Unit 1 A new start 词汇短语复习检测（含答案）-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版必修第一册

外研社必修一Unit 1词汇复习
Part 1: Vocabulary for writing
Exercise 1: Write down the English words according to the Chinese meanings
___________ adj 地位、级别高的
___________高中
____________ adj. 好奇的
____________ n. 印象，感想
____________ n. 传统
____________ n. 作者，作家
____________ v. 考察，探险
____________ v. 呼吸
____________ n. 挑战
___________ n. 压力
___________ adj. 镇静的，沉着的
___________ adj 自信的
___________ n. 讨论，辩论
___________ v. 争论，争辩
___________ adj. 有智慧的
16. _____________ adj. 各种不同的
17. _____________ n. 志愿者
18. _____________ v. 获得，赢得
19. _____________ v. 申请
20. _____________ n. 计划表，日程表
21. _____________ n. 奖，奖赏
22. _____________ n. （一次）观看
23. _____________ v. 毕业
24. _____________ adj. 害怕的
25. _____________ n. 看到，看见
26. _____________ v. 挑选，选择
27. _____________ v. 提到，谈到
28. _____________ adj. 低年级的
29. ______________ v. 奋斗，拼搏
30.______________ v. 改善，改进
Exercise 2: Translate the sentences into English based on the prompts
主谓结构（含状语从句）：他一有空就去探索未知事物。
主系表结构（含并列成分）：她不仅是一位有才华的作家，还是一位有耐心的导师。
主谓宾结构（含定语从句）：那次深深打动我的经历留下了持久的印象。
主谓宾 + 复合宾语结构：她发现这个挑战对我们来说太大，一天之内完不成。
主谓双宾结构（含并列句）：学校今天上午公布了获奖者，并且给他们每人颁发了一个奖项。
Part 2: Vocabulary for reading
Exercise 1: Give the Chinese meanings according to the English words
campus n. __________________
facility n. __________________
moment n. __________________
eagerness n. __________________
engine n. __________________
Insect n. __________________
collection n. __________________
organise v. __________________
butterfly n. __________________
pressure n. __________________
description n. __________________
poster n. __________________
badminton n. __________________
drama n. __________________
band n. __________________
gym n. __________________
piano n. __________________
stage n. __________________
photography n. __________________
inner adj. __________________
sharp adj. __________________
dinosaur n. __________________
dolphin n. __________________
hint n. __________________
subscribe v. __________________
former adj. __________________
graduate v. __________________
orientation n. __________________
rainbow n. __________________
neat adj. __________________
specific adj. __________________
journal n. __________________
memorise v. __________________
skateboarding n. __________________
committee n. __________________
performance n. __________________
Exercise 2: Read the paragraph about orientation week on campus, paying attention to the words in bold. Translate the passage into Chinese.
Orientation week on campus kicked off with a buzz—former students shared stories, while freshmen showed eagerness to explore every facility, from the library’s book collection to the auditorium’s stage. The student union had to organize activities amid pressure to meet everyone’s specific expectations, and their vivid description of the upcoming band performance drew loud cheers. The band’s sharp melodies later filled the air, and many freshmen decided to subscribe to the school journal to keep up with more campus events.
