【学霸笔记】第二部分 单元话题阅读 5人与自然：自然灾害 星期三 完形填空＋语法填空（含解析）高中英语人教版必修第一册-高中同步周周测
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| 名称 | 【学霸笔记】第二部分 单元话题阅读 5人与自然：自然灾害 星期三 完形填空＋语法填空（含解析）高中英语人教版必修第一册-高中同步周周测 |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 22.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-09-26 16:19:52 | ||
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星期三 完形填空＋语法填空
(分值：45分)
Ⅰ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
Hurricane Harvey struck Texas over two years ago，and many communities continue to feel its effects today.The areas that were 1 most by Harvey were already facing many economic 2 .After Harvey hit，the people who were 3 to meet their basic needs were faced with having to rebuild their lives and their homes as well. 4 Harvey and the affected communities，the East Harris County Recovery Project was created to help individuals and families that were hit particularly 5 by the hurricane and support them as they 6 .Good360，a non-profit charity group，is 7 to partner with this organization to assist the 8 communities.
Good360 donated backpacks to East Harris County Empowerment Council for students returning to school this fall who 9 would not have been able to buy new backpacks.The weeks 10 the start of school are particularly hard for families.Parents are often forced to choose between having 11 on the dinner table，putting gas in the car，and buying school 12 for their children.The donation of backpacks allowed them to 13 meeting other needs.
One family in the county was especially impacted by this donation.When it came time to buy school items，the mother was 14 that she would not have enough money for her two children in school.Thanks to Good360’s 15 ，both children received brand new backpacks.
1．A.applied B．hit
C．funded D．relieved
2．A.challenges B．impressions
C．currents D．services
3．A.signaling B．struggling
C．confirming D．marching
4．A.In case of B．In addition to
C．In response to D．In place of
5．A.fancy B．ordinary
C．hard D．orderly
6．A.recover B．revise
C．reflect D．retire
7．A.shocked B．unlikely
C．anxious D．proud
8．A.defeated B．deserted
C．unearthed D．impacted
9．A.otherwise B．further
C．entirely D．moreover
10．A.setting a limit to B．referring to
C．leading up to D．giving rise to
11．A.fun B．food
C．difficulty D．argument
12．A.games B．business
C．sources D．supplies
13．A.focus on B．occur to
C．draw on D．bring up
14．A.inspired B．concerned
C．determined D．scared
15．A.procedure B．rescue
C．donation D．power
读写积累 1．strike v．突然想到，突然意识到；撞击；(疾病、灾难等)侵袭；罢工；敲响 2．non-profit adj.非营利的 3．assist v．帮助，协助 4．donate v．捐赠，赠送 5．be faced with 面临；面对
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共30分)
A
On February 16,1861，a big earthquake struck Sumatra，an Indonesian island.The earthquake shook the Western side of the island，1. (cause) a tsunami(海啸)．That wall of water poured onto shore，destroying towns and taking thousands of 2. (life)．
Recently，though，a team of scientists discovered that another earthquake occurred before this deadly event.According to the record，that earthquake 3. (start) in 1829 and lasted for 32 years but no one felt even one shake.This kind of slow-moving earthquake 4.________________(call) “silent earthquakes” because no instrument can find them.Scientists have only begun discovering them because 5. the advances in GPS technology in the last twenty years.
6． (figure) out what is going on under the ground，scientists need to study earthquakes.Every earthquake，either small 7. big，can teach scientists something about how much the ground will shake in the future.Unluckily，no one can predict(预测) when an earthquake will hit.Scientists just have to prepare to study all earthquakes 8. strike.
But silent earthquakes like the one in Sumatra change the game for scientists.These silent earthquakes happen all over 9. world.Sometimes，a silent earthquake happens just before a regular one，both of which might be related.By studying silent earthquakes，scientists hope to better understand regular earthquakes and 10. (possible) predict them.
