Unit 1 People of Achievement Words and expressions 课件(共27张PPT)人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

(共27张PPT)
B4 U1
PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
Words and expressionsⅠ
physiology n. 生理学; 生理机能
physical adj.物质的；自然的；物理的；身体的；
physics n. 物理学；
crucial adj. 至关重要的; 关键性的
①be crucial to/for … ...对…是至关重要的
②It is crucial that … (should) do… 做某事是至关重要的
1)紧要关头/关键时刻
the crucial moment
2)决定性的因素
a crucial factor
3)Your determination and hard-working is crucial to your career success.
4)It is crucial that we (should) ensure that students are aware of the harm of drugs.
1)Vocabulary is vital ______ English learning.
2)The Ministry of Magic considered that the education of young witches was _____ vital importance.
3)It is vital for a journalist _______ (keep) accurate records.
4)In these tough times, it is vital that we ___________ (work) together to meet the troubles.
5)实验前检查设备是至关重要的。
①Checking equipment is of vital importance before the experiment.
②It's vital to check equipment before the experiment.
vital adj. 必不可少的; 极其重要的;充满生机的
①be vital to/for... ...对…是极为重要的
②be of vital importance ...是至关重要
③It is vital (for sb.) to do sth. 某人做某事是极为重要的
④It is vital that … (should) do … 做某事是极为重要的
to keep
to/for
of
(should) work
commit vt. 承诺, 保证 vi.忠于; 全心全意投入
(committed-committed; committing)
committed adj. 尽心尽力的; 坚定的; 坚信的
commitment n. 承诺；交托；信奉
①make a commitment 做出承诺
committee n. 委员会
1)They were all _________(commit) socialists who fought for the interests of people.
2)Take a deeper look at the person behind the face before you make a ___________(commit).
committed
commitment
commit vt. 承诺, 保证 vi.忠于; 全心全意投入
①commit oneself to doing sth. 承诺/保证做...；致力于...
committed adj. 尽心尽力的; 坚定的; 坚信的
②be committed to doing sth. 承诺/保证做...; 忠于...; 致力于...
commitment n. 承诺；交托；信奉
③make a commitment 做出承诺
3)Liu Hulan committed herself to______ (fight)for the happiness of the people of the whole nation.
4)The President is ________(commit) to reforming health care.
5)他一生致力于教育事业。
He committed himself to the cause of education all his life.
He was committed to the cause of education all his life.
fighting
committed
objective n. 目标; 目的 & adj. 客观的
①with the objective of… 目的是/为了…
object v .反对 & n.物体；目的；宾语
subjective adj.主观的;主语的;主格的
1)The Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria.
2)主要目标
the main objective
3)达到 / 实现你的目标
meet/achieve your objectives
4)客观的分析
an objective analysis
1)Users will make an evaluation of the site based on what they see.
evaluate vt. 评价; 评估
①evaluate sb. on ... 根据...评价某人
evaluation n.评价、评估；[医学]诊断;
②make an evaluation of... 对……进行评估
1)用distinct及其正确形式填空
The two flowers are quite _______ from one another, so it is easy to make a _________ between them.
2)很明显，吸烟有害健康。
It is distinct that smoking is harmful to health.
distinct adj. 清晰的/清楚的; 有区别,不同的
①A be distinct from B (in C ) A与B (在C方面) 不同
②It is distinct that...　 很明显……
distinctly adv. 清楚地，明显
distinction n.[C]差别/区别 [U] 区分/辨别 [U] 优秀/卓越
distinctive adj. 有特色的
distinct
distinction
boil vt./vi. (使)沸腾; 煮开; 烧开 n. 沸腾; 沸点
boiled adj. 煮沸的，煮熟的
boiling adj. 沸腾的；激昂的
你应该多喝些开水。
You ought to drink more ______(boil) water.
boiled
obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得; 贏得vi.(规章、习俗等)存在; 流行
①obtain sb. sth. 给某人带来某物
=obtain sth. for sb.
1)获得知识/允许/支持/机会/学位
obtain knowledge/permission/support/an opportunity/one's degree
　　
2)The longer this situation obtains, the more extensive the problems become.
1)With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge _______(steal) the lady's purse.
2)He is acknowledged _______ one of the best players in the world.
3)It _________ (acknowledge) that success never comes out of thin air.
4)人们普遍认为，全球变暖的主要原因是人类活动。
It is generally acknowledged that the main cause of global warming is human activity.
acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢
①acknowledge doing /having done 承认做了……
②acknowledge A as/to be B 承认A是B
③It's widely/generally/universally acknowledged that…
……是大家所公认的
acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢
stealing
/having stolen
as/to be
is acknowledged
defeat n.[C&U] 失败; 挫败 vt. 击败; 战胜
defeat/beat +某人或某个集体
win/lose + game/match/race/election/prize
1)The visiting team ________(defeat) by our women football team last night, which made our fans excited and proud.
2)________(defeat) again, the scientist didn't give up.
3)他赢了我。
He defeated/beat me. √
He won me. ×
Defeated
was defeated
apparently adv. 显而易见; 看来; 显然
apparent adj.显而易见的；明白易懂的；显然的；表面上
①It is apparent that… 显然...
1)It is apparent that some effective measures must be taken immediately to solve the pollution problem.
“显然”的表达还有：
It is clear/obvious/distinct/evident that. . .