Part 3: Part of speech conversion
Exercise 1: Give the English words according to the part of speech
curious adj. 好奇的→___________ adv. 好奇地→___________ n. 好奇心；求知欲
impression n. 印象，感想→___________ vt. 给…… 留下深刻印象→___________ adj. 令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的
tradition n. 传统；风俗→___________ adj. 传统的
eagerness n. 热切，渴望→___________ adj. 渴望的；渴求的→___________ adv. 热切地；渴望地
explore v. 考察，探险→___________ n. 探险；探索；探测
collection n. （一批）收藏品→___________ vt. 收集；收藏
organise v. 组织→___________ n. 组织者→___________ n. 组织→___________ adj. 有组织的；有条理的；有秩序的
breathe v. 呼吸→___________ n. 呼吸
challenge n. 挑战 vt. 向…… 挑战→___________ adj. 挑战性的
pressure n. 压力→___________ v. 按；压
calm adj. 镇静的，沉着的→___________ adv. 镇静地，沉着地
description n. 描述，描写，叙述，形容→___________ v. 描述；描绘
confident adj. 有信心的，自信的→___________ n. 信心；自信
photography n. 摄影→___________/___________ n. 照片 vt. 给…… 照相
argue v. 争论，争辩→___________ n. 争论，争辩
sharp adj. 锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的→___________ v. 削尖；磨快；使尖锐；变锋利→___________ adv. 急剧地；鲜明地；严厉地
intelligent adj. 有智慧的，聪明的→___________ n. 智慧
investigate vt.& vi. 调查→___________ n. 调查
various adj. 各种不同的→___________ n. 多样性，种类→___________ v. 变化；使多样化
volunteer n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做→___________ adj. 自愿的；志愿的；无偿的
apply v. 申请→___________ n. 申请→___________ n. 申请者
graduate v. 毕业→___________ n. 毕业
frightened adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的→___________ vt. 使惊吓；吓唬→___________ adj. 令人恐惧的
select v. 挑选，选择→___________ n. 挑选，选择；选拔
particular adj. 特定的，特指的→___________ adv. 特别，尤其
memorise v. 记住，熟记→___________ n. 记忆
improve v. 改善，改进→___________ n. 改善，改进
performance n. （工作或活动中的）表现→___________ v. 表现；表演→___________ n. 表演者
refer v. 提到，谈到→___________ n. 提到，谈到；参考
Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the words in brackets
When I mentioned the interesting story, she looked at me with _____________ (curious), hoping to hear more details.
Though the speech was short, the teacher's words still _____________ (impression) me a lot because of their depth.
In order to pass down our heritage, we should respect our ____________(tradition) culture in daily life.
With professional tools and guides, they went on an _____________ (explore) in the deep forest last weekend.
As the leader of the club, he is a good ____________ (organise) and can manage various events well.
When you feel nervous before the exam, take a deep ___________ (breathe) and tell yourself "I can do it".
Compared with the previous tasks, this one is quite ____________ (challenge) even for experienced workers.
Even when she faced sudden danger, she spoke __________ (calm) and guided everyone to safety.
It was his strong ______________(confident) that helped him win the fierce competition last month.
Part 4: Key verbs
Exercise: Fill in the blanks using the correct forms of the verbs in brackets
1. My elder brother ________ (graduate) from high school next July and then he will go to college.
2. To pass the upcoming English exam, Lisa ________ (memorize) 50 new words every morning for the past two weeks.
3. The couple ________ (argue) about where to spend their holiday when I passed their house yesterday evening.
4. My classmate always ________ (apply) what she learns from textbooks to real-life situations, which helps her get good grades.
5. When writing a research paper, students should use ________ (refer) from reliable sources to support their ideas.
6. Over the past three years, Tom ________ (gain) a lot of practical experience through part-time jobs in his free time.
7. At this time last year, we ________ (struggle) with difficult math problems together after school every day.
8. A new magazine ________ (subscribe) to by my father last month, and he reads it every weekend.
9. The best candidate for the school volunteer project ________ (select) by the teachers already, and we will know the result tomorrow.
10. If you keep practicing spoken English for 30 minutes every day, your language skills ________ (improve) greatly in half a year.
Part 5: Useful phrases
Exercise 1: Give the Chinese meaning of each phrase
over and over again
senior high
one by one
turn around
depend on
make a good impression
make the most of
in panic
stay/keep/remain calm
butterflies in one’s stomach
go all out
in particular
look forward to
focus on
stick to
over time
pay attention to
come true
give up
lie in
make a difference
apply for
wake up
around the corner
find out
come along
graduate from
be about to do sth.
keep an open mind
come to an end
Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks using the phrases we’ve learned in this unit
The athletes decided to _____________for the championship in the upcoming competition.
The final exam is only two weeks away, so we should __________________every minute to review what we’ve learned.
Even a single kind word can _____________________ to someone who's feeling down.
Whether the project will succeed or not ______________how well each team member cooperates with one another.
My sister has been preparing for the job interview for a month, hoping to __________the position in the famous company.
