Unit 3 On the move
● 语境词汇串记
1.equipment 2.playing 3.that 4.to join 5.As
6.sweaty 7.inspiring 8.was label(l)ed 9.has become 10.that
● 考点互动探究
单词点睛
(1)①equipment ②for
(2)①equipped with life jackets and ropes
②not only equips me with the ability to express myself fluently
(1)①to live ②contented
(2)①be content with/content ourselves with what we have
②to her heart’s content ③how to improve the contents of my essay
(1)①balanced ②against (2)余额
(3)①keeps/maintains the balance of nature ②balance my major with/and my interest ③keeping her balance; lose her balance
(1)①keeping ②involved (2)expect you to involve yourself in; expect you to be involved in; expect your involvement in
(1)response (2)①responding to
②in response to/to make a response to
(1)①Inspired ②inspiring ③inspiration ④to explore
(2)Inspired by the fantastic scenery/wonderful landscape
(1)①to put ②persuasive ③persuasion
(2)①tried to persuade myself to keep/into keeping smiling
②to persuade you not to give up/out of giving up your dreams
短语储存
(1)①出故障 ②身体垮掉 ③破除,打破 ④分解 ⑤失败
(2)①broke out ②broken through ③broke down ④broke up
⑤break away from (3)broke into a gentle laugh
(1)①in turn/by turns ②in turn
(2)①took turns to tell their dreams
②When it was my turn to speak
句型透视
①Given your busy schedule/Given that you are very busy
②Given his love for adventure and exploration
①only to read the message ②too nervous to say a word
③kind enough to spare; so kind as to spare
● 当堂过关检测
Ⅰ.1.balanced 2.equipment 3.response 4.death; powerful
5.adjustable 6.Ultimately 7.basis 8.inspiration
9.sweaty 10.defence 11.disappearance 12.tension 13.to move 14.involved 15.Representing
Ⅱ.1.broke down 2.in turn 3.dying out 4.involved in
5.broke out 6.to your heart’s content
Ⅲ.1.Given your enthusiasm for Chinese culture
2.brave enough to take this adventure course
3.As time went by 4.Before I knew it
● 语言素养提升
Ⅰ.1.are eaten 2.has been employed 3.envied
4.equipping 5.Equipped 6.fell 7.had fallen
Ⅱ.1.预先播种的 2.学龄前儿童 3.史前的 4.预见,预测 5.预先警告
Ⅲ.1.①(与……)订立合同;(与……)订立契约 ②使收缩;缩小 ③患上,感染(疾病)
2.一本
3.①重要 ②认为;被视为
4.①课程 ②航线 ③过程 ④一道菜 ⑤球场;竞赛场地
5.①包括,涵盖 ②封面,封皮 ③够付(费用),足以支付
④行走(一段路程) ⑤报道 ⑥占(一片面积)
● 写作素养提升
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
1.When it comes to an ideal exercise for students to engage in at break
2.that immediately springs to my mind/occurs to me
3.given its many benefits
4.not only build up our body but also reduce our stress and tension
5.involves very little equipment
6.suitable for different levels
7.Try it out during your next break
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
9.情感细节描写——悲伤与沮丧
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ.1.Feeling down/frustrated/sad/blue 2.With a heavy/sinking/broken heart 3.The boy’s heart sank 4.broken his mother’s heart 5.Heartbroken 6.were floating in an ocean of sadness 7.sank into hopelessness/despair 8.Grief/Sadness/Sorrow came in waves
Ⅱ.1.a mixture of confusion and frustration 2.Sinking into self-doubt 3.threw her into a depressed mood 4.sitting alone in tears 5.numb with grief 6.not to be overcome by negative emotions 7.regained her confidenceUnit 3 On the move
●ⅠA
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的孩子和其队友打冰球,从不断的失败中学到了一些教训。
1.D 推理判断题。根据第二段“In his third season in 2019, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. In short, it was a typically good youth hockey season. He improved as a player, but did not much change as a person.”可知,2019年的第三个赛季,作者儿子的球队非常优秀,虽然失败过,但是还是很开心,并没有真正体会到失败带给他们的影响。由此推知,作者认为儿子的球队缺乏面对失败的精神。故选D。
2.C 词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“It weeded out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving just the diehards behind.”可知,虽然孩子的球队比赛失败,但是失败让一切变得很明朗,因为这淘汰了那些不是为了比赛,而是为了荣誉的孩子,只留下了真正想打比赛的球员。由此可推知,画线单词clarifying代指下文内容,即失败将真正的球员和为荣誉而战的球员分开了。故选C。
