes you feel like you have more of it. 17
●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly.
18 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained
overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more
focused on adding physical activity into their lives.
● 19
Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and
increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in the years
to come.
●You’ll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. 20 Everyone
brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks for every age and
ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.
A．Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B．Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C．Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E．For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F．You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.
G．Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
二、完形填空
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 21 seven years ago after having a 22
call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 23 led her to getting surgery. After that
experience, she knew that she needed to make a 24 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work
out and follow a 25 lifestyle, before discovering a 26 for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the 27 lover has not only managed to 28 an impressive set of muscles
— but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 29 others can’t look this good.
She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a 30 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 31
others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 32 .” She previously explained that “you do not need
to have an amazing body to exercise... the 33 is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 34 wrong in the best
possible way and has indeed become an 35 for many social media users.
21．A．write B．travel C．exercise D．recover
22．A．goodwill B．timeout C．long-distance D．wake-up
23．A．normally B．ultimately C．suddenly D．automatically
24．A．change B．fortune C．wish D．deal
25．A．risky B．traditional C．comfortable D．healthy
26．A．demand B．secret C．passion D．cure
27．A．peace B．fitness C．fun D．nature
28．A．grow B．control C．activate D．relax
29．A．need B．choice C．reason D．difference
30．A．green light B．road block C．passing mark D．stepping stone
31．A．Help B．Consult C．Follow D．Forgive
32．A．accepted B．shared C．expected D．celebrated
33．A．goal B．case C．duty D．cost
34．A．instructors B．admirers C．beginners D．doubters
35．A．authority B．excuse C．inspiration D．option
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China
with my Chinese husband and his family, 36 bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens
are always free-range, and 37 (center) heating doesn’t exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me 38 this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I
would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt 39 learn in a new environment. Over
time, I’ve found 40 (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really
surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 41 (be) one of them. Growing up,
my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance 42 (discover) one of
the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes
smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 43 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky 44
(afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 45 (leave) to sun for a day, well,
you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是校英文报编辑李华，外教 Chris 上个月答应写一篇介绍加拿大体育运动的文章。请给 Chris 写一封邮
件，内容包括：
(1)询问进展；
(2)提醒交稿时间。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为 80 个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
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Best wishes,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“What is your name ” is a question most frequently asked when people meet for the first time. But for me, it was the
first challenge I encountered as an international student in Ireland.
The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different from that of English. For native speakers of
English, some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce. My given name Qiuyu (秋雨), for instance, happened to be a
great challenge for many of them. Every time I gave a self-introduction, I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least
five times, yet they still could not say it the way I did.
Once in a lecture, the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates. I really
did not know whether I should continue correcting him or simply drop the matter. I feared that my classmates might grow
tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me. After all, I did care about how others would think of me. I realized that if I
didn’t stop, the entire lecture would be ruined. “It’s okay, professor,” I shrugged (耸肩). The awkward moment ended with
the class erupting into laughter. I forced a smile, unsure how to respond further.
After that incident, I stopped acting as a “Chinese teacher.” Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to
pronounce my name, I just smiled and nodded approvingly. This approach spared me the discomfort of having to
over-explain. However, I soon found that by doing so, I might be losing something more important: the opportunity to share
a small part of my cultural identity.
注意：
(1) 续写词数应为 150 个左右；
(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name.
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Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class.
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_______________________________________________________________________________2025年高考英语全国二卷重点词汇
重点词汇
阅读
A 篇
1. market town n.集镇
2. personality n.特色；个性
3. eatery n. 餐馆
4. cathedral n. 大教堂
5. impressive adj.令人印象深刻的
6. ancient adj. 古老的
7. original adj. 原始的；最初的
8. display v.展示
9. butcher n.肉贩
10. greengrocer n.蔬菜水果商
11. border v.与……接壤
12. medieval adj.中世纪的
13. stronghold n. 要塞；堡垒
14. challenging adj. 有挑战性的
15. anxiety n. 焦虑；麻烦
16. significant adj. 显著的；重要的
17. highway n. 公路；（此指）交通要道
18. planter n. 花盆；种植箱
19. attractive adj. 有吸引力的
20. harbor n. 港口
21. traditional adj. 传统的
22. delicious adj. 美味的
23. situated adj. 坐落于
24. accessible adj. 可到达的；易进入的
e in many shapes and sizes 形态各异
26. Magna Carta （英国）大宪章
27. Foodie Center 美食中心
