(共45张PPT)
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Unit3 Same or Different
Section A How are we different from each other
Grammar Focus (3a-3c)
语法课公开课
单元主题范畴：人与社会
单元主题内容：良好的人际关系和人际交往
(2024新版)人教版 八年级(上册)
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Learning Objectives
1.通过观看视频和图片，能够用形容词和副词的比较级回答问题，能够用比较级完成句子，初步运用并掌握比较级的用法。能够准确识别和理解形容词和副词比较级的构成形式，包括规则变化（如加 -er，more + 原级等）和不规则变化（如 good - better，bad - worse 等）。（学习理解）
2. 通过阅读3a句子，能够总结探究归纳比较级和同级比较as……as的用法及形容词、副词比较级的变化规则。能正确使用比较级进行人与物、物与物之间的比较。能在真实语境中运用比较级进行口头和书面表达。(学习理解，应用实践)
3.通过阅读一篇短文，能够找出形容词副词同级比较和比较级的句子，能够进行分类；通过完成3a\3b\3c的练习，能够在生活中实际运用形容词副词同级比较和比较级的句型，并能够谈论自己和他人的变化，从而树立信心，让自己变得越来越好。(迁移创新)
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Read and guess
Read the sentences and guess who is Tina and who is Gina.
Tina and Gina are good friends. Tina is slimmer than Gina. Gina is taller and stronger than Tina. Tina is as outgoing as Gina.
We use comparative structures to compare two things, showing their similarities or differences.
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Look and fill
There are ______(much)students and _____ (much) activities this year, and it is _____________ (colorful) this year.
How is the Campus Art Festival this year
more
more colorful
more
Emma Ella
Emma is ______(tall) than Ella, but her hair is ______(short) than Ella’s.
Emma Ella
Ella dances _____(good) than Ella, but Emma sings _______(loud) than her.
better
louder
taller
shorter
Emma always gets up
_______(early)than Ella.
earlier
Emma Ella
But......
Ella works as______(hard) as Emma
hard
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Watch and say
Let’s first enjoy a video and answer the questions.
1.What is the video about
2.Who runs faster
3.But the tortoise wins the race.
Why
It’s a story of the race between a hare(野兔) and a tortoise(乌龟) .
The hare runs faster than the tortoise.The tortoise runs slower than the hare.
Because the tortoise is more hard-working than the hare.
Because the hare is lazier than the tortoise.
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Look and fill
Look at pictures and make a comparison.
Lily and Lucy
I am Lily. I am _______ than Lucy, because she loves sports.
Her hair is _______than mine. I’m ______ than Lucy, she is more outgoing.
I ______reading while she ______ playing basketball.
shorter
longer
quieter
love
likes
I am Lucy. I am _____ than Lily, because she doesn’t like sports. My hair is _______than Lily’s. I’m ____________ than Lily, she is quieter.
I ______playing sports, while she ______ reading books. We are ________ in many ways.
taller
longer
more outgoing
enjoy
loves
different
Jack and Jason
I am Jack, this is my friend Jason. I am ____ tall ___ him. I am ____________ than him, he is friendlier.So he makes ______ friends than me. We _____ enjoy playing guitar. We have many things in common.
as
as
more serious
more
both
Do you want to know more about the primitive and xomparative sentence patterns of adjectives and adverbs
Presentation
Read the sentences and notice the comparatives in bold. Find more examples in Section A.
3a
Read and say
There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year.
Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella’s.
Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her.
Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her!
[k m p r t v] n.比较级
Which parts of speech (词性) have comparative forms
Underline the adjectives
Circle the adverbs.
形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)是有比较级的形式的。
Tips: 形容词常与be动词连用或修饰名词；
副词修饰行为动词，并往往位于动词后面。
Open your book and read
1a-2e and find the sentences with comparatives.
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Read and find
Find more examples in Section A.
位置 例句
1b and 1d But you work harder than me.
1e Is Ella taller than Emma
No, she is shorter than Emma.
Who dances better, Ella or Emma
1c and 1d Emma is taller than Ella.
And she sings louder than Ella.
Her hair is longer than Emma’s.
They both dance well, but I think Ella dances better than her sister.
位置 例句
2a and 2c There are more students and more activities this year.
I think it is more colourful than last year.
I’m a little quieter than Ella.
And she is funnier than me.
Emma always gets up earlier than me.
Many people say I’m lazier than Emma, but that’s not true!
2e I’m taller than you.
I am a little shorter than you, but I can run faster than you.
I’m as hard-working as you, but you read more than me.
We use the comparative forms of adjectives or adverbs to describe the differences between two items.
同级比较
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Read and write
3a
Write the original level of bold words (the prototype of adjectives or adverbs)
There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year.
Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella’s.
Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her.
Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her!
______- more
______- more colourful
______- taller
______- shorter
______- better
______- louder
______- earlier
同级的比较
many
colourful
tall
short
well
loud
early
adj.的比较级
adv.的
比
较
级
We use _____________ to make a comparison.
