Unit 5 Into the wild 课件（共140张）+学案（含答案）+练习（含答案）

Unit 5　Into the wild
● 语境词汇串记
1.variety　2.on　3.staring　4.froze　5.reaction
6.rewarding　7.but　8.made　9.which　10.eventually
● 考点互动探究
单词点睛
(1)①to reduce　②measuring　③by　(2)①in full measure
②took/should take measures to protect our natural environment
(1)①determination　②to realise　③determined
(2)①determined/was determined to keep her promise
②Determined to be myself
(1)①amazed　②amazing　③to find
(2)①Amazed by/at the scene　②Much to his amazement
③froze in amazement
(1)①survival　②survivors　③on
(2)has survived the test of the bad times
(1)①on/upon　②in　③effective
(2)has had a huge effect/influence/impact on/upon
(1)①from　②recovery　(2)回收
(3)①whether you have recovered/made a recovery from your sickness　②recovered herself
(1)①a　②shocking　③shocked　④to discover
(2)①froze with shock　②he stood there in shock
(1)①concentration　②concentrated　(2)concentrate on/upon
短语储存
● (1)①cut in　②was cut off　③cut down　④cut across
⑤cut out　⑥Cut up　(2)(should) cut down on desserts
句型透视
(1)①more depressed　②stranger
(2)The more you know about traditional Chinese culture
(1)that　(2)①It was his brave heart and strong faith that　②It was not until I visited the place that
③It is where you put the dictionary that
● 当堂过关检测
Ⅰ.1.recovery　2.determination　3.effective　4.annually
5.measures　6.survival　7.concentrated　8.amazed
9.solution　10.shocked　11.variety　12.reaction　13.Frozen
14.was destroyed　15.eventually
Ⅱ.1.braved the elements　2.after all　3.cut down
4.search for　5.concentrate on　6.on his own　7.stared at
8.show respect to/for
Ⅲ.1.why she hesitated to accept the offer; that she was afraid of
2.The more; the broader　3.that I wanted to quit
4.It was at that moment that
● 语言素养提升
Ⅰ.1.cast　2.be caught　3.chatting　4.chose　5.was chosen　6.clapped　7.controlling
Ⅱ.1.错配,误配　2.畸形的　3.误解　4.行为不当
5.判断错误;被误导的
Ⅲ.1.分部,分店　2.间歇,休息　3.缩小差距　4.身材,体形　5.①合算的商品　②相信;接受
● 写作素养提升
Part Ⅰ　应用文写作
1.With effective conservation measures taken immediately
2.making it a rare opportunity to watch wild birds
3.Stepping into the wetland reserve
4.visitors are amazed by
5.that/which fly/flying gracefully over the lakes and wander/wandering through the wetlands
6.a profound sense of true happiness and peace of mind
7.The more devoted we are to protecting
8.with persistent efforts
Part Ⅱ　读后续写
5.情感细节描写——吃惊
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ.1.with her eyes wide open　2.our mouths dropping/hanging open in surprise/astonishment/shock/amazement　3.were too surprised/astonished/shocked/amazed to speak　4.Shaking his head in disbelief　5.frozen/numb with shock/amazement
6.was surprised to find　7.took me aback/by surprise
Ⅱ.1.in astonishment/surprise/shock/amazement　2.To her astonishment/surprise/shock/amazement　3.in a surprised voice/in a voice filled with shock　4.took everyone aback/by surprise/shocked everyone　5.speechless with shock
6.couldn’t believe her eyes　7.was frozen/numb with shock
8.as if rooted to the spot　9.gasped in astonishmentUnit 5　Into the wild
●ⅠA
【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了科学家对北极驯鹿展开的一项新研究,探讨了驯鹿在咀嚼时是否能够入睡的现象。
1.B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Like other ruminants (反刍动物), reindeer spend a great amount of time chewing on cud (反刍的食物), making it smaller and easier to digest.”可知,驯鹿之所以花大量时间咀嚼反刍的食物是为了使其更小、更容易消化。故选B。
2.A　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“‘They were in a very relaxed state that resembles (像) the body position of non-REM sleep,’ Furrer says. ‘Light noise from neighbouring reindeer was less likely to be noticed by a ruminating reindeer than usual. When reindeer are kept awake, they need catch-up recovery sleep. But time spent chewing decreased the time spent on recovery sleep.’”可知,当驯鹿反刍时,它们不太可能受到周围噪声的干扰。故选A。
3.D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘Reindeer need time and space to be quiet and to have peace, to ruminate,’ says Wagner, a scientist of the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research in Troms . ‘This paper for the first time shows that this is a very real, physiological requirement to have enough peace to ruminate undisturbed in order to cover the sleep requirements.’”可知,Wagner认为这项研究具有开创性,因为它首次揭示了驯鹿在反刍时需要足够的不受打扰的平静来满足睡眠需求这一重要发现。因此,选项D“Pioneering.”(开创性的。)最符合Wagner对这篇研究论文的看法。故选D。
4.C　主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Still, other signs also pointed to sleep while chewing. The reindeer were calm while chewing, often with their eyes closed.”以及全文内容可知,文章探讨了北极驯鹿在咀嚼时是否能够入睡的现象,通过科学家Melanie Furrer及其同事的研究,发现驯鹿可以在咀嚼时入睡。选项C“Reindeer can sleep while chewing”(驯鹿可以在咀嚼时入睡) 准确地概括了文章的主题和研究发现,简洁明了,易于理解。故选C。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是研究发现风力涡轮机对鸟类的影响微乎其微。
5.A　词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的“…a new analysis of American data suggests the numbers…”以及画线单词后的“…and have little impact on bird populations.”可知,一项对美国数据的新分析表明涡轮机对鸟类数量的影响不大,由此可知,画线单词negligible的意思应与“不重要”或者“微不足道”相近。故选A项。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Erik Katovich, an economist at the University of Geneva, made use of the Christmas Bird Count, a citizen-science project run by the National Audubon Society.”可知,Erik Katovich的结论是基于美国奥杜邦协会公民科学项目the Christmas Bird Count获取的数据。故选B项。
7.D　推理判断题。根据第三段“Comparing bird populations to the locations of new gas wells revealed an average 15% drop in bird numbers when new wells were drilled, probably due to a combination of noise, air pollution and the disturbance of rivers and ponds that many birds rely upon. When drilling happened in migration centres, feeding grounds or breeding locations, bird numbers instead dropped by 25%.”可知,油气钻探造成了鸟类数量的减少,由此可以推断,油气钻探给鸟类的生存带来了严重的威胁。故选D项。
8.A　推理判断题。根据尾段中的“It appears to be significantly less damaging to wildlife, too.”以及上文中分析的涡轮机和油气钻探对鸟类数量的影响可知,作者认为相对于油气钻探来说,风力涡轮机对鸟类的影响较小,由此可以推断,作者会认可风力涡轮机可以与野生动物共存这一说法。故选A项。
●Ⅱ【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西伯利亚虎以及人们采取措施拯救这种濒危的生物。
1.known　考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词为is,此处为非谓语动词,且Siberian tiger与know之间为被动关系,应用过去分词。(be) known as意为“被称为,以……而闻名”,为固定短语。故答案为known。
2.An　考查冠词。此处泛指“一只成年雄性虎”,且adult发音以元音音素开头,应用不定冠词an,位于句首,首字母大写。故答案为An。
3.length　考查名词。in length意为“长度”,为固定短语。故答案为length。
4.However　考查副词。前后句是转折关系,空后有逗号,应用however,位于句首,首字母大写。故答案为However。
5.possibly　考查副词。本空用副词possibly作状语。故答案为possibly。
6.have been taken　考查动词时态、语态与主谓一致。take steps意为“采取措施”。in recent years为现在完成时的标志词,且steps和take之间是被动关系,用现在完成时的被动语态,主语为复数,助动词用have。故答案为have been taken。
7.on　考查介词。on the rise意为“在增长”,为固定短语。故答案为on。
8.which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,本空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Siberian tigers,指物,关系词代替先行词在从句中作宾语,应用关系代词which引导。故答案为which。
9.themselves　考查代词。结合句意和主语为they可知,本空表示“它们自己”,用反身代词themselves,作宾语。故答案为themselves。
10.unspoiled/unspoilt　考查形容词。本空指未遭破坏的,用形容词unspoiled或unspoilt,作定语,修饰forest。故答案为unspoiled/unspoilt。　
●Ⅲ【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公安妮卡·普里在与家人外出旅行时偶然间发现盗猎大象的现象,于是她通过观察和研究,发明了EISa软件来帮助保护大象。
1.C　根据前文的“When Anika Puri visited India with her family years ago, she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewellery (象牙饰品) and statues.”可知,几年前,当安妮卡·普里和家人一起去印度旅行时,她惊讶地发现孟买的一个市场里摆满了成排的象牙饰品和雕像,她之所以惊讶是因为在全球范围内,30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的。故选C项。fortunately幸运的是;currently目前;globally全球地;eventually最后。
2.C　根据前文的“…ivory trade has been illegal for more than 30 years…”和in India since the 1970s可知,30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的,由此可推知自20世纪70年代以来,印度一直禁止狩猎大象。故选C项。cancel取消;expand扩展;prohibit禁止;pronounce发音。
3.B　根据前文的“…she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewellery (象牙饰品) and statues.”和后文的“Because poaching (偷猎) is illegal, how come it is still such a big issue ”可知,偷猎是非法的,但她发现孟买的一个市场里摆满了成排的象牙饰品和雕像,所以她非常震惊。故选B项。confused困惑的;shocked震惊的;embarrassed尴尬的;interested感兴趣的。
4.D　根据后文的“Africa’s forest elephant population had…by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011.”可知,2002年至2011年间,非洲森林象的数量减少了约62%,这些是令人震惊的统计数据。故选D项。lesson课程;level等级;scene场景;statistic统计数据。
5.D　根据后文的“…by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers continued to drop.”可知,数年后,这一数字继续下降,由此可知此处说的是非洲森林象的数量下降了约62%。故选D项。rise上升;increase增加;change改变;decline减少,下降。
6.A　根据后文的by poaching可知,普里想保护因偷猎而受到威胁的物种。故选A项。threaten威胁;cause引起;occupy占用;defend保护。
7.D　根据后文的“…EISa, a low-cost product of a machine-learning-driven software…”可知,EISa,这款低成本的机器学习驱动软件,是普里创造的。故选D项。discover发现;recommend推荐;plan计划;create创建,创造。
8.A　根据后文的“…movement patterns in thermal infrared (热红外线的) videos of humans and…”可知,这款软件可以分析人类和大象的热红外线视频中的运动模式。故选A项。analyse分析;compare比较;describe描述;provide提供。
9.B　根据后文的“…the system…real-time inferences as it flies over parks as to whether…below are humans or elephants.”可知,系统会实时推断出下面的物体是人还是大象,所以EISa可以分析人类和大象的热红外线视频中的运动模式。故选B项。park公园;elephant大象;species物种;image图像。
10.C　根据后文的“…the existing most advanced methods.It uses a $250 FLIR ONE Pro thermal camera with 206*156 pixel resolution (分辨率) that plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6.”可知,该软件比现有最先进的方法精确四倍。故选C项。complex复杂的;popular流行的;accurate准确的;difficult困难的。
11.B　根据前文的“The camera and iPhone are then…”和后文to a drone可知,此处指将摄像机和iPhone固定到一架无人机上。故选B项。accustom使习惯;attach附在……上,固定到……上;relate把……联系起来;limit限制。
12.A　根据后文的“…real-time inferences as it flies over parks as to whether…below are humans or elephants.”可知,系统会产生实时推断,判断下面的物体是人还是大象。故选A项。produce产生;share分享;choose选择;collect收集。
13.B　根据后文的“…below are humans or elephants.”可知,人和大象都是物体,系统会实时推断出下面的物体是人还是大象。故选B项。insect昆虫;object物体;picture图片;target目标。
14.B　根据前文的“…Puri did some research and discovered a shocking…”可知,普里做了一些研究,所以此处在讨论研究的过程是曲折的。故选B项。life生活;research研究;growth生长;relationship关系。
15.D　根据后文的a more creative thinker可知,安妮卡·普里通过做研究发展成为一个更有创造力的思考者。故选D项。get into进入;break into闯入;bring into引入;develop into发展成。　　As a nature photographer, my life can be tough and dangerous. I have to brave the elements. Even if it is raining cats and dogs, I still carry heavy equipment, hiking on the muddy path and seeking opportunities to capture the images of a 1.　　　　　　　　(various) of creatures in the wild.