28. line the town square 在城镇广场沿街排开
29. a “must explore” 一个必去探索的（地方）
30. worth the anxiety 值得费一番周折
31. hanging baskets 悬挂花篮
32. window boxes 窗台花箱
33. fishing village 渔村
34. take shape 成形
35. go out to sea 出海
36. harbor-side 港口边的
37. Cornish pie 康沃尔馅饼
B 篇
1. patient n. 病人
2. procedure n. 程序；（医疗）处置
3. recover v. 康复
4. increasingly adv. 越来越
5. component n. 组成部分
6. academics n. 学术；学业
7. priority n. 优先事项
8. adviser n. 顾问；导师
9. comforter n. 安慰者
10. assignment n. 作业；任务
11. sympathy n. 同情
12. disservice n.损害；伤害；危害；中伤
13. recognize v. 认识到；承认
14. psychological adj. 心理的
15. peer n. 同龄人
16. director n.主任；主管
17. characteristic n. 特征
18. prioritize v. 优先考虑
19. innovation n. 创新
20. entertain v. 使娱乐
21. get in their minds an idea of 在脑海中形成一个关于……的看法
22. medical procedures 医疗程序
23. return to school 返回学校
e first 居于首位
25. physical health 身体健康
26. mental health 心理健康
27. at any given time 在任何时候
28. home school （学生）原来的学校
29. express sympathy 表达同情
30. pain management 疼痛管理
31. problem-solving 解决问题
32. have a full life 拥有充实的生活
33. keep dreams alive 让梦想延续
34. play multiple roles 扮演多重角色
35. ease peer pressure 缓解同伴压力
36. live in hope 活在希望中
37. free sb. from aches 使某人摆脱痛苦
C 篇
1. houseplant n.室内植物
2. opposite n. 相反的情况
3. flood v. （使）充斥；淹没
4. explosion n. 激增；爆发
5. industry n. 行业；产业
6. fashion n. 时尚；流行
7. researcher n. 研究员
8. satisfaction n. 满意度
9. mood n. 心情
10. decrease v. 减少
11. cortisol n. 皮质醇（一种压力激素）
12. hormone n. 激素
13. academically adv. 在学业上
14. productivity n. 生产力；效率
15. translate into 转化为
16. workplace n.工作场所
17. sustain v. 维持；使……存活
18. patience n. 耐心
petition n. 竞争
20. financial adj. 金融的；财务的
21. appeal v. 吸引
22. purify v. 净化
23. enhance v. 提高；增强
24. necessity n.必要性
25. sustainability n. 可持续性
26. professional adj.专业的
27. online shop 网店
28. have high hopes for 对……寄予厚望
29. ship out 运出；寄出
30. lead to 导致
31. in fashion 正流行
32. plant-rich environment 植物丰富的环境
33. life satisfaction rating 生活满意度评分
34. state of mind 心态
35. stress hormone 压力荷尔蒙
36. perform better 表现更好
37. sick leave 病假
38. mental and physical health benefits 身心健康益处
39. surround oneself with 用……环绕自己
40. beat yourself up 苛责自己
41. make it 成功存活
42. practice medicine 行医
43. practice law 从事律师行业
44. tend to 照料
45. an exercise in patience 一种对耐心的锻炼
46. be invested in 投入于
47. suffer a great loss 遭受巨大损失
48. repeated efforts 反复的努力
49. boost your mood 提升你的心情
50. brighten your home 点亮你的家
D 篇
1. soul n. 灵魂
2. unused adj. 未使用的
3. uncomfortable adj.令人不舒服的
4. reminder n.提醒
5. concern n.担忧；关切
6. supermarket n. 超市
7. technological adj.科技的
8. solution n.解决方案
9. campaign n.运动；活动
10. exclusively adv.专门地；唯一地
11. otherwise adv. 否则；在其他方面
12. rename v. 重新命名
13. cartilage n.软骨
14. pulp n.（果蔬的）浆
15. dumpster n. 大型垃圾箱
16. alliance n. 联盟
17. determine v. 确定；查明
18. generate v. 产生
19. revenue n. 收入；收益
20. donate v. 捐赠
21. recycle v. 回收利用
22. experiment v. 试验
23. logical adj. 合乎逻辑的
24. conclusion n. 结论
25. technically adv. 严格来说；技术上
26. garbage n. 垃圾
27. ingredient n. （食品的）配料；成分
28. produce n. 农产品
29. reject v. 丢弃；拒绝
30. re-appropriate v. 重新利用
31. cuisine n. 菜肴；烹饪
32. enthusiastic adj. 热情的
33. nevertheless adv. 然而
34. address v. 解决；处理
35. witness v. 目睹
36. customize v. 定制
37. criticize v. 批评
38. throw away 扔掉
39. grow up 成长
40. food waste 食物浪费
41. supply chain 供应链
42. tailor-made 量身定做的
43. raise awareness regarding 提升关于……的意识
44. Food Waste Alliance 食物浪费联盟
45. be thrown out 被扔掉
46. zero-waste system 零浪费系统
47. take sth. to its logical conclusion 将某概念推向其逻辑终点
48. meat cuts 切下的肉块
49. kale ribs 羽衣甘蓝的梗
50. fish collars 鱼领（鱼头后部肉）
51. cucumber butts 黄瓜头尾
52. short-lived experiment 短暂的实验
53. serve as a reminder 作为一种提醒
54. make a meal out of 用……做成一顿饭
55. food shortage 食物短缺
56. local cuisine 当地美食
57. carry out 执行；开展
58. make the public aware of 让公众意识到
59. end as planned 按计划结束
语言运用
完形填空
1. struggle v. 挣扎；努力
2. disorder n. 紊乱；失调
3. ultimately adv. 最终
4. surgery n. 外科手术
5. determined adj. 下定决心的
6. passion n. 激情；热爱
7. weightlifting n. 举重
8. fitness n. 健康；健美
9. impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的
10. muscle n. 肌肉
11. failure n. 失败
12. consult v. 咨询
13. doubter n. 怀疑者
14. inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人
15. authority n. 权威
16. wake-up call 警钟；警告
17. eating disorder 饮食失调
18. make a change 做出改变
19. turn one’s life around 使某人生活彻底改变
20. work out 健身
21. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
22. set out on the journey 踏上征程
23. social media 社交媒体
24. be down to 归结于
25. key aspect 关键方面
26. hold on 坚持
27. consider ... as ... 把……看作……
28. stepping stone 垫脚石
29. stick to 坚持
30. lift others up 鼓励他人；帮助他人
31. prove sb. wrong 证明某人是错的
32. in the best possible way 以最好的方式
语法填空
1. countryside n. 乡村
2. bamboo n. 竹子
3. bush n. 灌木
4. central adj. 中央的
5. exist v. 存在
6. imagine v. 想象
7. adapt v. 适应
8. environment n. 环境
9. extremely adv. 极其
10. scent n. 香味
11. freshly adv. 新鲜地
12. clothesline n. 晾衣绳
13. deny v. 剥夺；拒绝给予
14. wonder n. 奇妙之物
15. pleasant adj. 令人愉快的
16. absence n. 缺席；缺少
17. smog n. 雾霾
18. sheet n. 床单
19. be born and raised in ... 生于……长于……
20. grow wild 野生
21. free-range 自由放养的
22. central heating 中央供暖
23. prepare for 为……做准备
24. to be sure 诚然；的确
25. over time 随着时间的推移
26. find oneself doing sth. 发现自己不知不觉地在做某事
27. at home 自在；舒适
28. in the process 在此过程中
29. at times 有时
30. sun-dried 晒干的
31. thanks to 多亏了
32. plenty of 大量的
33. fresh air 新鲜空气
34. miss out on 错过
写作部分
1. progress n. 进展
2. remind v. 提醒
3. deadline n. 截止日期
4. contribution n. 稿件；贡献
5. challenge n. 挑战
6. encounter v. 遇到
7. pronunciation n. 发音
8. native speaker n. 母语者
9. instance n. 例子
10. lecture n. 讲座
11. shrug v. 耸肩
12. awkward adj. 尴尬的
13. erupt v. 爆发
14. incident n. 事件
15. approvingly adv. 赞许地
16. discomfort n. 不适
17. opportunity n. 机会
18. identity n. 身份
19. discussion n. 讨论
20. for the first time 第一次
21. international student 国际学生
22. be different from 与……不同
23. for instance 例如
24. at least 至少
25. in front of 在……前面
26. drop the matter 不再提这件事
27. grow tired of 对……感到厌烦
28. lose patience with 对……失去耐心
29. after all 毕竟
30. care about 在意
31. erupt into laughter 爆发出笑声
32. force a smile 强颜欢笑
33. act as 扮演
34. instead of 而不是
35. nod approvingly 赞同地点头
36. spare sb. the discomfort of 使某人免于……的不适
37. by doing so 通过这样做
38. cultural identity 文化身份/认同
39. get interested 产生兴趣
e up to 走近
熟词生义
1. place 熟义：v. 放置；安放 n. （某）地方 僻义：v. 下（订单）
真题例句：Thank you. Then I can place the order.
谢谢。那我现在可以下单了。
e.g. The company placed an order (with the manufacturer) for an additional 100 units.
这家公司又（向生产厂家）下了100套的订单。
2. skirt 熟义：n. 女裙；裙子 僻义：v. 绕过……的边缘；沿着……边缘走
真题例句：Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum.
