【学霸笔记】第二部分 单元话题阅读 4人与社会自我：运动与健康 星期四 阅读理解（含解析）高中英语人教版必修第一册-高中同步周周测
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| 名称 | 【学霸笔记】第二部分 单元话题阅读 4人与社会自我：运动与健康 星期四 阅读理解（含解析）高中英语人教版必修第一册-高中同步周周测 |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 19.1KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-09-26 16:19:52 | ||
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星期四 阅读理解
(分值：20分)
(每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life，new research may come as a shock.According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.
Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1,000 joggers(慢跑者) and non-joggers for 12 years.The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a proper pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die.The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour.The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers.The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉)．Over time，this can cause serious effects.
Peter Schnohr，a researcher in Copenhagen，said，“If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy(寿命)，jogging a few times a week at a proper pace is a good strategy.Anything more is not just unnecessary，but it may be harmful.”
The implications(暗示) of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi，yoga and walking may be better for us than iron man events，triathlons and long-distance running and cycling.According to Jacob Louis Marott，another researcher involved in the study，“You don’t actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health.And perhaps you shouldn’t actually do too much.”
1．Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “strenuous” in paragraph 1
A．Regular. B．Hard.
C．Practical. D．Limited.
2．Why does the author present the figures in paragraph 2
A. To suggest giving up jogging.
B．To show risks of doing sports.
C．To provide supportive evidence.
D．To introduce the research content.
3．According to the scientists，why is too much exercise harmful
A. Because it may injure the heart and arteries.
B．Because it can make the body tired out.
C．Because it will bring much pressure.
D．Because it consumes too much energy.
4．What can be the best title of the text
A. No Exercise at All Is the Best Choice
B．More Exercise Means a Healthier Life
C．Marathon Runners Are Least Likely to Die
D．Too Strenuous Exercise Is No Better Than None
读写积累 1．indicate v．表明，显示；象征，暗示 2．moderate adj.适度的，中等的；温和的；不激烈的 3．involve v．牵涉，涉及；包含，需要；使陷入，使卷入；(使)参加，加入(本文为此义) 4．live a．..life 过……的生活 5．come as a shock 令人震惊，让人大吃一惊 6．at a proper pace 以适当的速度 7．...jogging a few times a week at a proper pace is a good strategy. 句式结构：动名词短语作主语。 句子翻译：……每周以适当的速度慢跑几次是一个很好的策略。
B
If you thought running was just great for the body，then think again.Scientists have found that the sport not only keeps people fit but also improves their brain power(脑力)．
The research found that people who keep fit are more likely to have larger brains，better memories and clearer thinking.They also found that unfit people tend to have smaller brains and reduced cognitive skills.The findings add to a growing body of evidence which links exercise with helping protect the brain against ageing(老化) and also helping it replace dying cells(死细胞)．This might reduce the risk of many illnesses and diseases such as Alzheimer’s.
One research paper within its latest issue sees scientists at Kentucky University putting 30 adults aged 59－69 on a treadmill(跑步机)．Their heart and lung capacity was measured and an MRI scanner was used to assess the blood flow to their brains.Those who were less fit had smaller brains compared to the fitter volunteers who had larger brains.Scientists in Germany followed 21 adults aged between 60－77.As they went through a three-month fitness program，they saw improvements in their memory.
Researchers are not yet sure why exercise helps to protect brain cells but some research in mice has produced results.Mice，examined at the National Institute on Ageing，in Baltimore，were found that cells in the hippocampus(海马体)，an area of the brain used for memory，were actively reproducing while their fatter peers were in decline.
Linda Clare，professor of clinical psychology of ageing and dementia at Exeter University and a member of the Global Council on Brain Health told The Sunday Times：“Moderate intensity aerobic(有氧的) activity such as walking，cycling or running can produce changes in brain structure and function.”
5．Who tend to have larger brains，better memories and clearer thinking
A．People who are healthy.
B．People who are thin.
C．People who are unhealthy.
D．People who are fat.
6．What do we learn from the experiment in paragraph 3
A. Those who were less fit had larger brains.
B．Those who were fitter had smaller brains.
C．Exercise helps people improve their memory.
D．Old people who do exercise can improve their memory better than young people.
7．Accord to Linda Clare，what kind of activity can NOT produce changes in brain structure and function
A．Walking. B．Singing.
C．Cycling. D．Running.
8．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To tell you sports improve your brain power.