We usually can see _________ in a comparative sentence.
comparatives
“than”
many的不规则比较级
多音节colourful 比较级
单音节tall 比较级
单音节short比较级
well 的不规则比较级
双音节early 比较级
不规则变化的一般都是单音节的词
Do you know how the comparative degree of adjective and adverbs changes
单音节short 比较级
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Look and say
形容词和副词的比较级的构成
构成方法 比较级
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般情况下，比较级词尾加-______ taller；shorter；faster
以字母____结尾的词，比较级词尾加-___ larger；later
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先_____该辅音字母，然后比较级词尾加-___ bigger；fatter；thinner
以“辅音字母+ ___”结尾的双音节词，先把___改为___，然后比较级词尾加-___ easier；heavier；earlier
多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加_________构成比较级 more beautiful；more popular
er
e
er
双写
er
y
y
i
er
more
比较级规则变化
比较级，要变化，
一般词尾+er。
词尾若有哑音e，直接+r就可以。
辅音字母+y结尾，把y改i+er。
重读闭音节，单辅音字母双写+er。
多音节词怎么办，
more放在词前面。
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Look and say
形容词和副词的比较级的构成
比较级不规则变化
good/well
bad/ill
many/much
little
far
better
worse
more
less
farther (距离)
further (抽象)
Swimming is ______ (good) for health than running.
The pollution is __________ (bad) than last year.
We need ________ (many) books for the project.
The moon is ___________ (far) than we imagine.
Try to spend __________ (little) time on phones.
better
worse
more
less
farther
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Look and say
Try to put the words into correct box.
辅音字母 + y 结尾，变y为i + er
重读闭音节，双写尾字母 + er
多音节词及部分双音节词，前加more
一般 + er
以e结尾 + r
faster
nicer
larger
hotter
thinner
more
beautiful
more
carefully
earlier
easier
happier
Presentation
Look and say
There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year.
Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella’s.
Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her.
Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her!
Read the following sentences and can you tell us the usages of comparative degree
当两个人或两件事物进行比较时，一个比另一个更……，形容词和副词要用比较级，也就是词尾-er形式，比较级常常用than来连接被比较的两个人或事物。
大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：____________________。比较级表示_________，用于________的比较，说明“前者比后者更……”。
原级、比较级和最高级
“更……”
两者之间
Do you know the sentence
structure of comparative
degree of adjective and
adverbs
Presentation
Can you summarize(总结) the structure of adjective comparative degree
Look and say
There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year.
Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella’s.
Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her.
Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her!
（1）A(主语) + be\have + 形容词比较级 + than + B “A比B更...”
A modern train is faster than a car.
You are thinner than me.
Lucy have longer hair than Lily.
形容词常与与be动词连用
用_______比较两者不同，形容词用_______形式.
than
比较级
该句型的一般疑问句形式就是把________提到句子前面。.
be动词
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Look and say
比较
级+than
I’m more outgoing than my sister.
You know more about yourself than I (do).
当than前后所使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词。该助动词也可以省略。
The weather in Beijing is colder than Shanghai.
The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai.
天气与地点不能比较
天气与天气可以比较
两者之间进行比较时，比较的对象必须一致。
避免重复： 常用 that (单数) / those (复数) 替代前面提到的名词。
The books here are more interesting than those on the shelf.
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Look and say
Can you summarize(总结) the structure of adverb comparative degree
There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year.
Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella’s.
Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her.
Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her!
（2）A(主语) + 实义动词 + 副词比较级+ than + B “A比B更...”
Tom runs faster than I (do).
I got up earlier than my mother this morning.
副词修饰行为动词，并往往位于动词后面
该句型的一般疑问句形式就是加(把)________提到句子前面。.
助动词
Does Tom run faster than I (do)
注意：than前后所使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词或省略后面的动词。
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比较级前
可以用副词修饰
I’m a little quieter than Ella.
I’m feeling much better today.
a little, a bit, slightly（稍微；一点儿）；much, far, a lot, even（…… 得多；甚至更）；still, yet（更；还要）； no （并不）
Look and say
比较级之前可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, even, far still等词来修饰，表示程度。
1. much/a lot/ far +比较级, 表示 “......得多”,“更……得多”。
This city is much more beautiful than before.这个城市比以前更漂亮了。
2. a bit/a little +比较级，表示 “...一点儿”，“更……一些”。
She’s a little more outgoing than me. 她比我开朗一些。
3. even / still + 比较级，表示 “甚至/还要更......”。
This time he did it even better.这次他做得还要好.