绕过市政厅广场，你会发现可爱的商店、餐馆以及黑白屋博物馆。
e.g. We skirted around the edge of the city. 我们沿着城边走。
3. line 熟义：n. 线；队列；队伍 僻义：v. 沿……排列成行
真题例句：Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. 肉店、蔬果店、面包店和奶酪店环绕着市政厅广场。
e.g. Students lined the hall, waiting to register for classes. 学生们在大厅排队，等着注册选课。
4. flood 熟义：n. 洪水；水灾 v. 淹没 僻义：v. 大量涌来；大量涌去
真题例句：But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. 但结果却截然相反：她忙得不可开交，仅2020年6月就发出了1200份订单。
e.g. Telephone calls came flooding in from all over the country. 全国各地的电话像潮水般打来。
5. translate 熟义：v. 翻译 僻义：v. （使）改变形式；转化
真题例句：This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. 这种生产力同样适用于成年人的职场。
e.g. I hope all the hard work will translate into profits. 我希望所有的辛勤劳动都会有回报。
6. leave 熟义：v. 离开（某地）；辞去（工作、职务等） 僻义：n. 假期；休假
真题例句：Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces. 我们的研究表明，在植物丰富的办公环境中工作的人，病假减少了30%。
e.g. How much annual leave do you get 你们的年假有多长？
7. practice 熟义：v. 练习 n. 练习 僻义：v. （医生、律师等）执业，从业
真题例句：Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. 医生行医，律师执业，而你也应该给自己时间去练习如何养护植物。
e.g. My cousin plans to practice medicine/law/dentistry. [=plans to be a doctor/lawyer/dentist] 我的表弟打算当医生/律师/牙医。
8. tailor 熟义：n. （定做男装的）裁缝 v. 定做（衣服） 僻义：v. 专门制作（或改制）；定做
真题例句：Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. 每道菜都是为提高人们对食物浪费的认识而量身定制的。
e.g. Most travel agents are prepared to tailor travel arrangements to meet individual requirements. 为了满足个别人士需要，大多数旅行社都愿意作出专门的旅游安排。
9. reject 熟义：v. 拒绝相信；拒绝接受；拒绝考虑；拒绝接纳 僻义：v. （因质量差而）决定不出版，决定不发行
真题例句：Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. 羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被拒收的甘薯和黄瓜头等食材都被重新利用，在几位优秀厨师的帮助下，变成了美味佳肴。
e.g. The produce inspector rejected several crates of berries that had begun to grow mold. 产品质检员把几箱发霉的浆果退了回去。
10. address 熟义：v. （在信件、包裹等上）写收信人姓名地址；致辞；演讲 n. 住址；寄送地址 僻义：v. 处理；关注
真题例句：Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 尽管如此，它提醒我们，解决可持续性问题的方法有很多，你几乎可以用任何东西做出美味佳肴。
e.g. The governor is addressing himself to the problem of underfunded schools. 州长正在着手解决学校资金短缺的问题。
11. maintain 熟义：v. 维护；养护；保养；坚持；断言；主张 僻义：v. 维持；保持
真题例句：Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. 华盛顿大学发现，55岁及以上从事志愿工作的成年人比同龄人记忆力更好，整体健康状况维持得更久。
e.g. He has found it difficult to maintain a healthy weight. 他发现要保持健康的体重很困难。
12. work out 熟义：想出，制订出（计划等）；做出（决策等）；（用数学）解决；算出 僻义：锻炼；健身；做运动
真题例句：Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle, before discovering a passion for weightlifting. 多诺霍女士决心改变自己的生活，开始锻炼并遵循健康的生活方式，之后又发现了对举重的热爱。
e.g. She works out at the gym twice a week. 她每周在健身房锻炼两次。
13. spare 熟义：v. 抽出，拿出（时间、金钱等） adj. 备用的；额外的；空闲的；空余的 僻义：v. 使免遭；使免受；免除
真题例句：This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain. 这种方法让我避免了过度解释的尴尬。
e.g. He spared them the embarrassment of a public apology. 他使他们免遭公开道歉的尴尬。新课标Ⅱ卷障碍词汇汇总
试卷位置 序号 课标词 试题障碍词
阅读 A 1 eat eateries
阅读 A 2 impress** impressive
阅读 A 3 food Foode
阅读 A 4 grocery** greengrocers
阅读 A 5 strong; hold stronghold
阅读 A 6 high; way highway
阅读 A 7 plant planters
阅读 A 8 access** accessible
阅读 B 1 increase increasingly
阅读 B 2 academic** academics
阅读 B 3 comfort** comforter
阅读 C 1 explode** explosion
阅读 C 2 academic** academically
阅读 D 1 name renamed
阅读 D 2 tailor** tailor-made
阅读 D 3 appropriate** re-appropriated
阅读 D 4 sustain** sustainability
语法填空 1 heat heating
读后续写 1 approve** approvingly
读后续写 2 comfort** discomfort
语篇导航
语篇类型 话题领域及具体内容 体裁 词数
阅读 A 篇 人与社会：四个历史悠久、风景各异的英格兰小镇 应用文 270
阅读 B 篇 人与自我：在医院学校帮助患病儿童继续进行课业学习 说明文 305
阅读 C 篇 人与自然：室内植物在网上热卖 说明文 263
阅读 D 篇 人与社会：将食材边角料加工成美味佳肴 说明文 334
七选五 人与社会：全家人一起参与志愿服务 说明文 313
完形填空 人与社会：老奶奶通过健身和在网上分享心得重燃生命热力 记叙文 206
语法填空 人与社会：一名定居中国的美籍女士对其在浙江乡间晾衣后感受 “阳光的味道” 的经历描述 说明文 226
书面表达 人与自我：询问外教约好的稿件的完成情况并提醒交稿时间 应用文 80 左右
读后续写 人与自我：向外国人解释中国人名字的发音和背后的意义 记叙文 283
阅读A
语篇类型：应用文
主题语境：人与社会——旅游——英国集市小镇游览
【文章大意】
本文介绍了英国四个各具特色的集市小镇（赫里福德、勒德洛、什鲁斯伯里和梅瓦吉西），重点描述了每个小镇的历史建筑、文化活动和特色商品，旨在为游客提供旅游参考。
【答案与解析】 21-23. CBA
21.C 【命题意图】考查细节理解题。题干询问《大宪章》原件的位置，定位第二段“The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town...One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.”，明确原件在赫里福德大教堂展出。选项C“In the Hereford Cathedral”直接对应原文，其他选项A（勒德洛城堡）、B（英格兰美食中心）、D（黑白屋博物馆）均未提及。
22.B 【命题意图】考查细节推理题。题干要求选择什鲁斯伯里镇中心的特征。根据第三段“The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center.”，明确塞文河环绕镇中心，形成类似岛屿的布局。选项B“It’s almost surrounded by water”直接对应原文，其他选项A（靠近大岛）、C（以花卉节闻名）、D（从伦敦易达）均未提及或与原文矛盾。
23.A【命题意图】考查细节对比题。题干需识别作者对梅瓦吉西游客的建议。根据最后一段“Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie. It’s delicious.”，明确作者建议游客品尝康沃尔馅饼。选项A“Try the Cornish pie”直接对应原文，其他选项B（观看英国电视剧）、C（去海上钓鱼）、D（拍摄港口照片）均未提及。
【重点词汇】
medieval stronghold：中世纪堡垒
greengrocers：蔬菜水果商
harbor-side markets：港口边的市场
working harbor：作业港口
【难句翻译】
“Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries.”
