Unit 4 Body Language Words and expressions 课件（共33张）-2025-2026学年人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册

(共33张PPT)
Unit4 Body Language
Words and Expressions
1. interaction n.交流，相互影响，相互作用
interaction between...and... ....和...间的互动
the interaction between performers and their audience
interaction with sb./sth 与某人/某物的相互交流/影响
[派生] interact v. interactive adj.互动的
interact with... 与...交流/相互影响； interact on/upon...对...起作用
The interaction between teachers and students can have a great influence on students’ performance at school.
2. vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变
vary according to the season 随季节而变化
vary from... to...从······到······不等; 在……到……之间变化
vary from person to person 因人而异
[派生] variety n. various adj.
[拓展] 各种各样的 various = a variety of = varieties of
As opinions vary on that point, no decision can be reached.
Often due to ______(vary) pressures, we tend to ignore our health.
various
3. appropriate adj.合适的，恰当的
an appropriate time/place/measure/method
be appropriate to/for... 适合...
It is appropriate for sb to do sth
It is appropriate that sb (should) do [虚拟语气，should可省略]
[派生] appropriately adv. inappropriate adj.不合适的，不恰当的
The book was written in a style appropriate for/to children.
It is appropriate that they (should) begin their journey here.
4. by contrast 相比之下
contrast: n.差异，差别，对比，对照； v. 对比，对照
[搭配]
by/in contrast with.... 与...相比，与...形成对比
in contrast 与此相反 = on the contrary
contrast with 与...形成对比(contrast v.)
It’s quite warm today by contrast with yesterday’s icy wind.
In contrast with your belief that we will fail, I am confident that we will succeed.
5. approve vi.赞成，同意；vt.批准，通过
approve of sb./sth 赞成/同意某人/某事
approve of doing sth赞成/同意做某事
approve sth批准/通过某事
[派生] approval n. get one’s approval [反]disapprove
I’d like to say how much I approve of taking such an necessary step.
This generation of young people get along well with their parents and approve of the way they are being raised(抚养，养育).
6. demonstrate vt.表现，表达；说明；证明；演示
demonstrate sth to sb 演示/证明某事给某人看
It has been demonstrated that...已证实...
demonstrate how to do sth 示范/演示如何做某事
demonstrate an ability to do sth 展示做某事的能力
[派生] demonstration n.证明，示范
[例句] It has been demonstrated that smoking would do harm to our health.
7. witness n.目击者，证人； v.目击，见证，当场看到
witness sth 目击某事 (witness v.)
be a witness to... 目击，看见（某事发生）;证明...真实
in witness of... 见证; 作为...的见证
His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment.
In the past decades, China has witnessed great improvement in people’s life thanks to the reform and opening-up policy.
8. employ vt.使用，应用，雇佣
employ new methods 采用新方法
employ sb as...雇佣某人担任...
employ sb to do sth 雇佣某人做某事
be employed in doing sth = employ oneself in doing sth 从事某事，忙于做某事
[派生] employer n.雇主 employee n.雇员 employment n.工作，雇佣，就业 [反]unemployment失业
The report introduces the teaching methods employed in the classroom in detail.
They are not allowed to employ tools that use electricity.
9. identical adj.相同的
be identical to/with... 与...相同
be identical in... 在...方面相同
be identical to one another 彼此相同
be dressed identically 穿着完全一样
[派生] identically adv. 相同地，完全同样地
There was a dog on the book’s cover which looked identical to mine.
The two sisters were dressed identically.
10. interpret v.把...理解为；口译
interpret...as... 把...理解/解释为... (be interpreted as...)
interpret for sb = do interpreting for sb
get a job as an interpreter 找到一份口译员的工作
[派生] interpretation n.解释，说明；理解 interpreter n.口译员
Smiles are always interpreted as a sign of friendliness.
The film director’s unique interpretation of the classic story made the movie a huge success.
11. differ vi.相异，不同于
differ from = be different from... 不同于...
differ in = be different in... 在...方面不同
differ on/over the matter 在这件事上意见不一致
[派生] difference n. different adj. differently adv.
Opinions on table manners differ greatly from country to country.
The twins look alike, but differ in character.
12. by comparison 与...相比较
compare ... with... 比较....与...
compare....to...把...比作
by/in comparsion with/to sth 与....相比
make a comparison 作对比
[派生] compare v. 比较
I am more interested in teaching literacy and history in comparison to maths and science.
My favorite season is Autumn because the weather is more agreeable by comparison with summer.
13. favor vt.较喜欢，选择，有利于 n.帮助，恩惠，赞同
in favor of 支持，赞同
ask a favor of sb 请求某人帮一个忙 do sb a favor帮某人一个忙
owe sb a favor 欠某人一个人情 in one’s favor 对某人有利
[派生]favorable adj.赞同的，有利的； favorite adj.最喜欢的，n.特别喜爱的人或事物
Opportunity always favors those witha curious mind.
Some people are in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they provide.
14. bow v.鞠躬，点头
bow one’s head 低头
bow down to... 屈从于...
bow to... 向...鞠躬
take a bow = give a bow （表演结束后）鞠躬致谢，谢幕
He bowed his head in shame.
When actors finish their performances, they usuallt take a bow to the audience.
15. break down 消除，分解，打破
It takes a long time to break down prejudices（偏见）.
The car system broke down.
