Modules
7-12
必考词汇
◆1.
somewhere
⑴
somewhere
作为副词,意为“在某处,到某处”,例如:
I
have
seem
him
somewhere
before.
我以前在哪儿见过他。
⑵
somewhere
另一词性,是代词(不定代词),而不是名词。例如:
we
need
to
find
somewhere
to
live.
我们得找个住的地方
。
『常用搭配』
get
somewhere有进展;somewhere
around
\between大约
,……左右。和
about
意思相同。
【链接中考】
(江苏省无锡市)
I
can’t
find
my
watch,
but
it
must
be
_______
in
this
room.
A.
everywhere
B.
nowhere
C.
anywhere
D.
somewhere
【答案】D
◆2.
nobody
nobody是代词,意为“没有人,
无人,
谁也不”。
There
is
nobody
there.
那里没有人。
『辨析活用』
no
one,
nobody与none
⑴
no
one=nobody,两者均只
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能指人,不能指物;用作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。例如:No
one
[Nobody]
likes
it.
没人喜欢它。
⑵
none
既可指人也可指物,其后通常接
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of短语;用作主语时,若指不可数名词,谓语只能用单数,若指可数名词,则谓语可用单数(较正式)也可用复数(用于非正式文体,但更符合惯用法)。例如:
None
of
the
food
was
left.
一点食物都没留下。
None
of
the
books
is
[are]
interesting.
没有一本书有趣。
⑶
none
往往暗示有一定的范围(这种范
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )围通常就表现在其后的
of
短语上),而
no
one
或
nobody
则不暗示这种范围。
例如:
A:
Did
any
of
your
friends
come
to
see
you
你的朋友当中有谁来看过你吗
B:
None.
一个也没来。
A:
Did
anyone
come
to
see
you
有人来看过你吗
B:
No
one
[Nobody].
谁也没来(from
21世纪教育网
yywords.
com)。
◇none
有时暗示一种数
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )量,即指数量上“一个也没有”,而
no
one
或
nobody
则往往表示一种全面否定,即指“谁都没有”,所以在回答
how
many
或
how
much
的提问时,通常用
none,而在回答
who
的提问时,通常用
no
one
或
nobody。例如:
①—How
many
English
books
have
you
read
你读过多少本英文书
—None.
一本也没读。
②—Who
went
to
see
the
film
谁去看电影了
—No
one
[Nobody].
谁也没去。
【链接中考】
(湖南长沙)
1.
—
Who
helped
you
clean
the
classroom
yesterday
—
______.
I
cleaned
it
all
by
myself.
A.
Somebody
B.
Nobody
C.
Everybody
【答案】B
(江苏省苏州市)
2.
—
Wow!
You’ve
got
so
many
skirts.
—But
_______
of
them
are
in
fashion
now.
A.
all
B.
both
C.
neither
D.
none
【答案】D
(湖北省武汉市)
3.
—
How
many
students
are
there
in
the
classroom
—________.
They
are
all
in
the
lab.
A.
Some
B.
None
C.
All
D.
Neither
【答案】B
◆3.
all
all修饰名词主语时,可放在主语或行为动词之前,但要放在be动词之后。当be动词是句中最后一个词时,all要放在动词之前。例如:
All
the
boys
study
well
The
boys
all
study
well
孩子们都学习得很好。
—Are
you
young
pioneers
你们是少先队员吗?
—Yes,
we
all
are.
是的,我们都是少先队员。
『辨析活用』all和both
表示“全体”,可用all和both,但all表示三个或三个以上的人或物的“全体”,而both则表示两个人或物的“全体”。例如:
All
the
five
students
are
from
the
USA.
五个学生都来自美国。
Both
the
two
girls
are
pretty.
两个女孩都长得漂亮。
『常用搭配』
⑴
all
of
实足(后面如果加代词,代词前面不需要修饰词)例如:
All
of
them
like
disco
dance.
他们都喜欢迪斯科舞。
⑵
all与not连用通常表示“部分否定”。例如:
All
my
friends
cannot
swim.
我所有的朋友并不都会游泳。
I
don’t
know
all
of
them.
我并不都认识他们。
⑶
at
all作“完全,根本”解,多用于否定句,条件句。如用于肯定句,疑问句。可作“真的,确实”解。例如:
If
it
were
not
for
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
sun,
we
could
not
live
at
all.
如果没有太阳,我们根本不能生存。
⑷
all
over到处,全部
He’s
wet
all
over.
他浑身湿透。
⑸
all
alone独自
I’m
all
alone
here
at
present.
目前我单独一人在这里。
【链接中考】
(河南省)
To
help
Tommy
lea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rn
better,
his
parents
have
done
they
could:
cards,
tapes,
special
learning
centers,
in
short,
everything
they
can
think
of.
A.
both
B.
all
C.
none
D.
neither
【答案】B
◆4.
join
join意为“加入某一种组织,成为其中一员”,join后面还可接表示人的名词或代词,表示加入到某人或某些人的行列中去。例如:
My
uncle
joined
the
party
in
1998.
我叔叔是1998年入党的。
『辨析活用』
◇join
in表示“加入,参与”
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )某种活动,in之后可接名词或动词-ing形式,表示“参加某人的活动”,可以说join
sb.
in
(doing)
sth.
。例如:
He
joined
them
in
the
work.
他同他们一起工作。
Will
you
join
us
in
playing
basketball 你跟我们一起打篮球好吗?
◇take
part
in指参加会议或群众性活动,重在说明句子主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥作用。例如:
The
teacher
took
part
in
our
discussion
yesterday.