The key to solving this problem ______________careful observation and logical thinking.
We are all ____________________the summer vacation, when we can travel to the seaside and enjoy the sunshine.
After working hard for three hours, the meeting finally _______________, and everyone felt a little tired but satisfied.
It’s important to keep in mind that If you ___________your study plan, you’ll definitely make progress soon.
I love all kinds of fruits, _______________strawberries and mangoes.
参考答案及详细解析
Part 1
Exercise 1:
senior (adj. 地位、级别高的；例：a senior official 高级官员)
senior high school (高中；日常口语中也可简称为 “senior high”)
curious (adj. 好奇的；例：Children are always curious about the world around them. 孩子们总是对周围的世界充满好奇)
impression (n. 印象，感想；例：Her kindness left a deep impression on me. 她的善良给我留下了深刻印象)
tradition (n. 传统；例：It's a tradition to eat mooncakes on Mid-Autumn Festival. 中秋节吃月饼是一种传统)
author (n. 作者，作家；例：The author of this novel is very famous. 这本小说的作者很有名)
explore (v. 考察，探险；例：Scientists plan to explore the deep sea. 科学家们计划探索深海)
breathe (v. 呼吸；例：You should breathe in slowly and then out. 你应该慢慢吸气，然后呼气)
challenge (n. 挑战；例：This task is a big challenge for us. 这项任务对我们来说是个大挑战)
pressure (n. 压力；例：Too much work pressure makes him tired. 过多的工作压力让他很累)
calm (adj. 镇静的，沉着的；例：She stayed calm even in an emergency. 即使在紧急情况下，她也保持镇静)
confident (adj. 自信的；例：He is confident of winning the competition. 他有信心赢得比赛)
discussion (n. 讨论，辩论；例：We had a heated discussion about this problem. 我们就这个问题进行了热烈的讨论)
argue (v. 争论，争辩；例：They often argue about small things. 他们经常为小事争论)
wise (adj. 有智慧的；例：A wise person always thinks before acting. 有智慧的人总是三思而后行)
various (adj. 各种不同的；例：The shop sells various kinds of toys. 这家商店出售各种各样的玩具)
volunteer (n. 志愿者；例：Many volunteers helped with the charity event. 许多志愿者为这次慈善活动提供了帮助)
gain (v. 获得，赢得；例：She gained a lot of knowledge from this course. 她从这门课程中获得了很多知识)
apply (v. 申请；例：I want to apply for the position of teacher. 我想申请教师这个职位)
schedule (n. 计划表，日程表；例：I need to check my schedule before making a plan. 制定计划前，我需要查看我的日程表)
award (n. 奖，奖赏；侧重 “官方 / 正式颁发的奖项” ，例：He received an award for his excellent work. 他因工作出色获得了一个奖项)
view (n. （一次）观看；也可指 “观点、风景” ，此处取 “观看” 义，例：The film's first view attracted many people. 这部电影的首次放映吸引了很多人)
graduate (v. 毕业；例：She will graduate from college next year. 她明年将大学毕业)
frightened (adj. 害怕的；侧重 “因突发情况感到恐惧” ，例：The little girl was frightened by the loud thunder. 小女孩被响亮的雷声吓住了)
sight (n. 看到，看见；例：At the sight of her mother, the baby stopped crying. 一看到妈妈，宝宝就不哭了)
select (v. 挑选，选择；例：We need to select the best candidate for the job. 我们需要为这份工作挑选最合适的候选人)