Do you know the other
structures of adjective and
adverb comparative degree
Presentation
Look and say
（3）句型Which/ who+be动词+形容词比较级, A or B
句型Which/ who+实义动词+副词比较级, A or B
“哪一个/ 谁更……，A还是B？”
比较A、B两事物, 问其中哪一个较……时用此句型。
or与选择疑问句相连，且有两者提供选择，前面的形容词要用比较形式。
如：Which do you like better, water or orange juice
Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one
Who dances better, you or your sister
Which is heavier, an elephant or a tiger
Which subject is more important, math or English
Who runs faster, Tom or Jerry
What is more interesting, history or art
Which is more interesting, history or art
What询问种类或内容，Which在特定范围内选择。
【注意区别】
Who is taller , Lily or Lucy
Who is the taller girl, Lily or Lucy
Which is larger , Beijing or Shanghai
Which is the larger city, Beijing or Shanghai
Can you tell us the other structures of adjective and adverb
comparative degree
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Look and say
Can you tell us the other structures of adjective and adverb
comparative degree
（4）“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来…, 越…” 。
多音节形容词副词比较级用“more and more＋形容词原级”形式。如：
It’s getting worse and worse. The group became more and more popular.
English is becoming more and more important.
After the new year, the day is becoming warmer and warmer.
The weather is getting colder and colder. （天气变得越来越冷了。）
She runs faster and faster. （她跑得越来越快。）
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. （我们的城市变得越来越美。）
English is becoming more and more important in our daily life.
（英语在我们的日常生活中变得越来越重要。）
The story got more and more exciting. （故事变得越来越激动人心。）
He explained the problem more and more clearly.
（他把问题解释得越来越清楚。）
Presentation
Look and say
Can you tell us the other structures of adjective and adverb
comparative degree
（5）The +比较级+主语+谓语，the +比较级+主语+谓语，意为“越….,就越…..” 。
“ The+比较级+主语+谓语, the+比较级+主语+谓语”
e.g. The harder you study, the better your grades will be.
你越努力学习，你的成绩越好。
The more you read, the better you understand.
你看的书越多，你懂得就越多。
前者相当于一个条件句，因此要用一般现在时态代替一般将来时。
我们开始得越早，完成得就越早。
酒店越贵，服务就越好。
The earlier we start, the sooner we will finish.
The more expensive the hotel is, the better the service is.
Presentation
Look and say
Can you tell us the other structures of adjective and adverb
comparative degree
（6）主语+ …+the+比较级+ of the two +复数名词，表示“两者之间最….的一个(of the two)” ，此时比较级后的名词表特指，故加the。
Mary is the shorter of the two. 玛丽是这两个人中较矮的那个。
He is the taller (one) of the two brothers .
Taipei is the bigger (one) of the two cities .
She is the more beautiful (one) of the two sisters .
此时的冠词不是修饰比较级，而是修饰其后的名词或代词one。
Jim is taller than Tony. (吉姆比托尼高。)
→ Jim is _________________ (boys). (吉姆是两人中较高的那个。)
the taller of the two
I have two apples. Which one do you want — The bigger of the two, please.
（我有两个苹果。你想要哪个？——请给我较大的那个。）
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Look and say
（7）“A...+ 基数词(倍数times) + 比较级 + than + B” 表示 “A是B的多少倍”。
Can you tell us the other structures of adjective and adverb
comparative degree
Our school is three times bigger than yours.
My hair is twenty times longer than Michael's (hair).
He is three years older than I (am) .
他比我大三岁 。
He is two inches taller than his father .
他比他父亲高二英寸。
My room is twice bigger than yours .
我的房间比你的大两倍 。
This ball is four times bigger than that one.
这个球是那个球的四倍大。
Presentation
Look and say
Can you tell us the other structures of adjective and adverb
comparative degree
（8）A+ be动词+形容词比较级+than any other+ B（可数名词单数）（+其他）．
A+ be动词+形容词比较级+than the other+B（可数名词复数）（+其他)．
“A 比其他任何 B 都……”，表示在同一范围内进行比较。这种情况其实是用比较级表达最高级的意思。
He is taller than any other boy in his class. =He is taller than the other boys in his class. 他比他班里的其他任何一个男生都要高。
（他跟班上的其他男孩比较，属于同一范围）
A+ be动词+形容词比较级+than any + B（可数名词单数）（+其他）．
“A 比任何 B 都……”，表示在不同范围内进行比较。
China is larger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲的任何国家都大。
（中国跟非洲的国家不属于同一范围）
Presentation
Read and say
There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year.
Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella’s.
Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her.
Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her!
当两个人或两件事物进行比较时，表示“一方与另一方一样……”时，用
短语as ... as : “和……一样”表示同级比较。
1. Amy is as tall as Peter. 2. This film is as interesting as that one.
3. I work as hard as Tina.
基本结构：as + adj./adv. + as
两个 as 之间用形容词副词原形。
Can you tell us the usage and structure of peer comparison(同级比较)
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Read and say
Can you tell us the usage and structure of peer comparison(同级比较)
形容词副词同级比较的结构
两者进行比较,表示“一方与另一方一样……”时，常用句型结构：
1. A + be动词\have+ as +形容词的原级 + as +B
e.g. She is as quiet as you. You are as thin as your sister.
This ruler is as long as that one.
2. A + 行为动词+ as +副词的原级 + as +B
e.g. Peter runs as slowly as Tony. Tara works as hard as Tina.
Claire gets up as early as Sue.