B．To introduce some good ways to keep healthy.
C．To teach you how to best spend time in doing sports.
D．To introduce several ways to improve your memory.
读写积累 1．cognitive adj.认知的；认识的 2．latest adj.最近的，最新的 3．assess v．评估；估价；估算 4．reduce the risk of 减少……的风险 5．go through熟义：经受；通过 生义：检查；用完，耗尽；参加(本文为此义) 6．in decline 减少，下降，在衰退中 7．tend to do倾向于，往往会 8．Scientists have found that the sport not only keeps people fit but also improves their brain power. 句式结构：that引导宾语从句；not only...but also...结构。 句子翻译：科学家们发现，这项运动不仅能让人保持健康，还能提高人们的脑力。
答案精析
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。研究表明那些从事剧烈运动的人和根本不做运动的人的死亡概率一样，这是因为剧烈运动会损害心脏和动脉。适度的运动才有助于健康。
1．B [词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life，new research may come as a shock.”可知，那些做strenuous运动的人和根本不做运动的人死亡的可能性一样。由此可以推测“running marathons”属于“strenuous 运动”；再根据第二段中“because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉)”可推测，strenuous运动是指“剧烈运动”。strenuous意为“高强度的，剧烈的”，与hard意思相近。故选B。]
2．C [推理判断题。根据第二段中“The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers.”可知，研究表明每周慢跑超过三次或时速超过7英里的人的死亡率与非慢跑者相同，所以作者在第二段中呈现研究数据是为了提供证据，以支持文章第一段提出的观点：做非常剧烈运动的人和根本不做运动的人死亡的可能性一样。故选C。]
3．A [细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉)．Over time，this can cause serious effects.”可知，运动过度可能会损伤心脏和动脉。故选A。]
4．D [标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段第二句和第三段中“Anything more is not just unnecessary，but it may be harmful.”可知，做太剧烈的运动不会比不做运动更好，适度的运动才会对健康有好处。故D项适合做文章标题。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力。
5．A [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，身体健康的人大脑更大，记忆力更好，思维更清晰。故选A。]
6．C [细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，锻炼可以帮助人们增强记忆力。故选C。]
7．B [细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Moderate intensity aerobic(有氧的) activity such as walking，cycling or running can produce changes in brain structure and function.”可知，唱歌不能改变大脑的结构和功能。故选B。]
8．A [写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力。因此作者的写作目的是告诉读者运动可以提高自身的脑力。故选A。]
(分值：20分)
(每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life，new research may come as a shock.According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.
Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1,000 joggers(慢跑者) and non-joggers for 12 years.The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a proper pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die.The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour.The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers.The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉)．Over time，this can cause serious effects.
Peter Schnohr，a researcher in Copenhagen，said，“If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy(寿命)，jogging a few times a week at a proper pace is a good strategy.Anything more is not just unnecessary，but it may be harmful.”
The implications(暗示) of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi，yoga and walking may be better for us than iron man events，triathlons and long-distance running and cycling.According to Jacob Louis Marott，another researcher involved in the study，“You don’t actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health.And perhaps you shouldn’t actually do too much.”
1．Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “strenuous” in paragraph 1
A．Regular. B．Hard.
C．Practical. D．Limited.
2．Why does the author present the figures in paragraph 2
A. To suggest giving up jogging.
B．To show risks of doing sports.
C．To provide supportive evidence.
D．To introduce the research content.
3．According to the scientists，why is too much exercise harmful
A. Because it may injure the heart and arteries.
B．Because it can make the body tired out.
C．Because it will bring much pressure.
D．Because it consumes too much energy.
4．What can be the best title of the text
A. No Exercise at All Is the Best Choice
B．More Exercise Means a Healthier Life
C．Marathon Runners Are Least Likely to Die
D．Too Strenuous Exercise Is No Better Than None
读写积累 1．indicate v．表明，显示；象征，暗示 2．moderate adj.适度的，中等的；温和的；不激烈的 3．involve v．牵涉，涉及；包含，需要；使陷入，使卷入；(使)参加，加入(本文为此义) 4．live a．..life 过……的生活 5．come as a shock 令人震惊，让人大吃一惊 6．at a proper pace 以适当的速度 7．...jogging a few times a week at a proper pace is a good strategy. 句式结构：动名词短语作主语。 句子翻译：……每周以适当的速度慢跑几次是一个很好的策略。
B
If you thought running was just great for the body，then think again.Scientists have found that the sport not only keeps people fit but also improves their brain power(脑力)．
The research found that people who keep fit are more likely to have larger brains，better memories and clearer thinking.They also found that unfit people tend to have smaller brains and reduced cognitive skills.The findings add to a growing body of evidence which links exercise with helping protect the brain against ageing(老化) and also helping it replace dying cells(死细胞)．This might reduce the risk of many illnesses and diseases such as Alzheimer’s.