Once when I was concentrating 2.　　　　 photographing an eagle in the sky, I felt something 3.　　　　　(stare) at me metres away. I turned and 4.　　　　　 (freeze). It was a bear. Before I recovered from the shock, I pressed the button. It seemed the bear was shocked at my 5.　　　　　(react) too. It ran back into the forest and I survived the frightening experience.
My life can be amazing and 6.　　　　　(reward) as well. Not only do I encounter breathtaking scenery during my journey 7.　　　　 I can help find solutions to nature’s mysteries. Several years ago, I was lucky enough to take photos of the Monarch butterflies in their annual migration. When I shared these valuable files with authorities, they founded a research team 8.　　　　(make) up of scientists and professors. They discovered these butterflies use their eyes to measure the position of the sun, 9.　　　　 allows them to determine the way to go. Those discoveries were 10.　　　　(eventual) used to protect the crashing population of Monarch butterflies.
In summary, I love my job. I consider it as a commitment to sharing the wonders of nature with the world.
measure　vt.测量;估量,判定;linking verb(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为 n.措施;方法
(1)measure…by…　　　　用……来衡量……
(2)take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事
in full measure 最大程度地;最大限度地
[温馨提示] 当measure表示“(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为”时,是系动词,没有被动语态。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[人教选三U3] Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures 　　　　　　　(reduce) greenhouse gas emissions.
②Mark lives in a big pleasant room 　　　　　　(measure) approximately 5 metres by 6 metres.
③[北师选一U2] Success is not measured 　　　　how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.
(2)完成句子
①[《雾都孤儿》] His kindness and generosity were repaid to him 　　　　　　　　　(最大程度地).
②It’s high time that we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(采取措施保护我们的自然环境). (应用文写作之倡
议书)
determine　v.测定,确定;决心,决定
(1)determine to do sth 决心做某事(表示动作)
(2)determined adj. 坚决的;有决心的
be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表示状态)
(3)determination n. 决定;决心
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2021·浙江6月考] He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and 　　　　　　　　(determine).
②[人教必修三U4] However, scientists were determined 　　　　　　　　(realise) that dream.
③The 　　　　　　　　(determine) look in their eyes told us that nothing could make them change their minds.
(2)完成句子
①[《夏洛的网》] Having promised Wilbur that she would save his life, she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(决定信守自己的承诺). (读后续写之心理描写)
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(下定决心做我自己), move forward, free of shame and worldly labels, I can now call myself a “marathon winner”. (形容词短语作状语) (读后续写之心理描写)
amazing　adj.惊人的,了不起的
(1)amaze vt.　　　使吃惊;使惊愕
(2)amazed adj. 惊奇的;惊讶的
be amazed at/by sth 对某物感到惊讶
be amazed to see/find/discover…
因看到/找到/发现……而感到惊讶
(3)amazement n. 惊讶,吃惊,惊异
in amazement 惊愕地
to one’s amazement 令某人惊讶的是
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was 　　　　　　(amaze) that he improved after two or three treatments.
②[2024·全国甲卷] But cats are special creatures who possess 　　　　　　　　(amaze) vocalization skills.
③[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 　　　　(find) the connection between the two great writers.
(2)完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　(对这景色感到惊讶), we longed for a closer encounter with the lake.
②[《爱丽丝梦游仙境》] 　　　　　　　　　　　(让他非常惊讶的是), the locked door swung open with a simple touch. (读后续写之情感+动作描写)
③[北师选四U10] But when her eyes fell on the odd little figure in the stiff, ugly dress, with the long red hair and the eager, bright eyes, she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　(惊呆了). (读后续写之外
貌+情感描写) 　
survive　v.活下来,幸存;幸免于难
(1)survive sth　　　　　 　幸免于某事;从某事中挺过来
survive on sth(=live on sth) 靠某物活下来;靠某物生存
(2)survival n. 幸存;残存物
(3)survivor n. 生还者,幸存者
[温馨提示] survive表示“(从地震、火灾、事故等中)幸存下来”时,为及物动词,其后不可接介词from或in。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the 　　　　　(survive) of our natural resources.
②[人教必修一U4] Everywhere 　　　　　　　(survive) looked, there was nothing but ruins.
③[2019·浙江6月考] Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving entirely 　　　　discarded (丢弃) food.
(2)完成句子
Our friendship 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(经受住了困难时期的考验) and has grown stronger. (读后续写话题之友情) 　
effect　n.结果;影响
(1)have an effect/influence/impact on/upon…
　　　　　　　　　　　　对……产生影响
take(=come/go into) effect 生效
bring/put…into effect 使生效;实行;实施
in effect 实际上,事实上;在实施中;有效
side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj. 有效的;起作用的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The effect that the teacher’s encouragement had 　　　　　the students was remarkable, boosting their confidence and performance.
②[人教选三U3] With such campaigns 　　　　effect, China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.
③[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] And are listening to and viewing content as 　　　　　(effect) as reading the written word when covering the same material
(2)完成句子
[译林必修二U2] One year later, I can honestly say it 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(已对……产生了巨大的影响) me physically and mentally.
recover　v.康复;恢复;复原;恢复常态;找回;重新获得;回收利用
(1)recover oneself　恢复正常;镇定下来
recover from… 从……中恢复过来
(2)recovery n. 恢复;复苏;痊愈
make a recovery from…(=recover from…)
从……中恢复过来
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[《呼啸山庄》] He got up and rested for a while to recover 　　　　the blow.
②[人教选一U4] There were three factors playing roles in her quick 　　　　　　(recover) from the illness: appropriate medical advice, the right medicine, and enough rest.
(2)熟词生义
[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. 　　　　　
(3)完成句子
①[2020·浙江7月考应用文写作] Since you have returned to Ireland, I’m wondering 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(你的病是否已经好了). (应用文写作之慰问信)
②She was shocked to see me, but she soon 　　　　　　　　　(镇定下来). (读后续写之心理描写)
shock　n.吃惊,震惊;剧烈震动;令人震惊的事;休克 v.使震惊;使惊愕
(1)come as/be a shock to…　使……吃惊
in shock　　　　　　　　震惊地
freeze with shock 惊呆了(动作)
frozen with shock 惊呆了(状态)
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的;吃惊的
be shocked at/by… 对……感到吃惊
be shocked to do sth 做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[人教选二U2] In addition, different approaches to teaching and learning may come as 　　　　shock to many students.
②[人教选一U2] This morning, I saw the 　　　　(shock) headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”.
③[《夏洛的网》] When Fern told her mother that Avery had tried to hit the Zuckermans’ spider with a stick, Mrs Arable was so 　　　　　　　　(shock) that she sent Avery to bed without any supper, as punishment.
④[北师选二U4] When the dish arrives, he is shocked 　　　　　　　(discover) that “steak tartare” is actually raw hamburger.
(2)完成句子
①[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] Seeing the mess, their father 　　　　　　　　　(惊呆了), as if rooted to the ground. (读后续写之情感描写)
②[《呼啸山庄》] He didn’t recognise the tired, pale face in front of him and 　　　　　　　　　　　　(他震惊地站在那里) for a moment. (读后续写之
外貌+情感描写)
concentrate　v.专注,专心
(1)concentrate on/upon…全神贯注于……
concentrate one’s mind/attention/efforts/energy on/upon… 聚精会神/集中注意力/致力/集中精力于……
(2)concentration n. 集中;专心
[温馨提示] 表示“集中注意力于……”的短语还有:
fix/focus one’s attention/mind on/upon…
pay attention to…
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Having dreams means intense 　　　　　　　(concentrate) on specific goals, which undoubtedly increases the possibility of success.
②He didn’t notice the teacher standing by his side, with all his attention 　　　　　　　(concentrate) on a book.
(2)完成句子
Kris’ heart raced with nerves, but Robin reminded her to breathe and 　　　　　　　　(专注于) the task in hand. (读后续写之心理描写)
● cut down　砍倒;削减,缩小(尺寸、数目)
cut off　　　　 　切断(水、电);中断;切掉;
使……与外界隔绝
cut out 剪下;删除;停止做(或使用、食用);突然熄火
cut up 切碎;使伤心;割伤
cut in (on sb/sth) 插嘴;超车抢道
cut across 抄近路穿过
[温馨提示] cut down 表示“削减,减少”之意时既可以单独使用,也可以加宾语,即cut sth down或者cut down on sth。如:
The doctor told him to cut down on his drinking.
医生劝他少喝酒。
【活学活用】
(1)用cut相关短语的适当形式填空
①It is impolite to 　　　　when others are talking.
②The town 　　　　　　　　from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
③He 　　　　　　　on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced diet.
④They had to 　　　　　　　a field to go to the station to save time.
⑤You’d better 　　　　　the last two paragraphs of your article.
⑥　　　　　　　 the meat if you want to make dumplings.
(2)完成句子
If you want to be healthy, I would like to suggest you 　　　　　　　　　　　　(少吃甜点) and sweet drinks.
(教材P68) The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.
我们对这种迷人的生物了解得越多,它在自然界中得以长久生存并保持其位置的可能性就越大。
the+比较级,the+比较级“越……,越……”
句型公式　
【句式点拨】
句中含有“the+比较级(+主语+谓语),the+比较级(+主语+谓语)”结构,该结构意为“(……)越……,(……)越……”,表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The more she thought about it, the 　　　　　　(depressed) she became.
②[2019·浙江6月考] Usually, the 　　　　　　(strange) the idea is, the more it gets noticed.
(2)完成句子
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　(你对中国传统文化了解得越多), the more interested you are in it. (应用文
写作话题之中国文化)
(教材P76) It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.