每个小镇都因数百年间生产和交易的商品与服务而形成了独特的个性。
【A篇参考译文】
英国值得游览的集市小镇
英国的集市小镇形态各异、规模不一。每个小镇都因数百年间生产和交易的商品与服务而形成了独特的个性，但除了购物，这些小镇还有更多值得体验的活动。
赫里福德，赫里福德郡
赫里福德自1189年以来一直是热闹的集市小镇。沿着镇广场漫步，您会发现可爱的商店、餐馆和黑白屋博物馆。赫里福德大教堂是镇上最令人印象深刻的建筑，也是一座古老图书馆的所在地。四份《大宪章》原件之一在此展出。
勒德洛，什罗普郡
勒德洛被誉为“英格兰美食中心”。肉铺、蔬菜水果店、面包店和奶酪店遍布镇广场。广场边缘的勒德洛城堡是必游的中世纪堡垒。每年九月，这里会举办为期三天的勒德洛美食节。
什鲁斯伯里，什罗普郡
从伦敦前往什鲁斯伯里镇中心颇具挑战，但值得一试。塞文河在镇中心蜿蜒而过，几乎将什鲁斯伯里镇中心变成了一个岛屿。这种地形为集市提供了理想的场所，商品可通过河流运输。鲜花随处可见——吊篮、窗台花箱和花盆——这正是您想象中英国集市小镇的模样。
梅瓦吉西，康沃尔郡
即使您未曾到访过梅瓦吉西这个小渔村，也可能在电影或英国电视剧中见过它。作业港口形成于1774年。渔民每日出海捕鱼，并在港口边的市场售卖。离开港口前，别忘了品尝传统的康沃尔馅饼，它美味无比。
21.您可以在哪里找到《大宪章》的原件？
A. 在勒德洛城堡B. 在英格兰美食中心
C. 在赫里福德大教堂D. 在黑白屋博物馆
22.什鲁斯伯里镇中心的特色是什么？
A. 它靠近一个大岛B. 它几乎被水环绕
C. 它以花卉节闻名D. 从伦敦很容易到达
23.作者建议游客在梅瓦吉西做什么？
A. 品尝康沃尔馅饼B. 观看英国电视剧
C. 去海上钓鱼D. 拍摄港口照片
阅读B
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会——教育——医院中的特殊教育
【文章大意】
本文讲述了Kathy Ho在斯坦福大学露西尔·帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）担任教师的经历。她负责为住院的500名左右的学生提供教育服务，这些学生因疾病需要长期住院治疗。Ho不仅关注学生的学业，更重视他们的身心健康，通过扮演教练、顾问和安慰者的角色，帮助学生适应医院生活并保持与同龄人的联系。
【答案与解析】 24-27. BDCB
24.B【命题意图】考查细节理解题。题干询问Ho在LPCH教授的对象。根据第一段“Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH).”和第二段“where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students.”可知，Ho教授的是住院的患者学生，即生病的孩子。选项B“Sick children”直接对应原文，其他选项A（年轻护士）、C（医学生）、D（患者父母）均未提及。
25.D【命题意图】考查细节理解题。题干要求分析Ho工作的特点。根据第三段“I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.”可知，Ho在医院中不仅扮演教师的角色，还担任教练、顾问和安慰者的多重身份。选项D“Playing multiple roles”准确概括了这一特点。其他选项A（优先考虑学业）、B（鼓励创新）、C（治疗各种疾病）均未提及或与原文不符。
26.C 【命题意图】考查代词指代题。题干需确定第四段中划线词“it”的指代对象。根据前文“Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead.”和后文“I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,”可知，Ho认为不给孩子布置作业只表达同情是对孩子的不负责。因此，“it”指代的是“不给孩子布置作业”的行为。选项C“Assigning no schoolwork”直接对应原文。
27.B 【命题意图】考查细节理解题。题干要求分析医院学校对学生的益处。根据最后一段“It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.”可知，Good认为医院学校通过提供学习和成长的机会，帮助学生保持对生活的希望和梦想。选项B“It helps them live in hope”准确概括了这一益处。其他选项A（减轻同伴压力）、C（使他们摆脱疼痛）、D（用故事娱乐他们）均未提及或与原文不符。
【重点词汇】
medical procedures：医疗程序
be a priority：是优先事项
keep up with：跟上
pain management services：疼痛管理服务
have a full life：拥有完整的生活
【难句翻译】
“If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn.”
译文：“如果你对某件事感到害怕，并且只想着这件事，那么你就不可能学习。”
解析：此句强调了心理健康对学习的重要性，指出恐惧会阻碍学习。
“School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.”