读写积累 1．shake v．(使)震颤，(使)震动 2．pour v．熟义：倾倒，倒出；斟，倒(饮料等)；倾泻，涌流(本文为此义) 生义：(人、物)接踵而至，纷至沓来；(雨)倾盆而下；大量注入(资金) 3．deadly adj.致命的；极度的 4．record n．记录，记载 5．last v．持续；持久 6．advance n．前进；进步，进展 7．regular adj.熟义：经常做(或发生)的，频繁的 生义：经常做某事的，常去某地的；惯常的，通常的(本文为此义) 8．figure out 弄清楚；解决；算出；想出；理解
B
It has been widely accepted that dinosaurs died out because of 1. unexpected incident.But wildlife today disappears or is in danger just because humans do harm 2._________________ it.For example，tigers are hunted for fur to make carpets；grassland 3._________________(destroy) without mercy (怜悯); so that a lot of animals can only live in secure reserves.
Last year，scientists saw some monkeys making use of a certain kind of insects to protect themselves from fierce 4. (mosquito)．After a careful study，scientists found that the insects contain a 5. (power) drug.Then local farmers were employed 6.______________(catch) the insects to make medicine.The result was that the insects disappeared from the whole area.When the farmers were told that it was a loss to humans they burst into 7._______________(laugh) and responded，“The real loss is 8. (we) decreasing income.”
We should appreciate the natural balance 9. pay more attention to the importance of wildlife protection.Not until we succeed in 10. (live) in harmony with wildlife，can we smile in relief.
读写积累 1．unexpected adj.出乎意料的；始料不及的 2．appreciate v. 熟义：欣赏；感激 生义：意识到；理解；重视(本文为此义) 3．die out 灭绝；消失 4．make use of 使用；利用 5．The result was that the insects disappeared from the whole area. 句式结构：that引导表语从句。 句子翻译：结果就是这些昆虫在整个地区都消失了。
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了飓风“哈维”袭击了得克萨斯州之后，政府和慈善机构帮助灾区人民恢复生活，渡过难关的故事。
1．B [根据上文“Hurricane Harvey struck Texas”及下文“After Harvey hit”可知，此处指受飓风打击最严重的地区。故选B。]
2．A [根据后文“the people who were to meet their basic needs were faced with having to rebuild their lives and their homes as well”可知，这些地区面临许多经济挑战。故选A。]
3．B [根据前文“After Harvey hit”及后文“to meet their basic needs”可知，在飓风袭击之后，灾民需要努力满足基本需求。故选B。]
4．C [根据后文“the East Harris County Recovery Project was created to help individuals and families that were hit particularly by the hurricane”可知，恢复工程的创建是为了应对飓风给灾区人民带来的灾害。故选C。]
5．C [根据前文“The areas that were most by Harvey were already facing many economic .”可知，恢复工程是要帮助灾民，尤其是遭到飓风猛烈袭击的灾民。故选C。]
6．A [根据常识和前文“the East Harris County Recovery Project”可知，恢复工程在灾民恢复生活时，提供支持。故选A。]
7．D [根据前文“a non-profit charity group”和后文“to partner with this organization to assist the communities”可知，作为一家非营利慈善机构，对于能帮助灾民渡过难关会感到非常自豪。故选D。]
8．D [基于前文分析可知，飓风袭击了该地区，所以慈善机构来帮助受影响的社区。故选D。]
9．A [根据语境和后文“would not have been able to buy new backpacks”可知，如果得不到帮助，他们就无法购买新书包。故选A。]
10．C [根据后文“Parents are often forced to choose between having on the dinner table，putting gas in the car，and buying school for their children.”可知，在开学的前几周对家庭来说是最艰难的。故选C。]
11．B [根据后文“on the dinner table”可知，此处指餐桌上的食物。故选B。]
12．D [根据语境和前文“school”以及后文“for their children”可知，此处指学习用品。故选D。]
13．A [基于前文分析可知，灾区的孩子们几乎买不起学习用品，根据后文“meeting other needs”可知，捐赠书包使他们能够着力于满足其他需求。故选A。]
14．B [基于前文分析可知，灾区的孩子们几乎买不起学习用品，根据后文“she would not have enough money for her two children in school”可知，这位妈妈在担心没有足够的钱给孩子买学习用品。故选B。]
15．C [根据前文“Good360 donated backpacks”及后文“both children received brand new backpacks”可知，两个孩子得到了Good360的捐赠。故选C。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是无声地震以及科学家们为预测这种地震所做的研究。