昨天老师参加了我们的讨论。
(福建三明市)
—I’m
afraid
English
is
too
hard
for
me.
—_______,
and
you
will
improve
it!
A.
Join
the
English
club
B.
Go
to
the
concert
one
C.
Stay
up
last
【答案】A
◆5.
ago
ago副词,意为“以前”,主要用于一般过去时。例如:
He
met
her
three
days
ago.
他三天前碰到过她。
『辨析活用』ago和before
ago和before都可用作副词与时间段连用,表示“……之前”,但它们的用法有所不同。
“时间段+ago”,表示从说话时刻算起的若干
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时间以前,常用于一般过去时;“时间段+
before”,表示从过去某时起若干时间以前,与过去完成时连用。例如:
He
was
here
an
hour
ago.
他一小时前还在这里的。
I
have
never
seen
him
before.
我以前从未见过他。
◇before可作介词,后接时间点;也可作连词,引导时间状语从句。而ago不能用作介词和连词。例如:
He
will
be
back
before
five
o’clock.
他会在五点钟以前回来。
I’ll
ring
you
up
before
I
leave
home.
我离家以前将给你打电话。
【链接中考】
(青海省,宁夏)
1.
—
Have
you
read
this
book?
—Yes.
I
______
it
two
weeks
ago.
A.
am
reading
B.
have
read
C.
will
read
D.
read
【答案】D
(广西南宁)
2.
Mr.
Brown
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )knew
nothing
about
the
good
news
______
his
wife
told
it
to
him.
A.
before
B.
after
C.
since
D.
if
【答案】A
常考短语
◆1.
pick
up
pick
up表示“拾起
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )”,“拿起”,“捡起”等意思。pick
up是由“动词+副词”构成的短语,后面接代词作宾语时要把代词放在动词和副词之间。例如:
I
would
have
picked
it
up
if
I
had
noticed
it.
我如果看见的话,
我早就把它拣起来了。
(山东省烟台市)
The
ticket
is
on
the
floor,
please
_______.
A.
pick
up
it B.
look
for
C.
pick
it
up D.
look
it
up
【答案】C
经典句型
◆1.
How
does
Tony
get
to
school
how作疑问副词,
引起问句(表示方法,手段,状态),意为“如何,
怎样”。例如:
How
does
he
go
to
school
他是怎样去上学的?
回答时常用一下两种形式:
⑴“by+doing”可以表示方法、手段或原因,此时by的介词短语多用作状语。
By
working
hard
I
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
made
great
progress
this
term.
通过刻苦努力,我在本学期取得了巨大的进步。
⑵“by+名词”也可以用来表达方式或手段,尤其用于表示运输或取道的方式。
I
go
to
work
by
bike
every
day.
我每天骑自行车上班。
【链接中考】
(湖北省襄樊市)
—______
do
you
study
for
a
test
—I
study
by
working
with
a
group
.
A.
Where
B.
How
C.
When
D.
Why
【答案】B
◆2.
—
Why
didn’t
they
want
them
—
Because
they
wanted
…
在回答why的问句时,应该用because来回答。例如:
—Why
didn’t
you
go
to
see
the
film 你为什么没去看电影?
—Because
I
have
seen
it.
因为我看过了。
【链接中考】
(湖北省荆州市)
—Why
didn’t
Betty
come
to
school
yesterday
—_______
she
was
ill.
A.
But
B.
Though
C.
If
D.
Because
【答案】D
◆3.
How
long
did
it
take
to
get
there
take动词,意为“花费……”,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )常用it作形式主语,宾语大多是时间。常用句型为:It
takes(sb)
some
time
to
do
sth.
。例如:
Just
a
minute,
it
won’t
take
me
long
to
change.
等一下,我很快就可以换好衣服。
『辨析活用』spend,
take,
pay和cost
⑴
spend作“花费”讲,既
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可用作“花钱”,也可用作“花时间”。人作主语。用在表示“为某事而花钱”时,后接介词on。即:spend
some
money
on
sth.
She
spent
five
dollars
on
the
dictionary.
她买那本词典花了五美元
表示“花时间做某事”时,可接on+名词或
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in+动词ing。形式,in可省去。即spend
some
time
on
sth.
或spend
some
time
(in)
doing
sth.
I
spend
an
hour
(in)
reading
every
day.
我每天花一小时读书。
⑵
take用来指“花费”,只能表达“花费时间”,而不能表达“花费金钱”。主语通常是事物。
It
took
the
workers
two
years
build
the
bridge.
工人花了两年时间才建成这座桥。
⑶
pay指“某人买某物(或为某事)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )付多少钱(给某人)”,常与for连用。常见结构分别为:pay
sb.
some
money或pay
money
for
sth.
I
paid
¥350
for
that
new
bike.
我花了三百五十元买了那辆新自行车。
⑷
cost指花钱,主语是事或物。其常见结构是
sth.
costs
sb.
some
money。
The
dictionary
cost
me
50
yuan.
这本字典花了我50元钱。
【链接中考】
(福州市)
1.
—
What
a
nice
model
ship!
—Thank
you.
It
______
me
three
days
to
make
it.
A.
paid
B.
spent
C.
took
D.
wasted
【答案】C
(四川达州)
2.
—
Your
watch
is
so
beautiful.
It
must
be
expensive.
—
Not
at
all.
I
only
¥20
on
it.
A.
cost
B.
spent
C.
paid
D.
took
【答案】B
(甘肃省兰州市)
3.
How
much
does
the
ticket
______
from
Shanghai
to
Beijing
A.
cost
B.
took
C.
spend
D.
pay
【答案】A