(共38张PPT)
Unit 1
People of Achievement
(Words and Expressions)
选 择 性 必 修 一
n.生理学;生理机能
physiology
/ f zi l d i/
biology: 生物学
geology:地质学
sociology:社会学
ecology:生态学
biologist: 生物学家
geologist:地质学家
sociologist:社会学家
ecologist:生态学家
physiological adj.生理学的
Physiologist n.生理学家
artemisinin / ɑ t mi:s n n/ n.【药】青蒿素
malaria /m le ri / n.疟疾
crucial / kru l/ adj.至关重要的;关键性的
crucially adv.关键性地
同:very important;vital
play a crucial role/part in... 在…中起至关重要的作用
be crucial to/for … 对…至关重要
父母对孩在孩子的成长中起着至关重要的作用。
Parents play a crucial role in the growth of children.
vital
/ va tl/
adj.必不可少的;极其重要的
vitally adv.至关重要地
同:
important, essential, significant, crucial, critical, necessary
be vital to/for 对…极为重要的
be of vital importance …是至关重要的
It is vital that…(should) do sth 做某事是十分重要的
It is vital (for sb) to do sth (对某人来说) 做某事…很重要
这些措施对国家安全很重要。
These measures are vital to/for national security.
commit
/k m t/
vt.承诺,保证
vi.忠于,全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth)
承诺/保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
be committed to doing sth. 致力于做某事
committed-committed-committing
committed adj. 坚定的,尽心尽力的
commitment n. 承诺,奉献
他投身于教育事业。
He was committed to the cause of education.
academic research 学术研究
Chinese Academy of Sciences 中国科学院
academy
/ k d mi/
n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院,学会,专科院校
academic / k dem k/ adj.学业的;学术的
反:subjective adj.主观的
object n. 物体 v. 反对
objective
/ b d ekt v/
n.目标,目的 adj.客观的
set/ achieve an objective 设定/实现目标(goal)
an objective attitude 客观的态度
object to(doing)sth 反对(做)某事
我们必须给自己设定目标。
We must set objectives for ourselves.
a botanical garden 植物园
botanical
/b t n kl/
adj.植物学的
botany / b t( )ni/ n. 植物学
botanist n. 植物学家
evaluate
/ v ljue t/
vt.评价,评估
evaluation n. 评估;评价
evaluate one’s ability/ the cost 评价某人的能力/评估费用
evaluate sb. on ... 根据...评价某人
make an evaluation of... 对……进行评估
他们对该医疗制度进行了评估。
They made an evaluation of the health care system.
intellectual property rights 知识产权 (IPR)
chemical/ physical properties
化学性质/物理性质
medical properties 药性
property
/ pr p ti/
n.性质,特征,财产
我们将加强知识产权保护。
We will strengthen protection of intellectual property rights.
distinctive adj.独特的,有特色的
distinction n. 区别;差别
distinguish v. 区分
distinct
/d st kt/
adj.清晰的,清楚的;有区别的
A be distinct from B A与B不同
It is distinct that... 很明显……
distinguish between right and wrong 明辨是非
把A与B区分开来
extract
/ ekstr kt/
n.提取物,摘录
vt.摘录,提取
extraction n.提取;提炼
extract sth from sth 从某物中提取某物
本文选自他的新书。
This article is extracted from his new book.
obtainable adj.可获得的
“获得” 近义词: acquire, gain , earn
obtain
/ b te n/
vt.(尤指经努力)获得,赢得
vi.(规章;习俗等)存在;流行
obtain advice/information/permission 得到忠告、信息、许可
obtain…from… 从……中获得/取得……
我最终设法弄到了这份报告的一个副本。
I finally managed to obtain a copy of the report.
acknowledgement n. 承认;确认;鸣谢(常用pl.)
acknowledge
/ k n l d /
vt.承认(属实,权威等)
(公开)感谢
acknowledge doing / having done sth. 承认做了某事
acknowledge...as/ to be... 承认... 是...
It is universally/ widely acknowledged that... 普遍认为...
acknowledge that …… 承认……
in acknowledgement of 感谢……
人们普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。
It is widely acknowledged that he is the best player in the world .
defeat sb./ an enemy 打败某人/敌人
suffer defeat 遭受失败
acknowledge/ admit defeat 认输
defeat
/d fi t/
n.失败,挫败 vt.击败,战胜
他三盘都击败了冠军。
He defeated the champion in three sets.
analyse data/statistics 分析数据
analyse
/ n la z/
vt.分析
analysis n. 分析 -- analyses (复数)
我们需要分析是什么出了差错。
We need to analyze what went wrong.
apparently
/ p r ntli/
adv.显而易见,看来,显然
apparent adj. 明显的(obvious)
同:obviously/ evidently/ clearly
As is apparently shown/stated in the chart/passage above
正如上面图表/文中展示/陈述的那样
It is apparent that……(=apparently) 显然……
孩子们显然知道真相。
The kids apparently know the truth.
insist on/ upon (doing) sth. 坚决要求做某事
insist + that 从句
insist
/ n s st/
vi.&vt.坚持,坚决要求
insist 表示“坚决要求”时,that 从句中用虚拟语气,即 insist (that) + (should) do
表示“坚持说”和“坚持认为”时则不用虚拟语气。
她坚持要求工作要提前完成。
She insisted that the work ____________________(finish) ahead of schedule.