3.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They had learned the most important lesson: you can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime. When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick—by losing.”可知,作者儿子的球队虽然失败了,但他们不断进步,不断面对更大的挑战,成为更好的自己。由此可推知,作者认为,孩子们学到的教训是:对于强大的挑战,要不断进步,因为总有更大的挑战在等着你。故选A。
4.B 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据第一段中的“I’ve learned that losing may be best for kids.”和最后一段中的“They had learned the most important lesson: you can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime. When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick—by losing.”可知,文章主要讲述了作者的孩子和其队友打冰球,他们从不断的失败中学到了一些教训。由此可知,B选项“What kids can learn from losing”(孩子们能从失败中学到什么)适合作为文章的最佳标题。故选B。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了去健身房锻炼的枯燥和劳累,提出了虚拟现实(VR)游戏作为一种新颖的锻炼方式,可以边玩边健身。通过站立操作和身体活动,一些VR游戏能让玩家在不知不觉中提升体能。一家公司看到了VR的健身潜力,正在开发结合VR头盔的健身器材。虽然目前设备成本高且存在安全隐患,但对于那些难以保持锻炼热情的人来说,VR健身提供了一个新的选择。
5.B 推理判断题。根据第一段“Going to the gym can take time and effort, it often hurts, and it can be extremely tiresome. Most weight-related exercises are a combination of sets and reps (组和次). In order to see any significant change from any exercise, it will probably need to be repeated six to eight times, for a minimum of three sets, for about three months. For some, there’s nothing more boring than endless miles spent running on a treadmill (跑步机).”可推知,在第一段中,作者主要表达了去健身房很难坚持下去。故选B项。
6.A 词义猜测题。根据第一段中“For some, there’s nothing more boring than endless miles spent running on a treadmill(跑步机).”提到的健身房跑步的无聊,以及画线单词所在句中“…while still getting a good workout ”和下一句“Luckily for us, there’s virtual reality.”可知,此处为有一种方法可以缓解运动的枯燥感。故此处画线单词tedium为“枯燥,无聊”的意思,与A项boredom“无聊”意思一致。故选A项。
7.D 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Players challenge a virtual opponent in a series of games, which results in a 30-minute full-body workout. However, the cost of the equipment is expensive and there are safety concerns to be worked out. So don’t hang up your gym shorts just yet.”可推知,由于某些不利因素,30分钟的VR全身锻炼可能无法进行。故选D项。
8.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although it’s early days, for those of us who struggle to keep passionate about exercise, a new solution could be coming. And a world where a person can exercise and have fun at the same time might be something that many people would want—virtual or not.”(虽然现在还为时尚早,但对于我们这些努力保持锻炼热情的人来说,新的解决方案可能会出现。一个人可以同时锻炼和娱乐的世界可能是许多人想要的——不管是不是虚拟的。)可推知,作者对未来虚拟锻炼的态度是积极乐观的。故选B项。
C
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是一项新的研究表明在没有运动的情况下锻炼肌肉可能最适合降低血压。
9.D 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Exercises that engage muscles without movement, such as wall squats and planks, may be best for lowering blood pressure, according to a large study published in July, 2023 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.”可知,不动的肌肉锻炼可能是降血压的最佳方式,结合画线短语前的this type of training可知,这种类型的训练指的是上文中提到的“不动的肌肉锻炼”,由此可知,画线短语应与“不动的肌肉锻炼”意义相近。故选D项。
10.D 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“From a review of 270 trials with 15,827 participants, the researchers found that among HIIT (High-Intensity Interval Training), isometric exercise, aerobic exercise, dynamic resistance training and a combination of the latter two, isometric exercise led to the greatest reductions in blood pressure.”可知,此项研究是对以前的研究数据进行分析,通过比较得出的研究结论——等长运动能最大限度地降低血压,由此可知,该项实验是通过对比进行的。故选D项。
11.A 细节理解题。根据尾段中的“More research is needed to determine exactly why isometric exercises might be better for lowering blood pressure than other types of training, the authors said.”可知,接下来需要更多的研究来确定为什么等长运动比其他运动更能降低血压,由此可知,作者建议未来关于等长运动的研究重点是探究其有效性的原因。故选A项。
12.B 主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure.”以及下文内容可知,新的研究发现一种体育活动值得作为预防和治疗高血压的有效工具,由此可知,本文主要讲述的是一项对降血压最好的运动。故选B项。
●ⅡOne possible version:
School sports and culture festival draws excitement
Last Sunday witnessed a burst of excitement as the annual school sports and culture festival with the theme of “Fostering Physical and Mental Well-being” took centre stage.