毕竟,我们才是它们世界的访客。
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分.
句型公式　
【句式点拨】
此句是一个强调句,被强调部分为主语we。强调句的基本结构是“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分.”,当被强调部分为人时,可用who来代替that。
【归纳拓展】
(1)强调句的陈述句形式
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分.
(2)强调句的一般疑问句形式
Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句形式
特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+句子其他成分
(4)“not…until…”句型的强调句
It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分.
[温馨提示] 强调句型用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分,不能强调谓语。被强调部分是人时,可以用who或that,其他情况一律用that。强调主语时,that后的谓语动词应与被强调的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] It’s these small acts of kindness 　　　　make a new country feel like home.
(2)完成句子/句式改写
①[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(正是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念) could make something unusual happen finally. (读后续写之主题升华句)
②I didn’t find it really worthy of the reputation until I visited the place.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I found it really worthy of the reputation. (强调句)
③I’ve already forgotten where you put the dictionary.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I’ve already forgotten. (强调句)
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Doing regular exercise is good for your 　　　　(recover) from illness.
2.Her 　　　　　　　　(determine) to succeed came from within, serving as a source of endless motivation for her to push through any obstacles.
3.The government is actively seeking 　　　　　(effect) measures to address the issue of climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
4.The charity event attracts thousands of participants　　　　　(annual), raising funds for a variety of worthy causes.
5.The tallest building in the image 　　　　　　(measure) approximately 200 pixels (像素).
6.The 　　　　　　　　(survive) rate of this endangered whale species has increased due to the protection of their habitat.
7.With his attention 　　　　　　(concentrate) on his files, the professor didn’t notice someone entering his room.
8.The children stood in front of the magician, 　　　　　　(amaze) by his ability to make objects disappear and reappear, trying to figure out the mystery behind his tricks.
9.The government authority has announced a comprehensive 　　　　　　(solve) to address the issue of air pollution in the city, outlining a series of measures to be implemented over the next five years.
10.The double rainbow appeared after the storm, leaving us 　　　　　(shock) at the breathtaking view across the sky.
11.The sudden storm caused a 　　　　　(vary) of objects to be scattered across the yard, including umbrellas and garden furniture.
12.The driver’s quick 　　　　　　(react) to the sudden crash allowed him to swiftly control his vehicle, avoiding a more severe collision.
13.　　　　　　(freeze) with fear, Mia stood in front of the class, with her hands holding her paper, shaking.
14.The ancient forest, home to many rare creatures, 　　　　　　　(destroy) by the wildfire last year, leaving behind only ashes and memories.
15.He 　　　　　　(eventual) got a position at the University of Hamburg where he was a professor of physics.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1.Despite the harsh winter weather, the professor 　　　　　　　　　　　(冒着恶劣天气) to walk to the campus, determined to hold his lecture as scheduled.
2.I tried my best and walked as fast as I could, but I failed to keep up with others 　　　　　(终究).
3.Would you be so kind as to 　　　　　(削减) my article so that it’ll all fit onto one page
4.Dogs, which are our best friends, are often used to 　　　　　　　　　　(寻找) survivors in an earthquake.
5.Put your imperfections out of your mind and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　(专注于) what you value within yourself, and your beauty will shine through.
6.From finding it extremely painful to walk, to not being able to get up 　　　　　　　(独自), Ted’s problem was worsening day by day.
7.When I told them the news they all 　　　　　(盯着) me in shock.
8.It is important to 　　　　　　　　　　　　(对……表示尊重) others’ opinions and beliefs, even if we may disagree with them.
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1.The reason 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　leaving her comfort zone. (定语从句+表语从句)
她犹豫接受这个提议的原因是她害怕离开自己的舒适区。
2.　　　　　 we learn, 　　　　　our vision will be.
我们学得越多,眼界就越开阔。
3.I didn’t want to give them the impression 　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (同位语从句)
我不想让他们觉得我想放弃。
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I realized dreams really did come true, and all it took was a little courage and belief in oneself. (强调句)　
正是在那一刻,我意识到梦想真的会成真,所需要的只是一点勇气和对自己的信心。
●Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.She 　　　　　　　　(cast) a welcoming smile as the guests entered the room, making them feel instantly at ease.
2.In order not to 　　　　　　　(catch) in the heavy traffic, Daddy went to work half an hour earlier than usual that morning.
3.I was having fun 　　　　　　(chat) online with my friend last night when suddenly the electricity was cut off.
4.He 　　　　　　(choose) his words carefully as he spoke.
5.The winner 　　　　　　(choose) from a pool of extremely talented individuals.
6.Mandy laughed and 　　　　　　(clap) her hands in delight, as the surprise unfolded before her.　
7.Now he works in a huge company 　　　　　　(control) half of the world’s coffee trade.
●Ⅱ 构词法规则
构词法 前缀mis-表示“相反”、 “错误”
指出下列黑体词的含义
1.[2024 ·浙江1月考] …and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.
　　　　　
2.[2023·全国甲卷] But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were worried because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, shiny things you get in a supermarket. 　　　　　
3.[2023·全国乙卷] In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. 　　　　　
4.[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷改编] Kevin’s concern about the dog is that they may misbehave.
　　　　　
5.[2019·江苏卷] It would not matter if these misjudgements were just a matter of people’s opinions. However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources. 　　　　　
●Ⅲ 熟词生义练
指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义
1.branch
[2023·全国甲卷] Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010. 　　　　　
2.break
[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. 　　　　　
3.bridge
To bridge the gap between theory and practice, the professor included real-world examples in the lecture. 　　　　　
4.build
She was of slim build with short, dark hair.
　　　　　
5.buy
①This was still a good buy even at the higher price. 　　　　　
②You could say you were ill but I don’t think they’d buy it. 　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　应用文写作
　　入秋以来, 不少多年未见的候鸟如今再现于南方湿地。观鸟和湿地成为广东冬季的一道特别景观。请你为学校英文报刊写一则以 “The return of migratory birds”为题的新闻报道。内容包括:
1.候鸟回归;
2.湿地观鸟;
3.你的盼望。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:湿地wetland　候鸟migratory birds
The return of migratory birds
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(随着有效保护措施的立即实施), numerous migratory birds, which haven’t been seen in the Southern provinces for many years, are making their way back to the wetlands, 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(使它成为一次难得的观看野生鸟类的机会).
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(走进湿地保护区), 4.　　　　　　　　　　　(游客们被……所惊叹)the birds 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(优雅地飞越湖泊和在湿地中漫步的). The sight and sound of these fascinating feathered creatures fill one with 6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(一种深深的真正的幸福感和内心的平静).
7.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我们越是致力于保护) these natural habitats, the more we ensure the continued survival and prosperity of these migratory birds. Therefore, I sincerely hope that, 8.　　　　　　　　　　　　　(通过不懈的努力), China will achieve even more notable successes in wetland conservation.
Part Ⅱ　读后续写
5.情感细节描写——吃惊
【语言素材】
惊讶的,震惊的 surprised/amazed/shocked/astonished/stunned 惊讶地 in astonishment/surprise/shock/amazement
令人惊讶的,令人震惊的 surprising/amazing/shocking/astonishing/stunning 令某人震惊的是…… to one’s astonishment/surprise/shock/amazement
(因吃惊等)睁大眼睛的 wide-eyed 以惊讶的声音/语调 in a surprised voice/tone/in a voice filled with shock
出乎意料的;意想不到的;意外的 unexpected 使某人大吃一惊 take sb aback/by surprise
不敢相信自己的眼睛 can’t believe one’s eyes 惊呆了 be frozen with shock/amazement
惊讶得倒吸一口气 gasp in astonishment 震惊得说不出话来 speechless with shock
惊呆了 be numb with shock 难以置信地 in disbelief/unbelievably
仿佛生了根似的站住不动 as if rooted to the spot 完全出乎意料 a complete surprise
【跟踪演练】
●Ⅰ 单句表达
1.Jenny was numb with shock, sitting there 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.　
珍妮惊呆了,睁大眼睛坐在那里。
2.We froze, as if rooted to the spot, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我们僵住了,好像生了根似的站住不动,惊讶地张大了嘴巴。
3.When we heard the unexpected news about the school closing, we 　　　　　　or even to think.
当我们听到学校关闭的意外消息时,我们太惊讶,以至于不能说话,甚至不能思考。
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he couldn’t believe his eyes.
难以置信地摇摇头,他简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。
5.She stared at him, 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
她惊呆了,直瞪着他。
6.After further communication, she 　　　　　　　　　　　　that the gentleman was actually her new boss in London.
经过进一步沟通,她惊讶地发现这位先生实际上是她在伦敦的新老板。
7.His casual attitude completely 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　as we stood in the conference room, surrounded by colleagues who were visibly tense.
当我们站在会议室里,周围都是明显紧张的同事时,他漫不经心的态度让我大吃一惊。
●Ⅱ 语段表达(吃惊)
Emily awoke to the sound of thunder, and looked out of the window 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(惊讶地). The sky turned dark and heavy clouds gathered rapidly. 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(令她震惊的是), a massive tornado was forming in the distance. She called out to her family 3.　　　　　　　(以震惊的声音), urging them to get to safety immediately. The sudden appearance of the tornado 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　(使每个人都大吃一惊).
Just moments ago, everything had been calm and peaceful. They were 5.　　　　　　　　　　(震惊得说不出话来), unable to comprehend the rapid change in weather. It seemed like something out of a movie, not real life. Emily 6.　　　　　　　　　　　　(不敢相信自己的眼睛) when she saw that her neighbour’s house lifted off its foundation and collapsed. The entire family 7.　
(惊呆了), standing 8.　　　　　　　　　　　　(仿佛生了根似的站住不动). The destruction was so overwhelming that Emily 9.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(惊讶得倒吸一口气), struggling to find words to describe the horror unfolding before her. Unit 5　Into the wild
(限时:35分钟)
　　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
●Ⅰ 阅读理解
A [2024·河南高三诊断卷]
文体:新闻报道　主题:人与自然　词数:368
Arctic reindeer (驯鹿) are quite busy in the summer—eating when the sun shines around the clock and the food is abundant. Like other ruminants (反刍动物), reindeer spend a great amount of time chewing on cud (反刍的食物), making it smaller and easier to digest. Finding time to sleep among all this cud chewing might be tough. But not if the reindeer could sleep while chewing.
To find out if the reindeer could actually sleep-eat, neuroscientist Melanie Furrer and her colleagues trained four female reindeer to tolerate a pen and electrodes (电极) on shaved patches of skin. The researchers were looking for the brainwaves that appear during non-REM sleep, a deep, restorative sleep stage. These waves appeared when the reindeer were chewing cud, though the chewing motion itself made it hard to say whether the signal was identical to that of a regular sleep session. “We couldn’t go into detail by looking only at the brainwaves, because this chewing disturbs it a bit,” says Furrer.
Still, other signs also pointed to sleep while chewing. The reindeer were calm while chewing, often with their eyes closed. “They were in a very relaxed state that resembles (像) the body position of non-REM sleep,” Furrer says. “Light noise from neighbouring reindeer was less likely to be noticed by a ruminating reindeer than usual. When reindeer are kept awake, they need catch-up recovery sleep. But time spent chewing decreased the time spent on recovery sleep.”