1．causing [考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语shook且无连词，所以空处应用非谓语动词，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填causing。]
2．lives [考查名词复数。由thousands of可知，此处life应用复数形式。故填lives。]
3．started [考查动词的时态。空处和lasted是并列的谓语动词，由in 1829可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填started。]
4．is called [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处在主句中作谓语，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语This kind of slow-moving earthquake 和动词call之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是单数。故填is called。]
5．of [考查介词。because of是固定搭配，意为“因为”，是介词短语，后面接名词短语。故填of。]
6．To figure [考查非谓语动词。空处是非谓语动词作状语，表目的，且动词figure和主语scientists是主动关系，应用动词不定式作目的状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填To figure。]
7．or [考查固定搭配。either...or...是固定搭配，意为“或者……或者……”。故填or。]
8．that [考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为earthquakes，指物，在定语从句中作主语，且先行词前由all修饰，只能用关系代词that来引导。故填that。]
9．the [考查冠词。all over the world是固定短语，意为“世界各地”。故填the。]
10．possibly [考查副词。修饰动词predict应用副词。故填possibly。]
1．an [考查冠词。此处泛指“一个意外事件”，且unexpected发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。]
2．to [考查介词。do harm to“对……造成伤害”，为固定短语。故填to。]
3．is destroyed [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；grassland和destroy之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。主语为不可数名词，故填is destroyed。]
4．mosquitoes/mosquitos [考查名词复数。mosquito为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用其复数形式。故填mosquitoes/mosquitos。]
5．powerful [考查形容词。修饰名词drug，应用形容词。故填powerful。]
6．to catch [考查非谓语动词。此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作状语。故填to catch。]
7．laughter [考查名词。burst into sth.“突然爆发，突然……起来”，为固定短语，介词后跟名词形式。故填laughter。]
8．our [考查代词。修饰名词income，应用形容词性物主代词。故填our。]
9．and [考查连词。根据句意可知，空处前后为并列谓语，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。]
10．living [考查非谓语动词。succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”，为固定搭配。故填living。]
(分值：45分)
Ⅰ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
Hurricane Harvey struck Texas over two years ago，and many communities continue to feel its effects today.The areas that were 1 most by Harvey were already facing many economic 2 .After Harvey hit，the people who were 3 to meet their basic needs were faced with having to rebuild their lives and their homes as well. 4 Harvey and the affected communities，the East Harris County Recovery Project was created to help individuals and families that were hit particularly 5 by the hurricane and support them as they 6 .Good360，a non-profit charity group，is 7 to partner with this organization to assist the 8 communities.
Good360 donated backpacks to East Harris County Empowerment Council for students returning to school this fall who 9 would not have been able to buy new backpacks.The weeks 10 the start of school are particularly hard for families.Parents are often forced to choose between having 11 on the dinner table，putting gas in the car，and buying school 12 for their children.The donation of backpacks allowed them to 13 meeting other needs.
One family in the county was especially impacted by this donation.When it came time to buy school items，the mother was 14 that she would not have enough money for her two children in school.Thanks to Good360’s 15 ，both children received brand new backpacks.