肯定句结构：
The pink bag is as ____ as the purple one.
big
Lingling runs as _______ as Li Lei.
fast
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Look and say
Can you tell us the usage and structure of peer comparison(同级比较)
形容词副词同级比较的结构
两者进行比较,表示“一方与另一方一样……”时，常用句型结构：
否定句结构：
1. A+ be + not + as / so+ 形容词原形+ as +B
Lily is not so/as tall as Mary. 莉莉不如玛丽高。(莉莉比玛丽矮。)
他没他妹妹那么兴奋。He is not so/ as excited as his younger sister.
2. A+ don’t / doesn’t / didn’t+行为动词原形+ as / so +副词原形+as +B
Tara doesn’t work so/as hard as Tina. Tara 工作不如Tina努力。
not as / so … as … 不如、比不
上… 表示前者不如、比不上后者。
I can’t jump as high as Bill. 我跳高不如比尔。
not as\as + adj.\adv.(原形) + as…的同义句型less+adj./adv.原级+than…表示一方不如另一方
This room is less beautiful than that one .这个房间不如那个房间漂亮。
=This room is not so beautiful as that one.
Dad speaks less loudly than grandpa.
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Watch and learn
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Look and say
1. 形容词和副词的比较级可以单独使用。
e.g. Are you feeling better today Try to do better next time.
2. 进行比较的人和物必须是同一类。
My books are more than yours. I have more books than you.
My house is much cleaner than hers.（=her house)
3. 替代词问题
比较级中为了避免重复，用the one/the ones/those替代可数名词；用that 替代不可数名词。
This pen is shorter than that one.
The weather here is much hotter than that of Shanghai.
The cars made in Tianjin is much more popular than those in Shanghai.
这里的天气比上海的（天气）热得多。
形容词副词比较级的温馨提示：
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Harry, Ron and Hermione are best friends. They are studying magic in Hogwarts. Harry is a cute boy. He is shorter and thinner than Ron. He always gets up earlier than Ron. And he is more hard-working than him. Ron is one year older than Harry.He runs faster than Harry. And he is friendlier than Harry.He is braver than Hermione. Hermione is a pretty girl. She is as smart as Harry. She works as hard as Harry. And she can fly as high as Harry.They are quite different, they are still best friends, though.
Find out the comparative sentence patterns and classify(把…分类)them.
1. A+be+comparative(adj.)+than+B
2. A+do+comparative(adv.)+than+B
3. A+be\do+as+adj.\adv.原形+as+B
Harry
Ron
Hermione
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Read and say
1. A+be+comparative(adj.)+than+B
He is shorter and thinner than Ron.
And he is more hard-working than him.
Ron is one year older than Harry.
And he is friendlier than Harry.
He is braver than Hermione.
一般疑问句：be提前
特殊疑问句：疑问词+B+其它
(heavy; old)
(smart )
1. Hagrid is heavier than Dumbledore.
2. Dumbledore is older than Hagrid.
3. Is Hagrid smarter than Dubledore
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2. A+do+comparative(adv.)+than+B
He always gets up earlier than Ron.
He runs faster than Harry.
Does he always get up earlier than Ron.
Does he run faster than Harry.
No, he doesn't.
I drive better than him.
Can you make more
sentences
一般疑问句：do提前
特殊疑问句：疑问词+do+主语+动词原形。
Does Ron drive better than me
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Read and say
3. A+be\do+as+adj.\adv.原形+as+B
She is as smart as Harry.
She works as hard as Harry.
And she can fly as high as Harry.
not so\as…as …不如…
Ron is not so smart as Hermione.
Harry doesn't talk so loudly as Ron..
Hermione
Luna
(get up early; outgoing)
1. Hermione gets up as early as Luna.
2. Luna is not so outgoing as Hermione.
Can you make more
sentences
Presentation
Look and say
No one is perfect.
The most important thing is that we are changing and becoming better and better.
Presentation
Look and say
What are the benefits of using comparative degrees in daily life
It helps us describe differences more clearly, like "My schoolbag is heavier than yours."
Presentation
3b
Use the words in brackets to write questions andanswers.
Look and write
1. Q: Is Julie slimmer than you ( Julie / slim / you)
A: No, she isn’t. She is as slim as me.
2. Q: _____________________________________ (you / serious / cousin)
A: No, I’m not. I am ___________ than he is.
3. Q: _____________________________________ (Tom / smart / Sam)
A: No, I don’t think so. I think Sam is as ___________ as Tom.
4. Q: _____________________________________ ( Jack / swim / fast / Sally)
A: No, he doesn’t. He swims as ___________ as Sally.
Are you as serious as your cousin
less serious
Do you think Tom is smarter than Sam
smart
Does Jack swim faster than Sally
/sl m/ adj.苗条的
A is less...than B A不如B...
fast
我认为不是这样。表示否定对方的意见或观点，其肯定形式为“I think so.”。
Presentation
3c
Look and fill
Look at the chart. Then complete the sentences to compare Guangzhou and Chicago. Use the words in the box and than.
人口
面积
年平均降雨量
1 月平均气温
7 月平均气温
Which city has a larger population, Guangzhou or Vancouver
Is Guangzhou’s area larger than Vancouver’s
Presentation
Look and write
Let's learn and take notes.