“Unlike fur seals, ducks and long-haul flying frigatebirds, reindeer show signs of sleeping with both sides of their brains while chewing. Figuring out exactly how reindeer pull this off would be interesting,” Furrer says. “Studying various forms of sleep might lead to insights into sleepwalking in people, a poorly understood and potentially dangerous sleep disorder.”
“Reindeer need time and space to be quiet and to have peace, to ruminate,” says Wagner, a scientist of the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research in Troms . “This paper for the first time shows that this is a very real, physiological requirement to have enough peace to ruminate undisturbed in order to cover the sleep requirements.”
(　)1.Why do reindeer need time to chew the cud
A.For better taste.
B.For better digestion.
C.For more nutrition.
D.For more enjoyment.
(　)2.Which of the following statements might Furrer agree with
A.It is harder to disturb ruminating reindeer.
B.The research process was recorded in great detail.
C.Reindeer weren’t fully relaxed even when sleeping.
D.The sleep form of reindeer resembles that of sleepwalkers.
(　)3.What does Wagner think of Melanie Furrer and her colleagues’ research paper
A.Complicated. B.Incredible.
C.Comprehensive. D.Pioneering.
(　)4.What’s the best title for the text
A.Sleep-eating makes reindeer busy
B.Reindeer need recovery sleep
C.Reindeer can sleep while chewing
D.Reindeer need time and space to ruminate
B [2024·湖北八市高三三模]
文体:说明文　主题:人与自然　词数:334
Birders get nervous when they see landscapes covered in wind turbines (涡轮机). When the wind gets going, their blades (叶片) can turn around at well over 200 km per hour. It is easy to imagine careless birds getting cut into pieces and wind turbines do indeed kill at least some birds. But a new analysis of American data suggests the numbers are negligible, and have little impact on bird populations.
Erik Katovich, an economist at the University of Geneva, made use of the Christmas Bird Count, a citizen-science project run by the National Audubon Society. Volunteers count birds they spot over Christmas, and the society gathers the numbers. He assumed, reasonably, that if wind turbines harmed bird populations, the numbers seen in the Christmas Bird Count would drop in places where new turbines had been bining bird populations and species maps with the locations and construction dates of all wind turbines, he found building turbines had no noticeable effect on bird populations.
Instead of limiting his analysis to wind power alone, he also examined oil-and-gas extraction (开采), which has boomed in America over the past couple of paring bird populations to the locations of new gas wells revealed an average 15% drop in bird numbers when new wells were drilled, probably due to a combination of noise, air pollution and the disturbance of rivers and ponds that many birds rely upon. When drilling happened in migration centres, feeding grounds or breeding locations, bird numbers instead dropped by 25%.
Wind power, in other words, not only produces far less planet-heating carbon dioxide and methane than do fossil fuels. It appears to be significantly less damaging to wildlife, too. Yet that is not the impression you would get from reading the news. Dr Katovich found 173 stories in major American news media reporting the supposed negative effects that wind turbines had on birds in 2020, compared with only 46 stories discussing the effects of oil-and-gas wells.
(　)5.What does the underlined word “negligible”in Paragraph 1 mean
A.Insignificant. B.Inaccurate.
C.Inconsistent. D.Indefinite.
(　)6.What is Dr Katovich’s conclusion based on
A.Previous studies.
B.Relevant data.
C.Reasonable prediction.
D.Experiment results.
(　)7.What message does Paragraph 3 mainly try to convey
A.Oil-and-gas extraction has expanded in America.
B.Birds are heavily dependent on rivers and ponds.
C.Many factors lead to the decline of bird populations.
D.Well drilling poses a serious threat to birds’ survival.
(　)8.Which of the following may Dr Katovich agree with
A.Wind turbines could share the sky with wildlife.
B.More evidence is needed to confirm the finding.
C.Wind power will be substituted for fossil fuels.
D.Wind turbines deserve wider media coverage.
●Ⅱ 语法填空 [2024·浙江宁波十校高三二模]
文体:说明文　主题:人与自然　词数:199
One of the most endangered animals in the world is the Siberian tiger, 1.　　　　　　(know) as the Northeast Tiger in China. There are less than 500 of these beautiful animals still living in the wild. The Siberian tiger is the largest of all tigers. 2.　　　　 adult male can grow up to 3.3 metres in 3.　　　　　　(long) and weigh as much as 300 kilograms.
Long ago, Siberian tigers were all over Northeast Asia and Russian Far East. 4.　　　　　, today they are found mainly along the Chinese-Russian border and 5.　　　　　(possible) in DPRK. The main reason for their decrease in numbers is the disappearance of their natural habitat. Fortunately, steps 6.　　　　　　　　　(take) to save this magnificent creature in recent years and as a consequence numbers are 7.　　　　 the rise.
There is also a fairly large population of Siberian tigers in zoos, some of 8.　　　　 are expected to be reintroduced to the wild. Of course, they would need to learn how to hunt and take care of 9.　　　　(they), and this is easier said than done. Another big issue is the problem of space. At present, there just is not enough 10.　　　　　　(spoil) forest available to support reintroducing many Siberian tigers into the wild.
●Ⅲ 完形填空 [2024·山西朔州高三二模]
文体:记叙文　主题:人与自然　词数:271
When Anika Puri visited India with her family years ago, she was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewellery (象牙饰品) and statues. 　1　, ivory trade has been illegal for more than 30 years, and elephant hunting has been 　2　 in India since the 1970s.
“I was quite 　3　,” the 17-year-old recalls. “Because poaching (偷猎) is illegal, how come it is still such a big issue ”
Curiously, Puri did some research and discovered a shocking 　4　: Africa’s forest elephant population had 　5　 by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers continued to drop. Puri, a wildlife lover, wanted to do something to help protect the species and others still 　6　 by poaching.
Over the course of two years, Puri 　7　 EISa, a low-cost product of a machine-learning-driven software that 　8　 movement patterns in thermal infrared (热红外线的) videos of humans and 　9　. The software is four times more 　10　 than the existing most advanced methods. It uses a $250 FLIR ONE Pro thermal camera with 206*156 pixel resolution (分辨率) that plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6. The camera and iPhone are then 　11　 to a drone (无人机), and the system 　12　 real-time inferences as it flies over parks as to whether 　13　 below are humans or elephants.
Its potential impact on society earned her the Peggy Scripps Award for Science Communication. “　14　 isn’t a straight line,” Puri says. “It makes me resourceful. It helps me 　15　 a more creative thinker.”
(　)1.A.Fortunately B.Currently
C.Globally D.Eventually
(　)2.A.cancelled B.expanded
C.prohibited D.pronounced
(　)3.A.confused B.shocked
C.embarrassed D.interested
(　)4.A.lesson B.level
C.scene D.statistic
(　)5.A.risen B.increased
C.changed D.declined
(　)6.A.threatened B.caused
C.occupied D.defended
(　)7.A.discovered B.recommended
C.planned D.created
(　)8.A.analyses B.compares
C.describes D.provides
(　)9.A.parks B.elephants
C.species D.images
(　)10.A.complex B.popular
C.accurate D.difficult
(　)11.A.accustomed B.attached
C.related D.limited
(　)12.A.produces B.shares
C.chooses D.collects
(　)13.A.insects B.objects
C.pictures D.targets
(　)14.A.Life B.Research
C.Growth D.Relationship
(　)15.A.get into B.break into
C.bring into D.develop into
A.词汇积累
1.restorative adj.有助于康复的;恢复健康的
2.identical adj.完全相同的
3.long-haul adj.长途的;长时间的
4.noticeable adj.显著的;显而易见的
5.disturbance n.(受)打扰,干扰;骚乱,动乱
6.off-the-shelf adj.现成的;可直接使用的
B.长难句分析
1.These waves appeared when the reindeer were chewing cud, though the chewing motion itself made it hard to say whether the signal was identical to that of a regular sleep session.(阅读A, Para.2)
【分析】 句子的主干是these waves appeared;when引导时间状语从句;though引导让步状语从句;it是形式宾语;
whether引导宾语从句。
【译文】 这些脑电波出现在驯鹿反刍时,尽管咀嚼运动本身很难表明信号是否与常规睡眠时的信号相同。
2.He assumed, reasonably, that if wind turbines harmed bird populations, the numbers seen in the Christmas Bird Count would drop in places where new turbines had been built.(阅读B, Para.2)
【分析】 that引导宾语从句,作动词assumed的宾语;if引导条件状语从句;seen in the Christmas Bird Count是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰名词numbers;where引导定语从句,修饰先行词places。
【译文】 他合理地假设,如果风力涡轮机对鸟类种群有危害,那么在新建涡轮机的地方,在圣诞鸟类统计中看到的鸟类数量会下降。(共140张PPT)
Unit 5 Into the wild
语境词汇串记
考点互动探究
当堂过关检测
语言素养提升
写作素养提升
作业手册
答案速查【听】
答案速查【作】
As a nature photographer, my life can be tough and
dangerous. I have to brave the elements. Even if it is raining
cats and dogs, I still carry heavy equipment, hiking on the
muddy path and seeking opportunities to capture the images
of a 1._______(various) of creatures in the wild.
variety
Once when I was concentrating 2.____ photographing an
eagle in the sky, I felt something 3.________(stare) at me
metres away. I turned and 4.______ (freeze). It was a bear.
Before I recovered from the shock, I pressed the button. It
seemed the bear was shocked at my 5._________(react) too. It
ran back into the forest and I survived the frightening
experience.
on
staring
froze
reaction
My life can be amazing and 6.__________(reward) as well.
Not only do I encounter breathtaking scenery during my
journey 7._____ I can help find solutions to nature's mysteries.
Several years ago, I was lucky enough to take photos of the
Monarch butterflies in their annual migration. When I shared
these valuable files with authorities, they founded a research
team 8._______(make) up of scientists and professors. They
discovered these butterflies use their eyes to measure the
position of the sun, 9._______ allows them to determine the
rewarding
but
made
which
way to go. Those discoveries were 10.__________(eventual) used
to protect the crashing population of Monarch butterflies.
In summary, I love my job. I consider it as a commitment
to sharing the wonders of nature with the world.
eventually
1 measure vt.测量;估量,判定;linking verb(指尺寸、长短、数量等)
量度为 n.措施;方法
(1)measure…by… 用……来衡量……
(2)take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事
in full measure 最大程度地;最大限度地
［温馨提示］ 当measure表示“(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为”时,是
系动词,没有被动语态。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[人教选三U3] Governments need to consider making policies
and taking appropriate actions and measures __________(reduce)
greenhouse gas emissions.
to reduce
②Mark lives in a big pleasant room ___________(measure)
approximately 5 metres by 6 metres.
measuring
③［北师选一U2］ Success is not measured ____ how much
money you have but by how you understand the true meaning
of life.
by
(2)完成句子
①［《雾都孤儿》］ His kindness and generosity were repaid to
him _______________(最大程度地).
in full measure
②It's high time that we ____________________________________
_______________________(采取措施保护我们的自然环境).
(应用文写作之倡议书)
took/should take measures to protect our natural environment
2 determine v.测定,确定;决心,决定
(1)determine to do sth 决心做某事(表示动作)
(2)determined adj. 坚决的;有决心的
be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表示状态)
(3)determination n. 决定;决心
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2021·浙江6月考] He built a hugely successful career with little
more than plain old hard work and ______________(determine).
