(共24张PPT)
/ɑ:/ /i:/ / :/ / :/ /u:/
/ / / / / / / / / / / / /e/
/e /, /a /, / /, / /, /a /, /i /, /e /, / /
/ p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/
/f/, /v/, /s/, /z/, /θ /,/δ /, /∫/, /3 /, /h/, /r/
/m/, /n/, / /
/l/
/w/, /j/
/t /, /d3/, /tr/, /dr/ ,/ts/, /dz/
发音练习
[ d en r s] [ mer k n] [v 'ke n]
[ mu:vi] ['be sb :l] ['ju:n f :m]
[a 'di: l] [m kst] [ fa n li]
[kri e t v] [ m d st] [ a ]
[ sk lpt ] [pa n ] [ ke l sn s]
名词
定义:表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
My name is Lily.
I am a girl.
I am a teacher.
You are a student.
This is a book.
名词的分类
分类 说明 例词
普 通 名 词 可数 名词 能以数目来计算 city,panda,chair,hospital,nurse
people,class,family,police
不可数 名词 不能以数目计算 物质名词 食物类:rice,bread , meat
液体类:milk ,water水, wine
自然物体类:rain, snow, soil
抽象名词 courage,advice,happiness,success,love
(行为、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念的名词)
专有名词 人名、地名、国名、机构、组织、月份、星期、节日 London,Tom,the Great Wall,Asia
Beijing University,Monday,National day
可数名词的复数(规则变化)
规 则 变 化 变化规则 例词
train→trains,table→tables,map→maps
box→boxes,watch→watches,brush→brushes
加es的有:英雄(hero)喜欢吃土豆(potato), 芒果(mango), 西红柿(tomato)
baby→babies city →cities
wife,self,shelf,knife,life,calf,wolf,half,leaf,thief,loaf)
“妻已架刀命牛郎(狼),半夜(叶)偷包要提防”
man driver→men drivers
woman doctor→women doctors
一般,在结尾加-s
以s、x、ch、sh结尾:加-es
以o 结尾:无生命的加-s, 有生命的加-es的
以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i加es
以f或fe结尾:
去掉f, fe, 加-ves;
man或woman修饰名词时,前后两个名词都变为复数
复合名词
可数名词变复数
不规则变化
foot→ tooth→
man→ woman→
mouse→ child→
deer→ sheep→
people→ fish→
feet
teeth
men
women
mice
children
deer
sheep
people
fish
可数名词变复数(注意)
国人单数变复数
中日不变英法变,其他s加后面。
Englishman—Englishmen
Frenchman—Frenchmen
German
Chinese
Japanese
有些名词表面为复数形式,实为单数:
maths数学,news新闻,physics物理,politics政治,the United Nations,the United States
复合形容词: 数词+名词单数(+形容词); 例:
a five-year-old girl; a 100-metre race
可数名词变复数(注意)
不可数名词的数量表达
water
一个水? 一杯水?
a glass of water
a bowl of rice
a piece of news
不可数名词的数量表达
表“一” 时,需加“a piece of/ a pair of/ a glass of”等修饰;
例:a piece of news
表两个或两个以上概念,可用“two pairs(pieces)of” ,谓语动词用复数
例:These two pieces of news are true.
用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any,plenty of, a great deal of等表多少
The rich man has a lot of money.
There is some milk in the bottle.
I don't like winter because there's too much snow and ice.
名词所有格
一般在名词词尾加’s构成所有格:
Mike’s pen the boy’s mother
TFboys’ song Teachers’ Day
Of +名词:
the door of the room
表示人或者事物的所有及所属关系
“...的”
名词所有格 ’s 的构成
1. 主要是在词尾加’s 构成。如:
That is Mike’s book.
2. 如果原名词已经有复数词尾 s, 则仅加一个’ 。如:
the teachers’ reading room
the pupils’ pencil-boxes
3. 如果原词是复数形式,但不是以 s 结尾,需在后面加上’s 。 如:
the children’s palace
men’s room
名词所有格Of
Of +名词:
the door of the room
从后往前翻译
两种所有格形式互换
the girl’s name=
两者共有和分别所有
Lily and Lucy’s mother
Lily’s and Lucy’s mothers
表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时,在名词后加上’s,代表全称
at the doctor’s = at the doctor’s office
注意
the name of the girl
将下列名词变为相应的复数形式:
baby _____ potato _____
leaf _____ foot _____
child_____ deer_____
juice →3 bottles of_____
Chinese→a lot of_____
练习
写出下列各词的复数
I____ him____ this____
her____ watch____ child____
photo____ diary____ day____
book____ dress ____
Exercises
写出下列各词的复数
tooth____ sheep____ box_____
you ____ peach____ man____
strawberry ____ thief____
sandwich____ woman____
Exercises
改错
1.There are some butterflys on the table.
2.This is Alice dress.
3.I like tomato very much.
将下列句子变成复数形式
1. This sheep is white.
2. There is a desk and a chair in the room.
3.That man is a doctor.
Exercises
汉译英
1.Tom 的足球 2. 老师们的自行车
3.学生们的课桌 4.哥哥的文具盒
5.姑姑的卡片 6.猴子们的香蕉
7.蚂蚁们的早餐 8.妈妈的包
9.姐姐的连衣裙 10 女孩们的苹果
翻译句子
1.这些是 Peter 的篮球吗?
2.这个是老师的钢笔吗?
3.有一些书在 Sam 的课桌上。
4.有一些孩子们在教室里。
/ɑ:/ /i:/ / :/ / :/ /u:/
/ / / / / / / / / / / / /e/
/e /, /a /, / /, / /, /a /, /i /, /e /, / /
/ p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/
/f/, /v/, /s/, /z/, /θ /,/δ /, /∫/, /3 /, /h/, /r/
/m/, /n/, / /
/l/
/w/, /j/
/t /, /d3/, /tr/, /dr/ ,/ts/, /dz/
发音练习
['mɑ st (r)] ['klɑ sme t] ['ri d ]
['glɑ s z] ['v l b l] [ n st]
[m ɡ zi:n] [ hju:m r s] [pl n]
[k mp t n] [ a ] [hɑ:d 'w :k ]
[ ti:ne d (r)] ['pe nt] [ eks l nt]