单独作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
The population of the ancient town is over 20 thousand.
这个古镇的人口超过两万。
population / p pju le n/ n. 人口
表示人口“多”或“少”时，常用 large，big 或 small。
China has a large population. 中国人口众多。
②询问某地的人口数量时，用“What’s the population of... ”
What’s the population of the UK 英国的人口是多少？
=The population of this community is about five thousand.
③表示“某地有多少人口”时，用“... have/has a population of+数字.”
或“The population of ... is+数字.” 。
This community has a population of about five thousand. 这个社区有大约五千人口。
Presentation
3c
Look and fill
Look at the chart. Then complete the sentences to compare Guangzhou and Chicago. Use the words in the box and than.
large small much warm cool
1. The population of Vancouver was _____________ that of
Guangzhou in 2024.
2. In area, Guangzhou is _______________Vancouver.
3. It rains ______ in Guangzhou ______ in Vancouver.
4. Guangzhou has a pleasant temperature in January.
It is ______________ Vancouver in January.
5. Vancouver is _____________ Guangzhou in July.
smaller than
larger than
more than
warmer than
cooler than
that 指代“the population”
/ plez( )nt / adj.宜人的;
舒适的；令人愉快的
Presentation
Look and say
Give a report by comparing Guangzhou and Vancouver in 3c.
E.g. Guangzhou is one of the biggest cities in China.Vancouver is a beautiful city in Canada.The population of … is larger/bigger/smaller than that of …In area, … is larger/smaller than ...It rains more/less in … than in …… has a … temperature in January. It is … than … in January.
… is … than … in July.
Guangzhou and Vancouver have many differences. First of all, the population of Vancouver was smaller than that of Guangzhou in 2024.Then, in terms of area, Guangzhou is larger than Vancouver. What's more, it rains more in Guangzhou than in Vancouver. Also, Guangzhou has a pleasant temperature in January, and it is much warmer than Vancouver in January.Besides,Vancouver is cooler than Guangzhou in July. Additionally, Guangzhou is a busy city with lots of people, while Vancouver is more peaceful.
Presentation
Discuss and say
Gina wants to visit a city in China. Which of the following cities do you think she may choose Please use comparatives and “than” to explain your reasons.
Guangzhou
Chengdu
I think she can go to… The food there is more delicious than... And it is… than… She can… there. She will have a good time.
Presentation
Class test
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. You look much __________ (slim) in this black pair of trousers.
2. Making the whole school safer and _______________ (pleasant) is an
important part of school development.
3. May I have __________ (much) beef because it tastes so nice
4. She always writes as ___________ (careful) as her brother, They are
both our examples.
5. —Cindy, are you feeling better now
—No, Mum. I feel even __________ (bad).
slimmer
more pleasant
more
carefully
worse
Presentation
Class test
二、根据汉语意思完成下列句子(每空一词)。
1. 关于某事的真相是关于它的所有事实,而不是想象或发明的东西。
The truth about something is ________ ________ ________ about it,
rather than things that are imagined or invented.
2. 这个城市的人口接近100万。
______ ___________ ______ this city is close to a million.
3. 他比大多数的孩子更严肃。
He is ________ ________ ________ most kids.
4. 这道数学题比那道简单得多。
This maths problem is ________ ________ ________ that one.
5. 二班的队员比一班的队员更擅长打篮球。
Players in Class 2 are ________ ________ those in Class 1 _______
playing basketball.
all the facts
The population of
more serious than
much easier/simpler than
better than at
Presentation
Class test
There are nine groups in our class. I’d like to tell you about my group members.
Tony is 1. ________ outgoing boy. He is interested 2. ________ telling jokes and often makes 3. ________ (we) laugh. Peter is another member of our group. He is on the school basketball team. His team
4. ________ (win) a lot of matches last term. No one plays 5. ________ (good) than he does in our class. As for Doris, our monitor(班长), she is a model student and all the 6. _________ (teach) love her. When we have problems, she is always ready 7. ________ (help) us. She can also
explain(解释)problems 8. ________ (clear). Nick sits at the back of our group. It seems that he needs 9. ________ (much) sleep than others. He
can fall asleep and wake up quickly. All in all, 10. ________ our group members are different from each other, I like to study with them.
an
in
us
won
better
teachers
to help
clearly
more
although/though
三、语法填空(在空白处填人一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式)。
Presentation
Must do：
Remember the rules and usage of the comparatives .
It will be checked in the next class.
2. Write at least 5 sentences about your changes.
Choose to do：
1.Write the changes about one of your friend.
2.Pick two cities you like. Find some facts about each city. Write a paragraph to compare them.
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Unit 3 Section A Grammar Focus(3a-3c) 语言点精讲精练
I．语言点精讲
1. 1. The population of Vancouver was smaller than that of Guangzhou in 2024. 2024年温哥华的人口少于广州。（教材P25 3c）
（1）population常与定冠词the连用，作主语时，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。
eg: The population of this city is increasing rapidly.