②[人教必修三U4] However, scientists were determined
__________(realise) that dream.
③The ____________(determine) look in their eyes told us that
nothing could make them change their minds.
determination
to realise
determined
(2)完成句子
①［《夏洛的网》］ Having promised Wilbur that she would
save his life, she ___________________________________________
_______(决定信守自己的承诺). (读后续写之心理描写)
determined/was determined to keep her promise
②________________________(下定决心做我自己), move forward,
free of shame and worldly labels, I can now call myself a
“marathon winner”. (形容词短语作状语) (读后续写之心理描写)
Determined to be myself
3 amazing adj. 惊人的,了不起的
(1)amaze vt. 使吃惊;使惊愕
(2)amazed adj. 惊奇的;惊讶的
be amazed at/by sth 对某物感到惊讶
be amazed to see/find/discover… 因看到/找到/发现……而感到惊讶
(3)amazement n . 惊讶,吃惊,惊异
in amazement 惊愕地
to one's amazement 令某人惊讶的是
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①［2024·新课标Ⅰ卷］ Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient
Chinese practice, and was _________(amaze) that he improved
after two or three treatments.
amazed
②[2024·全国甲卷] But cats are special creatures who possess
_________(amaze) vocalization skills.
amazing
③［2024·新课标Ⅱ卷］ Those cultural elements have increased
Stratford's international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that
visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often
amazed ________(find) the connection between the two great
writers.
to find
(2)完成句子
①________________________(对这景色感到惊讶), we longed for a
closer encounter with the lake.
Amazed by/at the scene
②［《爱丽丝梦游仙境》］ ________________________
(让他非常惊讶的是), the locked door swung open with a simple
touch. (读后续写之情感+动作描写)
Much to his amazement
③［北师选四U10］ But when her eyes fell on the odd little
figure in the stiff, ugly dress, with the long red hair and the
eager, bright eyes, she ____________________(惊呆了).
(读后续写之外貌+情感描写)
froze in amazement
4 survive v.活下来,幸存;幸免于难
(1)survive sth 幸免于某事;从某事中挺过来
survive on sth(=live on sth) 靠某物活下来;靠某物生存
(2)survival n. 幸存;残存物
(3)survivor n. 生还者,幸存者
［温馨提示］ survive表示“(从地震、火灾、事故等中)幸存下来”时,
为及物动词,其后不可接介词from或in。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to
ensure the ________(survive) of our natural resources.
②[人教必修一U4] Everywhere _________(survive) looked, there
was nothing but ruins.
③[2019·浙江6月考] Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe,
surviving entirely ____ discarded(丢弃) food.
survival
survivors
on
(2)完成句子
Our friendship _____________________________________(经受住了
困难时期的考验) and has grown stronger. (读后续写话题之友情)
has survived the test of the bad times
5 effect n.结果;影响
(1)have an effect/influence/impact on/upon… 对……产生影响
take(=come/go into) effect 生效
bring/put…into effect 使生效;实行;实施
in effect 实际上,事实上;在实施中;有效
side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj. 有效的;起作用的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The effect that the teacher's encouragement had _________
the students was remarkable, boosting their confidence and
performance.
on/upon
②[人教选三U3] With such campaigns ___ effect, China's
waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.
in
③［2024·新课标Ⅰ卷］ And are listening to and viewing content
as _________(effect) as reading the written word when covering
the same material
effective
(2)完成句子
［译林必修二U2］ One year later, I can honestly say it
______________________________________________(已对……产生
了巨大的影响) me physically and mentally.
has had a huge effect/influence/impact on/upon
6 recover v.康复;恢复;复原;恢复常态;找回;重新获得;回收利用
(1)recover oneself 恢复正常;镇定下来
recover from… 从……中恢复过来
(2)recovery n. 恢复;复苏;痊愈
make a recovery from…(=recover from…)
从……中恢复过来
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①［《呼啸山庄》］ He got up and rested for a while to
recover ______ the blow.
from
②［人教选一U4］ There were three factors playing roles in her
quick _________(recover) from the illness: appropriate medical
advice, the right medicine, and enough rest.
recovery
(2)熟词生义
［2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷］ Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in
Washington D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy
meals. ______
回收
(3)完成句子
①[2020·浙江7月考应用文写作] Since you have returned to
Ireland, I'm wondering ______________________________________
____________________________(你的病是否已经好了). (应用文写作
之慰问信)
whether you have recovered/made a recovery from your sickness
②She was shocked to see me, but she soon _________________
(镇定下来). (读后续写之心理描写)
recovered herself
7 shock n.吃惊,震惊;剧烈震动；令人震惊的事;休克 v.使震惊;使惊愕
(1)come as/be a shock to… 使……吃惊
in shock 震惊地
freeze with shock 惊呆了(动作)
frozen with shock 惊呆了(状态)
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的;吃惊的
be shocked at/by… 对……感到吃惊
be shocked to do sth 做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①［人教选二U2］ In addition, different approaches to teaching
and learning may come as ___shock to many students.
②［人教选一U2］ This morning, I saw the _________(shock)
headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”.
a
shocking
③［《夏洛的网》］ When Fern told her mother that Avery had
tried to hit the Zuckermans' spider with a stick, Mrs Arable was
so _________(shock) that she sent Avery to bed without any
supper, as punishment.
shocked
④［北师选二U4］ When the dish arrives, he is shocked
____________(discover) that “steak tartare” is actually raw
hamburger.
to discover
(2)完成句子
①[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] Seeing the mess, their father
_________________(惊呆了), as if rooted to the ground.
(读后续写之情感描写)
froze with shock
②［《呼啸山庄》］ He didn't recognise the tired, pale face in
front of him and ________________________(他震惊地站在那里)
for a moment. (读后续写之外貌+情感描写)
he stood there in shock
8 concentrate v.专注,专心
(1)concentrate on/upon…全神贯注于……
concentrate one's mind/attention/efforts/energy on/upon…
聚精会神/集中注意力/致力/集中精力于……
(2)concentration n. 集中;专心
［温馨提示］ 表示“集中注意力于……”的短语还有:
fix/focus one's attention/mind on/upon…
pay attention to…
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Having dreams means intense ______________(concentrate) on
specific goals, which undoubtedly increases the possibility of
success.
concentration
②He didn't notice the teacher standing by his side, with all his
attention _____________(concentrate) on a book.
concentrated
(2)完成句子
Kris' heart raced with nerves, but Robin reminded her to
breathe and ____________________(专注于) the task in hand.
(读后续写之心理描写)
concentrate on/upon
cut down 砍倒;削减,缩小(尺寸、数目)
cut off 切断(水、电);中断;切掉;使……与外界隔绝
cut out 剪下;删除;停止做(或使用、食用);突然熄火
cut up 切碎;使伤心;割伤
cut in (on sb/sth)插嘴;超车抢道
cut across 抄近路穿过
［温馨提示］ cut down 表示“削减,减少”之意时既可以单独使用,也
可以加宾语,即cut sth down或者cut down on sth。如:
The doctor told him to cut down on his drinking.
医生劝他少喝酒。
【活学活用】
(1)用cut相关短语的适当形式填空
①It is impolite to _______ when others are talking.
②The town ____________ from the rest of the world due to
heavy snow.
③He __________ on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced
diet.
④They had to ___________ a field to go to the station to save
time.
⑤You'd better ________ the last two paragraphs of your article.
⑥________ the meat if you want to make dumplings.
cut in
was cut off
cut down
cut across
cut out
Cut up
(2)完成句子
If you want to be healthy, I would like to suggest you
_____________________________(少吃甜点) and sweet drinks.
(should) cut down on desserts
1(教材P68) The more we know about this lovely creature, the
greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the
natural world for a long time to come.
我们对这种迷人的生物了解得越多,它在自然界中得以长久生存并保
持其位置的可能性就越大。
句型公式
the+比较级,the+比较级“越……,越……”
【句式点拨】
句中含有“the+比较级(+主语+谓语),the+比较级(+主语+谓语)”结构,
该结构意为“(……)越……,(……)越……”,表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The more she thought about it, the
________________(depressed) she became.
②[2019·浙江6月考] Usually, the _________(strange) the idea is,
the more it gets noticed.
more depressed
stranger
(2)完成句子
__________________________________________________
(你对中国传统文化了解得越多), the more interested you are in it.
(应用文写作话题之中国文化)
The more you know about traditional Chinese culture
2(教材P76) It is after all we who are the visitors to their
world.
毕竟,我们才是它们世界的访客。
句型公式
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分.
【句式点拨】
此句是一个强调句,被强调部分为主语we。强调句的基本结构是“It
is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分.”,当被强调部分为人时,
可用who来代替that。
【归纳拓展】
(1)强调句的陈述句形式
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分.
(2)强调句的一般疑问句形式
Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句形式
特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+句子其他成分
(4)“not…until…”句型的强调句
It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分.
［温馨提示］ 强调句型用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分,不能强调
谓语。被强调部分是人时,可以用who或that,其他情况一律用that。强
调主语时,that后的谓语动词应与被强调的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
［2024·新课标Ⅱ卷］ It's these small acts of kindness _____
make a new country feel like home.
that
(2)完成句子/句式改写
①［2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写］ _________________________
_________________(正是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念) could make
something unusual happen finally. (读后续写之主题升华句)
It was his brave heart and strong faith that
②I didn't find it really worthy of the reputation until I visited
the place.
→_____________________________________ I found it really
worthy of the reputation. (强调句)
It was not until I visited the place that
③I've already forgotten where you put the dictionary.
→_____________________________________ I've already forgotten.
(强调句)
It is where you put the dictionary that
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Doing regular exercise is good for your _________(recover)
from illness.
recovery
2.Her ______________(determine) to succeed came from within,
serving as a source of endless motivation for her to push
through any obstacles.
determination
3.The government is actively seeking _________(effect) measures
to address the issue of climate change and reduce greenhouse
gas emissions.
effective
4.The charity event attracts thousands of
participants_________(annual), raising funds for a variety of
worthy causes.
annually
5.The tallest building in the image __________(measure)
approximately 200 pixels (像素).
measures
6.The ________(survive) rate of this endangered whale species
has increased due to the protection of their habitat.
7.With his attention _____________(concentrate) on his files, the
professor didn't notice someone entering his room.
survival
concentrated
8.The children stood in front of the magician, _________(amaze)
by his ability to make objects disappear and reappear, trying to
figure out the mystery behind his tricks.
amazed
9.The government authority has announced a comprehensive
_________(solve) to address the issue of air pollution in the city,
outlining a series of measures to be implemented over the
next five years.
solution
10.The double rainbow appeared after the storm, leaving us
_________(shock) at the breathtaking view across the sky.
shocked
11.The sudden storm caused a _______(vary) of objects to be
scattered across the yard, including umbrellas and garden
furniture.
variety
12.The driver's quick _________(react) to the sudden crash
allowed him to swiftly control his vehicle, avoiding a more
severe collision.
reaction
13.________(freeze) with fear, Mia stood in front of the class,
with her hands holding her paper, shaking.
