Unit 1 Food for thought
● 语境词汇串记
1.marriage 2.what 3.horrible 4.a 5.is made 6.to
7.to cook 8.that/which 9.incredibly 10.catching
● 考点互动探究
单词点睛
(1)①to think ②Typically (2)is typical of
(1)①from ②suffering (2)变差,变糟
(3)①suffer such a great loss ②suffering from
(1)①addiction ②addicted ③chatting ④a
(2)Desperately addicted to
(1)①to think ②buying ③(should) be taken
(2)①to give us some recommendations ②it is strongly/highly recommended that everyone (should) go to enjoy the exhibition ③I strongly recommend; to you
(1)①belonging ②belongings
(2)①belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams ②having a sense of belonging
(1)①satisfied ②satisfying/satisfactory
(2)①be satisfied/pleased/content with
②a deep sense of satisfaction
(1)①convenient ②convenience
(2)①at your convenience ②If (it’s) convenient
③it’s convenient for us to have a discussion together
④apologise for any inconvenience it brings to you
(1)①eating ②resistant ③resistance
(2)couldn’t resist/help asking
(1)①living ②adaptation (2)①adapted from
②her ability to adapt to different social situations
短语储存
①in case it became/was damaged ②in case of
③in no case could he lose this important match
④As is often the case
(1)①with ②filling (2)①end up shaping our tomorrow ②ended up in failure
(1)①拿起 ②(通过观察或聆听而)学会 ③收拾
④买,购买 ⑤好转 ⑥用车接 (2)①pick up my pace
②picked out ③picked up the crying child
句型透视
● (1)①have taken ②have been painted (2)must have thought
● 当堂过关检测
Ⅰ.1.satisfied 2.recommendation 3.salty 4.addicted
5.suffering 6.construction 7.belongings 8.adaptation
9.convenient 10.marriage 11.original 12.horrible
13.incredibly 14.different 15.related 16.functional
17.buying
Ⅱ.1.ended up 2.picked up 3.belonging to 4.catch up
5.took to 6.feel at home 7.suffering from 8.Brought up
Ⅲ.1.must have hidden 2.nothing happier to me than enjoying
3.in case the temperature dropped slightly
4.Gathering her courage
● 语言素养提升
Ⅰ.1.destroyed 2.died 3.dug 4.dipped 5.dragging
6.drew 7.were drawn
Ⅱ.1.过度采样的 2.过度旅游 3.高估 4.重于,胜过 5.(在数量上)压倒 6.战胜,胜过
Ⅲ.1.①收费 ②控告 ③掌管 ④给……充电 ⑤向……方向冲去
2.①声称;宣称 ②认领 ③索赔 ④夺去(生命)
3.浑浊的
4.创造(新词语)
5.①染色 ②(尤指负面地)影响
● 写作素养提升
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
1.there’s nothing more delicious than dumplings in Chinese cuisine
2.Traditionally enjoyed during the Spring Festival
3.depending on the ingredients used
4.Shaped like
5.no family meal is complete without dumplings
6.families gathering around
7.the appeal of dumplings is beyond mere words
8.where you can all taste these wonderful dishes
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
7.情感细节描写——尴尬与羞愧
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ.1.Ashamed and embarrassed 2.feeling ashamed of myself
3.how embarrassed/awkward I was 4.Embarrassment and the feeling of failure 5.in/with shame/embarrassment 6.To my shame
Ⅱ.1.blushed with embarrassment 2.an awkward silence 3.his hands became sweaty 4.Overwhelmed by hopelessness 5.was ashamed of his laziness 6.with his head downUnit 1 Food for thought
●ⅠA
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食品科技初创公司OneThird通过红外线扫描仪准确预测新鲜水果和蔬菜的保质期。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Now, the food technology startup OneThird, located in the Netherlands, is looking to change that with an infrared (红外线的) scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last. The startup is named OneThird because one third of food is wasted due to spoilage (变质) every year.”可知,OneThird旨在解决由于不确定食物的保质期而造成的食物浪费。故选C。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段“The startup’s founders were inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for food.”可知,该设备在其他领域的使用激发了OneThird使用红外线扫描仪的想法。故选A。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第四段“Then the food is sent to consumers without considering travel time or how long the produce will remain usable.”可知,在人工质量检验中,运输时间没有考虑在内。故选D。
4.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Global food waste has an enormous environmental impact; reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security,’ said Jacob Smith, a climate expert from the University of Maine.”可知,Jacob对OneThird的努力持支持态度。故选A。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过作者违背健康饮食计划的例子引入即时满足的概念,对比了即时满足与延迟满足,指出即时满足虽带来短期快乐,但可能有负面后果,与延迟满足结合更为可取。
5.C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“‘Starting from now on, to be healthy, I will NOT eat any snacks besides granola bars (燕麦棒)’ is what I told myself yesterday, and yet here I am today chewing a chocolate pie. I’m aware that I’m breaking my own promise to myself. Instead of eating this, I should be working out or something. But the thing is, chocolate is too good at this moment for me to refuse it!”和第二段“As I type this, I’m experiencing what’s called instant gratification—the desire to experience pleasure or fulfillment without delaying it for a future benefit. Essentially, when you want it, you get it.”可推知,作者通过讲述自己决定只吃燕麦棒来保持健康,但第二天却违背了这个决定而吃了chocolate pie的个人经历来引入关于即时满足的话题。故选C项。
6.A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As I type this, I’m experiencing what’s called instant gratification—the desire to experience pleasure or fulfillment without delaying it for a future benefit. Essentially, when you want it, you get it.”可推知,即时满足的一个例子是不顾预算购买物品,因为它体现了立即追求快乐或满足而不考虑未来后果的行为。故选A项。
7.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Constantly seeking quick pleasure may bring subsequent troubles. However not doing your homework may seem pleasant right now, it only results in pleasure…”及下文guilt and last-minute panicking late at night可知,此处指受内疚和最后一刻的慌乱困扰的快乐,因此plagued的意思为“困扰,折磨”。故选D项。
8.D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Instant gratification, however, is not necessarily a bad thing. You don’t always have to say no to things you want at that moment, and it’s good to treat yourself when you need it. In other words, times when you ‘treat yourself’ are only valuable in combination with delayed gratification. While my chocolate pie may taste good now, it’ll taste even better if I only eat it after I’ve worked out or done something healthy.”可知,作者认为虽然即时满足不是坏事,但最好与延迟满足结合使用,例如在完成锻炼或做了有益健康的事情之后再享受chocolate pie感觉会更好。由此推知,作者可能赞同即时享受与延迟满足相结合会更好这一说法。故选D项。
●Ⅱ【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。本文探讨了空腹喝咖啡对胃黏膜有害这一说法的正确性,并探索了其对肠道健康的更广泛的影响。
1.F 根据空后“But some worry this habit could harm their stomachs.”和coffee可知,空处应提及喝咖啡的习惯。F项(许多人在吃饭前都会喝上一杯咖啡来开始新的一天。)符合语境。故选F。
2.G 根据空前“While substances like alcohol are known to alter the stomach’s defences, research, a 2013 study of over 8,000 participants living in Japan, shows no substantial link between coffee consumption and the development of ulcers (溃疡).”可知,前面提到咖啡和溃疡没有联系,不会直接导致胃黏膜损害。G项(这表明咖啡不会直接损害胃黏膜。)符合语境。故选G。
3.B 上文“The idea that coffee induces stomach acid production is well-established, which could theoretically lead to heartburn, especially if consumed on an empty stomach.”提到在理论方面咖啡和胃灼热有关系,下文“A 2014 review found no connection between coffee and heartburn, whereas a 2020 study indicated a possible increase in heartburn symptoms among habitual coffee drinkers.”提到了一些这方面的不同研究。B 项(然而,研究提供了不同的结果。)符合语境。故选B。
4.A 根据空后“That means you drink less coffee in a way.”可知,空处应为减少咖啡用量的具体建议。A 项(添加一些牛奶也有帮助。)符合语境。故选A。
5.C 根据空后“And what works for one person might not for another.”可知,空处说的是反应不同,因为对于一个人有用的方法可能对另一人没有用。C 项(记住,每个人的反应都是不同的。)符合语境。故选C。
●Ⅲ【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的传统食物“皮蛋”的历史以及制作过程。
1.to 考查介词。the key to sth意为“……的关键”,为固定搭配。故填to。
2.oldest 考查形容词最高级。根据句意以及定冠词the可知,此处应该填形容词最高级oldest。故填oldest。
3.roughly 考查副词。分析句子结构可知,此处需要用副词,作状语。故填roughly。
4.is 考查动词时态和主谓一致。本段用一般现在时介绍皮蛋的制作过程,因主语是单数名词process,所以此处用is。故填is。
5.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,先行词是paste,指物,因此关系代词用which。故填which。
6.coated 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语,空处用非谓语,eggs与coat之间是逻辑上的被动关系,所以此处应填过去分词作定语。故填coated。
7.being sold 考查非谓语动词。介词before后应该用动名词作宾语,而主语eggs和动词sell之间是逻辑上的被动关系,所以此处应填动名词的被动形式。故填being sold。
8.appearance 考查名词。根据不定冠词an可知,此处应填单数名词。appearance表示“外表,外观”。故填appearance。
9.was created 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,句子的主语是单数名词approach,句中缺少谓语,且谓语用单数;根据in the days before household refrigerators可知,此处用一般过去时;再根据句意可知,此处为被动关系。故填was created。
10.an 考查冠词。根据句意可知,此处泛指“一个世纪”,所以此处用不定冠词;actual的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 I am living in a multi-cultural family with a Chinese mother and a British father. Despite many years of 1. (marry), they still differ greatly in 2. they eat. My mother loves spicy dishes, and hot pot is her favourite while my father prefers to try all sorts of strange foods such as black pudding, stinky tofu and blue cheese. These snacks look 3. (horror), but once you gather your courage and take 4. bite of them, just as my father puts it, they taste super!
My mother is a good cook. In her opinion, an ideal diet 5. (make) up of fresh ingredients. She goes to the butcher’s, picks up fresh chicken breast and cooks homemade food every day. Mum adapts her recipes 6. individual tastes. She has ended up writing a recipe book, which is highly recommended by some chefs in their blogs.
My father doesn’t know many cooking tricks, so Mum often gives him tips. It is typical of him 7. (cook) a “full English breakfast” of bacon, sausages and toast with butter. For dinner, he often prepares very tender steak 8. is slightly pink inside. And it comes with an 9. (incredible) tasty sauce. After dinner, he usually gets us a creamy cheesecake from the bakery.