refer (v. 提到，谈到；常用搭配 “refer to” ，例：When talking about education, he referred to his own experience. 在谈论教育时，他提到了自己的经历)
junior (adj. 低年级的；例：Junior students usually have more basic courses. 低年级学生通常有更多的基础课程)
struggle (v. 奋斗，拼搏；例：They struggled hard to overcome the difficulties. 他们努力奋斗以克服困难)
improve (v. 改善，改进；例：We should try to improve our living environment. 我们应该努力改善我们的生活环境)
Exercise 2:
主谓结构（含状语从句）He explores unknown things as soon as he is free.（解析：主句为主谓宾结构 "He explores unknown things"，状语从句 "as soon as he is free" 表时间，"as soon as" 引导 “一…… 就……” 的逻辑关系，符合原句语境。）
主系表结构（含并列成分）She is not only a talented author but also a patient mentor.（解析：主句为主系表结构 "She is...", 并列成分通过 "not only...but also..." 连接，分别对应 “有才华的作家”（a talented author）和 “有耐心的导师”（a patient mentor），保持双表语的平行结构，符合语法要求。）
主谓宾结构（含定语从句）The experience that deeply touched me left a lasting impression.（解析：主句为主谓宾结构 "The experience...left a lasting impression"，定语从句 "that deeply touched me" 修饰先行词 "the experience"，"that" 在此处指代物并在从句中作主语，准确还原 “深深打动我的” 这一限定关系。）
主谓宾 + 复合宾语结构She finds this challenge too big for us to complete in one day.（解析：主句为主谓宾结构 "She finds this challenge"，复合宾语由 “宾语补足语”（too big for us to complete in one day）构成，"too...to..." 结构表 “太…… 而不能……”，既体现 “挑战太大” 的状态，又补充 “一天之内完不成” 的结果，符合 “主谓宾 + 复合宾语” 的语法框架。）
主谓双宾结构（含并列句）The school announced the winners this morning and awarded each of them a prize.（解析：并列句由 "and" 连接两个主谓双宾结构：前半句 "The school announced the winners this morning"（间接宾语 "the winners"，直接宾语省略，核心为 “公布获奖者”），后半句 "awarded each of them a prize"（间接宾语 "each of them"，直接宾语 "a prize"），双宾结构清晰，并列关系明确，还原原句 “公布 + 颁奖” 的两个动作。）
Part 2
Exercise 1:
campus n. 校园
facility n. 设施
moment n. 某一时刻
eagerness n. 热切，渴望
engine n. 发动机，引擎
Insect n. 昆虫
collection n. （一批）收藏品
organise v. 组织
butterfly n. 蝴蝶
pressure n. 压力
description n. 描述，描写
poster n. 海报
badminton n. 羽毛球
drama n. 戏剧
band n. 乐队，乐团
gym n. 体育馆，健身房
piano n. 钢琴
stage
photography n. 摄影
inner adj 隐藏的，内心的
sharp adj. 敏锐的，聪明的
dinosaur n. 恐龙
dolphin n. 海豚
hint n. 有益的建议
subscribe v. 订阅
former adj. 从前的
graduate v. 毕业
orientation n. 培训，迎新
rainbow n. 彩虹
neat adj 令人愉快的
specific adj. 具体的，特定的
journal n. 日记，日志
memorise v. 记住，熟记
skateboarding n. 滑板运动
committee n. 委员会
performance n. 表现
Exercise 2:
校园迎新周在一片热闹中拉开序幕 ——往届学生分享着故事，新生们则满怀热忱，渴望探索每一处设施，从图书馆的图书收藏到礼堂的舞台都不放过。学生会需在满足所有人具体期望的压力下组织活动，他们对即将到来的乐队演出的生动描述赢得了热烈欢呼。随后，乐队明快激昂的旋律响彻全场，许多新生决定订阅校刊，以便及时了解更多校园活动。
Part 3
Exercise 1:
curious adj. 好奇的→curiously adv. 好奇地→curiosity n. 好奇心；求知欲
impression n. 印象，感想→impress vt. 给…… 留下深刻印象→impressive adj. 令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的
