【学霸笔记】人与社会：耕作的土地 星期四（阅读理解）--高中英语单元话题阅读 人教版 选择性必修第一册（含答案）
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| 名称 | 【学霸笔记】人与社会：耕作的土地 星期四（阅读理解）--高中英语单元话题阅读 人教版 选择性必修第一册（含答案） |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 19.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-09-25 17:55:53 | ||
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人与社会：耕作的土地
星期四 阅读理解
分值：20分
(每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
A research project called Mineral has created robots that move around in farm fields.The project aims to use computers to help farmers grow more food in ways that are healthy for the environment.
With the number of people on earth getting bigger each year，more food needs to be grown in order to feed everyone.As weather patterns continue to change because of the climate crisis，this task is becoming even more difficult.Some experts say that to feed everyone，more food will need to be grown over the next 50 years than in the last 10,000 years.In the past，farmers tried to quickly increase the amount they produce，using methods that were not always healthy for the environment—more fields，fertilizers，and pesticides.
Instead，the focus of the Mineral project is on getting farms to produce more by improving conditions for each plant.Elliot Grant，who leads the project，says the goal is to “manage the plant instead of the plot”．Mineral’s team spent several years talking to farmers to see what problems they were having and how these problems might be fixed.That led to the creation of special robots called “plant buggies(车)”．
At first，the buggies were very simple.They were built on bicycles and took pictures with cellphones.Over time，they’ve been improved repeatedly.The plant buggies roll on four wheels and are high enough to glide(滑行) over rows of plants without hurting them.They’re covered in solar panels and have strong wheels，which allows them to roll through muddy fields.The robots can take detailed pictures of plants，track each plant’s location，and measure the plant’s size.
Before，farmers had information about the soil and the weather，but they couldn’t track every plant.Now，with Mineral’s robots，they can.By collecting lots of information like this，Mineral believes computers can help farmers make predictions about how their plants will grow.Studying each individual plant could end up saving time and money.
1．What’s the Mineral project’s goal
A. To replace farmers with robots.
B．To design and sell farming robots.
C．To better handle environmental pollution.
D．To improve food production in a green way.
2．What contributes to the need for more food
A．The constant disasters.
B．People’s bigger appetite.
C．The increasing population.
D．The development of industry.
3．What does the underlined part “the plot” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．A secret plan.
B．A piece of farmland.
C．The mark on a map.
D．The series of events.
4．What is special about plant buggies
A. They can collect soil information.
B．They can make weather predictions.
C．They can monitor each plant’s condition.
D．They can help fertilize and water the crops.
读写积累 1．detailed adj.详细的；细致的；精细的 2．measure vt.测量；度量；估量(本文为此义) n．措施；方法 3．design vt.设计；筹划 n．设计；设计方案 4．appetite n．食欲；胃口；强烈欲望 5．monitor vt.监视；监测；监控 n．监视器；监测仪 6．the focus of...……的焦点/中心 7．end up doing...最终处于；以做……结束 8．replace A with B 以B代替/替换A
B
Some Asian children are becoming increasingly fat，a new report says.The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) joint report was released on Monday.The two agencies call for better regulation of junk food and a limit on sugary drinks for children.They also call for action against malnutrition(营养不良)，because a lack of food has prevented children who live in poverty growing normally and healthily—or rather，hurts their development.
Dorothy Foote is a UNICEF regional nutritional specialist.She says the lack of food affects children’s height and development inside their bodies.But at the same time，the area is facing high levels of overweight children.
The main reason for the food problems，the report says，is that there is more junk food available，which does not provide nutrition.Another problem is drinks with high sugar or high trans-fat，but low nutritional value.Lack of physical activity is also part of the problem，the report adds.
Foote says this is seen in nutrition across the area.She says people lack knowledge about what is needed and normal for healthy children’s development.
The economic growth in the area has brought unhealthy products to rural areas.Poor and middle-class families buy them and do not make the right choices to use healthier foods instead.Poor feeding practices，especially for children younger than two，mean ongoing high levels of malnutrition.
The report says governments need to regulate the marketing of junk food and sugary drinks to children.It also calls for better feeding practices for infants and young children，and treatment for severely malnourished children.And it says the countries should work to reduce poverty and make sure that children stay in school.
5．What does the report focus on
A．The economic growth in Asia.
B．Asian countries’ development.
C．The education in Asian rural areas.
D．Some Asian children’s health problems.
6．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 5 refer to
A．The right choices.
B．The high levels.
C．The unhealthy products.
D．The healthier foods.
7．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．The children’s situations.
B．The report’s suggestions.
C．The governments’ efforts.
D．The problem’s causes.