1．A.applied B．hit
C．funded D．relieved
2．A.challenges B．impressions
C．currents D．services
3．A.signaling B．struggling
C．confirming D．marching
4．A.In case of B．In addition to
C．In response to D．In place of
5．A.fancy B．ordinary
C．hard D．orderly
6．A.recover B．revise
C．reflect D．retire
7．A.shocked B．unlikely
C．anxious D．proud
8．A.defeated B．deserted
C．unearthed D．impacted
9．A.otherwise B．further
C．entirely D．moreover
10．A.setting a limit to B．referring to
C．leading up to D．giving rise to
11．A.fun B．food
C．difficulty D．argument
12．A.games B．business
C．sources D．supplies
13．A.focus on B．occur to
C．draw on D．bring up
14．A.inspired B．concerned
C．determined D．scared
15．A.procedure B．rescue
C．donation D．power
读写积累 1．strike v．突然想到，突然意识到；撞击；(疾病、灾难等)侵袭；罢工；敲响 2．non-profit adj.非营利的 3．assist v．帮助，协助 4．donate v．捐赠，赠送 5．be faced with 面临；面对
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共30分)
A
On February 16,1861，a big earthquake struck Sumatra，an Indonesian island.The earthquake shook the Western side of the island，1. (cause) a tsunami(海啸)．That wall of water poured onto shore，destroying towns and taking thousands of 2. (life)．
Recently，though，a team of scientists discovered that another earthquake occurred before this deadly event.According to the record，that earthquake 3. (start) in 1829 and lasted for 32 years but no one felt even one shake.This kind of slow-moving earthquake 4.________________(call) “silent earthquakes” because no instrument can find them.Scientists have only begun discovering them because 5. the advances in GPS technology in the last twenty years.
6． (figure) out what is going on under the ground，scientists need to study earthquakes.Every earthquake，either small 7. big，can teach scientists something about how much the ground will shake in the future.Unluckily，no one can predict(预测) when an earthquake will hit.Scientists just have to prepare to study all earthquakes 8. strike.
But silent earthquakes like the one in Sumatra change the game for scientists.These silent earthquakes happen all over 9. world.Sometimes，a silent earthquake happens just before a regular one，both of which might be related.By studying silent earthquakes，scientists hope to better understand regular earthquakes and 10. (possible) predict them.
读写积累 1．shake v．(使)震颤，(使)震动 2．pour v．熟义：倾倒，倒出；斟，倒(饮料等)；倾泻，涌流(本文为此义) 生义：(人、物)接踵而至，纷至沓来；(雨)倾盆而下；大量注入(资金) 3．deadly adj.致命的；极度的 4．record n．记录，记载 5．last v．持续；持久 6．advance n．前进；进步，进展 7．regular adj.熟义：经常做(或发生)的，频繁的 生义：经常做某事的，常去某地的；惯常的，通常的(本文为此义) 8．figure out 弄清楚；解决；算出；想出；理解
B
It has been widely accepted that dinosaurs died out because of 1. unexpected incident.But wildlife today disappears or is in danger just because humans do harm 2._________________ it.For example，tigers are hunted for fur to make carpets；grassland 3._________________(destroy) without mercy (怜悯); so that a lot of animals can only live in secure reserves.
Last year，scientists saw some monkeys making use of a certain kind of insects to protect themselves from fierce 4. (mosquito)．After a careful study，scientists found that the insects contain a 5. (power) drug.Then local farmers were employed 6.______________(catch) the insects to make medicine.The result was that the insects disappeared from the whole area.When the farmers were told that it was a loss to humans they burst into 7._______________(laugh) and responded，“The real loss is 8. (we) decreasing income.”
We should appreciate the natural balance 9. pay more attention to the importance of wildlife protection.Not until we succeed in 10. (live) in harmony with wildlife，can we smile in relief.
