Unit 2 Onwards and upwards Using Language 课件(共39张PPT)外研版(2019)选择性必修第一册

(共39张PPT)
Onwards and upwards
Using Language
Unit 2
Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
Master the usage of key words in this lesson, such as worthwhile, enthusiastic, contest, upset, elect, as well as phrases like come across, due to, show concern for, contribute to, etc., and be able to use them flexibly in real contexts.
Grasp the usage of verbs in their -ing form and infinitive form as objects.
Guide students to pay attention to pragmatic functions, learn to express concern and comfort for others, and be able to apply the relevant expressions learned in real life.
Through learning idioms, guide students to see the bright side of things, maintain an optimistic attitude in life, and benefit from it for life.
Key Points and Difficult Points
Key points:
The usage of verbs in their -ing form and infinitive form as objects.
Learning the usage of the words and phrases in this part.
Difficult Points:
The usage of verbs in their -ing form and infinitive form as objects.
Grammar
Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentences (a), (c) and (e) are from the reading passage.
1. Do sentences (a) and (b) have the same meaning
Yes, they do.
2. Do sentences (c) and (d) have the same meaning
No, they don't.
3. Can “receiving” in sentence (e) be changed into “to receive”
No, it can't.
-ing and to-infinitive as object (动名词和不定式作宾语)
一、动词 - ing 形式（动名词）作宾语
动词 - ing 形式（即 “动词 + ing”）作宾语时，通常表示已完成、习惯性或抽象的动作，常与特定动词、介词或固定结构搭配。
1. 只能接动名词作宾语的动词
这类动词后接宾语时，必须用 “动词 + ing” 形式，不能用不定式。常见动词包括：
表示 “喜好 / 厌恶”：enjoy（喜欢）、love（喜爱，强调习惯）、hate（讨厌，强调习惯）、prefer（宁愿）
例：She enjoys reading novels in her free time.（她喜欢在空闲时间读小说。）
-ing and to-infinitive as object (动名词和不定式作宾语)
表示 “避免 / 否认 / 完成”：avoid（避免）、deny（否认）、finish（完成）、complete（完成）
例：He avoided talking about his past.（他避免谈论自己的过去。）
表示 “建议 / 坚持 / 想象”：suggest（建议）、insist on（坚持）、imagine（想象）、mind（介意）
例：Would you mind opening the window （你介意开窗吗？）
其他高频动词：admit（承认）、appreciate（感激）、practise（练习）、risk（冒险）、miss（错过）
例：She admitted breaking the vase.（她承认打碎了花瓶。）
-ing and to-infinitive as object (动名词和不定式作宾语)
2. 介词后必须接动名词作宾语
所有介词（如 in, on, at, of, about, without 等）后接动词作宾语时，必须用动名词形式。
常见搭配：be good at（擅长）、succeed in（成功）、dream of（梦想）、think about（考虑）、look forward to（期待）
例：He is good at playing basketball.（他擅长打篮球。）
例：We are looking forward to meeting you.（我们期待见到你。）
介词短语后的动名词：instead of（代替）、by（通过）、without（没有）
例：She solved the problem by asking for help.（她通过求助解决了问题。）
-ing and to-infinitive as object (动名词和不定式作宾语)
3. 固定句型中用动名词作宾语
部分固定句型的宾语必须用动名词，常见结构：
It’s no use/good doing sth.（做某事没用 / 没好处）
例：It’s no use arguing with him.（和他争论没用。）
There’s no point (in) doing sth.（做某事没意义）
例：There’s no point complaining about the weather.（抱怨天气没意义。）
spend/waste time/money (in) doing sth.（花费 / 浪费时间 / 金钱做某事）
例：She spent two hours preparing for the exam.（她花了两小时准备考试。）
-ing and to-infinitive as object (动名词和不定式作宾语)
二、动词不定式（to do）作宾语
动词不定式（即 “to + 动词原形”）作宾语时，通常表示未完成、具体的、一次性的动作，或强调动作的目的、结果，常与特定动词搭配。
1. 只能接不定式作宾语的动词
这类动词后接宾语时，必须用 “to do” 形式，不能用动名词。常见动词包括：
①表示 “计划 / 希望 / 决定”：plan（计划）、hope（希望）、decide（决定）、expect（期待）
例：They plan to travel to Japan next year.（他们计划明年去日本旅行。）
-ing and to-infinitive as object (动名词和不定式作宾语)
②表示 “同意 / 承诺 / 拒绝”：agree（同意）、promise（承诺）、refuse（拒绝）、offer（主动提出）
例：He refused to help me.（他拒绝帮我。）
③表示 “努力 / 设法 / 假装”：try（努力）、manage（设法）、pretend（假装）
例：She managed to finish the work on time.（她设法按时完成了工作。）