译文：“学校可以通过为孩子们提供学习和成长的机会，让他们的梦想得以延续。”
解析：此句揭示了医院学校的教育意义，即通过教育帮助学生保持希望和梦想。
【B篇参考译文】
Kathy Ho在斯坦福大学露西尔·帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）内教授高中课程。“有时我不喜欢说自己是老师，”Ho说，“人们心中对教师的工作有固定的印象，但在这里并非如此。”
“这里”是386号房间，每年约有500名LPCH的患者在这里成为学生。医院学校没有家长、医生和医疗程序的干扰，是一个学习的场所。大约一半的学生会住院一周或更短时间；其他人则住院超过一年。Ho的大多数学生都会康复，这意味着帮助他们为重返学校做准备成为护理中越来越重要的一部分。
然而，在386号房间里，学业并不是首要任务。身体健康和心理健康才是重点。“如果你对某件事感到害怕，并且只想着这件事，那么你就不可能学习，”Ho说，“我是教练、顾问和安慰者，这就是医院教师的含义。”
Ho的班级里任何时候都有多达30名学生。她通常与学生的常规教师合作，获取他们在家学校使用的课程和测试。有些教师不给孩子布置任何作业；他们只表达同情。“我觉得这对孩子来说是一种伤害，”Ho说，“他们认为老师不关心他们的学业。”
Ho认识到帮助孩子跟上医院外同龄人的步伐对他们的心理有益。“实际上，我认为对于某些问题来说，药物只是很小的一部分，”LPCH疼痛管理服务主任Julie Good说，“关键在于如何解决拥有完整生活的意义。那些孩子有梦想。学校可以通过为孩子们提供学习和成长的机会，让他们的梦想得以延续。”
24.Ho在LPCH教授谁？
A. 生病的孩子 B. 年轻护士C. 医学生D. 患者父母
25.Ho工作的特点是什么？
A. 优先考虑学业B. 鼓励创新C. 治疗各种疾病D. 扮演多重角色
26.第四段中划线的“it”指的是什么？
A. 提供常规课程B. 给予额外关注C. 不布置作业D. 不表达同情
27.根据Good的说法，医院学校如何使学生受益？
A. 它减轻了同伴压力。B. 它帮助他们生活在希望中。
C. 它使他们摆脱疼痛。D. 它用故事娱乐他们。
阅读理解 C
语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然——植物对人类的影响
【文章大意】
本文围绕家庭植物热潮展开，探讨植物对人类心理健康和效率的积极影响。通过创业者Sonja Detrinidad的成功案例引入，引用佛罗里达大学研究员Melinda Knuth的研究成果，指出植物能降低皮质醇水平、提升生活满意度，并提高学习和工作效率。同时，文章也提醒读者养植物需要耐心，即使失败也不应气馁，应将其视为学习和成长的过程。
【答案与解析】28-31: DDCB
28.D【命题意图】考查细节理解题。第一段提到，Sonja Detrinidad最初开设网店时并未抱太大希望，但结果却出乎意料地好，仅在2020年6月就发货1200单，过去一年更是发送了超过7万株植物。选项D“它出奇地顺利”与原文描述相符。选项A（面临激烈竞争）、B（遭受巨大损失）、C（获得大量资金支持）均未在文中提及。
29.D【命题意图】考查细节理解题。第三段中，Knuth提到“有植物环境的学生学习成绩比没有植物的学生更好”，并进一步指出“这种效率也体现在成年人的工作场所，植物丰富的工作场所病假减少了30%”。选项D“它们提高效率”直接对应原文内容。选项A（它们更吸引学生）未提及效率提升；选项B（它们净化环境）虽为植物功能，但非Knuth在此段讨论的重点；选项C（它们提高皮质醇水平）与原文“降低皮质醇水平”相悖。
30.C【命题意图】考查推理判断题。最后一段中，Detrinidad提到“医生行医，律师执业，你也应该允许自己有练习养植物的过程”，意在强调养植物需要耐心和反复尝试。选项C“反复努力的重要性”与原文主旨相符。选项A（社交技能的必要性）、B（可持续性的意义）、D（专业意见的价值）均与原文内容不符。
31.B【命题意图】考查主旨大意题。全文围绕植物对人类心理健康的积极影响展开，通过研究数据和实例说明植物能提升生活满意度、降低压力水平、提高学习和工作效率。选项B“植物提升你的情绪”最能概括文章主旨。选项A（是时候更换家庭植物了）与原文内容无关；选项C（选择家庭植物的建议）未在文中提及；选项D（植物照亮你的家）虽为植物的功能之一，但非文章重点。
【重点词汇】
cortisol：皮质醇（一种应激激素）
life satisfaction rating：生活满意度评分
sustain：维持，支撑
tending to：照料，照顾
【难句翻译】
"Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think."
译文：在我们的环境中增添更多自然元素可以改变我们的情绪和思维方式。
解析：此句强调了自然环境对人类心理状态的积极影响，是理解文章主旨的关键。
"Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one."
译文：照料植物是锻炼耐心和学习的过程。要用心照顾它，但如果它死了，再去买一盆。
解析：此句通过养植物的例子，传达了面对失败时应有的态度，即保持耐心、勇于尝试。
【C篇参考译文】
当Sonja Detrinidad开设她的网店销售家庭植物时，她并没有抱太大希望。但结果却截然相反：仅在2020年6月，她就收到了1200份订单。在过去的一年里，Detrinidad发送了超过7万株植物。她的成功只是居家时间增加导致家庭植物行业蓬勃发展的一个例子。
“植物现在很流行，”佛罗里达大学的研究员Melinda Knuth博士说，“生活在植物丰富的环境中的人报告的生活满意度评分更高。”她还说，“在我们的环境中增添更多自然元素可以改变我们的情绪和思维方式。”植物可以通过几种方式改善我们的心态，但最重要的是降低我们体内的皮质醇水平，这是一种应激激素。
“有植物环境的学生学习成绩比没有植物的学生更好，”Knuth说，“这种效率也体现在成年人的工作场所。我们的研究表明，植物丰富的工作场所病假减少了30%。”
如果你也是享受周围植物带来的身心健康益处的人群之一，那么如果有一株（或几株！）植物没能存活下来，也不要自责。“医生行医，律师执业，你也应该允许自己有练习养植物的过程。照料植物是锻炼耐心和学习的过程。要用心照顾它，但如果它死了，再去买一盆，”Detrinidad说。
28.德特里尼达德的生意刚开始时怎么样？
A. 它面临着激烈的竞争。B. 它遭受了巨大的损失。
C. 它获得了大量的资金支持。D. 它出奇地顺利。
29.克努斯（Knuth）关于植物的发现之一是什么？
A. 它们更吸引学生。B. 它们能净化环境。
C. 它们会提高皮质醇水平。D. 它们能提高效率。
30.德特里尼达德提到医生和律师是想解释什么？
A. 社交技能的必要性。B. 可持续性的意义。
C. 反复努力的重要性。D. 专业意见的价值。
31.哪个标题适合这篇文章？
A. 是时候更换家庭植物了B. 植物能提升你的情绪
C. 选择家庭植物的小贴士D. 植物让你的家更明亮
阅读D
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——食物浪费——可持续餐饮实践
【文章大意】
本文探讨餐厅如何通过创新方式减少食物浪费。纽约Blue Hill餐厅将临时更名为wastED，推出以"本应被丢弃"的食材（如鱼软骨、蔬菜边角料）制作的特色菜品，旨在提高公众对食物浪费问题的意识。研究显示餐厅平均每1000美元收入产生33磅食物垃圾，而wastED通过创意烹饪证明"废弃食材"可转化为美味佳肴，为可持续餐饮提供新思路。
【答案与解析】32-35:ABCA
32.A【命题意图】考查推理判断题。首段作者提到"there are children starving in Africa"是"uncomfortable reminder of fact"，暗示其成长环境存在食物短缺问题。选项A"他目睹过食物短缺"与原文"uncomfortable reminder"形成逻辑呼应。选项B（享受当地美食）、C（向非洲捐赠食物）、D（在家帮忙做饭）均无文本依据。
33.B【命题意图】考查目的意图题。第三段明确指出wastED的菜品"tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste"，且第四段通过数据对比（如84.3%食物垃圾被直接丢弃）强化了减少浪费的必要性。选项B"让公众意识到食物浪费"准确概括实验核心目标。选项A（定制菜品）、C（测试加工方法）、D（改进英国零浪费系统）均偏离主题。
34.C【命题意图】考查主旨大意题。第五段以"none of the items...was technically made from garbage"开头，列举"kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes"等食材，重点说明菜品原料来源。选项C"菜品由什么制成"直接对应段落核心内容。选项A（使用原料的原因）、B（最受欢迎的菜品）、D（原料购买地点）均未被提及。
35.A【命题意图】考查推理判断题。末段首句"it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment"和后文"Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu"表明wastED已按计划结束。选项A"它已按计划结束"符合原文逻辑。选项B（创造新工作）、C（重获人气）、D（遭顶级厨师批评）均无文本支持。
【重点词汇】
tailor-made：定制的
dumpster diver's salad：翻找垃圾桶者的沙拉（隐喻使用边角料）
re-appropriated：重新利用
sustainability：可持续性
【难句翻译】
"Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste."