tradition n. 传统；风俗→traditional adj. 传统的
eagerness n. 热切，渴望→eager adj. 渴望的；渴求的→eagerly adv. 热切地；渴望地
explore v. 考察，探险→exploration n. 探险；探索；探测
collection n. （一批）收藏品→collect vt. 收集；收藏
organise v. 组织→organiser n. 组织者→organisation n. 组织→organised adj. 有组织的；有条理的；有秩序的
breathe v. 呼吸→breath n. 呼吸
challenge n. 挑战 vt. 向…… 挑战→challenging adj. 挑战性的
pressure n. 压力→press v. 按；压
calm adj. 镇静的，沉着的→calmly adv. 镇静地，沉着地
description n. 描述，描写，叙述，形容→describe v. 描述；描绘
confident adj. 有信心的，自信的→confidence n. 信心；自信
photography n. 摄影→photograph/photo n. 照片 vt. 给…… 照相
argue v. 争论，争辩→argument n. 争论，争辩
16. sharp adj. 锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的→sharpen v. 削尖；磨快；使尖锐；变锋利→sharply adv. 急剧地；鲜明地；严厉地
17. intelligent adj. 有智慧的，聪明的→intelligence n. 智慧
18. investigate vt. & vi. 调查→investigation n. 调查
19. various adj. 各种不同的→variety n. 多样性，种类→vary v. 变化；使多样化
20. volunteer n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做→voluntary adj. 自愿的；志愿的；无偿的
21. apply v. 申请→application n. 申请→applicant n. 申请者
22. graduate v. 毕业→graduation n. 毕业
23. frightened adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的→frighten vt. 使惊吓；吓唬→frightening adj. 令人恐惧的
24. select v. 挑选，选择→selection n. 挑选，选择；选拔
25. particular adj. 特定的，特指的→particularly adv. 特别，尤其
26. memorise v. 记住，熟记→memory n. 记忆
27. improve v. 改善，改进→improvement n. 改善，改进
28. performance n. （工作或活动中的）表现→perform v. 表现；表演→performer n. 表演者
29. refer v. 提到，谈到→reference n. 提到，谈到；参考
Exercise 2:
curiosity（解析：with 为介词，后接名词作宾语；curious 的名词形式为 curiosity，意为 “好奇心”）
impressed（解析：句子缺少谓语动词；impression 为名词，其动词形式为 impress，结合语境 “过去发生的动作”，用一般过去时 impressed）
traditional（解析：修饰名词 culture 需用形容词；tradition 的形容词形式为 traditional，意为 “传统的”）
exploration（解析：an 后接可数名词单数；explore 为动词，其名词形式为 exploration，意为 “探险”）
organiser（解析：a good 后接可数名词单数；organise 的名词形式为 organiser，意为 “组织者”）
breath（解析：deep 为形容词，后接名词；breathe 为动词，其名词形式为 breath，“take a deep breath” 为固定搭配，意为 “深呼吸”）
challenging（解析：句子为主系表结构，需用形容词作表语；challenge 的形容词形式为 challenging，意为 “有挑战性的”）
calmly（解析：修饰动词 spoke 需用副词；calm 的副词形式为 calmly，意为 “镇静地”）
confidence（解析：strong 为形容词，后接名词；confident 的名词形式为 confidence，意为 “信心”）
Part 4
1. will graduate考查语法：一般将来时解析：标志词 “next July”（明年七月）明确指向未来时间，需用 “will + 动词原形” 的一般将来时结构，故填 “will graduate”。
2. has memorized考查语法：现在完成时解析：“for the past two weeks”（过去两周以来）体现动作从过去持续到现在，“50 new words” 强调积累结果，符合现在完成时 “持续 + 结果” 的用法；主语 Lisa 是第三人称单数，助动词用 has，故填 “has memorized”。
3. was arguing考查语法：过去进行时解析：“when I passed their house yesterday evening”（昨晚我经过时）是过去瞬间时间点，此时正在发生的动作需用过去进行时（was/were + 现在分词）；主语 The couple（夫妻）视为复数，be 动词用 were，故填 “was arguing”。
