2026年牛津上海版中考英语一轮复习动词时态 课件 （共72张PPT）

(共72张PPT)
Tenses (动词时态)
一般 进行 完成 完成进行
现在 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 现在完成进行时
过去 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时
将来 一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成时 将来完成进行时
过去将来 过去将来时 过去将来进行时 过去将来完成时 过去将来完成进行时
I 本章要点
I 时态语法点分述
一、 一般现在时 Simple Present Tense
结构公式：am/is/are/do/does
常见时间状语：
sometimes, usually, never, always, often;
every day / week / month / year / ... ;
on Sunday (s) / Monday (s) /...
1. 经常性或习惯性的动作，如日常行为，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。
常用频度副词：
every…/all the time >always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom≈rarely≈ hardly>never

Life rarely turns out the way that we plan.
生活几乎从不按招出牌。
--Beverly Hills 90210
2. 表示按计划将会发生的事情，主语常常是物。
这列高速列车（高铁）早上9点出发去北京。（high-speed train）
The high-speed train leaves/heads/makes for Beijing at 9 am._
3. 表示真理或不变的事实。
树叶在秋季从绿变黄。
Leaves turn from green to yellow in autumn.
4. 在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时，简称为“主将从现”。
如果我在纽约时有时间去购物，我会帮你去苹果店买个iPad 10。
I will buy you an iPad10 from the Apple Store if I have time to go shopping in New York.
★真题试炼★
1)Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she___ back.
A. came B. comes
C. would come D. will come
2)--Could you tell me when Mr. Li______in Wuhan
--Sure. When he ________, I'll call you.
A. arrives, will arrive B. will arrive, arrives
C. arrives, arrives D. will arrive, will arrive
B
B
5.特别结构
结构公式一：It is +一段时间+since +从句
结构公式二：It has been+一段时间+since +从句
Attention
第一种句型更常见。如：
1)As for myself, it is many, many years since I first began to think of him in a very different manner.
--Pride and Prejudice
至于说到我自己对他印象转坏，那已经是好多好多年的事了。
2)It has been a long time since we met last time.
好久不见。
一、 现在进行时 Present Continuous Tense
结构公式：am/is/are+doing
时间状语：Now,at present,at the moment, look, listen
1.表示说话时正在进行的动作。
嘘，孩子们正在睡觉呢。
Sh, /Xu/ Hush, the babies are sleeping.
2.表示最近一段时间内正在进行的动作。
Jack’s having a hard time at the office at the moment and he’s smoking about fifty cigarettes a day.
Jack眼下在办公室里日子不好过，（因此）每天要抽50来根烟。
现在进行时的用法
3.与频率副词连用，表示作者的一种感情态度。(如always, forever,constantly, continually)
你老是像我妈一样唠叨我。(nag sb.)
You are always nagging me like my mom.
4.表达某种情感，表示关切，礼貌，赞美等。
I’m telling you the truth. I tell you the truth.
我是在告诉你真相。（关切）我告诉你真相。（事实）
5.表示将来即将发生的动作，给人一种期待感，常伴有表示将来的时间状语。
They are getting married next month.
他们下个月要结婚了。
Attention
1)此用法常用于：arrive, return, land, leave, come, go, drive, fly, travel, move, die, stay等位移动词。
I'm going home tonight.
我今晚回家。
2)以下词汇在特定语境中也可进行时表将来：
a.I’m meeting you soon after class.
b.——What are you doing this evening
——I’m having dinner at home with my families.
类动词 fear（害怕），love（爱），hate（讨厌），mind（介意），like（喜欢），please（喜爱），prefer（更喜爱）
类动词 think（认为），believe（相信），doubt（怀疑），remember（记起了），realize（认识），suppose（怀疑）
类动词 see, hear, find…
动词 become, return. buy, join, get to(know), hear from…特例：*He’s jumping with joy. (少数瞬间动词用于进行，表反复发生的动作)The old man is dying.这个老人已奄奄一息。(此处进行时表示逐渐、即将)
情感
心理活动
结果
瞬间
不能使用进行时的动词
★小试身手★
请用一般现在时或现在进行时完成下面题目：
1)Can I help you
-I bought this watch here yesterday, but it _______(do)work.
2)I don’t really work here, I am _____
（help）until the new secretary arrives.
3)There ___(go) the bell. /Here ____ (come)Mr.Wang.