8．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. The Reasons for Children’s Being Hungry
B．How to Stop Children from Being Overweight
C．Why Children in Asia Become Overweight
D．Asian Children Face Malnutrition or Fatness
读写积累 1．increasingly adv.渐增地，越来越……(同more and more) 2．release v．熟义：放开；排放，释放 生义：发行，发布(本文为此义) 3．lack n．缺乏 v．缺乏 4．overweight adj.肥胖的，超重的 5．practice熟义：v.实践，练习；执行，从事 n．练习；实践 生义：n.惯例，习俗(本文为此义) 6．regulate v．管理，控制 (regulation n．规则，法规；控制，管理) 7．call for呼吁；要求；去接某人 8．or rather更确切地说，倒不如说 9．She says people lack knowledge about what is needed and normal for healthy children’s development. 句式结构：what引导的宾语从句。 句子翻译：她说人们缺乏对健康的孩子发展所需要的、正常的东西的了解。
答案精析
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一个名为Mineral的研究项目推出了可以在农田中移动并收集信息的机器人，该项目旨在使用计算机帮助农民以环保的方式提高粮食产量。
1．D [细节理解题。根据第一段末句“The project aims to use computers to help farmers grow more food in ways that are healthy for the environment.”可知，Mineral项目的目标是以环保的方式提高粮食产量。故选D。]
2．C [细节理解题。根据第二段首句“With the number of people on earth getting bigger each year，more food needs to be grown in order to feed everyone.”可知，日益增长的人口导致食物的需求量增加。故选C。]
3．B [词义猜测题。根据第二段末句“In the past，farmers tried to quickly increase the amount they produce...more fields，fertilizers，and pesticides.”以及第三段首句“Instead，the focus of the Mineral project is on getting farms to produce more by improving conditions for each plant.”可知，在过去，农民试图改善田地的条件来快速增加产量，但是现在通过改善每株植物的状况来提高农场产量。这里的the plot与the plant对应，可推测出plot为“地块”的意思，故选B。]
4．C [细节理解题。根据第四段末句“The robots can take detailed pictures of plants，track each plant’s location，and measure the plant’s size.”可知，plant buggies的特别之处在于它们可以监控每株植物的状况。故选C。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了亚洲儿童面临的营养不良和肥胖问题，并呼吁政府采取一些措施进行管理。
5．D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的最后一句可知，报告主要关注一些亚洲儿童的健康问题。故选D。]
6．C [代词指代题。根据画线词所在句及前一句可知，经济增长将不健康的食品带到了农村地区，贫困和中层阶级的家庭就会购买，因此them指代的是“不健康的食品”。故选C。]
7．B [段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段主要介绍了报告给出的建议。故选B。]
8．D [标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句和最后一句可知，本文最好的标题是“亚洲儿童面临营养不良和肥胖”。故选D。]
星期四 阅读理解
分值：20分
(每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
A research project called Mineral has created robots that move around in farm fields.The project aims to use computers to help farmers grow more food in ways that are healthy for the environment.
With the number of people on earth getting bigger each year，more food needs to be grown in order to feed everyone.As weather patterns continue to change because of the climate crisis，this task is becoming even more difficult.Some experts say that to feed everyone，more food will need to be grown over the next 50 years than in the last 10,000 years.In the past，farmers tried to quickly increase the amount they produce，using methods that were not always healthy for the environment—more fields，fertilizers，and pesticides.
Instead，the focus of the Mineral project is on getting farms to produce more by improving conditions for each plant.Elliot Grant，who leads the project，says the goal is to “manage the plant instead of the plot”．Mineral’s team spent several years talking to farmers to see what problems they were having and how these problems might be fixed.That led to the creation of special robots called “plant buggies(车)”．
At first，the buggies were very simple.They were built on bicycles and took pictures with cellphones.Over time，they’ve been improved repeatedly.The plant buggies roll on four wheels and are high enough to glide(滑行) over rows of plants without hurting them.They’re covered in solar panels and have strong wheels，which allows them to roll through muddy fields.The robots can take detailed pictures of plants，track each plant’s location，and measure the plant’s size.
Before，farmers had information about the soil and the weather，but they couldn’t track every plant.Now，with Mineral’s robots，they can.By collecting lots of information like this，Mineral believes computers can help farmers make predictions about how their plants will grow.Studying each individual plant could end up saving time and money.
1．What’s the Mineral project’s goal
A. To replace farmers with robots.
B．To design and sell farming robots.
C．To better handle environmental pollution.
D．To improve food production in a green way.
2．What contributes to the need for more food
A．The constant disasters.
B．People’s bigger appetite.
C．The increasing population.
D．The development of industry.
3．What does the underlined part “the plot” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．A secret plan.
B．A piece of farmland.
C．The mark on a map.
D．The series of events.
4．What is special about plant buggies
A. They can collect soil information.
B．They can make weather predictions.
C．They can monitor each plant’s condition.
D．They can help fertilize and water the crops.