译文：每道菜都是专门设计的，旨在提高人们对食物浪费问题的意识。
解析：强调菜品设计的针对性，呼应文章主题。
"Instead, all the ingredients used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving."
译文：相反，所有使用的食材都是其他餐厅绝不会考虑供应的肉类切割部位和农产品。
解析：通过对比突出wastED的食材选择颠覆性，为后文"turn into excellent cuisine"埋下伏笔。
【D篇参考译文】
每次丢弃未食用的食物时，你的内心是否会感到一丝刺痛？我的会。这种感受或许源于我在南非的成长经历——在那里，"非洲有儿童正在挨饿"这句话与其说是饭前祷告，不如说是令人不安的现实提醒。
食物浪费已成为餐饮、超市和供应链行业日益严峻的问题。从技术解决方案到教育宣传，食品生产者和销售者正在寻找方法，更高效地利用现有资源。但上个月，纽约一家知名餐厅尝试了不同方式：将菜单改为专门提供"本应被丢弃"的食物。
3月，格林威治村的Blue Hill餐厅临时更名为wastED，推出炸鳐鱼软骨、果渣汉堡、垃圾桶探索者蔬菜沙拉等菜品。每道菜都经过精心设计，旨在唤起人们对食物浪费的关注。
《食物浪费联盟》的研究显示，餐厅平均每1000美元收入会产生33磅食物垃圾，其中仅15.7%被捐赠或回收，高达84.3%被直接丢弃。尽管英国Silo餐厅等已尝试零浪费系统，但wastED将这一理念推向了极致。
需说明的是，wastED菜单上的菜品并非真正由垃圾制成。所有食材均为其他餐厅绝不会考虑供应的肉类切割部位和农产品，如羽衣甘蓝叶柄、鱼领肉、被拒收的甘薯和黄瓜尾部。在厨师的巧手下，这些食材被重新赋予价值，成为美味佳肴。
尽管wastED收获了热烈反响，但它从一开始就是短期实验；Blue Hill现已恢复常规菜单。不过，它提醒我们：解决可持续性问题有多种途径，几乎任何食材都能成就惊艳美食。
32.关于作者的早期生活，可以推断出什么？
A. 他目睹过食物短缺B. 他享受当地美食
C. 他向非洲人捐赠食物D. 他在家帮忙做饭
33.Blue Hill为何开展这项实验？
A. 为客人定制菜品B. 让公众意识到食物浪费
C. 测试食品加工方法D. 改进英国零浪费系统
34.第五段主要讲什么？
A. 为什么使用这些食材B. 哪些菜品最受欢迎
C. 菜品由什么制成D. 食材从何处购买
35.关于wastED，我们可以了解到什么？
A. 它已按计划结束B. 它正在创造新工作
C. 它已重获人气D. 它遭到顶级厨师批评
《完形填空》
语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——个人成长——坚持与自我提升
文章大意
文章讲述了一位65岁的奶奶伊芙琳·多诺霍在经历健康危机后，通过坚持锻炼和举重，不仅改善了自己的健康状况，还成为社交媒体上的健身达人，激励了许多人的故事。
答案与解析
41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. C
41.C. exercise 考查动词辨析。根据后文“Ms Donohue began to work out”可知，她七年前开始“锻炼”（exercise）。其他选项（write“写作”、travel“旅行”、recover“恢复”）与后文内容不符。
42.D. wake-up 考查名词辨析。根据后文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可知，她之前一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争，因此这个电话对她来说是一个“警醒”（wake-up）电话，促使她改变。其他选项（goodwill“善意”、timeout“暂停”、long-distance“长途”）与语境不符。
43.B. ultimately考查副词辨析。根据后文“led her to getting surgery”可知，这些问题“最终”（ultimately）导致她需要手术。其他选项（normally“通常”、suddenly“突然”、automatically“自动地”）无法准确表达这种因果关系。
44.A. change 考查名词辨析。根据后文“Determined to turn her life around”可知，她决定做出“改变”（change）。其他选项（fortune“运气”、wish“愿望”、deal“交易”）与语境不符。
45.D. healthy 考查形容词辨析。根据后文“Ms Donohue began to work out”可知，她开始锻炼并遵循“健康的”（healthy）生活方式。其他选项（risky“冒险的”、traditional“传统的”、comfortable“舒适的”）与语境不符。
46.C. passion 考查名词辨析。根据后文“for weightlifting”可知，她发现了对举重的“热情”（passion）。其他选项（demand“需求”、secret“秘密”、cure“治愈”）与语境不符。
47.B. fitness 考查名词辨析。根据前文“Ms Donohue began to work out”可知，她是一位“健身”（fitness）爱好者。其他选项（peace“和平”、fun“乐趣”、nature“自然”）与语境不符。
48.A. grow考查动词辨析。根据后文“an impressive set of muscles”可知，她不仅成功“长出”（grow）了一身令人印象深刻的肌肉。其他选项（control“控制”、activate“激活”、relax“放松”）与语境不符。
49.C. reason 考查名词辨析。根据后文“others can’t look this good”可知，她认为没有“理由”（reason）认为别人不能看起来这么好。其他选项（need“需要”、choice“选择”、difference“差异”）与语境不符。
50.D. stepping stone 考查名词短语辨析。根据后文“to success and never give up”可知，她认为失败是通往成功的“垫脚石”（stepping stone），永远不要放弃。其他选项（green light“绿灯”、road block“路障”、passing mark“及格分数”）与语境不符。
51.A. Help 考查动词辨析。根据后文“Lift others up on your journey”可知，她建议“帮助”（Help）他人，在旅途中提升他人。其他选项（Consult“咨询”、Follow“跟随”、Forgive“原谅”）与语境不符。
52.B. shared 考查动词辨析。根据前文“Lift others up on your journey”可知，当成功被“分享”（shared）时，它会更加甜美。其他选项（accepted“接受”、expected“期待”、celebrated“庆祝”）虽然与成功有关，但无法准确表达这种共享成功的喜悦。
53.A. goal 考查名词辨析。根据后文“is to feel good, not look good”可知，锻炼的“目标”（goal）是感觉良好，而不是看起来好看。其他选项（case“情况”、duty“责任”、cost“成本”）与语境不符。
54.D. doubters 考查名词辨析。根据前文“Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out”可知，她曾被那些“怀疑者”（doubters）嘲笑，认为她太老了不能锻炼。其他选项（instructors“教练”、admirers“崇拜者”、beginners“初学者”）与语境不符。
55.C. inspiration 考查名词辨析。根据后文“for many social media users”可知，她成为了许多社交媒体用户的“灵感”（inspiration）。其他选项（authority“权威”、excuse“借口”、option“选择”）与语境不符。
参考译文