4)You don't believe it. You know I'm_____(tell) the truth.
doesn't
helping
goes
comes
telling
三、 一般过去时 Simple Past Tense
结构公式：was / were / did（初中不规则动词表见附录一）
时间状语：
yesterday, last week, the day before yesterday, the week before last,in July, in 2006,just now, three days ago,
at that time, from then on, the other day,
once upon a time
1.表示过去某个时间一连串的行为。
结构公式：did A, did B,… and did N
史瑞克给了公主一个丑陋的微笑，拉起她绿色的胖手，然后温柔的吻了她一下。
Shrek gave the princess an ugly smile, held her fat green hand/green fat hand and kissed her gently.
2.表示过去某行为或某状态已发生，不强调进行。
当我1990年代在上海时，我每周末都去美术馆。
When I was in Shanghai in the 1990s, I went to the art gallery every weekend.
1)A report has just come in that the Southgate warehouse (仓库) ____ into last Friday night.
A. broke
B. was broken
C. had broken
D. had been broken
B
3.used to do sth.
过去常常做某事
On Sunday evenings we used to be permitted to play, if we did not make much noise; now a mere titter is sufficient to send us into corners!
从前一到星期天晚上，还准许我们玩玩，只要我们不太吵，现在我们只要偷偷一笑，就得罚站墙角啦！
--Wuthering Height
used to would
过去习惯动作
状态
过去和现在对比
偶尔
In such cases, we would go to the old workers for help.
Before 1949 he used to work twelve hours a day.
He used to live in the countryside.
√
√
√
√
×
×
×
√（be,live, have）
近义词辨析would do sth. VS used to do sth.
be/get used to doing sth/sth 习惯于做某事
be used to do 被用来做某事
城里人习惯把狗当宠物，而在农村狗狗通常用来看家(guard).
People living in the city are used to taking dogs as pets, while dogs are used to guard home in the countryside.
近形词辨析
★小试身手★
1) Tony used to _______ to school, but he is used to _______ to school now.
A. walk; taking a bus B. walked; took a bus
C. walk; take a bus D. walked; taking a bus
2) He used to ____ in a small village, but now he has been used to ___ in the big city.
A. live; living B.live; live C. living; living D. living; live
3) Mrs Green _______ go to hospital, but now she is in good health.
A. has to B.need to C.used to D.ought to
A
A
C
★真题试炼
1) Unlike Chinese, Americans __________ their meals with knives and forks.
A. used to taking B, are used to taking
C. used to take D. are used to take
2) We have _______ up early in order to catch the early bus.
A. used to get B, been used to get
C. used for getting D. been used to getting
B
D
四、过去进行时 Past Continuous Tense
结构公式：
was / were+doing
时间状语：this time yesterday, at that time, at the moment（这个词组也可以用在现在进行时），all morning等。
1. 强调过去某时间段或某个时间点正在发生的事。
Yesterday at six o'clock, Kobe was playing football.
★真题试炼★
1) He was still working on his project while other people ________a rest.
A. were having B. are having
C. will have D. have
2) Susan and Lily tomatoes and other vegetables on the farm this time yesterday.
A pick B are picking
C will pick D were picking
A
D
2.强调动作的持续性，比一般过去时更生动。（用一般过去时和过去进行时填空）
It heavily last night. （昨天下雨了这个事实）
It heavily last night. （昨晚下雨持续时间长）
3.与always, constantly, continually, forever 等连用表达某种感彩。
My brother was always losing his keys.
rained
was raining
★小试身手★
请用一般过去时或过去进行时填空：
1) While Tom (read)___________, Emely (watch) _________ a documentary on TV.
2) The thief (sneak) _________ into the house, (steal) _________ the jewels and (leave) _________ without a trace.
3) While we (do) _________ a sight-seeing tour, our friends (lie) _________ on the beach.
4) I (write)_________ a book last year but I haven’t finished it yet.
5) -What (do / you) ____________ yesterday at 8 pm
-I (sit) __________ in the pub with Sam. Why
was reading
was watching
sneaked
stole
left
were doing
were lying
was writing
were you doing
was sitting
五、 一般将来时 Simple Future Tense
结构公式一：sb. will / shall do
结构公式二：am / is / are going to do
结构公式三：am/ is / are to do
结构公式四：am/ is / are about to do
时间状语：next…, tomorrow, in+时间, soon, this evening等
1、be going to
①表示计划，安排要做的事
②表示现在的迹象推断未来可能发生某事。
--- What ________________do this evening
--- I am going to do my lessons.
看那些乌云要下雨了.