Despite all these differences, we all like the family custom where we sit around the kitchen table, 10. (catch) up on each other’s life, with a yogurt with honey on the china plate. I hope someday I can cook a good meal for my parents.
typical adj.典型的,有代表性的;特有的
(1)be typical of sth 具有……的典型特征;是典型的……
It is typical of sb to do sth. 做某事是某人的特点。
(2)typically adv. 通常,一般;典型地;有代表性地;向来
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It is typical of John (think) about helping others in this way.
②[2024·北京卷] (typical), cruelty and cheating are discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised.
(2)完成句子
As a carrier of culture, jiaozi (是典型的……) traditional Chinese cuisine culture. (应用文写作话题之中国文化)
suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦;变差,变糟
(1)suffer from患(某种病);受(某种病痛)折磨
(2)suffering n. [U](身体或精神上)疼痛;苦难;
[pl.]苦恼;痛苦
(3)sufferer n. 受苦者;患者
[温馨提示] (1)suffer用作及物动词时,表示“遭受;蒙受”,其后常跟pain/loss/punishment/hardship/defeat/poverty等名词作宾语。
(2)suffer用作不及物动词时,常与介词from连用,意为“受……折磨/之苦,患……病”,其后的名词多表示非常具体的不幸或痛苦,如:suffer from a bad cold/headaches/trouble/overwork/floods/droughts/a natural disaster。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[人教选二U2] Some may struggle and suffer culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.
②[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s (suffer) so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.
(2)熟词生义
[译林必修三U4] They worked day and night and their health began to suffer because of the poor conditions, but they never gave up.
(3)完成句子
①Disturbed to see you (遭受如此巨大的损失), I am eager to do something for you. (应用文写作之慰问信)
②The baby deer obviously heavy loss of water and heat exhaustion, lifted its head with great effort to lap up the water cupped in my son’s hand. (读后续写之动作描写)
addict n.对……入迷的人
(1)addicted adj. 上瘾的;入迷的
be addicted to (doing) sth 对(做)……上瘾/入迷
(2)addictive adj. (药物等)使人上瘾的
(3)addiction n. 嗜好;上瘾
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[译林选二U4] Treatments of anxiety and drug (addict) are other valuable and cost-effective applications of VR.
②You can always see young people and even adults (addict) to the computer games.
③He grew hopelessly addicted to (chat) online, to such an extent that he almost neglected anything else.
④As ski addict, he didn’t want to miss this perfect skiing chance.
(2)句式改写
He was desperately addicted to poetry and hoped one day to be a poet himself.
→ poetry, he hoped one day to be a poet himself. (用分词改写)
recommend v.推荐;建议
(1)recommend sth to sb 向某人推荐某物
recommend sb as 推荐某人担任/做……
recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
recommend doing… 建议做……
recommend that sb (should) do…
建议……(从句用虚拟语气)
It’s strongly/highly recommended that sb (should) do… (人们)强烈建议……
(2)recommendation n. 正式建议;推荐;推荐信;求职介绍信
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①I recommend you (think) very carefully before you make any decision.
②I recommended (buy) an English-Chinese dictionary, which I thought would be of great help to his studies.
③Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye examination (take) at the age of six months.
(2)完成句子
①[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷应用文写作] The interview will last forty minutes, during which time you are expected (给我们一些建议) on how to reduce stress. (应用
文写作之邀请信)
②[2021·浙江6月考应用文写作] Hence, (强烈建议每个人都去欣赏这个展览). (应用文写作之宣传稿)
③In response to your e-mail inquiring about a good read, Journey to the West (我强烈地向你推荐), which is one of the four great classical novels of Chinese literature. (应用文写作之推荐信)
belong v.属于;应在(某处)
(1)belong to 属于;是……的成员;应归入
(2)a sense of belonging 归属感
(3)belongings n. 财物
[温馨提示] belong to没有被动语态,也不能用于进行时;to为介词,后接名词或代词。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Please take away everything (belong) to you before you leave.
②[人教选三U4] We were not allowed to take most of our personal (belong), and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold.
(2)完成句子
①The future (属于那些相信梦想之美的人). (读后续写之主题升华句)
②The reason why I complained in front of the girls was that I wanted to fit in, (有一种归属感) in the group. (读后
续写之心理描写)
satisfying adj.令人满足的,令人满意的
(1)satisfy v. (使)满足;使满意
satisfy one’s needs/desires/curiosity
满足某人的需要/愿望/好奇心
(2)satisfied adj. 满足的;满意的
be satisfied with(=be pleased/content with)
对……感到满意
(3)satisfaction n. 满足;满意
with satisfaction 满意地
to one’s satisfaction 令某人感到满意的是
a sense of satisfaction 满足感
(4)satisfactory adj. 令人满意的;够好的;可以的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[《小妇人》] After years of hard work and dedication, she looked at her completed masterpiece with a (satisfy) smile.
②It is (satisfy) in life to make one friend, more than enough to make two friends and rare to make three friends.
(2)完成句子
①I am confident that Dad must (对……感到满意) such a special present!
②He finally achieved his lifelong dream, and (一种深深的满足感) washed over him. (读后续写之情感描写)
convenient adj.方便的,便利的
(1)be convenient for sb 对某人来说方便
It is/was convenient for sb to do sth.
对某人来说做某事很方便。
(2)convenience n. 便利;方便;便利的事物/设施
at one’s convenience 在某人方便时
at your earliest convenience 尽早;尽快
for convenience 为了方便起见
(3)conveniently adv. 方便地;便利地
(4)inconvenience n. 不便;麻烦;困难
inconvenient adj. 不方便的;引起麻烦的;造成困难的
[温馨提示] 表示“对某人来说方便”不能说成sb is convenient,而要说成it is convenient for sb。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] Also, there is a (convenience) app that provides growing data in real time.
②[北师必修三U8] Because of its (convenient) for bicycles, Amsterdam has become very popular with cyclists—an amazing 38% of all trips are made by bike.
(2)完成句子
①[2022·北京卷书面表达] The talk will last about an hour, and you can decide on a date (在你方便的时候). (应用文写作之
邀请信)
②[2020·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达] (如果方便的话), may I pay a visit to your office next Tuesday (应用文写作之求助信)
③I wonder if (我们方便一起讨论) in our classroom tomorrow afternoon. (应用文写作之
邀请信)
④I am awfully sorry for breaking my promise and I (对由此给您带来的不便表示歉意). (应用文写作
之道歉信)
resist v.忍住,按捺;抵抗,抗拒
(1)resist doing sth 反对做某事,拒绝做某事
can’t resist doing sth(=can’t help doing sth)
禁不住做某事
(2)resistant adj. 有抵抗力的;抗拒的
be resistant to 对……有抵抗力;抗拒……的
(3)resistance n. 反抗,抵抗;抵抗力
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①I have a sweet tooth and can’t resist (eat) chocolate and ice cream.
②Elderly people are not always (resist) to change.
③This disease is surprisingly difficult to catch, as most people have a natural (resist) to it.
(2)完成句子
Curiosity got the best of me, and I (禁不住询问) my dad about it. (读后续写之心理描写)
adapt v.(使)适应;改编
(1)adapt (oneself) to… (使自己)适应……
(to为介词)
(2)adapt…from… 根据……改编……
adapt…for… 把……改编成……;
为……改编……
(3)adaptation n. 适应;改编本,改写本
(4)adaptable adj. 能适应的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2020·全国卷Ⅲ] People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to (live) at high altitudes.
②[人教选二U2] Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation, Xie Lei chose to live with a host family, who can help with her (adapt) to the new culture.
(2)完成句子
①[2020·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达] I was wondering if you could help me revise a short play (根据……改编) the classic novel The Old Man and the Sea. (应用文写作之求助信)
②[《傲慢与偏见》] Elizabeth had always been clever, but it was (她适应不同社交场合的能力) that truly set her apart.
in case 以防万一;如果,假设
in case of 万一;如果,假设(其后接名词或动名词)
in any case 无论如何;不管怎样
in no case 在任何情况下都不(用于句首时,句子常用部分倒装语序)
in this case 在这种情况下
in that case 假使那样的话;既然那样
as is often the case 情况常常如此,这是常有的事
【活学活用】
完成句子
①[译林必修三U2] At the same time, Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door, (以防它损坏) during the shaking and could not open.
②There was also a bit worry that he might suffer a blow (万一) a failure, which threw us into a hint of uneasiness. (读后续写之心理
描写)
③He told himself firmly that (在任何情况下他都不能输掉这场重要的比赛). (读后续写之心理
描写)
④ (情况常常如此), something valueless to adults means a lot to children.
end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来
end up doing sth 结果是做某事
end up with… 以……结束(后接表具体事物的名词)
end up in… 以……结束(后接抽象名词或表示地点的名词)
end up as… 最终成为/变成……(后接表示身份、职务的名词)
come to an end 结束
make (both) ends meet
使收支相抵;勉强维持生计
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2024·浙江1月考] He noted that his online students usually end up lower grades.
②[2023·浙江1月考] Often, they’ll end up (fill) the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds.
(2)完成句子
①Life is a journey, and the choices we make today will (最终塑造我们的明天). (读后续写之主题升华句)
②Despite all his efforts, he (以失败告终).
pick up 买,购买;捡起,拿起;用车接,去取;(不费力地)学会,获得;改善,好转;收拾,整理;接收(信号或声音)
pick up bad habits 染上陋习
pick up one’s pace 加快脚步
pick out 选出;辨认出
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义
①[新概念第3册] He picked up what seemed to be the smallest bottle and discreetly (谨慎地) asked the price.
②When you live in a country, you soon pick up the language.
③[人教选一U3] Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them.
④[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.
⑤When is the weather going to pick up It’s been bad for weeks.
⑥[北师选一U3] Well, I’m sorry I have to finish this article, but I’ve got to pick up my daughter from school at 4 pm.
(2)完成句子
①The sky getting dark, I had to (加快脚步). (读后续写之场景+动作描写)
②He quickly (挑选出) the biggest and reddest apple and handed it to Kitty. (读后续
写之动作描写)
③He rushed into the burning house, (抱起哭泣的孩子) and flew out into the yard. (读后续写之动作描写)
● (教材P3) He must have thought I was joking.