4. applies考查语法：一般现在时的第三人称单数解析：“always”（总是）表习惯性动作，用一般现在时；主语 My classmate 是第三人称单数，动词 apply 需变 y 为 i 加 - es，故填 “applies”，满足题干 “考三单” 的要求。
5. references考查语法：动词变名词（词形转换）解析：题干要求将动词 “refer” 变为名词，其名词形式为 “reference”（意为 “参考文献”）；句中 “use” 后需接名词作宾语，且 “reliable sources”（可靠来源）暗示需用复数表泛指，故填 “references”。
6. has gained考查语法：现在完成时解析：“Over the past three years”（过去三年以来）是现在完成时的标志性状语，强调动作持续到现在并产生 “获得经验” 的影响；主语 Tom 是第三人称单数，助动词用 has，故填 “has gained”。
7. were struggling考查语法：过去进行时解析：“At this time last year”（去年这个时候）指向过去特定时间，此时正在进行的动作需用过去进行时；主语 we 是复数，be 动词用 were，故填 “were struggling”。
8. was subscribed考查语法：一般过去时的被动语态解析：“last month”（上个月）表过去时间，用一般过去时；主语 “A new magazine” 是 “订阅” 动作的承受者，需用被动语态（was/were + 过去分词）；主语是单数，be 动词用 was，故填 “was subscribed”。
9. has been selected考查语法：现在完成时的被动语态解析：“already”（已经）体现动作已完成，用现在完成时；主语 “The best candidate” 是 “挑选” 动作的承受者，需用被动语态（have/has been + 过去分词）；主语是单数，助动词用 has，故填 “has been selected”。
10. will improve考查语法：一般将来时（主将从现原则）解析：If 引导条件状语从句，遵循 “主将从现” 规则 —— 从句用一般现在时（keep practicing），主句需用一般将来时，故填 “will improve”。
Part 5
Exercise 1:
反复；多次
高中
依次地，一个接一个
转身
依靠；取决于
留下好印象
充分利用
惊慌地
保持镇静
情绪紧张，心里发慌
全力以赴，竭尽全力
尤其，特别
期待，盼望
集中于…
坚持；固守；维持
随着时间流逝
注意
成为现实
放弃
存在，在于
起作用，有影响
申请
醒来
在拐角处；即将来临
查明；找到；找出；查出
一起去
毕业于
正要做某事
保持积极的心态
结束
Exercise 2:
go all out（解析：句意为 “运动员们决定在即将到来的比赛中为冠军全力以赴”，“go all out” 表示 “全力以赴，竭尽全力”，符合 “为冠军拼搏” 的语境。）
make the most of（解析：句意为 “期末考试只剩两周了，所以我们应该充分利用每一分钟复习所学内容”，“make the most of” 意为 “充分利用”，搭配 “every minute”（每一分钟），契合 “抓紧时间复习” 的需求。）
make a difference（解析：句意为 “即使是一句善意的话，对情绪低落的人也能产生影响”，“make a difference” 表示 “起作用，有影响”，符合 “善意的话对他人有积极作用” 的逻辑。）
depends on（解析：句意为 “这个项目能否成功取决于每个团队成员之间的合作程度”，“depend on” 意为 “依靠；取决于”，主语 “Whether the project will succeed or not”（项目能否成功）是单数概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 “depends on”。）
apply for（解析：句意为 “我姐姐已经为求职面试准备了一个月，希望申请这家知名公司的职位”，“apply for” 表示 “申请”，搭配 “the position”（职位），符合 “申请工作岗位” 的语境。）
lies in（解析：句意为 “解决这个问题的关键在于仔细观察和逻辑思考”，“lie in” 意为 “存在，在于”，主语 “The key”（关键）是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 “lies in”。）
looking forward to（解析：句意为 “我们都在期待暑假，那时我们可以去海边旅行，享受阳光”，“look forward to” 表示 “期待，盼望”，结合 “are” 可知此处用现在进行时 “looking forward to”。）
came to an end（解析：句意为 “经过三个小时的努力，会议终于结束了，每个人都感到有些疲惫但很满足”，“come to an end” 意为 “结束”，根据 “felt”（感到）可知句子用一般过去时，故填 “came to an end”。）
stick to（解析：句意为 “重要的是要记住，如果你坚持你的学习计划，你很快一定会取得进步”，“stick to” 表示 “坚持；固守”，搭配 “your study plan”（学习计划），符合 “坚持计划就能进步” 的语境，且此处为条件状语从句，用一般现在时表将来，填 “stick to”。）
in particular（解析：句意为 “我喜欢各种各样的水果，尤其是草莓和芒果”，“in particular” 表示 “尤其，特别”，用于强调在 “所有水果” 中特别喜欢 “草莓和芒果”，符合语境。）