Frozen
14.The ancient forest, home to many rare creatures,
______________(destroy) by the wildfire last year, leaving behind
only ashes and memories.
was destroyed
15.He __________(eventual) got a position at the University of
Hamburg where he was a professor of physics.
eventually
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.Despite the harsh winter weather, the professor ____________
________(冒着恶劣天气) to walk to the campus, determined to
hold his lecture as scheduled.
braved the elements
2.I tried my best and walked as fast as I could, but I failed to
keep up with others _________(终究).
3.Would you be so kind as to __________(削减) my article so
that it'll all fit onto one page
after all
cut down
4.Dogs, which are our best friends, are often used to
___________(寻找) survivors in an earthquake.
search for
5.Put your imperfections out of your mind and
_______________(专注于) what you value within yourself, and
your beauty will shine through.
concentrate on
6.From finding it extremely painful to walk, to not being able to
get up ____________(独自), Ted's problem was worsening day
by day.
on his own
7.When I told them the news they all __________(盯着) me in
shock.
8.It is important to ___________________(对……表示尊重) others'
opinions and beliefs, even if we may disagree with them.
stared at
show respect to/for
Ⅲ 句型训练
1.The reason ____________________________________ was
______________________ leaving her comfort zone. (定语从句+表
语从句)
她犹豫接受这个提议的原因是她害怕离开自己的舒适区。
why she hesitated to accept the offer
that she was afraid of
2.__________ we learn, ____________ our vision will be.
我们学得越多，眼界就越开阔。
The more
the broader
3.I didn't want to give them the impression _________________
____. (同位语从句)
我不想让他们觉得我想放弃。
that I wanted to quit
4.___________________________ I realized dreams really did
come true, and all it took was a little courage and belief in
oneself. (强调句)
正是在那一刻，我意识到梦想真的会成真，所需要的只是一点勇气
和对自己的信心。
It was at that moment that
Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.She _____(cast) a welcoming smile as the guests entered the
room,making them feel instantly at ease.
2.In order not to ___________(catch) in the heavy traffic, Daddy
went to work half an hour earlier than usual that morning.
3.I was having fun _________(chat) online with my friend last
night when suddenly the electricity was cut off.
4.He _______(choose) his words carefully as he spoke.
cast
be caught
chatting
chose
5.The winner ____________(choose) from a pool of extremely
talented individuals.
6.Mandy laughed and _________(clap) her hands in delight， as
the surprise unfolded before her.
7.Now he works in a huge company ___________(control) half
of the world's coffee trade.
was chosen
clapped
controlling
Ⅱ 构词法规则
构词法 前缀mis-表示“相反”、 “错误”
指出下列黑体词的含义
1.[2024 ·浙江1月考] …and this mismatch is at the heart of why
so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know
we shouldn't eat.____________
错配，误配
2.[2023·全国甲卷] But when we looked at the tomatoes, we
were worried because they were so misshapen: not at all like
the nice, round, shiny things you get in a supermarket.
________
畸形的
3.[2023·全国乙卷] In addition to the problem of
miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories
accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the
victors know how to write. ______
误解
4.[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷改编] Kevin's concern about the dog is
that they may misbehave.__________
行为不当
5.[2019·江苏卷] It would not matter if these misjudgements
were just a matter of people's opinions. However, they have real
impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.
____________________
判断错误；被误导的
Ⅲ 熟词生义练
指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义
1.branch
[2023·全国甲卷] Head Chef David Thompson, who received a
Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same
name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
____________
分部，分店
2.break
[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Back downtown during a workday, they
can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking
along a fountain on their lunch break. __________
间歇,休息
3.bridge
To bridge the gap between theory and practice, the professor
included real-world examples in the lecture. __________
缩小差距
4.build
She was of slim build with short, dark hair.__________
身材,体形
5.buy
①This was still a good buy even at the higher price.
____________
②You could say you were ill but I don't think they'd buy it.
__________
合算的商品
相信;接受
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
入秋以来, 不少多年未见的候鸟如今再现于南方湿地。观鸟和湿
地成为广东冬季的一道特别景观。请你为学校英文报刊写一则以
“The return of migratory birds”为题的新闻报道。内容包括：
1.候鸟回归；
2.湿地观鸟；
3.你的盼望。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：湿地wetland 候鸟migratory birds
The return of migratory birds
1.____________________________________________________
(随着有效保护措施的立即实施), numerous migratory birds, which
haven't been seen in the Southern provinces for many years,
are making their way back to the wetlands, 2._________________
_____________________________(使它成为一次难得的观看野生鸟
类的机会).
With effective conservation measures taken immediately
making it a rare opportunity to watch wild birds
3.________________________________(走进湿地保护区),
4.______________________(游客们被……所惊叹)the birds
5.__________________________________________________________
____________________________________(优雅地飞越湖泊和在湿地
中漫步的). The sight and sound of these fascinating feathered
creatures fill one with 6._____________________________________
__________________(一种深深的真正的幸福感和内心的平静).
Stepping into the wetland reserve
visitors are amazed by
that/which fly/flying gracefully over the lakes and wander/ wandering through the wetlands
a profound sense of true happiness and peace of mind
7.______________________________________(我们越是致力于
保护) these natural habitats, the more we ensure the continued
survival and prosperity of these migratory birds. Therefore, I
sincerely hope that, 8._____________________(通过不懈的努力),
China will achieve even more notable successes in wetland
conservation.
The more devoted we are to protecting
with persistent efforts
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
5.情感细节描写——吃惊
【语言素材】
惊讶的,震惊的 surprised/amazed/ shocked/ astonished/stunned 惊讶地 in astonishment/ surprise/shock/ amazement
令人惊讶的,令 人震惊的 surprising/amazing /shocking/ astonishing/stunni ng 令某人 震惊的 是…… to one's
astonishment/surprise/
shock/amazement
(因吃惊等)睁大眼 睛的 wide-eyed 以惊讶的声 音/语调 in a surprised
voice/tone/in a voice
filled with shock
出乎意料的;意想 不到的;意外的 unexpected 使某人大吃 一惊 take sb aback/by surprise
不敢相信自己的 眼睛 can't believe one's eyes 惊呆了 be frozen with
shock/amazement
续表
惊讶得倒吸一口气 gasp in astonishment 震惊得说不出 话来 speechless with
shock
惊呆了 be numb with shock 难以置信地 in disbelief/ unbelievably
仿佛生了根似的站住 不动 as if rooted to the spot 完全出乎意料 a complete
surprise
续表
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ 单句表达
1.Jenny was numb with shock, sitting there __________________
__________.
珍妮惊呆了,睁大眼睛坐在那里。
with her eyes wide open
2.We froze, as if rooted to the spot, _______________________
___________________________________________________________.
我们僵住了,好像生了根似的站住不动,惊讶地张大了嘴巴。
our mouths dropping/ hanging open in surprise/astonishment/shock/amazement
3.When we heard the unexpected news about the school closing,
we _____________________________________________________ or
even to think.
当我们听到学校关闭的意外消息时，我们太惊讶，以至于不能说话，
甚至不能思考。
were too surprised/astonished/shocked/amazed to speak
4.____________________________， he couldn't believe his eyes.
难以置信地摇摇头，他简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。
Shaking his head in disbelief
5.She stared at him, __________________________________.
她惊呆了,直瞪着他。
frozen/numb with shock/amazement
6.After further communication, she _____________________ that
the gentleman was actually her new boss in London.
经过进一步沟通,她惊讶地发现这位先生实际上是她在伦敦的新老板。
was surprised to find
7.His casual attitude completely __________________________ as
we stood in the conference room, surrounded by colleagues
who were visibly tense.
当我们站在会议室里，周围都是明显紧张的同事时，他漫不经心的
态度让我大吃一惊。
took me aback/by surprise
Ⅱ 语段表达(吃惊)
Emily awoke to the sound of thunder, and looked out of
the window 1.________________________________________
(惊讶地). The sky turned dark and heavy clouds gathered rapidly.
2.____________________________________________(令她震惊的是),
a massive tornado was forming in the distance. She called out
to her family 3._____________________________________________
(以震惊的声音), urging them to get to safety immediately.
in astonishment/surprise/shock/amazement
To her astonishment/surprise/shock/amazement
in a surprised voice/in a voice filled with shock
The sudden appearance of the tornado 4._____________________
___________________________________(使每个人都大吃一惊).
Just moments ago, everything had been calm and peaceful.
They were 5._____________________(震惊得说不出话来), unable
to comprehend the rapid change in weather. It seemed like
something out of a movie, not real life. Emily 6._______________
_______________(不敢相信自己的眼睛) when she saw that her
neighbour's house lifted off its foundation and collapsed. The
entire family 7.____________________________
took everyone aback/by surprise/shocked everyone
speechless with shock
couldn't believe her eyes
was frozen/numb with shock
(惊呆了), standing 8.________________________(仿佛生了根似的站
住不动). The destruction was so overwhelming that Emily
9._______________________(惊讶得倒吸一口气), struggling to
find words to describe the horror unfolding before her.
as if rooted to the spot
gasped in astonishment
作 业 手 册
(限时：35分钟)
Ⅰ 阅读理解
A[2024·河南高三诊断卷]
文体：新闻报道 主题：人与自然 词数：368
Arctic reindeer (驯鹿) are quite busy in the summer—eating
when the sun shines around the clock and the food is abundant.
Like other ruminants (反刍动物), reindeer spend a great amount
of time chewing on cud (反刍的食物), making it smaller and
easier to digest. Finding time to sleep among all this cud
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2
3
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6
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chewing might be tough. But not if the reindeer could sleep
while chewing.
To find out if the reindeer could actually sleep-eat,
neuroscientist Melanie Furrer and her colleagues trained four
female reindeer to tolerate a pen and electrodes (电极) on
shaved patches of skin. The researchers were looking for the
brainwaves that appear during non-REM sleep, a deep,
restorative sleep stage. These waves appeared when the reindeer
were chewing cud, though the chewing motion itself made it
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
hard to say whether the signal was identical to that of a regular
sleep session. “We couldn't go into detail by looking only at the
brainwaves, because this chewing disturbs it a bit,” says Furrer.
Still, other signs also pointed to sleep while chewing. The
reindeer were calm while chewing, often with their eyes closed.
“They were in a very relaxed state that resembles (像) the body
position of non-REM sleep,” Furrer says. “Light noise from
neighbouring reindeer was less likely to be noticed by a
ruminating reindeer than usual. When reindeer are kept awake,
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2
3
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they need catch-up recovery sleep. But time spent chewing
decreased the time spent on recovery sleep.”