他一定觉得我在开玩笑。
must have done sth
句型公式
【句式点拨】
must have done sth表示对过去所发生的事情的肯定推测,意为“一定做过某事”,只用于肯定句中。
【相关拓展】
“情态动词+have done”的推测意义
(1)can have done表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句,意为“可能做过……吗 ”。
(2)can’t/couldn’t have done表示对过去事情的否定推测,意为“不可能做过……”。
(3)may/might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测,意为“可能已经做了”或“也许已经做了”,用于肯定句中。
[温馨提示] 如果表示对现在的事情的推测,情态动词后面要用动词原形。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[新概念第3册] I decided that I must (take) a wrong turning somewhere.
②[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] These scenes may (paint) hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.
(2)完成句子
Judging from her expression, she (一定认为) that I meant ill.
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.A (satisfy) smile flashed on her face, her eyes shining with joy.
2.What comes first on my (recommend) list is the Italian cuisine at the new restaurant downtown, known for its authentic pasta and pizza.
3.Don’t feed wild birds anything (salt), like potato chips, or food that could choke them, like toast.
4.Many people are (addict) to their mobile devices, spending hours scrolling through social media.
5.Her sour mood was a result of the deep (suffer) she had endured during her recent illness.
6.The material used in the (construct) of the building is resistant to fire and can withstand high temperatures.
7.Passengers are reminded to take all their personal (belong) with them when they leave the plane.
8.The movie is an (adapt) of a novel that was originally written in French.
9.The subway officially opened to the public on June 1st, providing a (convenience) and efficient transportation option for residents in this region.
10.The wedding ceremony was a joyous occasion that symbolized the beginning of their (marry).
11.The fashion show showcased the designer’s (origin) creations, each expressing a distinct theme inspired by nature.
12.After hearing the (horror) stories of that abandoned house, I dare not enter it alone at night.
13.The waterways are (incredible) peaceful with a wealth of wildlife and breathtaking scenery.
14.Even though they had (differ) opinions, they were able to reach a compromise that satisfied everyone.
15.Experts believe that a large number of cancer cases in the area are directly (relate) to the new nuclear power station.
16.Some wheat straw can be made into beautiful and eye-catching (function) artworks by craftsmen.
17.As I walked down the street, the aroma (香味) of baked sausage awakened my taste buds, and I couldn’t resist (buy) one.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1.However, we did not mark the route so we (最终) almost missing the sunset entirely.
2.She (购买) some steaks and sauces in the sale yesterday.
3.She recognised the voice (属于) the man who had attacked her.
4.Jenny thinks cooking together gives them a chance to (别后叙谈) on each other’s days.
5.After moving to Seattle, she quickly (开始喜欢) the local customs and traditions, embracing them as part of her daily life.
6.The cozy atmosphere of the new office made her (感觉自在), making it easier for her to identify with the company’s values and culture.
7.The heavy rain made the tree branches swing wildly, which resulted in the bird’s nest falling and the baby birds (遭受) the impact.
8. (养育) by my grandparents in a small village, I was surrounded by nature and grew to love the outdoors.
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1.I suddenly realized my mother the Christmas presents somewhere in her bedroom. (情态动词+have done)
我突然意识到妈妈一定是把圣诞礼物藏在她卧室的某个地方了。
2.There is a delicious homemade meal with my loved ones.
对我来说,没有什么比和我爱的人一起享受美味的家常饭菜更快乐的了。
3.I packed an extra sweater during our hike.
我多带了一件毛衣,以防我们徒步旅行时气温略有下降。
4. , she admitted that she had lied. (分词作状语)
她鼓起勇气,承认自己撒了谎。
●Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.In 1906, an earthquake struck San Francisco with tremendous force and (destroy) much of this city.
2.After the initial excitement, the crowd’s enthusiasm (die) down.
3.They (dig) deeper and deeper but still found nothing.
4.She (dip) into her purse and took out some coins.
5.She walked towards me, (drag) a heavy suitcase through the airport.
6.As the end of the year (draw), people started making plans for the holidays.
7.Finally, my eyes (draw) to a painting on the wall, whose vivid colour captured my attention.
●Ⅱ 构词法规则
构词法 前缀over-表示“过度”等; 前缀 out-表示“向外, 多于”
指出下列黑体词的含义
1.[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places—and even species—that are not well-sampled.
2.[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, and boosts local economies, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions.
3.[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate.
4.So live big and try to let your courage overweigh your fear.
5.[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Jaramillo’s students live in neighbourhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores.
6.[2023·浙江1月考] A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate.
●Ⅲ 熟词生义练
指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义
1.charge
①The hotel will charge you an extra fee if you check out after noon.
②The police decided to charge him with theft after reviewing the evidence.
③His boss asked him to take charge of the office for a few days while she was away.
④She drove the car round the block to charge its batteries.
⑤[2022·北京卷] As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her.
2.claim
①The company claimed that their new product was the most efficient on the market.
②The police said that if no one claims the watch, you can keep it.
③When my bike was stolen, I claimed on my insurance and got ￡150 back.
④Heart disease is the biggest killer, claiming 180,000 lives a year.
3.cloudy
[2023·全国甲卷] Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was perfect.
4.coin
Scientists and computer engineers have coined a new term for the phenomenon: “big data”.
5.colour
①Many women begin colouring their hair in their mid-30s.
②Don’t let your judgement be coloured by personal feelings.
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
假定你是李华,你将接受校报英语专栏“A Bite of My Homeland”的主持人Cindy的访问。请你写一篇向国际部学生介绍中国美食的发言稿。内容包括:
1.介绍一种美食;
2.说明该美食背后的意义;
3.邀请学生来体验美食。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Personally, 1. (在中国菜中,没有什么比饺子更美味的了). 2. (传统上是在春节期间享用的), dumplings have become a daily delight thanks to our improved living standards.
Basically, dumplings feature various fillings wrapped in delicate dough. Their taste varies, 3. (取决于所使用的食材). 4. (形状像) the ancient Chinese currency, yuanbao, they symbolize wealth and prosperity. Moreover, 5. (没有饺子的家庭聚餐是不完整的) during Chinese New Year, as their round shape indicates reunion and family unity.
Preparing dumplings, with 6. (家人们聚在一起), has become a cherished tradition ever since ancient times. It’s evident that 7. (饺子的吸引力是无法仅仅用语言表达的). Fortunately, we’ll soon be holding a welcoming gathering, 8. (在那里你们都可以品尝到这些美味的菜肴). Looking forward to your presence.
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
7.情感细节描写——尴尬与羞愧
【语言素材】
尴尬的 embarrassed/awkward 羞愧地/尴尬地 in/with shame/embarrassment
尴尬 embarrassment/awkwardness 让某人感到羞耻/尴尬的是 to one’s shame/embarrassment
因……而感到羞耻,对……感到惭愧 be ashamed of 羞愧得要死 be struck dead with shame
掩饰某人(内心)的尴尬 hide one’s(inner) embarrassment 难为情得脸红 blush with embarrassment
感到不自在 feel like a fish out of water 令人尴尬的沉默 an awkward silence
使某人下不来台 put sb on the spot
【跟踪演练】
●Ⅰ 单句表达
1. , Jack lowered his head, stepping back to his seat without saying a word.
既羞愧又尴尬,杰克低下头,一言不发地回到座位上。
2.Saying what a bad day, I bent down to pick the books up, .
我一边说这是多么糟糕的一天,一边弯腰把书捡起来,感到很丢脸。
3.I dropped my eyes and stared at my feet, hoping no one would notice .
我垂下眼,盯着自己的脚,希望没人注意到我有多么尴尬。
4. flooding her, she threw herself onto the bed, weeping wildly.
尴尬和失败的感觉充斥着她,她扑到床上,疯狂地哭泣。
5.The boy hung/dropped/lowered/bent/bowed his head , with the colour flooding his cheeks.
男孩羞愧地低下了头,脸变得通红。
6. , I never thanked Mary for her present.
令我羞愧的是,我从未感谢过玛丽送的礼物。
●Ⅱ 语段表达(尴尬与羞愧)
It was Tom’s turn to give a presentation in class. He had practised a little and thought he was ready. However, when he opened his mouth to start, his mind went blank. He stuttered, trying to find the words, but only a few incoherent sounds came out. He 1. (难为情得脸红). “How could this be happening What will they think of me ” Tom’s thoughts were racing in panic. The teacher and classmates were all staring at him. There was 2. (令人尴尬的沉默) and then a few began to whisper. When he imagined all the disappointed faces and the laughter that might follow, 3. (他的手心冒汗). He managed to mumble a few more words, but it was clear he was completely lost. 4. (非常绝望), he wished he could find a crack to hide in. He knew he should have prepared better and 5. (为他的懒惰感到惭愧). Finally, the teacher mercifully asked him to sit down. Tom walked back to his seat 6. (低着头), vowing to himself that he would always be thoroughly prepared in the future, never again allowing such a dreadful scene to happen. Unit 1 Food for thought
(限时:30分钟)
●Ⅰ 阅读理解
A [2024·河北衡水高三二模]
文体:说明文 主题:人与社会 词数:334
There’re plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables available in local markets. But while those red juicy strawberries look fresh, consumers have no way of knowing how long the fruit can be stored at home. The same goes for distribution centres and supermarkets.
Now, the food technology startup OneThird, located in the Netherlands, is looking to change that with an infrared (红外线的) scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last. The startup is named OneThird because one third of food is wasted due to spoilage (变质) every year.
The startup’s founders were inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for food. “I looked at the challenges in the food-supply chain and found out that 40 percent of food waste is fresh produce. One of the biggest causes of waste is that nobody knows shelf life,” founder and CEO of OneThird, Marco Snikkers said.
Quality inspections at farms and distribution centres are done manually (手动地). An inspector checks the fruits and vegetables and makes notes about the size and quality. Then the food is sent to consumers without considering travel time or how long the produce will remain usable.
Using the infrared scanner at the distribution centre means that inspectors can use the information to approve shipments that will ensure the produce can be distributed on a timely basis. This means that a shipment of ripe tomatoes will not be sent long distances away.
OneThird’s scanner combines the technology of optical scanners, image modeling, and artificial intelligence to provide accurate shelf life predictions.
The startup found that the technology can reduce up to 25 percent produce waste that was caused by spoilage. “Global food waste has an enormous environmental impact; reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security,” said Jacob Smith, a climate expert from the University of Maine.
( )1.What problem does OneThird aim to solve
A.The high cost of storing fresh fruits and vegetables.
B.Inefficient quality inspections at distribution centres.
C.Food waste caused by uncertainty about its shelf life.