Plastics(塑料) are difficult to break down.
break out 爆发（疾病，战争，火灾等）
break in 插话，打断
break into 破门而入
break through 取得突破
break up 分解，关系破裂，学校期终放假，结束
break off 使折断，断开，中断
16. barrier n.隔阂，障碍
break down the barrier between... and... 消除....和...之间的障碍
a barrier to doing sth 做某事的障碍
a barrier to success 成功的障碍
the language barrier 语言障碍
The encouragement helped me to get through the language barrier.
Some people regard shyness as a barrier to communication, but this can be broken down gradually.
17. make inferences 推理，推断
make an inference from = draw an inference from 由...推断出
by inference 根据推论
[派生] infer v.
infer sth from sth 根据...推断出某事
It is reasonable to infer that.... 有理由推断...
From his manner, we made the inference that he was satisfied with the exam.
What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy
18. anger n.愤怒，怒气
[派生]angry adv.生气的，发怒的 angrily adv. 生气地
[搭配] in anger生气地
be full of anger 充满怒气
tremble with anger 气得发抖
make sb angry 让某人生气
be angry with/at sb生某人的气
be angry about sth 因为某事而生气
19. reliable adj.可靠的，可信赖的
[派生]rely v.信赖，依靠； unreliable adj.不可靠的
a reliable friend/method 可信赖的朋友/可靠的办法
information coming from a reliable source 来源可靠的消息
rely on = depend on 依赖，依靠，指望
rely on sb to do sth依靠某人做某事
That young man is honest, cooperative, always there when you need his help. In short, he is reliable.
Students prefer to rely on peers to relieve stress and anxiety.
20. incident n.发生的事情，严重事件，冲突
a major incident 重大事件
a serious incident严重事故
a violent incident 暴力事件
a border incident 边境冲突
A serious incident happened on the highway this morning.
This incident reflects badly on everyone involved.
这一事件给相关人士造成了恶劣影响。
21. trail n./v.审讯，审判，试验，试用
on trail (for sth) (因某事)在受审中
go on trail 受到审判
bring sb to trail 将某人交送法庭审判
come to trail 开庭审理
on trail for a week 试用一个星期
trail and error 反复试验
[例句] Trail and error leads to the finding of truth.
22. slightly adv.稍微，略微
[派生]slight adj.轻微的，略微的，细小的
a slight chance 机会渺茫
a slight cold/fever 轻微的感冒/低烧
a slight figure 身材瘦小
He is standing very straight, with his left leg slightly forward.
The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world’s climate
23. assess v.评估，评价
make an assessment of 对....做出评估
a reading assessment test 一个阅读评估测试
assess sb./sth (as sth) 评估，评定(性质，质量)
[派生] assessment n.
They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger.
The assessment for the course involves written assignments and practical tests.
24. strighten up 直起来，整理，收拾整齐
strighten up one’s back 挺直背部
Strighten up your room before going out to play.
25. pose n./v.姿态，姿势；摆好姿势，造成
adopt an elegant pose 摆出优雅的姿态
hold a pose 保持一个姿势
pose for a photograph 摆好姿势拍照
pose as... 假装，冒充
pose a threat/challenge构成威胁/挑战
[例句] His ill health poses serious problems for the future.
26. bend n./v.拐弯，弯道；弯曲，倾斜，偏向
bend one’s head/knees 低下头/屈膝
bend the truth 歪曲事实
bend easily 容易弯曲
bend down 弯下，弯腰
a sharp bend 一个急转弯
The driver slowed down at a tight bend in the road.
However weak the nation may be, it will never bend to a greater power.
He could not bend his mind to his studies.
27. reveal v.揭示，显示，露出
reveal sth to sb 向某人透露某事
reveal the truth 揭露真相
reveal a secret 泄露秘密
Research reveals that teenagers prefer sharing their secrets with friends.
28. clarify v.阐明，澄清
clarify an issue/a problem 澄清问题
clarify one’s position 澄清某人的立场
[派生]clarification n.阐明，澄清
fy结尾的部分动词
satisfy；simplify; classify; beautify;purify
Thank you for writing and allowing me to clarify the present situation.
29. in other words 换句话说，就是说
[同义表达]namely, that is to say (在句中做插入语)
[word其他短语]
in a word 总之，简言之
keep/break one’s word 信守承诺/食言
beyond words 无法用语言表达
word for word 逐字的，一字不差的
have a word with sb 和某人说话、交谈
have words with sb 和某人吵架
30. tendency n.趋势，倾向
have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向
have a tendency to/towards sth 有...的倾向
[派生]tend v.
tend to/towards sth 倾向于
tend to do sth 易于做某事 【tend sb 照顾某人】
There is a growing tendency for people to shop online in recent years.
Studies have found that children who spend more time outside tend to be healtier.
31. lower v.把...降低，降低，减少 adj.下面的
lower her eyes 垂下她的眼睛
lower one’s voice 压低声音
lower expense 减少开支
lower prices 降低价格
the lower lip 下嘴唇(adj.)
Music can lower stress and anxiety by distracting the mind from the pain.
Lowering prices can attract more customers.
32. imply v.意味着，暗示
imply (that)... 表明...
It’s implied that... 这意味着...
[派生] implication n.暗指，含义
by implication 言外之意
What are you implying by.... 你通过....暗示什么
Their failure to reply to our letter seems to imply a lack of interest.
Not having toys didn’t necessarily imply that we didn’t have ways of having fun.