Loot at the dark clouds. It __________rain.
is going to
are you going to
2.will与shall＋v
1)表示一个将来的动作或状态，“要…,会…”
She will go to the park tomorrow.
2）表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的事。
Tom will be 18 next year.
Spring will come again.
Tomorrow will be Sunday.
3) will+v 有时表示说话是临时决定或打算。
--- My car won’t start.
---Don’t worry, I will come and give it a push.
3.be +v-ing
go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay, fly, land, take off等动词可用现在进行时表示安排和计划或即将发生的动作。
我们明天动身去青岛.
We’re leaving for Qingdao.
4.表示与生日,日历,课时安排或交通时刻表有关的动作(一种规律) ，用一般现在时表示将来时态
常用于转移动词如：
begin, come , leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close…
The evening class begins at 19:00.
火车两点出发.
The train starts at two.
注:在时间或条件状语从句中,从句用一般现在时表示将来时:when, as soon as,
before, once, if , unless, even if, in case
If you come this morning, we will
have a meeting.
When I graduate, I will go to the
countryside
5.be to do
①表按计划或安排即将发生的动作
②表示约定，责任，命令，或注定要发生的动作。
③官方计划或决定（常见于报纸或广播）
He and I are to meet at the railway station tomorrow.
You are not to be back late.
If not watered, the plants are to die.
The president is to speak on TV tonight.
计划，安排
责任，命令
注定要发生的动作
官方计划或决定
6.be about to do 表示正要做…,马上要做...
(不能与表示将来的时间的状语连用)
英语晚会即将开始。
The English Evening Party is about to begin.
我正要出去,这时下起了雨.
I was about to go out when it began to rain.
will be doing 早已安排好或预计发生的事，难以改变，表承诺。 I will be having a meeting at
3 p.m. tomorrow.
★小试身手★
1) The football match will be put off if it ________.
A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining
2)I won’t go if it ________ tomorrow.
I don’t know if it ________ tomorrow.
A. rains B. will rain C. is raining
D. has rained
Attention
注意分清：由when和if引导的从句是状语从句还是宾语从句
B
A
B
★检验真知★
请从一般将来时的其中形式中选择，完成下列句子：
1) I ________________ (probably, go) back to England tomorrow.
2) Hurry up! The conference ________________ (begin) in 20 minutes.
3) Look at these big black clouds! It ________________ (rain).
4) Here is the weather forecast. Tomorrow________________ (be) dry and sunny.
5) What does a blonde say when she sees a banana skin lying just a few metres in front of her - Oh dear! I ________________ (slip)!
will probably go
begins
is going to rain
will be
am going to slip
六、现在完成时 Present Perfect Tense
结构公式：sb. have/ has done
时间状语：
already, yet, just, so far, never, ever, since +过去时间点,for +一段时间, in the past/last few years
现在完成时的简单定义：
1）过去发生的动作对现在产生一定的影响；2）过去发生的动作一直延续到现在。
比较：
I had 10 hamburgers today.
今天“吃”的行为已结束，10为最终结果。
I have had 10 hamburgers today.
今天到目前为止吃了10个，可能很饱，也可能还不尽兴。
用法 含义 标志词 例句
已完成 动作发生在过去，但后果或影响至今仍然存在. just already，yet Your letter has just been received.
未完成 动作开始在过去，一直持续到现在 for…, since… They have lived here for more than twenty years.
现在完成时有两个主要用法：
Attention
你还能列出现在完成时的一些时间状语吗？
recently, lately, 总次数……（XX times）
1. since用法
结构公式：现在完成时 + since + 一般过去式/过去的时间状语
1) I’ve known my best friend we were in high school.
since
2. 瞬间动词不能直接和for, since的完成时连用
★小试身手★
He has borrowed this book for four days (错误or正确？)
He has kept this book for four days.
(错误or正确？)
The play has started for half an hour.(错误or正确？)
The play has been on for half an hour.(错误or正确？)
瞬间动词变成延续动词
1) borrow---keep
2) buy-----have
3) catch a cold----have a cold
4) die---be dead
5) fall asleep---be asleep
6) fall ill-----be ill
7) join------be in
8) leave---be away
9) marry----be married
10) start----be on
11) end---- be over
★真题试炼★
1) I have been a League member since 2008.
I _______ a League member ________ 2008.
2) Old John died five years ago.
Old John has _________ 5 years.
3) My uncle came here an hour ago.
My uncle has __________ for an hour.