这座城市的人口正在迅速增长。
（2）指人口“多”时，用large/big；人口“少”时，用small。
eg: Shanghai has a large population. It is one of the most populous cities in China.上海人口众多，它是中国人口最多的城市之一。
（3）提问“有多少人口”时，用what。
eg:What is the population of Canada 加拿大的人口是多少？
当主语表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时, 谓语动词用复数形式。
这个地区大约60%的人口是农民。
About 60 percent of the population in this area are farmers.
表示有多少人口时，用“have/has a population of+数词”或 “the population of...is+数词”。
eg: China has a population of about 1.4 billion.
=The population of China is about 1.4 billion.中国有大约14亿人口。
【population的用法总结】
population指“人口”
对它提问用what，不用how many/how much；
人口多用large，人口少用small；
人口增加用grow，人口减少就用fall。
2. Guangzhou has a pleasant temperature in January.广州一月份的气温适宜。（教材P25 3c）pleasant adj.宜人的；友好的
(1)[形容词]宜人的；令人愉快的
It was pleasant to sit in a sidewalk café and watch people pass.
坐在路边咖啡馆看着人来人往真是惬意。
(2) [形容词] 友好的；和善的
Please try to be pleasant to our guests.请尽量对我们的客人客气点。
3.The population of Chicago was larger that of Guangzhou in2022.
在2022年芝加哥的人口比广州的更多。
比较级中that的用法
用法: 在比较级中代替前文提到的单数名词；如果代替前文的复数名词，则使用those.
例句：武汉的天气比北京热。
原句：The weather in Wuhan is hotter than the weather in Beijing.
简化：The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that in Beijing.
II．语言点精练
单项选择
1．—Why did your grandparents move to the countryside, Lily
—Because the air there is much ________.
A．good B．well C．better D．best
2．—Why do you like wearing dark-colored clothes
—Because these colors make me ________.
A．look fat B．look slim
C．to look slim D．to look fat
3．--Is this book interesting
--I thought it would be. But________, it’s very boring.
A．for example B．in all C．in fact D．as usual
4．The rules make the park ________ and safer for everyone.
A．pleasant B．pleased C．the most pleasant D．more pleasant
5．Shanghai is a huge city with a large ________. That causes many ________, like too much traffic and noise.
A．population; questions B．pollution; problems
C．problems; population D．population; problems
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The dog makes a ________ (different) to my life.
2. I think his ________ (strong) is his excellent communication skills.
3. The ________ (solve) to the problem of protecting wild animals is not easy.
4. Cindy is busy ________ gifts with her friends now. (change)
5. The President hasn’t made a public ________ for the last three weeks. (appear)
三、根据要求完成句子。
1. 汤姆比他班里其他任何一个学生跳得都远。
Tom __________ __________ __________ than any other studentin his class.
2. 弟弟比我要细心，所以犯错也很少。
My brother is __________ __________ than me, so he makes fewer mistakes.
3. 西蒙在家庭作业上花费的时间比我少。
Simon spends ________ time on homework ________ me.
4. 事实上，他和他的哥哥一样勤奋。
In fact, he works ________ ________ ________ his elder brother.
5. two, in common, boys, these, a lot, have (. ) (连词成句)
__________________________________________________________
四、完型填空
My best friend, Connie, is two years older than me. We spend a lot of time together.
Connie has long dark brown hair and her 1 are big and round. People say she is beautiful and looks like a doll. When we go out, people often think that I am 2 than her because she is shorter and slimmer (更苗条的).
Connie is positive (乐观的) even 3 things go wrong. Last week she 4 her examination results which were not very good. I thought she was going to be sad. Instead she simply decided 5 better next time. Then, every day after class, if teachers are free in 6 offices, she will ask them for help.
Connie gets on well with others. Everyone in my family 7 her, even my younger brother. When you hear her 8 , you will naturally (自然地) laugh together. When I feel unhappy I will talk to Connie and she will make me feel much 9 .
I think my friendship with Connie is very valuable, 10 I hope we will always be the best friends.
1．A．face B．eye C．eyes D．faces
2．A．old B．older C．younger D．young
3．A．before B．because C．why D．when
4．A．got B．gets C．getting D．get
5．A．does B．doing C．to do D．did
6．A．they B．their C．we D．our
7．A．sees B．like C．see D．likes
8．A．laughed B．laugh C．laughs D．to laugh
9．A．better B．best C．busier D．busiest
10．A．or B．but C．and D．because
五、阅读理解
Over the past fifty years, my hometown has changed a lot. In the past, there were only muddy roads and very few cars. People mostly walked or rode bicycles to get around. Now the roads are much wider and far busier than before, filled with cars, buses, and motorcycles day and night.
The buildings have also changed. Fifty years ago, most buildings were short, simple, and made of brick or wood. Today, they are much taller and more modern, with glass and steel structures everywhere.
The environment (环境) has changed too. The air was fresher and cleaner before, but now it is more polluted because of the growing number of factories and cars. However, people are trying to plant more trees and build parks to make the city greener and healthier.