Students engaged in friendly yet competitive matches in basketball, soccer, and track events. Additionally, cultural presentations including dance, theatre, and art exhibitions highlighted students’ creativity.
The festival was met with cheers and applause from enthusiastic supporters, bringing students together in a display of school spirit. This event not only promoted fitness and the arts but also created a joyful atmosphere that resonated with everyone involved. Tom is an excellent footballer. His passion for football can be traced back to his childhood. With no basic 1. (equip) available, he, together with other kids, made a goal out of bars and a ball out of plastic bags. They ran, scored and defended, 2. (play) to their hearts’ content. They felt the excitement of the game ending with a surprising twist. It was at that time 3. he decided that the ideal career for him in the future was to be a footballer.
At senior high school, his talent was discovered and he was persuaded by the school coach 4. (join) the school football team. 5. a master of football, he gave Tom strict training which involved speed and strength. He also told Tom a sense of balance was a key factor in football playing which helped avoid damage to bones.
Under the guidance of the coach, Tom spent countless 6. (sweat) hours practising on the field. He was the one who first interpreted the strategies and made quick responses to the commands in his team. His display of power and skills aroused 7. (inspire) reaction from the audience and he 8. (label) as a “rising star”.
Recently, Tom 9. (become) captain of his city football team. He is assured that football is a game of teamwork. He has created a strong network which connects all his fellow players. He has a strong wish 10. one day his team will become the ultimate champion in football.
equipment n.[U] 装备,设备,用具
equip vt.(equipped, equipped, equipping)
装备;配备;使有能力
equip…for… 为……装备……;使……为……做好准备
equip…with… 用……装备……
be equipped with… 装备/配备/安装有……
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2021·全国甲卷] After spending some time looking at all the defensive (equip) at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
②I believe the training course will equip you your future job, so you should study hard.
(2)完成句子
①Kris and Robin, along with rescue teams (配备有救生衣和绳子), were lowered into the flooding building. (读后续写话题之灾难救援)
②What benefits me most is your selfless guidance on my English pronunciation, which (不仅让我具备了流利表达的能力), but also boosts my confidence to face up to the challenge. (应用文写作之感谢信)
content n.满意;满足;内容;[pl.]目录;所容纳之物 adj.满意的;满足的 v.满足;满意
(1)
(2)to one’s heart’s content心满意足地;尽情地
(3)content oneself with 满足于;使(某人)自己对……感到满足
(4)contented adj. 满意的,惬意的,满足的(通常作前置定语)
a contented smile 惬意的微笑
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①My parents are content (live) in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.
②[北师必修三U8] Ms Yi had a (content) life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life.