“Unlike fur seals, ducks and long-haul flying frigatebirds,
reindeer show signs of sleeping with both sides of their brains
while chewing. Figuring out exactly how reindeer pull this off
would be interesting,” Furrer says. “Studying various forms of
sleep might lead to insights into sleepwalking in people, a
poorly understood and potentially dangerous sleep disorder.”
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2
3
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5
6
7
8
“Reindeer need time and space to be quiet and to have
peace, to ruminate,” says Wagner, a scientist of the Norwegian
Institute of Bioeconomy Research in Troms. “This paper for the
first time shows that this is a very real, physiological
requirement to have enough peace to ruminate undisturbed in
order to cover the sleep requirements.”
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了科学家对北极
驯鹿展开的一项新研究，探讨了驯鹿在咀嚼时是否能够入睡的现象。
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2
3
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5
6
7
8
( )1.Why do reindeer need time to chew the cud
A.For better taste. B.For better digestion.
C.For more nutrition. D.For more enjoyment.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Like other ruminants
(反刍动物), reindeer spend a great amount of time chewing on
cud (反刍的食物), making it smaller and easier to digest.”可知，
驯鹿之所以花大量时间咀嚼反刍的食物是为了使其更小、更容易消
化。故选B。
√
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2
3
4
5
6
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( )2.Which of the following statements might Furrer agree
with
A.It is harder to disturb ruminating reindeer.
B.The research process was recorded in great detail.
C.Reindeer weren't fully relaxed even when sleeping.
D.The sleep form of reindeer resembles that of sleepwalkers.
√
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“‘They were in a very relaxed
state that resembles (像) the body position of non-REM sleep,’
Furrer says. ‘Light noise from neighbouring reindeer was less
likely to be noticed by a ruminating reindeer than usual. When
reindeer are kept awake, they need catch-up recovery sleep. But
time spent chewing decreased the time spent on recovery
sleep.’”可知，当驯鹿反刍时，它们不太可能受到周围噪声的干扰。
故选A。
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )3.What does Wagner think of Melanie Furrer and her
colleagues' research paper
A.Complicated. B.Incredible.
C.Comprehensive. D.Pioneering.
√
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3
4
5
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘Reindeer need time and
space to be quiet and to have peace, to ruminate,’ says Wagner,
a scientist of the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research in
Troms. ‘This paper for the first time shows that this is a very
real, physiological requirement to have enough peace to
ruminate undisturbed in order to cover the sleep requirements.’”
可知，Wagner认为这项研究具有开创性，因为它首次揭示了驯鹿在
反刍时需要足够的不受打扰的平静来满足睡眠需求这一重要发现。
因此，选项D“Pioneering.”(开创性的。)最符合Wagner对这篇研究论
文的看法。故选D。
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2
3
4
5
6
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8
( )4.What's the best title for the text
A.Sleep-eating makes reindeer busy
B.Reindeer need recovery sleep
C.Reindeer can sleep while chewing
D.Reindeer need time and space to ruminate
√
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3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Still, other signs also pointed
to sleep while chewing. The reindeer were calm while chewing,
often with their eyes closed.”以及全文内容可知，文章探讨了北极
驯鹿在咀嚼时是否能够入睡的现象，通过科学家Melanie Furrer及其
同事的研究，发现驯鹿可以在咀嚼时入睡。选项C“Reindeer can
sleep while chewing”(驯鹿可以在咀嚼时入睡) 准确地概括了文章的
主题和研究发现，简洁明了，易于理解。故选C。
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B[2024·湖北八市高三三模]
文体：说明文 主题：人与自然 词数：334
Birders get nervous when they see landscapes covered in
wind turbines (涡轮机). When the wind gets going, their blades
(叶片) can turn around at well over 200 km per hour. It is easy
to imagine careless birds getting cut into pieces and wind
turbines do indeed kill at least some birds. But a new analysis
of American data suggests the numbers are negligible, and have
little impact on bird populations.
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Erik Katovich, an economist at the University of Geneva,
made use of the Christmas Bird Count, a citizen-science project
run by the National Audubon Society. Volunteers count birds
they spot over Christmas, and the society gathers the numbers.
He assumed, reasonably, that if wind turbines harmed bird
populations, the numbers seen in the Christmas Bird Count
would drop in places where new turbines had been built.
Combining bird populations and species maps with the locations
and construction dates of all wind turbines, he found building
turbines had no noticeable effect on bird populations.
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2
3
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5
6
7
8
Instead of limiting his analysis to wind power alone, he also
examined oil-and-gas extraction (开采), which has boomed in
America over the past couple of paring bird
populations to the locations of new gas wells revealed an
average 15% drop in bird numbers when new wells were drilled,
probably due to a combination of noise, air pollution and the
disturbance of rivers and ponds that many birds rely upon.
When drilling happened in migration centres, feeding grounds
or breeding locations, bird numbers instead dropped by 25%.
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Wind power, in other words, not only produces far less
planet-heating carbon dioxide and methane than do fossil fuels.
It appears to be significantly less damaging to wildlife, too. Yet
that is not the impression you would get from reading the
news. Dr Katovich found 173 stories in major American news
media reporting the supposed negative effects that wind
turbines had on birds in 2020, compared with only 46 stories
discussing the effects of oil-and-gas wells.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是研究发现风力涡轮
机对鸟类的影响微乎其微。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )5.What does the underlined word “negligible”in Paragraph
1 mean
A.Insignificant. B.Inaccurate. C.Inconsistent. D.Indefinite.
[解析] 词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的“…a new analysis of
American data suggests the numbers…”以及画线单词后的“…and
have little impact on bird populations.”可知，一项对美国数据的新
分析表明涡轮机对鸟类数量的影响不大，由此可知，画线单词
negligible的意思应与“不重要”或者“微不足道”相近。故选A项。
√
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8
( )6.What is Dr Katovich's conclusion based on
A.Previous studies. B.Relevant data.
C.Reasonable prediction. D.Experiment results.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Erik Katovich, an economist
at the University of Geneva, made use of the Christmas Bird
Count, a citizen-science project run by the National Audubon
Society.”可知，Erik Katovich的结论是基于美国奥杜邦协会公民科学
项目the Christmas Bird Count获取的数据。故选B项。
√
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( )7.What message does Paragraph 3 mainly try to convey
A.Oil-and-gas extraction has expanded in America.
B.Birds are heavily dependent on rivers and ponds.
C.Many factors lead to the decline of bird populations.
D.Well drilling poses a serious threat to birds' survival.
√
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3
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6
7
8
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段“Comparing bird populations to
the locations of new gas wells revealed an average 15% drop in
bird numbers when new wells were drilled, probably due to a
combination of noise, air pollution and the disturbance of rivers
and ponds that many birds rely upon. When drilling happened
in migration centres, feeding grounds or breeding locations, bird
numbers instead dropped by 25%.”可知，油气钻探造成了鸟类数
量的减少，由此可以推断，油气钻探给鸟类的生存带来了严重的威
胁。故选D项。
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( )8.Which of the following may Dr Katovich agree with
A.Wind turbines could share the sky with wildlife.
B.More evidence is needed to confirm the finding.
C.Wind power will be substituted for fossil fuels.
D.Wind turbines deserve wider media coverage.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“It appears to be significantly
less damaging to wildlife, too.”以及上文中分析的涡轮机和油气钻
探对鸟类数量的影响可知，作者认为相对于油气钻探来说，风力涡
轮机对鸟类的影响较小，由此可以推断，作者会认可风力涡轮机可
以与野生动物共存这一说法。故选A项。
√
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Ⅱ 语法填空［2024·浙江宁波十校高三二模］
文体：说明文 主题：人与自然 词数：199
One of the most endangered animals in the world is the
Siberian tiger, 1._______(know) as the Northeast Tiger in China.
There are less than 500 of these beautiful animals still living in
the wild. The Siberian tiger is the largest of all tigers. 2.____
adult male can grow up to 3.3 metres in 3._______(long) and
weigh as much as 300 kilograms.
known
An
length
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7
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9
10
Long ago, Siberian tigers were all over Northeast Asia and
Russian Far East. 4._________, today they are found mainly
along the Chinese-Russian border and 5._________(possible) in
DPRK. The main reason for their decrease in numbers is the
disappearance of their natural habitat. Fortunately, steps
6._________________(take) to save this magnificent creature in
recent years and as a consequence numbers are 7.____ the rise.
There is also a fairly large population of Siberian tigers in
zoos, some of 8._______ are expected to be reintroduced to the
However
possibly
have been taken
on
which
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wild. Of course, they would need to learn how to hunt and
take care of 9.___________(they), and this is easier said than
done. Another big issue is the problem of space. At present,
there just is not enough 10.__________________(spoil) forest
available to support reintroducing many Siberian tigers into the
wild.
themselves
unspoiled/unspoilt
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10
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西伯利亚虎以及
人们采取措施拯救这种濒危的生物。
1._______
known
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词为is，此处为非谓语动词，
且Siberian tiger与know之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。(be)
known as意为“被称为，以……而闻名”，为固定短语。故答案为
known。
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2.____
An
[解析] 考查冠词。此处泛指“一只成年雄性虎”，且adult发音以元音
音素开头，应用不定冠词an，位于句首，首字母大写。故答案为An。
3._______
length
[解析] 考查名词。in length意为“长度”，为固定短语。故答案为
length。
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4._________
However
[解析] 考查副词。前后句是转折关系，空后有逗号，应用however，
位于句首，首字母大写。故答案为However。
5._________
possibly
[解析] 考查副词。本空用副词possibly作状语。故答案为possibly。
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6._________________
have been taken
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态与主谓一致。take steps意为“采取措施”。
in recent years为现在完成时的标志词，且steps和take之间是被动关
系，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用have。故答
案为have been taken。
7.____
on
[解析] 考查介词。on the rise意为“在增长”，为固定短语。故答案
为on。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8._______
which
[解析] 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语
从句，先行词是Siberian tigers，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中
作宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故答案为which。
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.___________
themselves
[解析] 考查代词。结合句意和主语为they可知，本空表示“它们自己”，
用反身代词themselves，作宾语。故答案为themselves。
10.__________________
unspoiled/unspoilt
[解析] 考查形容词。本空指未遭破坏的，用形容词unspoiled或
unspoilt，作定语，修饰forest。故答案为unspoiled/unspoilt。
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7
8
9
10
Ⅲ 完形填空［2024·山西朔州高三二模］
文体：记叙文 主题：人与自然 词数：271
When Anika Puri visited India with her family years ago, she
was surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with
rows of ivory jewellery (象牙饰品) and statues. . .1. ., ivory trade
has been illegal for more than 30 years, and elephant hunting
has been . .2. . in India since the 1970s.
“I was quite . .3. .,” the 17-year-old recalls. “Because
poaching (偷猎) is illegal, how come it is still such a big issue ”
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Curiously, Puri did some research and discovered a
shocking . .4. .: Africa's forest elephant population had . .5. . by
about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the
numbers continued to drop. Puri, a wildlife lover, wanted to do
something to help protect the species and others still . .6. . by
poaching.