④其他高频动词：afford（负担得起）、arrange（安排）、choose（选择）、fail（未能）、wish（希望）
例：We can’t afford to buy a new car.（我们买不起新车。）
-ing and to-infinitive as object (动名词和不定式作宾语)
2. “疑问词 + 不定式” 作宾语
常见疑问词（what, how, when, where, which）后接不定式（to do），可作宾语，表达 “如何做、何时做” 等含义。
例：She doesn’t know how to solve the problem.（她不知道如何解决这个问题。）
例：He asked me where to find the library.（他问我在哪里能找到图书馆。）
-ing and to-infinitive as object (动名词和不定式作宾语)
3. 用 “it” 作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语
当不定式作宾语且其后有宾语补足语时，常用 “it” 作形式宾语，将不定式后置，结构为：主语 + 动词 + it + 宾补 + to do。
常见动词：find（发现）、think（认为）、feel（觉得）、make（使）、consider（认为）
例：I find it easy to learn English.（我发现学英语很容易。）（it 是形式宾语，to learn English 是真正宾语）
例：They thought it important to protect the environment.（他们认为保护环境很重要。）
-ing and to-infinitive as object (动名词和不定式作宾语)
三、既能接动名词也能接不定式作宾语，但含义不同的动词
部分动词后接 “doing” 和 “to do” 均可，但含义有明显区别，需重点区分：
动词 接 doing（动名词）的含义 接 to do（不定式）的含义 例句对比
remember 记得已做过的事（动作已完成） 记得要去做的事（动作未完成） I remember closing the door.（我记得关了门。）
I remember to close the door.（我记得要关门。）
forget 忘记已做过的事（动作已完成） 忘记要去做的事（动作未完成） She forgot meeting him before.（她忘了以前见过他。）
She forgot to meet him.（她忘了去见他。）
stop 停止正在做的事（停止本身动作） 停下来去做另一件事（目的是做新动作） He stopped smoking.（他戒烟了。）
He stopped to smoke.（他停下来抽烟。）
try 尝试做某事（试方法、过程） 努力去做某事（试图达成结果） Try opening the window.（试试开窗。）
Try to open the window.（努力把窗打开。）
regret 后悔做过某事（对已发生的事后悔） 遗憾要去做某事（对即将发生的事遗憾） I regret telling him the truth.（我后悔告诉他真相。）
I regret to tell you the bad news.（我遗憾地告诉你坏消息。）
-ing and to-infinitive as object (动名词和不定式作宾语)
四、两者含义的核心区别
时间维度：
动名词（doing）：强调动作已完成、习惯性或抽象性（如爱好、经验）。
例：I like swimming.（我喜欢游泳。—— 爱好，习惯性动作）
不定式（to do）：强调动作未完成、具体性或一次性（如某次具体行为）。
例：I like to swim today.（我今天想去游泳。—— 具体某次动作）
情感与语气：
动名词常表达 “客观事实或习惯”，不定式常表达 “主观意愿或目的”。
部分动词（如 love/hate）接 doing 表示 “长期习惯”，接 to do 表示 “某次具体喜好”。
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
At the age of ten, Liu Wei lost both his arms in an accident. Despite this, he wanted 1__________ (live) life to the full. He learnt 2__________ (use) his feet for everyday activities, such as eating and brushing his teeth. He also started 3_________________ (swim) and won two gold medals at the National Games for People with Disabilities. When he had to stop 4__________ (swim) due to health problems, he decided 5__________ (learn) how to play the piano with his toes. It was difficult, but he kept 6__________ (practise) until he had achieved his goal. In 2010, he won in China’s Got Talent and became famous nationwide. Today, Liu Wei still enjoys 7__________ (play) music, and his positive attitude is an inspiration to us all.
to live
to use
swimming / to swim
swimming
to learn
practising
playing
admit decide enjoy
fail regret want
Write a report based on the interview with the words in the box.
Work in pairs. Share a story of your own about overcoming challenges using the words and structures in this section where appropriate.
Listening
1. _______ to change your life by starting to be a better person or stopping a bad habit
2. _______ someone who is extremely enthusiastic and enjoys working extremely hard
3. _______ to not make any effort
4. _______ very calm and relaxed, especially in a difficult situation
5. _______ to do something very slowly because you do not really want to do it
6. _______ someone who refuses to join in, or wants to stop other people having fun
e
c
a
f
d
b
Listen to the conversations and match the expressions to their meanings.