D.Consumers’ difficulty of judging the freshness of produce.
( )2.What inspired OneThird to come up with the idea of using the infrared scanner
A.The use of the device in another field.
B.Observation of the food-supply chain.
C.Consumer demands for fresher produce.
D.Experts’ advice on food waste reduction.
( )3.What can we learn about the manual quality inspections
A.They are time-consuming and costly.
B.They are not performed at a regular time.
C.The inspectors tend to make wrong judgement.
D.The shipping time is not taken into consideration.
( )4.What’s Jacob’s attitude to OneThird’s effort
A.Approving. B.Doubtful.
C.Tolerant. D.Dismissive.
B [2024·福建泉州高三三模]
文体:说明文 主题:人与自我 词数:335
“Starting from now on, to be healthy, I will NOT eat any snacks besides granola bars (燕麦棒)” is what I told myself yesterday, and yet here I am today chewing a chocolate pie. I’m aware that I’m breaking my own promise to myself. Instead of eating this, I should be working out or something. But the thing is, chocolate is too good at this moment for me to refuse it!
As I type this, I’m experiencing what’s called instant gratification—the desire to experience pleasure or fulfillment without delaying it for a future benefit. Essentially, when you want it, you get it.
Instant gratification is also the exact opposite of what we’re taught to do—delayed gratification: deciding to put off satisfying our current want to gain something better in the future. We’ve all encountered instant gratification before. Should I sleep in or wake up early to work out When I get home, should I rest and watch TV first or get started on my homework
All humans have the tendency to seek pleasure and avoid pain, which is a basic but fundamental concept known as the pleasure principle. Originally coined by Sigmund Freud, it clearly states that all humans are driven, to some extent, by pleasure.
Constantly seeking quick pleasure may bring subsequent troubles. However pleasant not doing your homework may seem right now, it only results in pleasure plagued by guilt and last-minute panicking late at night. Inability to resist instant gratification may result in underachieving in the long term and failure to meet certain goals.
Instant gratification, however, is not necessarily a bad thing. You don’t always have to say no to things you want at that moment, and it’s good to treat yourself when you need it. In other words, times when you “treat yourself” are only valuable in combination with delayed gratification. While my chocolate pie may taste good now, it’ll taste even better if I only eat it after I’ve worked out or done something healthy.
( )5.How does the author introduce the topic
A.By making a contrast.
B.By giving a definition.
C.By citing a personal case.
D.By listing detailed problems.
( )6.Which of the following is an example of instant gratification
A.Purchasing items regardless of budgets.
B.Exercising regularly for long-term health.
C.Limiting time on social media platforms.
D.Finishing homework before watching TV.
( )7.What does the underlined word “plagued” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A.Reminded. B.Highlighted.
C.Introduced. D.Bothered.
( )8.What may the author agree with
A.Delayed gratification is pointless.
B.Instant gratification should be prioritized.
C.Enjoying the moment brings in endless pleasure.
D.Instant treats paired with delayed gratification are sweeter.
●Ⅱ 阅读七选五 [2024·福建福州高三二模]
文体:说明文 主题:人与社会 词数:276
The debate on drinking coffee
on an empty stomach
There’s a popular belief that drinking coffee on an empty stomach can damage the stomach lining (胃黏膜). This article investigates the validity of these claims and explores the broader influences for gut (肠道) health.
1. But some worry this habit could harm their stomachs. Claims on social media suggest that such a practice could lead to various illnesses. However, Kim Barrett, a physiology professor, assures that the stomach is strong, equipped with protective mechanisms like a thick liquid layer that protects it from potential irritants such as coffee.
While substances like alcohol are known to alter the stomach’s defences, research, a 2013 study of over 8,000 participants living in Japan, shows no substantial link between coffee consumption and the development of ulcers (溃疡). 2.
The idea that coffee induces stomach acid production is well-established, which could theoretically lead to heartburn, especially if consumed on an empty stomach. 3. A 2014 review found no connection between coffee and heartburn, whereas a 2020 study indicated a possible increase in heartburn symptoms among habitual coffee drinkers.
If you experience discomfort after drinking coffee, consider cutting down the consumption. 4. That means you drink less coffee in a way. For those who tolerate it well, there’s no need to alter your routine.
While the debate on the impact of drinking coffee on an empty stomach continues, the evidence leans more towards its safety rather than harm. Monitoring personal symptoms and making small adjustments can help individuals enjoy coffee without discomfort. 5. And what works for one person might not for another.
A.Adding some milk can also help.
B.However, studies offer mixed results.
C.Remember, individual responses can vary.
D.Nonetheless, coffee does have an effect on the gut.
E.There’s more evidence for coffee’s benefits than harm.
F.Many people start their day with a cup before eating anything.
G.It suggests that coffee doesn’t harm the stomach lining directly.
●Ⅲ 语法填空
[2024·湖北襄阳第五中学高三适应性测试]
文体:说明文 主题:人与社会 词数:204
Century eggs, known as pidan in China, are a well-known food. The key 1. their popularity lies in their flavour (风味). To boost the deep flavour even further, they’re usually made from duck eggs.
The 2. (old) known record of people making century eggs comes from the Ming Dynasty, most likely originating in Hunan Province, 3. (rough) 500 years ago. The traditional curing process, still used by some modern factories, 4. (be) to create a mixture of black tea, lime, salt, and wood ash. This makes a thick paste (糊), in 5. fresh eggs are wrapped and left for around five months. The 6. (coat) eggs are then wrapped in rice husk (稻壳) before 7. (sell) in markets. On sale, they have a coating around a quarter-inch thickness, giving them an 8. (appear) a little like preserved dinosaur eggs. It’s easy to see how they earned their English name, though the Chinese name of pidan just translates as “preserved egg”.
Like many other foods in the world, this unusual approach 9. (create) as a way to preserve food in the days before household refrigerators. The result is that century eggs have an extremely long shelf life though they probably won’t last for 10. actual century.
A.词汇积累
1.startup n.刚起步的企业,新企业
2.applicable adj.适用的;合适的
3.shipment n.运输;装运;运输的货物
4.fulfillment n.满足,满意;完成,实现
5.subsequent adj.随后的;后来的;之后的
6.inability n.无能;无力;不能
7.underachieve v.未发挥水平;未展现实力
B.熟词生义
1.produce n.农产品 v.生产,制造;生长,繁育;引起,导致
I looked at the challenges in the food-supply chain and found out that 40 percent of food waste is fresh produce.(阅读A, Para.3)
【译文】 我研究了食品供应链面临的挑战,发现 40% 的食品浪费是新鲜农产品。
2.coin v.创造(新词语);造(硬币) n.硬币
Originally coined by Sigmund Freud, it clearly states that all humans are driven, to some extent, by pleasure.(阅读B, Para.4)
【译文】 它最初是由Sigmund Freud创造的,它清楚地表明,在某种程度上,所有人都受到快乐的驱使。
C.长难句分析
Using the infrared scanner at the distribution centre means that inspectors can use the information to approve shipments that will ensure the produce can be distributed on a timely basis.(阅读A, Para.5)
【分析】 using the infrared scanner at the distribution centre是动名词短语作主语;第一个that引导宾语从句,作means的宾语;第二个that引导定语从句,修饰先行词shipments。
【译文】 在配送中心使用红外线扫描仪意味着检查员可以利用这些信息来批准装运计划,确保农产品能够及时分配。(共140张PPT)
Unit 1 Food for thought
语境词汇串记
考点互动探究
当堂过关检测
语言素养提升
写作素养提升
作业手册
答案速查【听】
答案速查【作】
I am living in a multi-cultural family with a Chinese mother
and a British father. Despite many years of 1._________(marry),
they still differ greatly in 2.______ they eat. My mother loves
spicy dishes, and hot pot is her favourite while my father prefers
to try all sorts of strange foods such as black pudding, stinky
tofu and blue cheese. These snacks look 3.________(horror), but
once you gather your courage and take 4.___ bite of them, just
as my father puts it, they taste super!
marriage
what
horrible
a
My mother is a good cook. In her opinion, an ideal diet
5._________(make) up of fresh ingredients. She goes to the
butcher's, picks up fresh chicken breast and cooks homemade
food every day. Mum adapts her recipes 6.____ individual
tastes. She has ended up writing a recipe book, which is highly
recommended by some chefs in their blogs.
is made
to
My father doesn't know many cooking tricks, so Mum often
gives him tips. It is typical of him 7._________(cook) a “full
English breakfast” of bacon, sausages and toast with butter.
For dinner, he often prepares very tender steak 8.___________ is
slightly pink inside. And it comes with an
9.__________(incredible) tasty sauce. After dinner, he usually
gets us a creamy cheesecake from the bakery.
to cook
that/which
incredibly
Despite all these differences, we all like the family custom
where we sit around the kitchen table, 10._________(catch) up
on each other's life, with a yogurt with honey on the china
plate. I hope someday I can cook a good meal for my parents.
catching
1 typical adj.典型的,有代表性的;特有的
(1)be typical of sth 具有……的典型特征;是典型的……
It is typical of sb to do sth.做某事是某人的特点。
(2)typically adv. 通常,一般;典型地;有代表性地;向来
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It is typical of John _________(think) about helping others in
this way.
to think
②[2024·北京卷] _________(typical), cruelty and cheating are
discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are
praised.
Typically
(2)完成句子
As a carrier of culture, jiaozi ____________(是典型的……)
traditional Chinese cuisine culture. (应用文写作话题之中国文化)
is typical of
2 suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦;变差,变糟
(1)suffer from 患(某种病);受(某种病痛)折磨
(2)suffering n.［U］ (身体或精神上)疼痛;苦难;
［pl.］ 苦恼;痛苦
(3)sufferer n. 受苦者;患者
［温馨提示］ (1)suffer用作及物动词时,表示“遭受;蒙受”,其后常跟
pain/loss/punishment/hardship/defeat/poverty等名词作宾语。
(2)suffer用作不及物动词时,常与介词from连用,意为“受……折磨/之苦,
患……病”,其后的名词多表示非常具体的不幸或痛苦,如:suffer from
a bad cold/headaches/trouble/overwork/floods/droughts/a natural
disaster。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①［人教选二U2］ Some may struggle and suffer ______ culture
shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.
from
②［2024·新课标Ⅰ卷］ After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale
says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber's
treatments eased her dog's _________(suffer) so much that she
was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.
suffering
(2)熟词生义
［译林必修三U4］ They worked day and night and their health
began to suffer because of the poor conditions, but they never
gave up. __________
变差,变糟
(3)完成句子
①Disturbed to see you _______________________(遭受如此巨大
的损失), I am eager to do something for you. (应用文写作之慰
问信)
suffer such a great loss
②The baby deer obviously ______________ heavy loss of water
and heat exhaustion, lifted its head with great effort to lap up
the water cupped in my son's hand. (读后续写之动作描写)
suffering from
3 addict n.对……入迷的人
(1)addicted adj. 上瘾的;入迷的
be addicted to (doing) sth 对(做)……上瘾/入迷
(2)addictive adj. (药物等)使人上瘾的
(3)addiction n. 嗜好;上瘾
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①［译林选二U4］ Treatments of anxiety and drug
__________(addict) are other valuable and cost-effective
applications of VR.
addiction
②You can always see young people and even adults
_________(addict) to the computer games.
③He grew hopelessly addicted to _________(chat) online, to
such an extent that he almost neglected anything else.