(2)完成句子
①True happiness comes when we learn to (满足于我们所拥有的东西). (读后续写之主题升华句)
②She ran through the meadow, her feet pounding against the soft grass (尽情地). (读后续写之动作描写)
③I’m writing to ask you for some advice on (如何改进我文章的内容). (应用文写作之求助信)
balance n.平衡;余额 v.(使)保持平衡;(使)均衡;权衡
(1)keep/maintain the balance of…
保持……的平衡
keep/lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡
(2)balance sth against sth 权衡;斟酌;比较
balance…with/and… 平衡/同等重视(相对的两个事物或方面)
(3)balanced adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的
keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[上外必修二U3] This is reflected in Chinese cuisine, where almost every flavour (salty, spicy, sour, sweet and bitter) is used in a (balance) way to create delicious dishes.
②You must balance the good points the bad points and then make your decision.
(2)熟词生义
After paying for lunch, Bill checked his bank account and noticed the balance was lower than expected.
(3)完成句子
①[2022·全国甲卷书面表达] The ocean not only offers us sufficient food, but also it (维持自然的平衡). (应用文写作话题之环保)
②I wonder if you could offer some guidance on how to choose the suitable courses, so that I can easily (平衡我的专业和我的兴趣). (应用文写作之求助信)
③She walked across the tightrope, carefully (保持平衡), but a sudden distraction made her (失去平衡) and almost fall. (读后续写之动作描写)
involve v.包含;需要;把……卷入;使……参与;牵涉
(1)involve doing sth 包括做某事;需要做某事
involve sb/oneself in (doing) sth
使某人/自己参与(做)某事;使某人/自己牵扯到(做)某事中
(2)involved adj. 参与的;关注的;关系密切的
get/be involved in 被卷入;参与,参加
(3)involvement n. 参与,加入
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[北师选一U3] Factory farming involves (keep) farm animals inside buildings to increase the production of meat or eggs.
②[2024·北京卷] Since there are many factors (involve) in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme.
(2)一句多译
我认为这是你接触中国文化的好途径,我期待你能参与到团队中来。(应用文写作之邀请信)
→I see it as a good way for you to get exposed to Chinese culture and the team. (v.)
→I see it as a good way for you to get exposed to Chinese culture and the team. (adj.)
→I see it as a good way for you to get exposed to Chinese culture and the team. (n.)
response n.回答,答复
(1)in response to 对……做出回应/回答
make a response to 对……做出回应/回答
(2)respond vi. 做出反应,回应
vt. & vi. 回答,答复
respond to 答复……;对……做出反应
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful (respond).
(2)完成句子
①[译林必修一U3] I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day, and I still don’t feel like (回复) any of her online messages.
②I am writing (对……做出回应) your posting for a host in English Reading Salon in the City Library. (应用文写作之申请信)
inspire v.鼓舞,激励;赋予灵感;引起联想;启发思考
(1)inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
inspire sb with sth(=inspire sth in sb)
激起/引起某人的……
(2)inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的
inspired adj. 能力卓越的;品质优秀的
(3)inspiration n. 灵感;鼓舞人心的人或事
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2022·全国甲卷] (inspire) by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
②[2021·浙江6月考] Leslie Nielsen’s devotion to acting is wonderfully (inspire).
③[《汤姆·索亚历险记》] At this dark and hopeless moment an (inspire) burst upon him!
④Practising Tai Chi has inspired me (explore) the Chinese culture behind it.
(2)完成句子
(受到美妙风景的启发), the photographer spent hours capturing the perfect shot of the sunset. (应用文写
作话题之艺术)
persuade vt.说服,劝服;使相信
(1)persuade sb to do sth/into doing sth
说服某人做某事
persuade sb not to do/out of doing sth
说服某人不做某事
(2)persuasion n. 说服,劝说;(宗教或政治)信仰
(3)persuasive adj. 有说服力的;令人信服的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2022·新高考全国 Ⅱ 卷] Public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people (put) down their phones when they are behind the wheel.
②His (persuade) speech on the importance of conservation inspired many people to take action and protect the environment.
③It took a lot of (persuade) to convince the committee of the advantages of the new project.