读写积累 1．unexpected adj.出乎意料的；始料不及的 2．appreciate v. 熟义：欣赏；感激 生义：意识到；理解；重视(本文为此义) 3．die out 灭绝；消失 4．make use of 使用；利用 5．The result was that the insects disappeared from the whole area. 句式结构：that引导表语从句。 句子翻译：结果就是这些昆虫在整个地区都消失了。
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了飓风“哈维”袭击了得克萨斯州之后，政府和慈善机构帮助灾区人民恢复生活，渡过难关的故事。
1．B [根据上文“Hurricane Harvey struck Texas”及下文“After Harvey hit”可知，此处指受飓风打击最严重的地区。故选B。]
2．A [根据后文“the people who were to meet their basic needs were faced with having to rebuild their lives and their homes as well”可知，这些地区面临许多经济挑战。故选A。]
3．B [根据前文“After Harvey hit”及后文“to meet their basic needs”可知，在飓风袭击之后，灾民需要努力满足基本需求。故选B。]
4．C [根据后文“the East Harris County Recovery Project was created to help individuals and families that were hit particularly by the hurricane”可知，恢复工程的创建是为了应对飓风给灾区人民带来的灾害。故选C。]
5．C [根据前文“The areas that were most by Harvey were already facing many economic .”可知，恢复工程是要帮助灾民，尤其是遭到飓风猛烈袭击的灾民。故选C。]
6．A [根据常识和前文“the East Harris County Recovery Project”可知，恢复工程在灾民恢复生活时，提供支持。故选A。]
7．D [根据前文“a non-profit charity group”和后文“to partner with this organization to assist the communities”可知，作为一家非营利慈善机构，对于能帮助灾民渡过难关会感到非常自豪。故选D。]
8．D [基于前文分析可知，飓风袭击了该地区，所以慈善机构来帮助受影响的社区。故选D。]
9．A [根据语境和后文“would not have been able to buy new backpacks”可知，如果得不到帮助，他们就无法购买新书包。故选A。]
10．C [根据后文“Parents are often forced to choose between having on the dinner table，putting gas in the car，and buying school for their children.”可知，在开学的前几周对家庭来说是最艰难的。故选C。]
11．B [根据后文“on the dinner table”可知，此处指餐桌上的食物。故选B。]
12．D [根据语境和前文“school”以及后文“for their children”可知，此处指学习用品。故选D。]
13．A [基于前文分析可知，灾区的孩子们几乎买不起学习用品，根据后文“meeting other needs”可知，捐赠书包使他们能够着力于满足其他需求。故选A。]
14．B [基于前文分析可知，灾区的孩子们几乎买不起学习用品，根据后文“she would not have enough money for her two children in school”可知，这位妈妈在担心没有足够的钱给孩子买学习用品。故选B。]
15．C [根据前文“Good360 donated backpacks”及后文“both children received brand new backpacks”可知，两个孩子得到了Good360的捐赠。故选C。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是无声地震以及科学家们为预测这种地震所做的研究。
1．causing [考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语shook且无连词，所以空处应用非谓语动词，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填causing。]
2．lives [考查名词复数。由thousands of可知，此处life应用复数形式。故填lives。]
3．started [考查动词的时态。空处和lasted是并列的谓语动词，由in 1829可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填started。]
4．is called [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处在主句中作谓语，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语This kind of slow-moving earthquake 和动词call之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是单数。故填is called。]
5．of [考查介词。because of是固定搭配，意为“因为”，是介词短语，后面接名词短语。故填of。]
6．To figure [考查非谓语动词。空处是非谓语动词作状语，表目的，且动词figure和主语scientists是主动关系，应用动词不定式作目的状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填To figure。]
7．or [考查固定搭配。either...or...是固定搭配，意为“或者……或者……”。故填or。]
8．that [考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为earthquakes，指物，在定语从句中作主语，且先行词前由all修饰，只能用关系代词that来引导。故填that。]
9．the [考查冠词。all over the world是固定短语，意为“世界各地”。故填the。]
10．possibly [考查副词。修饰动词predict应用副词。故填possibly。]
1．an [考查冠词。此处泛指“一个意外事件”，且unexpected发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。]
2．to [考查介词。do harm to“对……造成伤害”，为固定短语。故填to。]
3．is destroyed [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；grassland和destroy之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。主语为不可数名词，故填is destroyed。]
4．mosquitoes/mosquitos [考查名词复数。mosquito为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用其复数形式。故填mosquitoes/mosquitos。]
5．powerful [考查形容词。修饰名词drug，应用形容词。故填powerful。]
6．to catch [考查非谓语动词。此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作状语。故填to catch。]
7．laughter [考查名词。burst into sth.“突然爆发，突然……起来”，为固定短语，介词后跟名词形式。故填laughter。]
8．our [考查代词。修饰名词income，应用形容词性物主代词。故填our。]
9．and [考查连词。根据句意可知，空处前后为并列谓语，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。]
10．living [考查非谓语动词。succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”，为固定搭配。故填living。]