④As ___ ski addict, he didn't want to miss this perfect skiing
chance.
addicted
chatting
a
(2)句式改写
He was desperately addicted to poetry and hoped one day to
be a poet himself.
→_______________________ poetry, he hoped one day to be a
poet himself. (用分词改写)
Desperately addicted to
4 recommend v.推荐;建议
(1)recommend sth to sb 向某人推荐某物
recommend sb as 推荐某人担任/做……
recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
recommend doing… 建议做……
recommend that sb (should) do…建议……(从句用虚拟语气)
It's strongly/highly recommended that sb (should) do…
(人们)强烈建议……
(2)recommendation n. 正式建议;推荐;推荐信;求职介绍信
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①I recommend you _________(think) very carefully before you
make any decision.
②I recommended ________(buy) an English-Chinese dictionary,
which I thought would be of great help to his studies.
③Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye examination
__________________(take) at the age of six months.
to think
buying
(should) be taken
(2)完成句子
①[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷应用文写作] The interview will last forty
minutes, during which time you are expected _________________
________________(给我们一些建议) on how to reduce stress.
(应用文写作之邀请信)
to give us some recommendations
②[2021·浙江6月考应用文写作] Hence, ________________________
___________________________________________________________
(强烈建议每个人都去欣赏这个展览). (应用文写作之宣传稿)
it is strongly/highly recommended that everyone (should) go to enjoy the exhibition
③In response to your e-mail inquiring about a good read,
_____________________ Journey to the West ________
(我强烈地向你推荐), which is one of the four great classical
novels of Chinese literature. (应用文写作之推荐信)
I strongly recommend
to you
5 belong v.属于;应在(某处)
(1)belong to 属于;是……的成员;应归入
(2)a sense of belonging 归属感
(3)belongings n. 财物
［温馨提示］ belong to没有被动语态,也不能用于进行时;to为介词,
后接名词或代词。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Please take away everything __________(belong) to you before
you leave.
belonging
②［人教选三U4］ We were not allowed to take most of our
personal ___________(belong), and Shackleton himself threw
away all his gold.
belongings
(2)完成句子
①The future _______________________________________________
___________(属于那些相信梦想之美的人). (读后续写之主题升华句)
belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams
②The reason why I complained in front of the girls was that I
wanted to fit in, ____________________________(有一种归属感) in
the group. (读后续写之心理描写)
having a sense of belonging
6 satisfying adj.令人满足的,令人满意的
(1)satisfy v. (使)满足;使满意
satisfy one's needs/desires/curiosity
满足某人的需要/愿望/好奇心
(2)satisfied adj. 满足的;满意的
be satisfied with(=be pleased/content with) 对……感到满意
(3)satisfaction n. 满足;满意
with satisfaction 满意地
to one's satisfaction 令某人感到满意的是
a sense of satisfaction 满足感
(4)satisfactory adj. 令人满意的;够好的;可以的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①［《小妇人》］ After years of hard work and dedication, she
looked at her completed masterpiece with a _________(satisfy)
smile.
satisfied
②It is ____________________(satisfy) in life to make one friend,
more than enough to make two friends and rare to make three
friends.
satisfying/satisfactory
(2)完成句子
①I am confident that Dad must _____________________________
____(对……感到满意) such a special present!
be satisfied/pleased/content with
②He finally achieved his lifelong dream, and _________________
__________(一种深深的满足感) washed over him. (读后续写之情
感描写)
a deep sense of satisfaction
7 convenient adj.方便的,便利的
(1)be convenient for sb 对某人来说方便
It is/was convenient for sb to do sth.
对某人来说做某事很方便。
(2)convenience n. 便利;方便;便利的事物/设施
at one's convenience 在某人方便时
at your earliest convenience 尽早;尽快
for convenience 为了方便起见
(3)conveniently adv. 方便地;便利地
(4)inconvenience n. 不便;麻烦;困难
inconvenient adj. 不方便的;引起麻烦的;造成困难的
［温馨提示］ 表示“对某人来说方便”不能说成sb is convenient,而要
说成it is convenient for sb。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①［2024·新课标Ⅱ卷］ Also, there is a ___________(convenience)
app that provides growing data in real time.
convenient
②［北师必修三U8］ Because of its ____________(convenient) for
bicycles, Amsterdam has become very popular with cyclists—an
amazing 38% of all trips are made by bike.
convenience
(2)完成句子
①[2022·北京卷书面表达] The talk will last about an hour, and
you can decide on a date ____________________(在你方便的时
候). (应用文写作之邀请信)
at your convenience
②[2020·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达] __________________(如果方便的话),
may I pay a visit to your office next Tuesday (应用文写作之求
助信)
If (it's) convenient
③I wonder if ______________________________________________
________(我们方便一起讨论) in our classroom tomorrow
afternoon. (应用文写作之邀请信)
it's convenient for us to have a discussion together
④I am awfully sorry for breaking my promise and I
______________________________________________(对由此给您带
来的不便表示歉意). (应用文写作之道歉信)
apologise for any inconvenience it brings to you
8 resist v.忍住,按捺;抵抗,抗拒
(1)resist doing sth 反对做某事,拒绝做某事
can't resist doing sth(=can't help doing sth)
禁不住做某事
(2)resistant adj. 有抵抗力的；抗拒的
be resistant to 对……有抵抗力；抗拒……的
(3)resistance n. 反抗,抵抗；抵抗力
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①I have a sweet tooth and can't resist _______(eat) chocolate
and ice cream.
②Elderly people are not always _________(resist) to change.
③This disease is surprisingly difficult to catch, as most people
have a natural __________(resist) to it.
eating
resistant
resistance
(2)完成句子
Curiosity got the best of me, and I ________________________
(禁不住询问) my dad about it.
(读后续写之心理描写)
couldn't resist/help asking
9 adapt v.(使)适应;改编
(1)adapt (oneself) to… (使自己)适应……(to为介词)
(2)adapt…from… 根据……改编……
adapt…for… 把……改编成……;为……改编……
(3)adaptation n. 适应;改编本,改写本
(4)adaptable adj. 能适应的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2020·全国卷Ⅲ] People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted
to ______(live) at high altitudes.
living
②[人教选二U2] Although some foreign students live in campus
accommodation, Xie Lei chose to live with a host family, who
can help with her ___________(adapt) to the new culture.
adaptation
(2)完成句子
①［2020·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达］ I was wondering if you could help
me revise a short play ______________(根据……改编) the classic
novel The Old Man and the Sea. (应用文写作之求助信)
adapted from
②［《傲慢与偏见》］ Elizabeth had always been clever, but it
was _____________________________________________
(她适应不同社交场合的能力) that truly set her apart.
her ability to adapt to different social situations
1 in case 以防万一;如果,假设
in case of 万一;如果,假设(其后接名词或动名词)
in any case 无论如何;不管怎样
in no case 在任何情况下都不(用于句首时,句子常用部分倒装语序)
in this case 在这种情况下
in that case 假使那样的话;既然那样
as is often the case情况常常如此,这是常有的事
【活学活用】
完成句子
①［译林必修三U2］ At the same time, Miss Brown quickly
opened the classroom door, _______________________________
(以防它损坏) during the shaking and could not open.
②There was also a bit worry that he might suffer a blow
___________(万一) a failure, which threw us into a hint of
uneasiness. (读后续写之心理描写)
in case it became/was damaged
in case of
③He told himself firmly that ________________________________
_______________(在任何情况下他都不能输掉这场重要的比赛).
(读后续写之心理描写)
④____________________(情况常常如此), something valueless to
adults means a lot to children.
in no case could he lose this important match
As is often the case
2 end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来
end up doing sth 结果是做某事
end up with… 以……结束(后接表具体事物的名词)
end up in… 以……结束(后接抽象名词或表示地点的名词)
end up as… 最终成为/变成……(后接表示身份、职务的名词)
come to an end 结束
make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵;勉强维持生计
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2024·浙江1月考] He noted that his online students usually
end up _____ lower grades.
②[2023·浙江1月考] Often, they'll end up ______(fill) the area
with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds.
with
filling
(2)完成句子
①Life is a journey, and the choices we make today will
_____________________________(最终塑造我们的明天).
(读后续写之主题升华句)
end up shaping our tomorrow
②Despite all his efforts, he ___________________(以失败告终).
ended up in failure
3 pick up 买,购买;捡起,拿起;用车接,去取;(不费力地)学会,获得;改善,
好转;收拾,整理;接收(信号或声音)
pick up bad habits 染上陋习
pick up one's pace 加快脚步
pick out 选出;辨认出
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义
①［新概念第3册］ He picked up what seemed to be the
smallest bottle and discreetly (谨慎地) asked the price. ______
②When you live in a country, you soon pick up the language.
_______________________
③［人教选一U3］ Since reindeer were always on the move, the
Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them. ______
拿起
(通过观察或聆听而)学会
收拾
④[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] On our first morning in Paris, I went
around the corner to the food market to pick up some
groceries. ________
买,购买
⑤When is the weather going to pick up It's been bad for
weeks. ______
好转
⑥［北师选一U3］ Well, I'm sorry I have to finish this article,
but I've got to pick up my daughter from school at 4 pm.
________
用车接
(2)完成句子
①The sky getting dark, I had to _________________(加快脚步).
(读后续写之场景+动作描写)
②He quickly ___________(挑选出) the biggest and reddest apple
and handed it to Kitty. (读后续写之动作描写)
pick up my pace
picked out
③He rushed into the burning house, ________________________
_____(抱起哭泣的孩子) and flew out into the yard. (读后续写之
动作描写)
picked up the crying child
(教材P3) He must have thought I was joking.