There are also more fun and convenient places now. We have a huge new shopping mall which is larger, brighter, and more exciting than the old market. Young people think life is more interesting and convenient now because there are more activities and things to do. But some old people still remember the past and say life was simpler, quieter, and more peaceful back then.
1.How did people mainly travel in the past
A. By car and bus B. By motorcycle C. By walking or bicycle D. By train
2.In the third paragraph, the underlined word "polluted" means:
A. fresh and clean B. dirty and harmful C. modern and convenient D. simple and peaceful
3.Why do some old people prefer life in the past
A. Because there were more shopping malls
B. Because the air was cleaner and life was quieter
C. Because there were more factories and cars
D. Because buildings were taller and more modern
4.What are people doing to improve the environment now
A. Building more factories B. Making roads wider
C. Planting more trees and building parks D. Driving more cars
5.What is the main idea of this passage
A. The hometown has not changed at all
B. The changes have only brought problems
C. The hometown has changed with both good and bad sides
D. Only young people like the changes
六、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s nice to have friends. How can you make friends with others and get on well with (与……和睦相处) them 1 .
First, spend much time with people.
If you want to make friends, you need to meet people first. 2 . People who have the same hobbies can be friends easily.
Second, try to be a good listener and learn to smile.
It’s important to show that you are interested in others. 3 . I’m sure you will have many friends by doing so.
Third, care about your friends.
After you decide to make friends with someone, you must care about him or her. 4 . You should help him or her when he or she has some problems.
At last, try to encourage (鼓励) your friends.
Good friends should share both happiness and sadness. 5 . Never laugh at your friends in front of other people.
A．You should know that a true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart
B．You shouldn’t care about whether your friends are similar to you
C．The following may help you
D．If your friends fail (不及格) the exams, try to encourage them
E．Listen carefully to what other people say and try to smile at them
F．You can go to places like coffee shops, clubs or sports centers to meet people
G．When they fail the exams, you could play jokes on them
七、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。
grade wish true much win study photo talent hard friend
My good friend Laura is my cousin. She is two years older than me. She works 1 than me so she usually gets better 2 in the tests. We both like reading and swimming. Although we have the same hobbies, we have some differences. For example, she is 3 outgoing than me. She is 4 in singing. And she 5 wants to be a singer one day. My 6 favorite saying is “Practice makes perfect. ”
Laura is very busy because she 7 photography (摄影) in her free time. She takes lots of fantastic 8 . Last year, she 9 first prize in the photo competition. Everyone 10 to make friends with her now.
II. 语言点精练参考答案
一、单项选择
1-5CBCDD
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
【答案】1. difference 2. strength 3. solution 4. changing 5. appearance
三、根据要求完成句子。
【答案】1. jumps farther than 2. more careful 3. less than 4. as hard as 5. These two boys have a lot in common.
四、完型填空
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者的好朋友康妮的一些个人情况以及她们之间的珍贵友谊。
1．句意：康妮有一头深棕色的长发，她的眼睛又大又圆。
face脸；eye眼睛；eyes眼睛（复数）；faces脸（复数）。根据“ ...are big and round.”及常识可知此处指康妮的眼睛又大又圆，使用名词复数。故选C。
2．句意：当我们外出时，人们经常认为我比她大，因为她又矮又瘦。
old年龄大的；older年龄更大的；younger更年轻的；young年轻的。根据“...than her because she is shorter and slimmer (更苗条的).”可知此处指作者比康妮年龄大，than前面需使用比较级。故选B。