Over the course of two years, Puri . .7. . EISa, a low-cost
product of a machine-learning-driven software that . .8. .
movement patterns in thermal infrared (热红外线的) videos of
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
humans and . .9. .. The software is four times more . .10. . than
the existing most advanced methods. It uses a $250 FLIR ONE
Pro thermal camera with 206*156 pixel resolution (分辨率) that
plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6.The camera and iPhone are
then . .11. . to a drone (无人机), and the system . .12. . real-time
inferences as it flies over parks as to whether . .13. . below are
humans or elephants.
Its potential impact on society earned her the Peggy
Scripps Award for Science Communication.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
“. .14. . isn't a straight line,” Puri says. “It makes me resourceful. It
helps me . .15. . a more creative thinker.”
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公安妮卡·普里在
与家人外出旅行时偶然间发现盗猎大象的现象，于是她通过观察和
研究，发明了EISa软件来帮助保护大象。
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
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( )1.A.Fortunately B.Currently C.Globally D.Eventually
[解析] 根据前文的“When Anika Puri visited India with her family
years ago, she was surprised to come across a market in
Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewellery (象牙饰品) and
statues.”可知，几年前，当安妮卡·普里和家人一起去印度旅行时，
她惊讶地发现孟买的一个市场里摆满了成排的象牙饰品和雕像，她
之所以惊讶是因为在全球范围内，30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的。
故选C项。fortunately幸运的是；currently目前；globally全球地；
eventually最后。
√
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3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )2.A.cancelled B.expanded C.prohibited D.pronounced
[解析] 根据前文的“…ivory trade has been illegal for more than
30 years…”和in India since the 1970s可知，30多年来象牙贸易一
直是非法的，由此可推知自20世纪70年代以来，印度一直禁止狩猎
大象。故选C项。cancel取消；expand扩展；prohibit禁止；
pronounce发音。
√
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
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( )3.A.confused B.shocked
C.embarrassed D.interested
[解析] 根据前文的“…she was surprised to come across a market
in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewellery (象牙饰品) and
statues.”和后文的“Because poaching (偷猎) is illegal, how come it
is still such a big issue ”可知，偷猎是非法的，但她发现孟买的一
个市场里摆满了成排的象牙饰品和雕像，所以她非常震惊。故选B项。
confused困惑的；shocked震惊的；embarrassed尴尬的；interested
感兴趣的。
√
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )4.A.lesson B.level C.scene D.statistic
[解析] 根据后文的“Africa's forest elephant population had…by
about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011.”可知，2002年至2011
年间，非洲森林象的数量减少了约62%，这些是令人震惊的统计数据。
故选D项。lesson课程；level等级；scene场景；statistic统计数据。
√
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
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10
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( )5.A.risen B.increased C.changed D.declined
[解析] 根据后文的“…by about 62 percent between 2002 and
2011. Years later, the numbers continued to drop.”可知，数年后，
这一数字继续下降，由此可知此处说的是非洲森林象的数量下降了
约62%。故选D项。rise上升；increase增加；change改变；decline减
少，下降。
√
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )6.A.threatened B.caused C.occupied D.defended
[解析] 根据后文的by poaching可知，普里想保护因偷猎而受到威胁
的物种。故选A项。threaten威胁；cause引起；occupy占用；defend
保护。
√
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )7.A.discovered B.recommended
C.planned D.created
[解析] 根据后文的“…EISa, a low-cost product of a machine-
learning-driven software…”可知，EISa，这款低成本的机器学习驱动
软件，是普里创造的。故选D项。discover发现；recommend推荐；
plan计划；create创建，创造。
√
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )8.A.analyses B.compares C.describes D.provides
[解析] 根据后文的“…movement patterns in thermal infrared
(热红外线的) videos of humans and…”可知，这款软件可以分析人
类和大象的热红外线视频中的运动模式。故选A项。analyse分析；
compare比较；describe描述；provide提供。
√
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2
3
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5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
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( )9.A.parks B.elephants C.species D.images
[解析] 根据后文的“…the system…real-time inferences as it flies
over parks as to whether…below are humans or elephants.”可知，
系统会实时推断出下面的物体是人还是大象，所以EISa可以分析人
类和大象的热红外线视频中的运动模式。故选B项。park公园；
elephant大象；species物种；image图像。
√
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )10.A.complex B.popular C.accurate D.difficult
[解析] 根据后文的“…the existing most advanced methods. It
uses a $250 FLIR ONE Pro thermal camera with 206*156 pixel
resolution (分辨率) that plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6.”可
知，该软件比现有最先进的方法精确四倍。故选C项。complex复杂
的；popular流行的；accurate准确的；difficult困难的。
√
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
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15
( )11.A.accustomed B.attached C.related D.limited
[解析] 根据前文的“The camera and iPhone are then…”和后文to a
drone可知，此处指将摄像机和iPhone固定到一架无人机上。故选B
项。accustom使习惯；attach附在……上，固定到……上；relate
把……联系起来；limit限制。
√
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
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15
( )12.A.produces B.shares C.chooses D.collects
[解析] 根据后文的“…real-time inferences as it flies over parks as
to whether…below are humans or elephants.”可知，系统会产生实
时推断，判断下面的物体是人还是大象。故选A项。produce产生；
share分享；choose选择；collect收集。
√
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )13.A.insects B.objects C.pictures D.targets
[解析] 根据后文的“…below are humans or elephants.”可知，人和
大象都是物体，系统会实时推断出下面的物体是人还是大象。故选B
项。insect昆虫；object物体；picture图片；target目标。
√
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )14.A.Life B.Research
C.Growth D.Relationship
[解析] 根据前文的“…Puri did some research and discovered a
shocking…”可知，普里做了一些研究，所以此处在讨论研究的过程
是曲折的。故选B项。life生活；research研究；growth生长；
relationship关系。
√
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )15.A.get into B.break into
C.bring into D.develop into
[解析] 根据后文的a more creative thinker可知，安妮卡·普里通过
做研究发展成为一个更有创造力的思考者。故选D项。get into进入；
break into闯入；bring into引入；develop into发展成。
√
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7
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A.词汇积累
1.restorative adj.有助于康复的；恢复健康的
2.identical adj.完全相同的
3.long-haul adj.长途的；长时间的
4.noticeable adj.显著的；显而易见的
5.disturbance n.(受)打扰，干扰；骚乱，动乱
6.off-the-shelf adj.现成的；可直接使用的
B.长难句分析
1.These waves appeared when the reindeer were chewing cud,
though the chewing motion itself made it hard to say whether
the signal was identical to that of a regular sleep session.
(阅读A, Para.2)
【分析】句子的主干是these waves appeared；when引导时间状语
从句；though引导让步状语从句；it是形式宾语；whether引导宾语
从句。
【译文】这些脑电波出现在驯鹿反刍时，尽管咀嚼运动本身很难表
明信号是否与常规睡眠时的信号相同。
2.He assumed, reasonably, that if wind turbines harmed bird
populations, the numbers seen in the Christmas Bird Count
would drop in places where new turbines had been built.
(阅读B, Para.2)
【分析】that引导宾语从句，作动词assumed的宾语；if引导条件状
语从句；seen in the Christmas Bird Count是过去分词短语作后置
定语，修饰名词numbers；where引导定语从句，修饰先行词places。
【译文】他合理地假设，如果风力涡轮机对鸟类种群有危害，那么
在新建涡轮机的地方，在圣诞鸟类统计中看到的鸟类数量会下降。
快速核答案
高中英语 必修第一册
Unit 5 Into the wild
听课手册
●语境词汇串记
1.variety 2.on 3.staring 4.froze 5.reaction 6.rewarding
7.but 8.made 9.which 10.eventually
●考点互动探究
单词点睛
1.（1）①to reduce ②measuring ③by （2）①in full
measure ②took/should take measures to protect our natural
environment
2.（1）①determination ②to realise ③determined
（2）①determined/was determined to keep her promise
②Determined to be myself
3.（1）①amazed ②amazing ③to find （2）①Amazed
by/at the scene ②Much to his amazement ③froze in
amazement
4.（1）①survival ②survivors ③on （2）has survived the
test of the bad times
5.（1）①on/upon ②in ③effective （2）has had a huge
effect/influence/impact on/upon
6.（1）①from ②recovery （2）回收 （3）①whether you
have recovered/made a recovery from your sickness
②recovered herself
7.（1）①a ②shocking ③shocked ④to discover
（2）①froze with shock ②he stood there in shock
8.（1）①concentration ②concentrated （2）concentrate
on/upon
短语储存
（1）①cut in ②was cut off ③cut down ④cut across
⑤cut out ⑥Cut up （2）（should） cut down on desserts
句型透视
1.（1）①more depressed ②stranger （2）The more you
know about traditional Chinese culture
2.（1）that （2）①It was his brave heart and strong faith
that ②It was not until I visited the place that ③It is
where you put the dictionary that
●当堂过关检测
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.recovery 2.determination 3.effective 4.annually
5.measures 6.survival 7.concentrated 8.amazed 9.solution
10.shocked 11.variety 12.reaction 13.Frozen 14.was
destroyed 15.eventually
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.braved the elements 2.after all 3.cut down 4.search
for 5.concentrate on 6.on his own 7.stared at
8.show respect to/for
Ⅲ 句型训练
1.why she hesitated to accept the offer；that she was afraid
of 2.The more；the broader 3.that I wanted to quit
4.It was at that moment that
●语言素养提升
Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.cast 2.be caught 3.chatting 4.chose 5.was
chosen 6.clapped 7.controlling
Ⅱ 构词法规则
1.错配，误配 2.畸形的 3.误解 4.行为不当
5.判断错误；被误导的
Ⅲ 熟词生义练
1.分部，分店 2.间歇,休息 3.缩小差距 4.身材,体形
5.①合算的商品　②相信;接受
●写作素养提升
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
1.With effective conservation measures taken immediately
2.making it a rare opportunity to watch wild birds
3.Stepping into the wetland reserve
4.visitors are amazed by
5.that/which fly/flying gracefully over the lakes and wander/
wandering through the wetlands
6.a profound sense of true happiness and peace of mind
7.The more devoted we are to protecting
8.with persistent efforts
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
5.情感细节描写——吃惊
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ.1.with her eyes wide open　2.our mouths dropping/hanging
open in surprise/astonishment/shock/amazement　
3.were too surprised/astonished/shocked/amazed to speak　
4.Shaking his head in disbelief　5.frozen/numb with shock/
amazement 6.was surprised to find　
7.took me aback/by surprise
Ⅱ.1.in astonishment/surprise/shock/amazement　
2.To her astonishment/surprise/shock/amazement　
3.in a surprised voice/in a voice filled with shock　
4.took everyone aback/by surprise/shocked everyone　
5.speechless with shock 6.couldn’t believe her eyes　
7.was frozen/numb with shock
8.as if rooted to the spot　9.gasped in astonishment
作业手册
Ⅰ 阅读理解
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.A
Ⅱ 语法填空
1.known 2.An 3.length 4.However 5.possibly 6.have been
taken 7.on 8.which 9.themselves 10.unspoiled/unspoilt
Ⅲ 完形填空
1.C 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.C 11.B
12.A 13.B 14.B 15.D