(2)完成句子
①I was really upset, but I (努力说服自己保持微笑). (读后续写之情感描写)
②I’m writing (为了说服你不要放弃你的梦想), as perseverance and determination can lead to remarkable achievements. (应用文写作
之建议信)
break down 破坏;出故障;失败;使分解;垮掉,崩溃;破除(障碍、偏见等)
break up 粉碎;解散;结束;分裂;(学校)期终放假
break in 强行进入(不及物);打断
break into 强行闯入(及物);突然开始(笑、唱等)
break off 断开;折断;中断
break out (战争、火灾、洪水等)突然爆发
break through 取得突破;取得新的重大发现
break away (from sb/sth) 逃脱;脱离;背叛
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义
①Our car broke down and we had to push it off the road.
②You will break down if you take on more work than you can.
③[2020·天津卷] Jones’ idea has been fully realized—the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help break down the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.
④[2024·浙江1月考] Breaking down the routes into smaller sections, she explored each day, one at a time.
⑤Negotiations have broken down again, and I’m starting to worry that we’ll never reach an agreement for a new contract.
(2)用break相关短语的适当形式填空
①[北师选三U9] The Great Flu epidemic in 1918, also known as the Spanish Flu, killing 50 million people.
②Scientists think they have in their attempt to find the causes of many major diseases.
③When the bad news came, he and cried.
④[《汤姆·索亚历险记》] When school at noon, Tom flew to Becky Thatcher, and whispered in her ear.
⑤It is very difficult for the elderly to the old traditional ideas.
(3)完成句子
[《汤姆·索亚历险记》] His aunt Polly stood surprised a moment, and then (发出温柔的笑声). (读后续写之情感+动作描写)
in turn 依次;轮流;逐个;转而;相应地
by turns 轮流,交替;时而,间或(表现出不同的情感或特质)
take turns to do sth/in (doing) sth
轮流做某事
It is one’s turn to do sth.
该轮到某人做某事了。
【活学活用】
(1)用turn的相关短语填空
①There were cheers for each of the competitors as they spoke .
②[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] I post my work on social media and, , have met some of the kindest people.
(2)完成句子
①Several students (轮流讲述他们的梦想) in fluent English.
② (轮到我发言时), my confidence suddenly deserted me. (读后续写之心理描写)
(教材P34) Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world!
考虑到尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球,我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动!
given that(连词)引导状语从句
句型公式
【句式点拨】
given that在句中引导状语从句,意为“鉴于;考虑到……”;given用作介词时,后接名词、代词或动名词,意为“鉴于;考虑到……”。类似用法的还有:assuming (that), supposing (that), providing/provided (that), considering (that)等。
【活学活用】
完成句子
①[2020·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达] (鉴于您很忙), I’d be very appreciative if you could give some professional advice. (应用文写作之求助信)
② (鉴于他对冒险和探索的热爱), Henry eagerly accepted the invitation to join the expedition to the remote wilderness. (读后续写之心理描写)
(教材P35) It is fun enough to attract millions of people.
它有趣到足以吸引数百万人。
adj.+enough+to do…足够……去做……
句型公式
【句式点拨】
本句中的不定式to attract millions of people作结果状语,相当于“It is so fun that it attracts millions of people.”中的结果状语从句。
【相关拓展】
不定式表示结果的常用结构汇总:
(1)adj./adv.+enough to do意为“足够……去做……”,相当于so…that…引导的结果状语从句。
(2)too+adj./adv.+to do意为“太……而不能做……”。
(3)only to do sth意为“不料……;结果……”,表示出乎意料的结果。
(4)so/such…as to do意为“做……是如此……”。
【活学活用】
完成句子/一句多译
①[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写] I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, (不料却读到这个信息):“Out of order. Sorry.” (读后续写
之动作描写)
②When Mrs Swenson called me, my mind went blank. I was (太紧张了而说不出一句话). (读后续写之心理
描写)
③[2020·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达] 所以您能抽出一些时间给我一些指导吗 (应用文写作之求助信)
→So would you be some time to give me some guidance (enough)
→So would you be some time to give me some guidance (so…as to)
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.The ideal diet is a (balance) one, without too much or too little of any one thing.