3．句意：康妮是乐观的，即使有时候事情出错了。
before之前；because因为；why为什么；when当。根据“”可知此处指当事情出错时，康妮也能积极面对。故选D。
4．句意：上周她知道了她的考试成绩，并不是很好。
got获得（过去式）；gets获得（三单形式）；getting获得（分词或者动名词形式）；get获得（原形）根据“”可知句子是一般过去时，动词需使用过去式。故选A。
5．句意：相反，她只是决定下次做得更好。
does做（三单形式）；doing做（分词或者动名词形式）；to do做（不定式）；did做（过去式）。动词短语decide to do“决定做某事”，此处需使用不定式。故选C。
6．句意：然后，每天下课后，如果老师在办公室有空，她会向他们寻求帮助。
they他们；their他们的；we我们；our我们的。根据“”可知此处指老师们的办公室，使用形容词性物主代词their。故选B。
7．句意：我家里的每个人都喜欢她，甚至我的弟弟。
sees看到（三单形式）；like喜欢（原形）；see看到（原形）；likes喜欢（三单形式）。根据“When you hear her...you will naturally (自然地) laugh together.”可知作者家里的人都很喜欢康妮，此处句子的主语为第三人称单数，动词需使用三单形式。故选D。
8．句意：当你听到她的笑声时，你自然会一起笑。
laughed大笑（过去式）；laugh大笑（原形）；laughs大笑（三单形式）；to laugh大笑（不定式）动词短语hear sb. doing/do“听到某人做某事”。故选B。
9．句意：当我不开心的时候，我会和康妮谈谈，她会让我感觉好多了。
better更好；best最好；busier更忙；busiest最忙。根据“When I feel unhappy I will talk to Connie and she will make me feel much”可知康妮会让不开心的作者感觉更好，much修饰比较级。故选A。
10．句意：我认为我和康妮的友谊非常宝贵，我希望我们永远是最好的朋友。
or或者，否则；but但是；and和，然后；because因为。根据“I think my friendship with Connie is very valuable...I hope we will always be the best friends.”可知此处两句话为并列关系，使用并列连词and。故选C。
阅读理解
【答案】
1.C. By walking or bicycle
2.B. dirty and harmful
3.B. Because the air was cleaner and life was quieter
4.C. Planting more trees and building parks
5.C. The hometown has changed with both good and bad sides
【解析】
1.根据原文“People mostly walked or rode bicycles to get around”可知，过去主要步行或骑自行车。
2.“polluted”意为“被污染的”，与“dirty and harmful”（肮脏且有害）同义，与之前“fresher and cleaner”形成对比。
3.原文最后提到“some old people...say life was simpler, quieter, and more peaceful back then”，且过去空气更清新（air was fresher and cleaner），因此老人更喜欢过去的宁静和清洁。
4.原文明确提到“people are trying to plant more trees and build parks to make the city greener and healthier”。
5.文章既提到了发展（如交通、建筑、便利设施），也提到了问题（如污染），同时指出人们正在改善环境，因此变化有好有坏，C选项最全面。
七选五
【答案】1．C 2．F 3．E 4．A 5．D
【导语】本文介绍了你如何与他人交朋友，并与他们相处得好的建议。
1．根据“How can you make friends with others and get on well with (与……和睦相处) them ”可知，接下来要介绍如何与他人交朋友，并相处得好的建议。C项“以下内容可能会对您有所帮助”符合语境，故选C。
2．根据“If you want to make friends, you need to meet people first.”可知，此处表示要去一些地方结识朋友。F项“你可以去咖啡店、俱乐部或体育中心等地方结识朋友”符合语境，故选F。
3．根据“Second, try to be a good listener and learn to smile.”可知，此处表示做个好的听众，学会微笑，E项“仔细听别人说什么，并试着对他们微笑”符合语境，故选E。
4．根据“You should help him or her when he or she has some problems.”可知，朋友有问题，你应该帮助她或他。A项“你应该知道，一个真正的朋友向你伸出援手，触动你的心”符合语境，故选A。
5．根据“At last, try to encourage(鼓励) your friends.”可知，此处表示朋友遇到困难，要鼓励他们，D项“如果你的朋友考试不及格，试着鼓励他们”符合语境，故选D。
七、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。
【导语】本文主要介绍了我的好朋友Laura的性格、爱好、业余生活等。
1．句意：她比我学习更努力，所以她通常考试比我考得好。根据“...than me so she usually gets better...”可知，她成绩比我好，因为她学习更努力，备选词“hard努力地”符合，因句中有“than”可知，空处需hard的比较级harder。故填harder。
2．句意：她比我学习更努力，所以她通常考试比我考得好。根据“...gets better... in the tests.”可知，在考试中得到更好的分数。故空处指“分数”，备选词“grade分数”符合，为可数名词，其复数为grades，故填grades。
3．句意：比如，她给我更外向。根据“than”一词可知，空处需填outgoing的比较级，需加more。故填more。
4．句意：她唱歌有天赋。be talented in表示“在某方面有天赋”，talented“有天赋的”为形容词。故填talented。
5．句意：并且她真得想要某一天成为一名歌唱家。根据“...wants to be a singer one day.”及备选词可知，空处指“真得”想成为歌唱家，分析句子成分可知，空处缺副词来修饰动词wants。备选词“true”符合，其副词为truly。故填truly。
6．句意：我朋友最喜欢的谚语是“熟能生巧”。根据“My...favorite saying”及备选词可知，空处指“我朋友的”，需friend的名词所有格friend’s，修饰名词saying。故填friend’s。
7．句意：Laura很忙，因为她在业余时间学习摄影。根据“because she...photography (摄影) in her free time.”可知，她在业余时间“学习”摄影，故空处指“study”，由本句“is”一词可知，空处时态也为一般现在时，从句主语为she，谓语动词需三单形式。故填studies。
8．句意：她拍了很多极好的照片。根据“...photography ( 摄影) in her free time. She takes lots of fantastic...”可知，她业余时间学习摄影，故而拍了很多照片，空处指“photo照片”，lots of后跟名词复数。故填photos。
9．句意：去年，她在摄影比赛中赢得了第一名。根据“...first prize”可知，空处指“赢得”比赛，备选词“win”符合，由Last year可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式，故填won。
10．句意：每个人现在都期望和她交朋友。根据“...to make friends with her now.”及备选词可知，空处指“期待”与她交朋友，备选词“wish”，由句中now一词可知，时态为一般现在时，主语为Everyone，为三单人称，谓语动词需用三单形式。故填wishes。
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