Clearly/Obviously/Distinctly/Evidently. . .
insist vi./vt. 坚持; 坚决要求
①insist on doing sth. 坚持要求做某事
②insist+that从句时，有两种情况：
a.表示“坚持主张/强烈要求”时，从句用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。
b.表示“坚持说/认为”时，从句用陈述语气, 从句谓语按实际需要选择时态。
1)He insisted on ______ (pay) for the meal in return for my assistance.
2)妈妈坚持要我向他道歉。
My mom insisted that I should apologize to him.
3)虽然没人相信，他坚持认为他没做错任何事。
Though nobody believed, he insisted that he had done nothing wrong.
paying
scientific adj.科学(上)的;细致严谨的;科学的
science n.科学
scientist n.科学家
1)用science及其正确形式填空
Einstein is a _______who has made outstanding _______ contributions in the field of ________.
2)科学研究
scientific research
3)科学方法
a scientific method/approach
scientist
scientific
science
1)These products can stand wear and tear.
2)The furniture suffers a lot of wear and tear when the children are at home.
wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损; 损耗
wear-wore-worn v.穿，戴; 蓄留; 流露（表情）; 磨损
tear-tore-torn v.撕/扯/划开; 撕/拔/扯掉;疾驰; 受…伤害
conclusion n. [U]结论; 推论
①come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论
②in conclusion 总而言之
conclude vt. 推断出, 得出结论 vi. 结束, 终止
1)用conclude及其正确形式填空
A: Did you come to any ________
B: Yes, we ________ that by drawing out the extract at a low temperature, we could find the substance that we needed to complete the experiment. In ________, we are going to achieve the final success.
conclusions
concluded
conclusion
conclusion n. 结论; 推论
conclude vt. 推断出, 得出结论 vi. 结束, 终止
③conclude from...　　　 从……中推断出
④conclude sth. with sth. 以……结束……
= conclude sth. by doing sth.
⑤to conclude 最后
2)用conclude及其相关短语填空
A:I have talked so much. To _______ , the teacher concluded his class ______a funny story. So concluding _____ what I said, do you think what kind of person he is
B:He must be humorous.
3)He conclude the meeting by _______(wish) everyone a safe trip home.
conclude
with
from
wishing
circumstance n.条件；环境；状况
常用复数
It is amazing that they did so well ______ the circumstances.
Under/In no circumstances _____ I expect that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job.
under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下
under/In no circumstances 决不，无论如何不
（置于句首，用部分倒装）
无论如何我们都不应该放弃我们的梦想。
________________________________________________
Under/In no circumstances should we give up our dreams.
under/in
did
found vt.创建
founded-founded; founding
The town ___________ (found) by English settlers in 1790.
His theory is founded _____ facts.
A be founded on B A（被）建立在B基础上
find-found-found（发现）
foundation n.基础/地基
founder n.创办者
was founded
on
passion n.酷爱；激情
①be full of passion 充满激情
②with passion 富有激情/有激情地
③have a passion for... 对...酷爱/热爱
1)Spring represents hope; summer is full of passion; autumn brings the happiness of harvest; winter prepares for a New Year.
2)Having a strong passion ______ knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics eventually.
3))She has no arms but she still has a mind _______ passion and determination.
4)他正在演讲，饱含激情，还向我挥了挥手。(非谓语)
He is delivering a speech with/full of passion, waving at me.
for
with
come to power 当权，掌权
Th president came to power several years ago, and until now he has been in power for 4 years.
He said he was very sorry because is was ______ his power to make the final decision.
be in power 当权（表状态）
within one’s power 在某人能力范围内
beyond one’s power 在某人能力范围之外/某人力所不能及
1.After he ___________（当权），the country was becoming richer.
came to power
powerful adj.强大的
表动作
out of one’s power
beyond
consequence n.结果；后果
consequent adj.随之发生的
It rained that day. As a consequence, the football game was called off.
As a consequence of the heavy rain, the football game was called off.
as a consequence/result 结果/因此
as a consequence/result of… 由于……
1.Jack 努力学习，因此，他最终被斯坦佛大学录取了。
________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
1) Jack has worked hard. As a consequence, he was admitted to Stanford University finally.
2)As a consequence of Jack’s hard work, he was admitted to Stanford University finally.
consequently adv. 因此
take up
拿起；开始从事；占据（时间/空间）
He takes up a pen and writes down his name.
When she graduated, she took up writing.
Smart phones not only take up our valuable time, but also do great harm to our health.
take off
take in
take on
take over
1.After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane took up her job as a doctor in the countryside.
2.Although basketball took up most of my free time, I didn’t neglect my study.
开始从事
脱掉；起飞；突然成功/腾飞
吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
呈现（新面貌等）；承担
接管
占据
encounter vt.偶然碰倒，遇到 & n. 邂逅，遭遇
=come across/meet with
①encounter sb./sth. = have an encounter with sb./sth. 遇见/相遇
sum up总结；概括
summed-summed-summing
To sum up, for a healthy heart you must take regular exercise and stop smoking.
I had to spend a large sum of money to get it back.
to sum up/in sum
a large sum of …
1.现在用几句话概括一下你的观点。
_______________________________________________________________
2.总之，我想说这次会议非常成功。
_______________________________________________________________
Now sum up your views/opinions in a few words.
总之
一大笔……
in a word/in short/in conclusion
To sum up/In sum, I’d like to say the conference is a great success.