____ an hour ______ my uncle came here.
became
in
been dead for
been here
It is
since
1. have been VS have gone
★真题试炼★
1) --Where is Zhang
--Oh, don't you know he _______ to Beijing to see his parents and he will be back tomorrow.
A. has gone B. has been
C. had gone D. had been
2) _________ you ever _________ to New York, my hometown
A. Have...been B. Did...go C. Have...goneD. Are...going
3) -He’s a native Shanghainese, isn’t he
-Yes, he this city for 60 years so far.
A. has gone to B. has been to
C. has gone in D. has been in
A
A
D
总结
have been to 去过（去了已经回来）
have gone to 表示去了（去了还没回来）
have been in (始终呆在一个地方)
4.特别句型
a.It /This +is +序数词＋n + 现在完成时
It is the first time that I’ve seen such a wonderful performance.
这是我第一次看到如此精彩的表演。
b.It/this is + 最高级/the best/the worst /the most interesting/the only +n.+现在完成时
‘Get away!’ is the only words that she has ever said to me.
她对我说的唯一一句话是“滚开”。
现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响，不与具体过去时间状语连用；
一般过去时说的是过去发生的或已经结束了的动作，它和现在没有直接关系，即使事实上和现在有关系，说话时也不强调这种关系，而只是指出那个动作发生在过去某一时间。
到目前为止总次数用
现在完成时
强调某一次动作用
一般过去时
5.现在完成时和过去时区别
★小试身手★
1. Fill in the blanks with the missing words.
1) How _______have you been in the U.S How many times have you been to the US
2) I’ve known the teacher since I ______ at this college.
3) My wife and I _____ known each other since we ________ in elementary school.
4) I’m interested in art. I _______ interested in art since I was in high school.
long
went/began/
had to study
have
met
have been
2 Rewrite the following sentences with an adverb, pay attention to the position of the adverbs.
Attention
Yet，so far常置于句末，already, just, ever, never等一般置于助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前。
1)He has (already) finished the job that you gave him.
2)I have (never) been happy with life in the city.
3)Has he (ever) joined the other boys in their games
4)It looks as if that building has (just)caught fire.
5)The train to West has not arrived (yet).
七、 过去完成时Past Perfect Tense
结构公式：had done
时间状语：by+过去时间
The family of Dashwood had long been settled in Sussex. Their estate was large, and their residence was at Norland Park, in the centre of their property, where, for many generations, they had lived in so respectable a manner as to engage the general good opinion of their surrounding acquaintance.
达什伍德家在苏塞克斯定居，可有些年代了。家里置下一个偌大的田庄，府第就设在田庄中心的诺兰庄园。祖祖辈辈以来，一家人一直过着体面日子，赢得了四近乡邻的交口称誉。
Sense and Sensibility
1. 过去完成时用以表示到过去某一时间动作已完成或延续到某一过去时间的动作或状态，也就是说发生在“过去的过去”。标志性时间状语为by+过去时间点。
His mother had gone to work by the time he arrived home.
2. 如果两个动作发生在过去有明显的先后顺序，最先发生的用过去完成时。
He asked if Mr Gilbert's operation had been successful and the doctor told him that it had been.
★真题试炼★
1) The students ______ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ______ in the office.
A. had written; left
B. were writing; has left
C. had written; had left
D. were writing; had left
2) The girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous, for she _____ before.
A. didn't fly B. hasn't flown
C. hadn't flown D. wasn't flying
D
C
1) She understood how to fix the computer problem yesterday because she _________ the same problem before. (have)
2) My cousin didn’t have to study English when he started college because he
_ ______ __ it as a child. (learn)
had had
had learned/learnt
八、 过去将来时Past Future Tense
结构公式一：would do
结构公式二：was/were going to do
时间状语：soon, the next day, the next month, the next year等
表示过去预计将要发生的动作或存在的状态，即 “站在过去说将来”。
★真题试炼★
1) Jenny told me that she ______an English Speech Contest the next month.
A. takes part in
B. is taking part in
C. took part in
D. would take part in
2) Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn’t enter the house, for he ________ his key
at school.
A. had left B. would leave
C. was leaving D. has left
D
A
★检验真知★
It was eleven at night. I _________ (write) at my desk. Suddenly, I ______ (hear) a noise from downstairs. Someone ____________ (beat) the door of the lift. I _____ (go) out and ________ (shout).
--“What’s the matter ”
--“I ________ (stay) in the lift for an hour! I can’t _____ (go)out.”