伊芙琳·多诺霍是一位65岁的奶奶。七年前，在一次“警醒”电话后，她才开始“锻炼”。她之前一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争，这些问题“最终”导致她需要手术。那次经历后，她知道自己需要做出“改变”。决心改变自己的生活，多诺霍女士开始锻炼，并遵循“健康的”生活方式，之后发现了对举重的“热情”。
自从踏上这条路，这位“健身”爱好者不仅成功“长出”了一身令人印象深刻的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了大量粉丝。
这位受欢迎的奶奶经常发布锻炼内容，她表示没有“理由”认为别人不能看起来这么好。她说这一切都归功于一些关键方面。
“坚持住：把失败当作通往成功的‘垫脚石’，永远不要放弃。坚持你的计划，”她说。“‘帮助’他人：在旅途中提升他人。当成功被‘分享’时，它会更加甜美。”她之前解释说，“你不需要拥有惊人的身材才能锻炼……‘目标’是感觉良好，而不是看起来好看。”
多诺霍女士曾因年纪太大不能锻炼而被嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了那些“怀疑者”是错的，并确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的“灵感”。
41.A. 写作B. 旅行C. 锻炼D. 恢复
42.A. 善意B. 暂停C. 长途D. 警醒
43.A. 通常B. 最终C. 突然D. 自动地
44.A. 改变B. 运气C. 愿望D. 交易
45.A. 冒险的B. 传统的C. 舒适的D. 健康的
46.A. 需求B. 秘密C. 热情D. 治愈
47.A. 和平B. 健身C. 乐趣D. 自然
48.A. 长出B. 控制C. 激活D. 放松
49.A. 需要B. 选择C. 理由 D.差异
50.A. 绿灯B.路障C. 及格分数 D. 垫脚石
51.A. 帮助B. 咨询C. 跟随D. 原谅
52.A. 接受B. 分享C. 期待D. 庆祝
53.A. 目标B. 情况C. 责任D. 成本
54.A. 教练B. 崇拜者C. 初学者D. 怀疑者
55.A. 权威B. 借口C. 灵感D. 选择
《语法填空》
语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——生活体验——跨文化生活感悟
文章大意
本文以作者自身的跨文化生活经历为线索，通过描述从美国到中国乡村生活的转变，展现了文化差异带来的新奇体验与适应过程。文章重点讲述了作者对中国乡村生活中诸如晾晒衣物等日常细节的重新认识，以及这些细节背后所蕴含的文化差异与个人成长。
答案与解析
where（考查定语从句）“bamboo and tea bushes grow wild in the mountains”是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“the countryside of Zhejiang, China”，从句中缺少地点状语，所以用关系副词“where”引导该定语从句，表示“在这个乡村，竹子和茶树在山上肆意生长”。
57.central（考查形容词）“heating”是名词，前面需要用形容词来修饰，“central heating”是固定短语，意为“集中供暖”，所以此处填“central”。
58.for（考查固定搭配）“prepare sb. for sth.”是固定搭配，意为“使某人为某事做好准备”，这里表示“我生命中之前没有任何事情让我为这样的生活做好准备”，所以填“for”。
59.and（考查连词）“adapt”和“learn”是两个并列的动作，作者在新的环境中要适应并且学习，所以用并列连词“and”连接。
60.myself（考查反身代词）“find oneself doing sth.”是固定用法，意为“发现自己正在做某事”，这里表示“随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里感觉非常自在”，所以填“myself”。
61.is（考查主谓一致）“The ‘sunshine scent (香味)’ of freshly sunned clothes”是句子的主语，表示“刚晒过的衣服的‘阳光香味’”，是单数概念，句子描述的是一般情况，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式“is”。
62.to discover（考查不定式）“the chance to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“做某事的机会”，这里表示“剥夺了我发现阳光的一个伟大奇迹的机会”，所以用不定式“todiscover”
63.absence（考查名词）“thanks to”后面需要接名词或名词短语，“the absence of...”表示“……的缺乏”，这里表示“由于没有雾霾”，所以填“absence”。
64.afternoons（考查名词复数）“afternoon”是可数名词，这里表示“很多个充满新鲜空气的下午”，所以用复数形式“afternoons”。
65.left（考查过去分词）“a sheet or shirt”与“leave”之间是动宾关系，即“床单或衬衫被留下”，所以用过去分词“left”作后置定语，修饰“a sheet or shirt”，表示“被留下晒了一天的床单或衬衫”。
参考译文
我在美国俄亥俄州的克利夫兰出生并长大。然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫以及他的家人住在中国浙江的乡村，这里竹子和茶树在山上肆意生长，鸡总是散养的，而且没有集中供暖。
我生命中之前没有任何事情让我为这样的生活做好准备——可以肯定的是，我第一次来这里时从未想过自己会在这个地方感到舒适。但令人惊讶的是，你竟然可以在一个新的环境中适应并学习。随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里感觉非常自在。在这个过程中，我有时会经历一些真正让我惊讶的事情。”就是其中之一。
在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居们从未用过晾衣绳来晾衣服，这剥夺了我发现阳光的一个伟大奇迹的机会——把衣服晒一整天后那股甜甜的“阳光香味”。在我居住的地方，由于没有雾霾，而且有很多个充满新鲜空气的下午，晒干的衣服闻起来格外宜人。
如果你从未体验过被留下晒了一天的床单或衬衫的“阳光香味”，那么你错过了一项生活中的奇迹。
写作
《参考范文》
Dear Chris,
I hope this message finds you well. I’m writing to follow up on the progress of your article about Canadian sports, which you generously agreed to contribute to our school magazine.
Could you share how the writing process is going Your expertise will undoubtedly provide our readers with a captivating perspective on Canada’s sports--especially iconic Canadian sports like hockey and lacrosse.As the deadline approaches, I’d like to remind you that the final draft is due next Friday, June 14th. Should you need any assistance, please feel free to inform me, and we will provide full support.