他一定觉得我在开玩笑。
句型公式
must have done sth
【句式点拨】
must have done sth表示对过去所发生的事情的肯定推测,意为“一定
做过某事”,只用于肯定句中。
【相关拓展】
“情态动词+have done”的推测意义
(1)can have done表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句,意为“可能做
过……吗 ”。
(2)can't/couldn't have done表示对过去事情的否定推测,意为“不可
能做过……”。
(3)may/might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测,意为“可能已经
做了”或“也许已经做了”,用于肯定句中。
［温馨提示］ 如果表示对现在的事情的推测,情态动词后面要用动词
原形。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①［新概念第3册］ I decided that I must ___________(take) a
wrong turning somewhere.
have taken
②[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] These scenes may
___________________(paint) hundreds of years ago, but they
record moments we can all relate to.
have been painted
(2)完成句子
Judging from her expression, she ___________________(一定认为)
that I meant ill.
must have thought
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.A _________(satisfy) smile flashed on her face, her eyes
shining with joy.
satisfied
2.What comes first on my ________________(recommend) list is
the Italian cuisine at the new restaurant downtown, known for
its authentic pasta and pizza.
recommendation
3.Don't feed wild birds anything ______(salt), like potato chips,
or food that could choke them, like toast.
salty
4.Many people are _________(addict) to their mobile devices,
spending hours scrolling through social media.
5.Her sour mood was a result of the deep _________(suffer) she
had endured during her recent illness.
6.The material used in the ____________(construct) of the
building is resistant to fire and can withstand high temperatures.
7.Passengers are reminded to take all their personal
___________(belong) with them when they leave the plane.
addicted
suffering
construction
belongings
8.The movie is an ___________(adapt) of a novel that was
originally written in French.
adaptation
9.The subway officially opened to the public on June 1st,
providing a ___________(convenience) and efficient transportation
option for residents in this region.
convenient
10.The wedding ceremony was a joyous occasion that
symbolized the beginning of their _________(marry).
marriage
11.The fashion show showcased the designer's ________(origin)
creations, each expressing a distinct theme inspired by nature.
12.After hearing the ________(horror) stories of that abandoned
house, I dare not enter it alone at night.
13.The waterways are __________(incredible) peaceful with a
wealth of wildlife and breathtaking scenery.
original
horrible
incredibly
14.Even though they had _________(differ) opinions, they were
able to reach a compromise that satisfied everyone.
different
15.Experts believe that a large number of cancer cases in the
area are directly ________(relate) to the new nuclear power
station.
related
16.Some wheat straw can be made into beautiful and eye-
catching __________(function) artworks by craftsmen.
functional
17.As I walked down the street, the aroma (香味) of baked
sausage awakened my taste buds, and I couldn't resist
________(buy) one.
buying
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.However, we did not mark the route so we __________(最终)
almost missing the sunset entirely.
2.She ___________(购买) some steaks and sauces in the sale
yesterday.
3.She recognised the voice _____________(属于) the man who
had attacked her.
ended up
picked up
belonging to
4.Jenny thinks cooking together gives them a chance to
__________(别后叙谈) on each other's days.
catch up
5.After moving to Seattle, she quickly ________(开始喜欢) the
local customs and traditions, embracing them as part of her
daily life.
took to
6.The cozy atmosphere of the new office made her
_____________(感觉自在), making it easier for her to identify
with the company's values and culture.
feel at home
7.The heavy rain made the tree branches swing wildly, which
resulted in the bird's nest falling and the baby birds
______________(遭受) the impact.
suffering from
8.____________(养育) by my grandparents in a small village, I
was surrounded by nature and grew to love the outdoors.
Brought up
Ⅲ 句型训练
1.I suddenly realized my mother __________________ the
Christmas presents somewhere in her bedroom. (情态动词+have
done)
我突然意识到妈妈一定是把圣诞礼物藏在她卧室的某个地方了。
must have hidden
2.There is ____________________________________ a delicious
homemade meal with my loved ones.
对我来说，没有什么比和我爱的人一起享受美味的家常饭菜更快乐
的了。
nothing happier to me than enjoying
3.I packed an extra sweater _________________________________
______ during our hike.
我多带了一件毛衣，以防我们徒步旅行时气温略有下降。
in case the temperature dropped slightly
4.______________________, she admitted that she had lied.
(分词作状语)
她鼓起勇气,承认自己撒了谎。
Gathering her courage
Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.In 1906, an earthquake struck San Francisco with tremendous
force and __________(destroy) much of this city.
2.After the initial excitement, the crowd's enthusiasm ______(die)
down.
3.They _____(dig) deeper and deeper but still found nothing.
4.She ________(dip) into her purse and took out some coins.
destroyed
died
dug
dipped
5.She walked towards me， __________(drag) a heavy suitcase
through the airport.
6.As the end of the year ______(draw), people started making
plans for the holidays.
7.Finally, my eyes ____________(draw) to a painting on the
wall,whose vivid colour captured my attention.
dragging
drew
were drawn
Ⅱ 构词法规则
构词法 前缀over-表示“过度”等;
前缀 out-表示“向外, 多于”
指出下列黑体词的含义
1.［2024·新课标Ⅰ卷］ Biodiversity apps can use our study
results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to
places—and even species—that are not well-sampled.
____________
过度采样的
2.［2024·新课标Ⅱ卷］ Travel promotes understanding, expands
our minds, and boosts local economies, but the rapid growth of
travel has led to overtourism in certain regions. __________
过度旅游
3.[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Some people will tend to overestimate,
and some to underestimate.______
4.So live big and try to let your courage overweigh your fear.
__________
高估
重于,胜过
5.[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Jaramillo's students live in
neighbourhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy
to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores.
_______________
(在数量上)压倒
6.[2023·浙江1月考] A machine can now not only beat you at
chess, it can also outperform you in debate. __________
战胜,胜过
Ⅲ 熟词生义练
指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义
1.charge
①The hotel will charge you an extra fee if you check out after
noon. ______
②The police decided to charge him with theft after reviewing
the evidence. ______
收费
控告
③His boss asked him to take charge of the office for a few
days while she was away. ______
④She drove the car round the block to charge its batteries.
___________
⑤[2022·北京卷] As Helen walked on, she heard a man
charging towards her. _______________
掌管
给……充电
向……方向冲去
2.claim
①The company claimed that their new product was the most
efficient on the market. __________
②The police said that if no one claims the watch, you can
keep it. ______
③When my bike was stolen, I claimed on my insurance and
got ￡150 back. ______
④Heart disease is the biggest killer, claiming 180,000 lives a
year. ___________
声称;宣称
认领
索赔
夺去(生命)
3.cloudy
[2023·全国甲卷] Mario's wine may have been cloudy and come
out of an old bottle, but it was perfect. ________
浑浊的
4.coin
Scientists and computer engineers have coined a new term for
the phenomenon: “big data”. _____________
创造(新词语)
5.colour
①Many women begin colouring their hair in their mid-30s.
______
②Don't let your judgement be coloured by personal feelings.
_________________
染色
(尤指负面地)影响
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
假定你是李华,你将接受校报英语专栏“A Bite of My Homeland”
的主持人Cindy的访问。请你写一篇向国际部学生介绍中国美食的发
言稿。内容包括:
1.介绍一种美食;
2.说明该美食背后的意义;
3.邀请学生来体验美食。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
Personally, 1.___________________________________________
_____________________(在中国菜中，没有什么比饺子更美味的了).
2.____________________________________________(传统上是在春
节期间享用的), dumplings have become a daily delight thanks to
our improved living standards.
there's nothing more delicious than dumplings in Chinese cuisine
Traditionally enjoyed during the Spring Festival
Basically, dumplings feature various fillings wrapped in
delicate dough. Their taste varies, 3.__________________________
_______________(取决于所使用的食材). 4.____________(形状像)
the ancient Chinese currency, yuanbao, they symbolize wealth
and prosperity. Moreover, 5._________________________________
___________(没有饺子的家庭聚餐是不完整的) during Chinese New
Year, as their round shape indicates reunion and family unity.
depending on the ingredients used
Shaped like
no family meal is complete without dumplings
Preparing dumplings,with 6._________________________
(家人们聚在一起), has become a cherished tradition ever since
ancient times. It's evident that 7._____________________________
___________________(饺子的吸引力是无法仅仅用语言表达的).
Fortunately, we'll soon be holding a welcoming gathering,
8._____________________________________________(在那里你们都
可以品尝到这些美味的菜肴). Looking forward to your presence.
families gathering around
the appeal of dumplings is beyond mere words
where you can all taste these wonderful dishes
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
7.情感细节描写——尴尬与羞愧
【语言素材】
尴尬的 embarrassed/awk ward 羞愧地/尴尬地 in/with
shame/embarrass
ment
尴尬 embarrassment/a wkwardness 让某人感到羞 耻/尴尬的是 to one's
shame/embarrass
ment
因……而感到羞耻, 对……感到惭愧 be ashamed of 羞愧得要死 be struck
dead with
shame
掩饰某人(内心)的 尴尬 hide one's(inner) embarrassment 难为情得脸红 blush with
embarrassme
nt
感到不自在 feel like a fish out of water 令人尴尬的 沉默 an awkward
silence
使某人下不来台 put sb on the spot
续表
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ单句表达
1.__________________________, Jack lowered his head, stepping
back to his seat without saying a word.
既羞愧又尴尬,杰克低下头,一言不发地回到座位上。
Ashamed and embarrassed
2.Saying what a bad day, I bent down to pick the books up,
_________________________.
我一边说这是多么糟糕的一天,一边弯腰把书捡起来,感到很丢脸。
feeling ashamed of myself
3.I dropped my eyes and stared at my feet, hoping no one
would notice _______________________________.
我垂下眼,盯着自己的脚,希望没人注意到我有多么尴尬。
how embarrassed/awkward I was
4._______________________________________ flooding her, she
threw herself onto the bed, weeping wildly.
尴尬和失败的感觉充斥着她,她扑到床上,疯狂地哭泣。
Embarrassment and the feeling of failure
5.The boy hung/dropped/lowered/bent/bowed his head
____________________________, with the colour flooding his
cheeks.
男孩羞愧地低下了头,脸变得通红。
in/with shame/embarrassment
6.______________, I never thanked Mary for her present.