--“Wait a moment. I ________ (help) you.”
Then I returned to my room. My wife told me that she ________(call) the worker already and he _________ (come) in no time.
Soon the worker _______ (come) with a bag in his hand. Some modern tools ________ (use) and the door of the lift opened.
was writcing
heard
was beating
went
shouted
have stayed
go
will help
had called
would come
came
were used
九、 现在完成进行时 Present Perfect Progressive Tense
结构公式：have/has been doing
时间状语：so far, since +现在时间,for +一段时间, all morning等
In my younger and more vulnerable years my father gave me some advice that I’ve been turning over（仔细考虑）in my mind ever since. “Whenever you feel like criticizing any one,” he told me, “just remember that all the people in this world haven’t had the advantages that you’ve had.”
The Great Gatsby
现在完成进行时是现在完成时态和进行时态的结合，既有现在完成时态的特点，也有进行时态的特点。主要表示
一个持续到现在的动作；
表示动作的重复；
表示长时间做某事；
表示感彩。
现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别:1. 现在完成时可以表示一个已经完成的动作，而现在完成进行时则表示一个正在进行的动作, 强调动作的持续性，因此有“未完成”的含义。试比较： I have read this book.
（ 我读过这本书。 ）
I have been reading this book.
（ 我一直在读这本书 ）
Attention
1) 有少数动词(如work, study, live, teach, stay等)在表示持续一时间时用这两种时态含义差不多(只是用现在完成进行进更强调动作的持续性)。
How long have you worked [been working] here
你在这儿工作多久了？
自1988年以来我就一直住在这儿。
I have lived here/have been living here since 1988.
2) 现在完成时通常只陈述事实，而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感彩。 我等了两小时。(陈述事实)
I've waited for 2 hours__
我等了两个小时。(等得望穿秋水)
I have been waiting for 2 hours.
3) 不用于进行时态的动词通常也不用于现在完成进行时，但它们可以用于现在完成时。 我认识她刚刚两天。
I have just known her for two days.
他们结婚已二十年了。
They have been married for 20 years.
4) 现在完成进行时不用于被动语态，但可用现在完成时的被动语态代替。
这房子已漆了一个月。
The house has been painted for a month.
We have been painting this house for a month._
这个问题已被研究了五天。
The problem has been studied for 5 days.
We have been studying this problem for 5 days.
现完 现完进
已完成 √ ×
未完成 √ +for/ since… √（+for/ since…）
情感 × √
被动语态 √ ×
适用动词 （有since/for：不能用瞬间V） 除不能用进行时的V （心理V；情感V；结果V；瞬间V……）
5) 现在完成时&现在完成进行时异同
十、 过去完成进行时Past Perfect Progressive Tense
结构公式：had been doing
时间状语：by+过去时间，before+过去时间
去年他戒烟了。他抽烟已经30年。
He quit/gave up smoking last year. He had been smoking for 30 years.
表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到另外一个过去时间的动作，这个动作在当时仍在进行并可能继续延续下去。
十一、 将来完成时 Future Perfect Tense
结构公式：will have done
时间状语：before+将来时间；by+将来时间，时间点若是从句，要用一般现在时
表示在将来某一时间点以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。
I am sure he will have finished his work by the time you are there.
时态Summary
一般 进行 完成 完成进行
现在 work(s) is/am/are working have/ has worked have/has been working
过去 worked was/were working had worked had been working
将来 will/ shall work is/am/are going to work… will be working will have worked will have been working
过去将来 would workwas/were going to work… would be working would have worked would have been working
短语 所对应时态 短语 所对应时态
now 一般现、现进 how often 一般现、一般过
at this time yesterday 过去进行 how long 现完、现完进
last year/month 一般过 since when 现完
by the end/time of +过去时间 过完 in the past three years 现完
by the end/time of +将来时间 将完 Watch out！ 现在进行
1. 根据“标志词”确定时态
1. 在英语里有些动词与时态有着特定的对应关系，如:
see(看见)，hear(听见)，find(找到) 结果类动词 不能用进行时
work 表示机器不能正常运行、运转时 常用do/doesn’t work；
open, close, lock 表示门、窗等不能正常关、开、锁的意思时 常用won’t open /close /lock等，这时它们是以主动形式表示被动意义。
窗户打不开了，得找个人来修。
The window won't open. I need to find someone to repair it.
I need to have it repaired.
(have sth done让别人来做，但不强调是谁)