Put the expressions in Activity 5 into the boxes. Add any more you can think of.
an eager beaver
turn over a new leaf
cool as a cucumber
like a duck to water
…
Positive
Negative
not lift a finger
a wet blanket
drag one's feet
a fish out of water
…
Read the passage and answer the questions.
1. Why is it important to “look on the bright side”
Because looking on the bright side is a type of good attitude, which can have a positive effect on other people. In this way, looking on the bright side is the best thing that we can do for ourselves as well as for others.
Read the passage and answer the questions.
2. How can our attitude affect others
Our attitude is likely to spread to and affect others. If we have a good attitude, others will also feel it and be cheered up by it.
Listen to the conversation and number the pictures according to the sequence of events.
2
1
4
3
Listen again and complete the journal entry.
Today I came across my friend DaWei. He looked sad, so I asked him what was wrong. He said that he failed in a 1________________________ contest. Before the contest, he competed against a girl at school. He won, but he said it was because 2____________. He thought the girl should have gone to 3_____________________ instead. If she had, the school would have been 4___________. I tried to make him look on the bright side, and he admitted that he had a good time at the national contest. He met some 5_______________ and he liked the city. He also said his parents felt 6_____________. I think I made him feel better.
Friday 10 May
national English speaking
he was lucky
the national competition
well-known
fantastic people
proud of him
Now act out a conversation between Dawei and Jack, and think about how you would comfort Dawei if you were Jack.
Complete the boxes with expressions from the radio conversation.
Are you OK I don't mean to be nosy, but are you sure
Why don’t you tell me what's up
Why are you so upset
I'm sure you did your best.
You should be proud of yourself.
I know this is hard for you, but you should cheer up.
Work in pairs. Choose one situation and act out a conversation to show concern for people and comfort them. Use the expressions in this section.
You ran for Head of the Student Committee but weren’t elected.
You feel annoyed because a group member doesn’t want to contribute to your group’s work.
Now think about what language in this section you used to show concern and comfort others.
Vocabulary
1. worthwhile
worthwhile adj.值得做的；有价值的
a worthwhile +名词 一个值得的……
make sth. worthwhile 使某事变得值得
worthwhile for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是值得的
It is worthwhile to do sth/doing sth. 做某事是值得的
例题：It is worthwhile for students _______________(participate) in extracurricular activities.
to participate
Vocabulary
2. enthusiastic
enthusiastic adj. 热心的，热衷的
enthusiasm n. 热情，热忱
enthusiastically adv. 热情地
be enthusiastic about (doing) sth. 对(做)某事热心
with (great) enthusiasm (非常)热情地
full of enthusiasm 充满热情
例题：She is always _____________(enthusiasm) about trying new recipes, even if they’re complicated.
enthusiastic
Vocabulary
3. upset
upset adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的
be upset to do sth./that... 做……让人心烦意乱，……让人心烦意乱
be upset about sth. 为某事心烦
be upset with sb. 生某人的气
It upsets sb. to do sth./that... 做……让某人烦心/……让某人烦心
例题：
She was upset _______ see his old friend treated so unfairly.
to
Vocabulary
4. elect
elect v.选举，推选
elect sb. (as/to be)+职位 选举某人为…… (职位前无冠词)
elect sb. to sth. 选举某人加入……
elect to do sth. 选择做某事
be/get elected 当选
例题：
The committee elected her __________ the new chairperson of the organization.
as
Exercise
Exercise: 语法填空
She suggested ________ (go) to the art museum this weekend.
They plan ________ (visit) their grandparents during the holiday.
Do you mind ________ (open) the window It’s a bit stuffy here.
I enjoy ________ (read) novels before going to bed.
She can’t wait ________ (see) the new romantic comedy in the cinema.
They missed ________ (catch) the early train because of the heavy traffic.
The broken car needs _______________________ (repair) as soon as possible.
The teacher encourages us _____________ (participate) in the English speech contest.
going
to visit
opening
reading
to see
catching
repairing / to be repaired
to participate
Summary
Using language
Grammar
Listening
Vocabulary
动名词和不定式作宾语
动词 - ing 形式（动名词）作宾语
动词不定式（to do）作宾语
既能接动名词也能接不定式作宾语，但含义不同的动词
两者含义的核心区别
Homework
Review the language points and complete the exercises.
SEE YOU
NEXT CLASS!