Thank you for sharing your knowledge with us—your article is eagerly awaited! We can’t wait to see your insights inspire our readers.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【参考译文】
亲爱的Chris：
希望你一切安好。我写这封邮件是为了跟进你答应为我们校刊撰写的关于加拿大体育的文章的进展。
不知你目前的写作进度如何？你的专业见解无疑会为我们的读者提供一个引人入胜的加拿大体育视角——尤其是像冰球和长曲棍球这样具有标志性的加拿大运动。随着截止日期临近，特此提醒你，终稿需在下周五（6月14日）前提交。若你需要任何帮助，请随时告知，我们会提供全力支持。
感谢你与我们分享知识——大家都热切期待着你的文章！迫不及待想看到你的见解能给读者带来启发。
祝好！
李华
【参考范文解析】
【写作思路】
语篇类型：应用文（邮件）主题语境：工作沟通与任务跟进
核心要点：
1.询问进展：直接说明写信目的，体现对任务进度的关注。
2.提醒交稿时间：明确时间节点，确保对方按时完成。
3.提供帮助：体现合作态度，增强沟通的友好性。
续写
段落开头分析：
第一段开头 “在课堂讨论中，我被邀请解释我名字的含义”，需承接前文 “放弃纠正名字发音” 的矛盾，转而通过解释名字文化内涵来展现身份认同，可描述名字 “秋雨” 的诗意由来，如季节意境、文学象征等，体现中文语言的美感，同时回应同学和教授的反应，为第二段做铺垫。
第二段开头 “许多同学课后找到我”，应围绕同学的兴趣展开，可能是对中文名字、中国文化的进一步询问，如其他名字的含义、汉字文化等，展现文化交流的积极结果，最后升华主题，点明名字不仅是符号，更是文化桥梁，呼应前文 “分享文化身份” 的思考。
情节逻辑：从 “尴尬纠正名字” 到 “主动分享文化”，体现主人公心态转变，需通过具体对话、动作描写展现情感变化，如同学的好奇提问、教授的认可等，让故事有层次感。
语言技巧：使用比喻（如 “秋雨如诗的画卷”）、环境描写（如 “教室安静下来”）烘托氛围，穿插心理活动描写（如 “心跳加速”“自豪感油然而生”）增强感染力，适当使用连接词（如 “firstly”“then”“finally”）使段落衔接自然。
语篇类型 记叙文 主题语境 文化交流与身份认同·
解析：本文围绕“名字”这一文化符号展开，通过课堂互动展现跨文化理解的过程。主题从个人身份认同（名字的发音困扰）升华为文化传播（分享名字背后的文化意义），符合“小事件大主题”的叙事逻辑。
续写线索
核心线索：名字误解→课堂解释→文化共鸣→身份认同
情感递进：尴尬→紧张→自豪→开放
物象象征：名字（发音障碍→文化载体）、秋雨（自然现象→希望象征）
教学启示
文化符号的运用：引导学生挖掘名字、食物等日常事物中的文化内涵，通过具象载体传递抽象价值观。
冲突与和解的叙事：设计“误解-解释-认同”的经典结构，帮助学生掌握情节推进技巧。
感官与意象结合：用“autumn rain”等自然意象替代直白抒情，增强文本感染力。
参考范文1
In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. My heart raced as I stood up, recalling the countless awkward moments before. “Qiuyu means ‘autumn rain’ in Chinese,” I began, voice slightly trembling. “Autumn is a season of harvest and peace, while rain symbolizes nourishment and life. My parents named me this, hoping I’d grow like rain in autumn—gentle yet powerful.” The classroom fell silent, with the professor nodding thoughtfully. “That’s beautiful,” he said. “No wonder it carries such rhythm.” I saw curiosity light up my classmates’ eyes, unlike the previous laughter. For the first time, I didn’t feel the need to rush through the explanation; instead, I painted a picture of autumn rains in China, linking the name to our poetry and traditions.
Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. “Can you tell me the meaning of my Chinese name ” a girl asked, handing me a piece of paper with “梅琳” written on it. I explained “mei” means plum blossom, a symbol of resilience, and “lin” represents beauty. Another boy wondered if all Chinese names had stories. I shared how surnames carry family histories and how characters are chosen for their meanings. Even the professor joined us, laughing, “I should have asked earlier! Your name is a poem.” As we talked, I realized that by embracing my name’s culture, I’d broken the barrier. My name wasn’t just a pronunciation challenge—it was a bridge, letting others peek into the richness of China. From that day on, I never shied away from my name; instead, I wore it like a badge of pride.
参考译文：
在一次课堂讨论中，我被邀请解释自己名字的含义。我站起身时心跳加速，回想起之前无数尴尬的瞬间。“秋雨在中文里是‘autumn rain’的意思，”我开口说道，声音微微颤抖，“秋天是丰收与宁静的季节，而雨象征着滋养与生命。父母给我取这个名字，希望我能像秋雨一样成长——温柔却有力量。”教室里安静下来，教授若有所思地点着头。“真美，”他说，“难怪这个名字蕴含着这样的韵律。”我看到好奇的光芒点亮了同学们的眼睛，不像之前那样哄笑。我第一次不再觉得需要仓促地解释；相反，我描绘出中国秋雨的画面，将这个名字与我们的诗歌和传统联系起来。
课后，许多同学产生了兴趣，围到我身边。“你能告诉我我的中文名字是什么意思吗？”一个女孩问道，递给我一张写着“梅琳”的纸。我解释说“梅”是梅花，象征着坚韧，“琳”代表美丽。另一个男孩想知道是不是所有中文名字都有故事。我跟他们讲姓氏如何承载家族历史，以及汉字的选择是如何基于它们的寓意。就连教授也笑着加入了我们：“我早该问问的！你的名字就是一首诗。”聊天时我意识到，通过接纳名字所承载的文化，我打破了隔阂。我的名字不只是一个发音难题——它是一座桥梁，让其他人得以窥见中国的丰富内涵。从那天起，我再也没有回避过自己的名字；相反，我像佩戴荣誉勋章一样珍视它。
参考范文2
Paragraph 1:
In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. “Qiuyu means ‘autumn rain’ in Chinese,” I began, my voice slightly trembling. “Autumn is a season of harvest and reflection, while rain symbolizes nourishment and peace. My parents named me so, hoping I could bring calmness and growth to others.” As I spoke, the professor carefully repeated “Qiuyu” with a soft tone, and the class followed suit. No laughter erupted this time—instead, there were nods of understanding. I realized that correcting pronunciation wasn't the point; sharing the story behind my name was the key to bridging cultures.
Paragraph 2:
Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. “Can you teach me how to write ‘Qiuyu’ in Chinese ” asked Sarah, holding a notebook. Another classmate, Mike, shared that his grandmother's name had a similar cultural meaning. We spent the next hour exchanging stories about names and traditions, laughing as they tried to write Chinese characters. From that day on, my name was no longer a barrier but a bridge. Whenever someone mispronounced it, I smiled and said, “Let me tell you what it means.”
参考译文：
在一次课堂讨论中，我被邀请解释自己名字的含义。“‘秋雨’在中文里是‘autumn rain’的意思，”我开口说道，声音微微发颤，“秋天是丰收与沉思的季节，而雨象征着滋养与安宁。父母给我取这个名字，希望我能为他人带来平静与成长。”我说话时，教授用柔和的语调仔细重复着“秋雨”，全班同学也跟着念了起来。这一次没有哄笑——取而代之的是理解的点头。我意识到，纠正发音并非关键；分享名字背后的故事，才是架起文化桥梁的核心。
课后，许多同学产生了兴趣，纷纷围了过来。“你能教我写‘秋雨’这两个汉字吗？”萨拉拿着笔记本问道。另一位同学迈克则分享说，他祖母的名字也有着类似的文化寓意。接下来的一个小时里，我们交流着关于名字与传统的故事，看着他们尝试写汉字时的样子，大家都笑了起来。从那天起，我的名字不再是障碍，而是一座桥梁。每当有人念错它时，我都会笑着说：“让我告诉你它的含义吧。”