令我羞愧的是,我从未感谢过玛丽送的礼物。
To my shame
Ⅱ 语段表达(尴尬与羞愧)
It was Tom's turn to give a presentation in class. He had
practised a little and thought he was ready. However, when he
opened his mouth to start, his mind went blank. He stuttered,
trying to find the words, but only a few incoherent sounds
came out. He 1.___________________________(难为情得脸红).
“How could this be happening What will they think of me ”
Tom's thoughts were racing in panic. The teacher and
classmates were all staring at him. There was 2._______________
______(令人尴尬的沉默) and then a few began to whisper.
blushed with embarrassment
an awkward silence
When he imagined all the disappointed faces and the laughter
that might follow, 3._________________________(他的手心冒汗).
He managed to mumble a few more words, but it was clear he
was completely lost. 4._____________________________(非常绝望),
he wished he could find a crack to hide in. He knew he should
have prepared better and 5.___________________________
(为他的懒惰感到惭愧). Finally, the teacher mercifully asked him
to sit down. Tom walked back to his seat 6.__________________
_____(低着头), vowing to himself that he would always be
thoroughly prepared in the future, never again allowing such a
dreadful scene to happen.
his hands became sweaty
Overwhelmed by hopelessness
was ashamed of his laziness
with his head down
作 业 手 册
(限时：30分钟)
Ⅰ 阅读理解
A[2024·河北衡水高三二模]
文体：说明文 主题：人与社会 词数：334
There're plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables available in
local markets. But while those red juicy strawberries look fresh,
consumers have no way of knowing how long the fruit can be
stored at home. The same goes for distribution centres and
supermarkets.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Now, the food technology startup OneThird, located in the
Netherlands, is looking to change that with an infrared
(红外线的) scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh
fruits and vegetables will last. The startup is named OneThird
because one third of food is wasted due to spoilage (变质)
every year.
The startup's founders were inspired by a UK company that
uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to
see if it was applicable for food.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
“I looked at the challenges in the food-supply chain and found
out that 40 percent of food waste is fresh produce. One of the
biggest causes of waste is that nobody knows shelf life,”
founder and CEO of OneThird, Marco Snikkers said.
Quality inspections at farms and distribution centres are
done manually (手动地). An inspector checks the fruits and
vegetables and makes notes about the size and quality. Then
the food is sent to consumers without considering travel time or
how long the produce will remain usable.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Using the infrared scanner at the distribution centre means
that inspectors can use the information to approve shipments
that will ensure the produce can be distributed on a timely
basis. This means that a shipment of ripe tomatoes will not be
sent long distances away.
OneThird's scanner combines the technology of optical
scanners, image modeling, and artificial intelligence to provide
accurate shelf life predictions.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
The startup found that the technology can reduce up to 25
percent produce waste that was caused by spoilage. “Global
food waste has an enormous environmental impact; reducing
global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and
promotes global food security,” said Jacob Smith, a climate
expert from the University of Maine.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食品科技初创公
司OneThird通过红外线扫描仪准确预测新鲜水果和蔬菜的保质期。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )1.What problem does OneThird aim to solve
A.The high cost of storing fresh fruits and vegetables.
B.Inefficient quality inspections at distribution centres.
C.Food waste caused by uncertainty about its shelf life.
D.Consumers' difficulty of judging the freshness of produce.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段“Now, the food technology
startup OneThird, located in the Netherlands, is looking to
change that with an infrared (红外线的) scanner that can
accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last.
The startup is named OneThird because one third of food is
wasted due to spoilage (变质) every year.”可知，OneThird旨在解
决由于不确定食物的保质期而造成的食物浪费。故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )2.What inspired OneThird to come up with the idea of
using the infrared scanner
A.The use of the device in another field.
B.Observation of the food-supply chain.
C.Consumer demands for fresher produce.
D.Experts' advice on food waste reduction.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段“The startup's founders were
inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in
the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for
food.”可知，该设备在其他领域的使用激发了OneThird使用红外线扫
描仪的想法。故选A。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )3.What can we learn about the manual quality inspections
A.They are time-consuming and costly.
B.They are not performed at a regular time.
C.The inspectors tend to make wrong judgement.
D.The shipping time is not taken into consideration.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第四段“Then the food is sent to
consumers without considering travel time or how long the
produce will remain usable.”可知，在人工质量检验中，运输时间
没有考虑在内。故选D。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )4.What's Jacob's attitude to OneThird's effort
A.Approving. B.Doubtful. C.Tolerant. D.Dismissive.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Global food waste has an
enormous environmental impact; reducing global food waste cuts
global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food
security,’ said Jacob Smith, a climate expert from the University
of Maine.”可知，Jacob对OneThird的努力持支持态度。故选A。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
B[2024·福建泉州高三三模]
文体:说明文 主题:人与自我 词数:335
“Starting from now on, to be healthy, I will NOT eat any
snacks besides granola bars (燕麦棒)” is what I told myself
yesterday, and yet here I am today chewing a chocolate pie. I'm
aware that I'm breaking my own promise to myself. Instead of
eating this, I should be working out or something. But the thing
is, chocolate is too good at this moment for me to refuse it!
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
As I type this, I'm experiencing what's called instant
gratification—the desire to experience pleasure or fulfillment
without delaying it for a future benefit. Essentially, when you
want it, you get it.
Instant gratification is also the exact opposite of what we're
taught to do—delayed gratification: deciding to put off satisfying
our current want to gain something better in the future. We've
all encountered instant gratification before. Should I sleep in or
wake up early to work out When I get home, should I rest
and watch TV first or get started on my homework
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
All humans have the tendency to seek pleasure and avoid
pain, which is a basic but fundamental concept known as the
pleasure principle. Originally coined by Sigmund Freud, it clearly
states that all humans are driven, to some extent, by pleasure.
Constantly seeking quick pleasure may bring subsequent
troubles. However pleasant not doing your homework may seem
right now, it only results in pleasure plagued by guilt and last-
minute panicking late at night. Inability to resist instant
gratification may result in underachieving in the long term and
failure to meet certain goals.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Instant gratification, however, is not necessarily a bad thing.
You don't always have to say no to things you want at that
moment, and it's good to treat yourself when you need it. In
other words, times when you “treat yourself” are only valuable
in combination with delayed gratification. While my chocolate
pie may taste good now, it'll taste even better if I only eat it
after I've worked out or done something healthy.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过作者违背健康饮食计划的
例子引入即时满足的概念，对比了即时满足与延迟满足，指出即时满
足虽带来短期快乐，但可能有负面后果，与延迟满足结合更为可取。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )5.How does the author introduce the topic
A.By making a contrast.
B.By giving a definition.
C.By citing a personal case.
D.By listing detailed problems.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“‘Starting from now on, to
be healthy, I will NOT eat any snacks besides granola bars
(燕麦棒)’ is what I told myself yesterday, and yet here I am
today chewing a chocolate pie. I'm aware that I'm breaking my
own promise to myself. Instead of eating this, I should be
working out or something. But the thing is, chocolate is too
good at this moment for me to refuse it!”和第二段“As I type
this, I'm experiencing what's called instant gratification—the
desire to experience pleasure or fulfillment without delaying it
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
for a future benefit. Essentially, when you want it, you get it.”可
推知，作者通过讲述自己决定只吃燕麦棒来保持健康，但第二天却
违背了这个决定而吃了chocolate pie的个人经历来引入关于即时满
足的话题。故选C项。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )6.Which of the following is an example of instant
gratification
A.Purchasing items regardless of budgets.
B.Exercising regularly for long-term health.
C.Limiting time on social media platforms.
D.Finishing homework before watching TV.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As I type this, I'm
experiencing what's called instant gratification—the desire to
experience pleasure or fulfillment without delaying it for a future
benefit. Essentially, when you want it, you get it.”可推知，即时满
足的一个例子是不顾预算购买物品，因为它体现了立即追求快乐或
满足而不考虑未来后果的行为。故选A项。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )7.What does the underlined word “plagued” in Paragraph
5 probably mean
A.Reminded. B.Highlighted. C.Introduced. D.Bothered.
[解析] 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Constantly seeking quick
pleasure may bring subsequent troubles. However not doing
your homework may seem pleasant right now, it only results in
pleasure…”及下文guilt and last-minute panicking late at night可
知，此处指受内疚和最后一刻的慌乱困扰的快乐，因此plagued的意
思为“困扰，折磨”。故选D项。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )8.What may the author agree with
A.Delayed gratification is pointless.
B.Instant gratification should be prioritized.
C.Enjoying the moment brings in endless pleasure.
D.Instant treats paired with delayed gratification are sweeter.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Instant gratification,
however, is not necessarily a bad thing. You don't always have
to say no to things you want at that moment, and it's good to
treat yourself when you need it. In other words, times when
you ‘treat yourself’ are only valuable in combination with
delayed gratification. While my chocolate pie may taste good
now, it'll taste even better if I only eat it after I've worked out
or done something healthy.”可知，作者认为虽然即时满足不是坏
事，但最好与延迟满足结合使用，例如在完成锻炼或做了有益健康
的事情之后再享受chocolate pie感觉会更好。由此推知，作者可能
赞同即时享受与延迟满足相结合会更好这一说法。故选D项。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅱ 阅读七选五［2024·福建福州高三二模］
文体：说明文 主题：人与社会 词数：276
The debate on drinking coffee
on an empty stomach
There's a popular belief that drinking coffee on an empty
stomach can damage the stomach lining (胃黏膜). This article
investigates the validity of these claims and explores the broader
influences for gut (肠道) health.
1
2
3
4
5
1.___ But some worry this habit could harm their stomachs.
Claims on social media suggest that such a practice could lead
to various illnesses. However, Kim Barrett, a physiology professor,
assures that the stomach is strong, equipped with protective
mechanisms like a thick liquid layer that protects it from
potential irritants such as coffee.
While substances like alcohol are known to alter the
stomach's defences, research, a 2013 study of over 8,000
participants living in Japan, shows no substantial link between
F
1
2
3
4
5
coffee consumption and the development of ulcers (溃疡). 2.___
The idea that coffee induces stomach acid production is
well-established, which could theoretically lead to heartburn,
especially if consumed on an empty stomach. 3.___ A 2014
review found no connection between coffee and heartburn,
whereas a 2020 study indicated a possible increase in heartburn
symptoms among habitual coffee drinkers.
If you experience discomfort after drinking coffee, consider
cutting down the consumption. 4.___ That means you drink less
G
B
A
1
2
3
4
5
coffee in a way. For those who tolerate it well, there's no need
to alter your routine.