读写积累 1．detailed adj.详细的；细致的；精细的 2．measure vt.测量；度量；估量(本文为此义) n．措施；方法 3．design vt.设计；筹划 n．设计；设计方案 4．appetite n．食欲；胃口；强烈欲望 5．monitor vt.监视；监测；监控 n．监视器；监测仪 6．the focus of...……的焦点/中心 7．end up doing...最终处于；以做……结束 8．replace A with B 以B代替/替换A
B
Some Asian children are becoming increasingly fat，a new report says.The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) joint report was released on Monday.The two agencies call for better regulation of junk food and a limit on sugary drinks for children.They also call for action against malnutrition(营养不良)，because a lack of food has prevented children who live in poverty growing normally and healthily—or rather，hurts their development.
Dorothy Foote is a UNICEF regional nutritional specialist.She says the lack of food affects children’s height and development inside their bodies.But at the same time，the area is facing high levels of overweight children.
The main reason for the food problems，the report says，is that there is more junk food available，which does not provide nutrition.Another problem is drinks with high sugar or high trans-fat，but low nutritional value.Lack of physical activity is also part of the problem，the report adds.
Foote says this is seen in nutrition across the area.She says people lack knowledge about what is needed and normal for healthy children’s development.
The economic growth in the area has brought unhealthy products to rural areas.Poor and middle-class families buy them and do not make the right choices to use healthier foods instead.Poor feeding practices，especially for children younger than two，mean ongoing high levels of malnutrition.
The report says governments need to regulate the marketing of junk food and sugary drinks to children.It also calls for better feeding practices for infants and young children，and treatment for severely malnourished children.And it says the countries should work to reduce poverty and make sure that children stay in school.
5．What does the report focus on
A．The economic growth in Asia.
B．Asian countries’ development.
C．The education in Asian rural areas.
D．Some Asian children’s health problems.
6．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 5 refer to
A．The right choices.
B．The high levels.
C．The unhealthy products.
D．The healthier foods.
7．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．The children’s situations.
B．The report’s suggestions.
C．The governments’ efforts.
D．The problem’s causes.
8．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. The Reasons for Children’s Being Hungry
B．How to Stop Children from Being Overweight
C．Why Children in Asia Become Overweight
D．Asian Children Face Malnutrition or Fatness
读写积累 1．increasingly adv.渐增地，越来越……(同more and more) 2．release v．熟义：放开；排放，释放 生义：发行，发布(本文为此义) 3．lack n．缺乏 v．缺乏 4．overweight adj.肥胖的，超重的 5．practice熟义：v.实践，练习；执行，从事 n．练习；实践 生义：n.惯例，习俗(本文为此义) 6．regulate v．管理，控制 (regulation n．规则，法规；控制，管理) 7．call for呼吁；要求；去接某人 8．or rather更确切地说，倒不如说 9．She says people lack knowledge about what is needed and normal for healthy children’s development. 句式结构：what引导的宾语从句。 句子翻译：她说人们缺乏对健康的孩子发展所需要的、正常的东西的了解。
答案精析
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一个名为Mineral的研究项目推出了可以在农田中移动并收集信息的机器人，该项目旨在使用计算机帮助农民以环保的方式提高粮食产量。
1．D [细节理解题。根据第一段末句“The project aims to use computers to help farmers grow more food in ways that are healthy for the environment.”可知，Mineral项目的目标是以环保的方式提高粮食产量。故选D。]
2．C [细节理解题。根据第二段首句“With the number of people on earth getting bigger each year，more food needs to be grown in order to feed everyone.”可知，日益增长的人口导致食物的需求量增加。故选C。]
3．B [词义猜测题。根据第二段末句“In the past，farmers tried to quickly increase the amount they produce...more fields，fertilizers，and pesticides.”以及第三段首句“Instead，the focus of the Mineral project is on getting farms to produce more by improving conditions for each plant.”可知，在过去，农民试图改善田地的条件来快速增加产量，但是现在通过改善每株植物的状况来提高农场产量。这里的the plot与the plant对应，可推测出plot为“地块”的意思，故选B。]
4．C [细节理解题。根据第四段末句“The robots can take detailed pictures of plants，track each plant’s location，and measure the plant’s size.”可知，plant buggies的特别之处在于它们可以监控每株植物的状况。故选C。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了亚洲儿童面临的营养不良和肥胖问题，并呼吁政府采取一些措施进行管理。
5．D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的最后一句可知，报告主要关注一些亚洲儿童的健康问题。故选D。]
6．C [代词指代题。根据画线词所在句及前一句可知，经济增长将不健康的食品带到了农村地区，贫困和中层阶级的家庭就会购买，因此them指代的是“不健康的食品”。故选C。]
7．B [段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段主要介绍了报告给出的建议。故选B。]
8．D [标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句和最后一句可知，本文最好的标题是“亚洲儿童面临营养不良和肥胖”。故选D。]