One research paper within its latest issue sees scientists at Kentucky University putting 30 adults aged 59－69 on a treadmill(跑步机)．Their heart and lung capacity was measured and an MRI scanner was used to assess the blood flow to their brains.Those who were less fit had smaller brains compared to the fitter volunteers who had larger brains.Scientists in Germany followed 21 adults aged between 60－77.As they went through a three-month fitness program，they saw improvements in their memory.
Researchers are not yet sure why exercise helps to protect brain cells but some research in mice has produced results.Mice，examined at the National Institute on Ageing，in Baltimore，were found that cells in the hippocampus(海马体)，an area of the brain used for memory，were actively reproducing while their fatter peers were in decline.
Linda Clare，professor of clinical psychology of ageing and dementia at Exeter University and a member of the Global Council on Brain Health told The Sunday Times：“Moderate intensity aerobic(有氧的) activity such as walking，cycling or running can produce changes in brain structure and function.”
5．Who tend to have larger brains，better memories and clearer thinking
A．People who are healthy.
B．People who are thin.
C．People who are unhealthy.
D．People who are fat.
6．What do we learn from the experiment in paragraph 3
A. Those who were less fit had larger brains.
B．Those who were fitter had smaller brains.
C．Exercise helps people improve their memory.
D．Old people who do exercise can improve their memory better than young people.
7．Accord to Linda Clare，what kind of activity can NOT produce changes in brain structure and function
A．Walking. B．Singing.
C．Cycling. D．Running.
8．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To tell you sports improve your brain power.
B．To introduce some good ways to keep healthy.
C．To teach you how to best spend time in doing sports.
D．To introduce several ways to improve your memory.
读写积累 1．cognitive adj.认知的；认识的 2．latest adj.最近的，最新的 3．assess v．评估；估价；估算 4．reduce the risk of 减少……的风险 5．go through熟义：经受；通过 生义：检查；用完，耗尽；参加(本文为此义) 6．in decline 减少，下降，在衰退中 7．tend to do倾向于，往往会 8．Scientists have found that the sport not only keeps people fit but also improves their brain power. 句式结构：that引导宾语从句；not only...but also...结构。 句子翻译：科学家们发现，这项运动不仅能让人保持健康，还能提高人们的脑力。
答案精析
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。研究表明那些从事剧烈运动的人和根本不做运动的人的死亡概率一样，这是因为剧烈运动会损害心脏和动脉。适度的运动才有助于健康。
1．B [词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life，new research may come as a shock.”可知，那些做strenuous运动的人和根本不做运动的人死亡的可能性一样。由此可以推测“running marathons”属于“strenuous 运动”；再根据第二段中“because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉)”可推测，strenuous运动是指“剧烈运动”。strenuous意为“高强度的，剧烈的”，与hard意思相近。故选B。]
2．C [推理判断题。根据第二段中“The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers.”可知，研究表明每周慢跑超过三次或时速超过7英里的人的死亡率与非慢跑者相同，所以作者在第二段中呈现研究数据是为了提供证据，以支持文章第一段提出的观点：做非常剧烈运动的人和根本不做运动的人死亡的可能性一样。故选C。]
3．A [细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉)．Over time，this can cause serious effects.”可知，运动过度可能会损伤心脏和动脉。故选A。]
4．D [标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段第二句和第三段中“Anything more is not just unnecessary，but it may be harmful.”可知，做太剧烈的运动不会比不做运动更好，适度的运动才会对健康有好处。故D项适合做文章标题。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力。
5．A [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，身体健康的人大脑更大，记忆力更好，思维更清晰。故选A。]
6．C [细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，锻炼可以帮助人们增强记忆力。故选C。]
7．B [细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Moderate intensity aerobic(有氧的) activity such as walking，cycling or running can produce changes in brain structure and function.”可知，唱歌不能改变大脑的结构和功能。故选B。]
8．A [写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力。因此作者的写作目的是告诉读者运动可以提高自身的脑力。故选A。]