While the debate on the impact of drinking coffee on an
empty stomach continues, the evidence leans more towards its
safety rather than harm. Monitoring personal symptoms and
making small adjustments can help individuals enjoy coffee
without discomfort. 5.___ And what works for one person might
not for another.
A.Adding some milk can also help.
C
1
2
3
4
5
B.However, studies offer mixed results.
C.Remember, individual responses can vary.
D.Nonetheless, coffee does have an effect on the gut.
E.There's more evidence for coffee's benefits than harm.
F.Many people start their day with a cup before eating anything.
G.It suggests that coffee doesn't harm the stomach lining
directly.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文探讨了空腹喝咖啡对胃黏膜
有害这一说法的正确性，并探索了其对肠道健康的更广泛的影响。
1
2
3
4
5
1.___
F
[解析] 根据空后“But some worry this habit could harm their
stomachs.”和coffee可知，空处应提及喝咖啡的习惯。F项
(许多人在吃饭前都会喝上一杯咖啡来开始新的一天。)符合语境。故
选F。
1
2
3
4
5
2.___
G
[解析] 根据空前“While substances like alcohol are known to alter
the stomach's defences, research, a 2013 study of over 8,000
participants living in Japan, shows no substantial link between
coffee consumption and the development of ulcers (溃疡).”可知，
前面提到咖啡和溃疡没有联系，不会直接导致胃黏膜损害。G项
(这表明咖啡不会直接损害胃黏膜。)符合语境。故选G。
1
2
3
4
5
3.___
B
[解析] 上文“The idea that coffee induces stomach acid
production is well-established, which could theoretically lead to
heartburn, especially if consumed on an empty stomach.”提到在
理论方面咖啡和胃灼热有关系，下文“A 2014 review found no
connection between coffee and heartburn, whereas a 2020 study
indicated a possible increase in heartburn symptoms among
habitual coffee drinkers.”提到了一些这方面的不同研究。B 项
(然而，研究提供了不同的结果。)符合语境。故选B。
1
2
3
4
5
4.___
A
[解析] 根据空后“That means you drink less coffee in a way.”可知，
空处应为减少咖啡用量的具体建议。A 项(添加一些牛奶也有帮助。)
符合语境。故选A。
5.___
C
[解析] 根据空后“And what works for one person might not for
another.”可知，空处说的是反应不同，因为对于一个人有用的方法
可能对另一人没有用。C 项(记住，每个人的反应都是不同的。)符合
语境。故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅲ 语法填空
[2024·湖北襄阳第五中学高三适应性测试]
文体：说明文 主题：人与社会 词数：204
Century eggs, known as pidan in China, are a well-known
food. The key 1.____ their popularity lies in their flavour (风味).
To boost the deep flavour even further, they're usually made
from duck eggs.
The 2._______(old) known record of people making century
eggs comes from the Ming Dynasty, most likely originating in
to
oldest
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Hunan Province, 3.________(rough) 500 years ago. The traditional
curing process, still used by some modern factories, 4.___(be) to
create a mixture of black tea, lime, salt, and wood ash. This
makes a thick paste (糊), in 5._______ fresh eggs are wrapped
and left for around five months. The 6.________(coat) eggs are
then wrapped in rice husk (稻壳) before 7.___________(sell) in
markets. On sale, they have a coating around a quarter-inch
thickness, giving them an 8.____________(appear) a little like
preserved dinosaur eggs. It's easy to see how they earned their
roughly
is
which
coated
being sold
appearance
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
English name, though the Chinese name of pidan just translates
as “preserved egg”.
Like many other foods in the world, this unusual approach
9.____________(create) as a way to preserve food in the days
before household refrigerators. The result is that century eggs
have an extremely long shelf life though they probably won't
last for 10.____ actual century.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的传统食物
“皮蛋”的历史以及制作过程。
was created
an
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1.____
to
[解析] 考查介词。the key to sth意为“……的关键”，为固定搭配。
故填to。
2._______
oldest
[解析] 考查形容词最高级。根据句意以及定冠词the可知，此处应该
填形容词最高级oldest。故填oldest。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3.________
roughly
[解析] 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处需要用副词，作状语。
故填roughly。
4.___
is
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。本段用一般现在时介绍皮蛋的制
作过程，因主语是单数名词process，所以此处用is。故填is。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
5._______
which
[解析] 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”
引导的定语从句，先行词是paste，指物，因此关系代词用which。
故填which。
6.________
coated
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语，空处用非谓语，eggs与
coat之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以此处应填过去分词作定语。故
填coated。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
7.___________
being sold
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。介词before后应该用动名词作宾语，而主
语eggs和动词sell之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以此处应填动名词的
被动形式。故填being sold。
8.____________
appearance
[解析] 考查名词。根据不定冠词an可知，此处应填单数名词。
appearance表示“外表，外观”。故填appearance。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.____________
was created
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，句子
的主语是单数名词approach，句中缺少谓语，且谓语用单数；根据
in the days before household refrigerators可知，此处用一般过去
时；再根据句意可知，此处为被动关系。故填was created。
10.____
an
[解析] 考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处泛指“一个世纪”，所以此处
用不定冠词；actual的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
A.词汇积累
1.startup n.刚起步的企业，新企业
2.applicable adj.适用的；合适的
3.shipment n.运输；装运；运输的货物
4.fulfillment n.满足，满意；完成，实现
5.subsequent adj.随后的；后来的；之后的
6.inability n.无能；无力；不能
7.underachieve v.未发挥水平；未展现实力
B.熟词生义
1.produce n.农产品 v.生产，制造；生长，繁育；引起，导致
I looked at the challenges in the food-supply chain and found
out that 40 percent of food waste is fresh produce.
(阅读A, Para.3)
【译文】我研究了食品供应链面临的挑战，发现 40% 的食品浪费是
新鲜农产品。
2.coin v.创造(新词语)；造(硬币) n.硬币
Originally coined by Sigmund Freud, it clearly states that all
humans are driven, to some extent, by pleasure.(阅读B, Para.4)
【译文】它最初是由Sigmund Freud创造的，它清楚地表明，在某
种程度上，所有人都受到快乐的驱使。
C.长难句分析
Using the infrared scanner at the distribution centre means
that inspectors can use the information to approve shipments
that will ensure the produce can be distributed on a timely
basis.(阅读A, Para.5)
【分析】using the infrared scanner at the distribution centre是动
名词短语作主语；第一个that引导宾语从句，作means的宾语；第二
个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词shipments。
【译文】在配送中心使用红外线扫描仪意味着检查员可以利用这些
信息来批准装运计划，确保农产品能够及时分配。
快速核答案
高中英语 必修第二册
Unit 1 Food for thought
听课手册
●语境词汇串记
1.marriage 2.what 3.horrible 4.a 5.is made 6.to 7.to
cook 8.that/which 9.incredibly 10.catching
●考点互动探究
单词点睛
1.（1）①to think ②Typically （2）is typical of
2.（1）①from ②suffering （2）变差,变糟 （3）①suffer
such a great loss ②suffering from
3.（1）①addiction ②addicted ③chatting ④a
（2）Desperately addicted to
4.（1）①to think ②buying ③（should） be taken
（2）①to give us some recommendations ②it is strongly/highly
recommended that everyone （should） go to enjoy the
exhibition ③I strongly recommend;to you
5.（1）①belonging ②belongings （2）①belongs to those
who believe in the beauty of their dreams ②having a sense
of belonging
6.（1）①satisfied ②satisfying/satisfactory （2）①be
satisfied/pleased/content with ②a deep sense of satisfaction
7.（1）①convenient ②convenience （2）①at your
convenience ②If （it's） convenient ③it's convenient for
us to have a discussion together ④apologise for any
inconvenience it brings to you
8.（1）①eating ②resistant ③resistance （2）couldn't
resist/help asking
9（1）①living ②adaptation （2）①adapted from ②her
ability to adapt to different social situations
短语储存
1.①in case it became/was damaged ②in case of ③in no case
could he lose this important match ④As is often the case
2.（1）①with ②filling （2）①end up shaping our
tomorrow ②ended up in failure
3.（1）①拿起 ②（通过观察或聆听而）学会 ③收拾 ④买,购
买 ⑤好转 ⑥用车接 （2）①pick up my pace ②picked
out ③picked up the crying child
句型透视
1.（1）①have taken ②have been painted （2）must have
thought
●当堂过关检测
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.satisfied 2.recommendation 3.salty 4.addicted 5.suffering
6.construction 7.belongings 8.adaptation 9.convenient
10.marriage 11.original 12.horrible 13.incredibly 14.different
15.related 16.functional 17.buying
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.ended up 2.picked up 3.belonging to 4.catch up 5.took
to 6.feel at home 7.suffering from 8.Brought up
Ⅲ 句型训练
1.must have hidden 2.nothing happier to me than
enjoying 3.in case the temperature dropped
slightly 4.Gathering her courage
●语言素养提升
Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.destroyed 2.died 3.dug 4.dipped 5.dragging 6.drew
7.were drawn
Ⅱ 构词法规则
1.过度采样的 2.过度旅游 3.高估 4.重于,胜过 5.（在数量上）
压倒 6.战胜,胜过
Ⅲ 熟词生义练
1.①收费 ②控告 ③掌管 ④给……充电 ⑤向……方向冲去
2.①声称;宣称 ②认领 ③索赔 ④夺去(生命)
3.浑浊的 4.创造(新词语)
5.①染色 ②(尤指负面地)影响
●写作素养提升
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
1.there’s nothing more delicious than dumplings in Chinese cuisine
2.Traditionally enjoyed during the Spring Festival
3.depending on the ingredients used
4.Shaped like
5.no family meal is complete without dumplings
6.families gathering around
7.the appeal of dumplings is beyond mere words
8.where you can all taste these wonderful dishes
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
7.情感细节描写——尴尬与羞愧
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ.1.Ashamed and embarrassed 2.feeling ashamed of myself
3.how embarrassed/awkward I was 4.Embarrassment and the
feeling of failure 5.in/with shame/embarrassment
6.To my shame
Ⅱ.1.blushed with embarrassment 2.an awkward silence
3.his hands became sweaty 4.Overwhelmed by hopelessness
5.was ashamed of his laziness 6.with his head down
作业手册
Ⅰ 阅读理解
1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.D
Ⅱ 阅读七选五
1.F 2.G 3.B 4.A 5.C
Ⅲ 语法填空
1.to 2.oldest 3.roughly 4.is 5.which 6.coated 7.being
sold 8.appearance 9.was created 10.an