我妹妹坚持说她是正确的。
My sister insisted that___________________.
(should) be finished
she was right
scientific
/ sa n t f k/
adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的
science n.科学
scientist n.科学家
science and technology 科学技术
science fiction 科幻小说
science museum 科学博物馆
come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论
jump to a conclusion 匆忙下结论
最后,总之:In conclusion ;In a word;In short;To sum up;All in all
conclude (sth.) with 以……结束(某事)
conclude vt. 断定;得出结论
conclusion
/k n klu n/
n.结论,推论
总之,健康对我们是非常重要的。
In conclusion, health is very important for us.
flee-fled-fled
/fli /
vi.&vt.迅速离开,逃跑
flee
flee from = escape from... 从……逃跑
flee to/into 逃到/进
和家人争吵过后,他逃到了另一个城市。
He fled to another city after an argument with his family.
我们绝不能做对他人不利的事。
Under no circumstances should we do terrible things to other people.
circumstance
/ s k mst ns/
[usually pl.] n.条件,环境,状况
in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下
in/under no circumstances
决不;无论如何不(放在句首,部分倒装)
近义短语 “绝不,任何情况都不”:in no case, in no way, on no condition, on no account, at no time
novelist
/ n v l st/
n.小说家
novel+ist =小说家
journalist:记者
artist:画家
violinist:小提琴家
capitalist:资本家
scientist:科学家
novel n.小说
flow
/fl /
n.流,流动,流畅,供应
flow through/into 流经、流进
go with the flow 随大流
我们不应该随波逐流。
We should not go with the flow.
lay a solid/ firm foundation for... 为...打下坚实的基础
found
/fa nd/
vt.创建;建立;把…建立在
found-founded-founded-founding
近:build, set up, establish
founder n. 创办者,奠基者
foundation n. 基础;地基;创立
区分: find (寻找)---found---found
他在2019年创办了一个公司。
He founded a company in 2019.
infer
/ n f (r)/
vt.推断,推定
What can we infer from the text (阅读理解题常见)
因infer意为“推断”,必定是推断文中没有明说的,是要求考生根据文中已有信息再结合已有常识进行适当推断得出作者没有明说的言外之意或弦外之音。
inference n.推论;推断
relativity
/ rel t v ti/
n.相对论,相对性
gentle
/ d entl/
adj.温柔的,文静的
gently adv. 温柔地,温和地
gentleness n. 温和,和缓,宽大
反:rude adj.粗鲁的 rudeness n.粗鲁
relative adj.相对的 n.亲戚
passion
/ p n/
n.酷爱,激情
have a passion for 对……有激情
full of passion 充满激情
passionate adj.热情的
他酷爱英语。
He has a passion for English.
doctorate
/ d kt r t /
n.博士学位
doctor’s degree 博士学位
bachelor’s degree 学士学位
master’s degree 硕士学位
+专业
他获得了社会心理学博士学位。
He obtained his doctorate in Social Psychology.
extraordinary
/ k str dnri/
adj.不一般的,非凡的,
意想不到的
ordinary adj.普通的,平凡的
类似:
curriculum n. 课程—extracurriculum 课外的
gradually
/ ɡr d u li/
adv.逐渐地,逐步地
gradual adj.逐渐的
as a consequence / in consequence 结果;因此 = as a result
as a consequence of / in consequence of 由于..原因= as a result of sth
consequence
/ k ns kw ns/
n.结果,后果
consequent adj. 随之而来的
consequently adv. 因此,所以
全球变暖以及随之而来的气候变化影响了我们所有人。
The warming of the earth and the consequent climatic changes affect us all.
peculiarity
/p kju li r ti/
n.个性,特点,怪异的性质
peculiar / p kju li (r) / adj.奇怪的;特别的
近:particular adj.特殊的
同: come across/ run into
encounter
/ n ka nt (r)/
vt.偶然碰到,遇到
encounter sb. / problems 遇到某人/问题
have an encounter with... 与...相遇
professor
/pr fes (r)/
n.教授
profession n.职业
professional adj.专业的
他的职业是一名专业的教授。
His profession is a professional professor.
mourn
/ m n /
vt.&.vi. 哀悼; 忧伤
mourn for… 哀悼…;为…而忧伤
remarkable
/r mɑ k bl/
adj.非凡的,显著的
remark n./v. 言论;评述
同:outstanding,extraordinary
be remarkable for 以……著称
make a remark/remarks on/upon 对……发表意见
remark on/upon 谈论/评论……
这个编辑评论说这篇文章写得很好。
The editor remarked that the article was well written.
sum
/s m/
vi.总结,概括 n.金额,款项,总数,总和
a large / small sum of money
sum up 总结,概括
to sum up 总之
summary n. 总结
summarize vi & vt 总结;概括
总之,我希望你不辜负我们学校的期望。
To sum up,I wish you could live up to the expectation of our school.
draft
/drɑ ft/
n.草稿;草案 vt.起草;草拟
a draft constitution/treaty/agreement
宪法/跳跃/协议草案
draft a document/constitution 起草文件/宪法
我会为你草拟一封信。
I will draft a letter for you.
Unit 1
Thank You!
(Words and Expressions)
选 择 性 必 修 一