2.With the aid of the most advanced (equip), new facts about the ancient pyramids in Egypt have recently come to light.
3.In (respond) to the editor’s suggestions, the author made the necessary changes to improve the manuscript.
4.I was scared to (die) during the surfing trip when I lost my balance and fell into the (power) waves, but the instructor quickly came to my aid.
5.The (adjust) shelves in the bookcase allowed me to arrange the height according to my needs, creating an ideal storage solution to books of various sizes.
6. (ultimate), the court’s interpretation of the law will determine the outcome of the case.
7.On the (base) of mutual respect and understanding, the two renowned poets formed a deep bond, constantly inspiring each other.
8.The soccer player’s story of overcoming numerous obstacles is a great source of (inspire) for young soccer players.
9.After a grueling workout, he checked his progress on the fitness chart, despite being (sweat) and exhausted.
10.In (defend) of workers’ rights, labour unions organized strikes and negotiated for better wages, working conditions, and job security.
11.The (disappear) of whales in this area was due to illegal hunting.
12.To relieve (tense) before a big presentation, she skipped her lunch break and went for a quick walk instead.
13.The coach persuaded the players (move) towards their ultimate goal: winning the title of the world champion.
14.According to a recent survey, 51% of the students (involve) have used or are currently using fitness apps to monitor their daily steps, heart rate and body weight.
15. (represent) our college, I’d like to invite you, a master of digital marketing, to deliver a seminar on the latest industry trends and strategies to our business students.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1.When the car (出故障), a kind stranger came to our aid, offering to call for a tow truck.
2.Having finished reading the novels, I have built a larger vocabulary, which, (相应地), has improved my writing skills.
3.Conservationists are closely monitoring the endangered species to prevent them (灭绝).
4.Brad didn’t just sit there quietly; he was actively (参与) the lesson.
5.Fires (爆发) everywhere, and the entire city went up in flames.
6.Plenty of books in the library allow you to read (尽情地).
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1. , I suggest that the design and decoration of your works embrace Chinese style. (given)
鉴于你对中国文化的热情,我建议你的作品在设计和装饰上融入中国风格。
2.Students will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.
足够勇敢参加这个冒险课程的学生肯定会学到很多有用的技能。
3. , I came to understand my father’s intention. (状语从句)
随着时间的流逝,我渐渐明白了爸爸的意图。
4. , I had reached the woods. (状语从句)
不知不觉中,我已经到了树林。
●Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and mooncakes (eat) at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.
2.For the past three years he (employ) as a firefighter.
3.He (envy) her—she seemed to have everything she could possibly want.
4.They spent a lot of money (equip) the school with new computers.
5. (equip) with necessary knowledge and skills, the young man went to the job market with much confidence.
6.Albert (fall) silent and turned his attention to his food.
7.We heard a splash and then saw that Toni (fall) in the river.
●Ⅱ 构词法规则
构词法 前缀pre-表示“以前”、 “比……早”; 前缀fore-表示“前”、“预先”或“在……之前”等
指出下列黑体词的含义
1.[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
2.[2024·浙江1月考] …all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.
3.[2022·全国甲卷] I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us.
4.It is difficult to foresee how technology will change our lives in the next decade.
5.The weather service had forewarned the residents about the approaching storm, giving them time to prepare.
●Ⅲ 熟词生义练
指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义
1.contract
①Our company was contracted to build shelters for the homeless.
②The exercise consists of stretching and contracting the leg muscles.
③He contracted malaria while he was travelling.
2.copy
[2023·全国甲卷] I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World.
3.count
①[2020·江苏卷] When it comes to in-person humour, effort counts a lot.
②Nobel was counted as one of the greatest scientists of the world.
4.course
①[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Students will work in groups to complete four assignments(作业) during the course.
②Aircraft can avoid each other by altering course to left or right.
③In the course of the interview, it became clear that he was not the right person for the job.
④A traditional British main course consists of a meat dish with potatoes and other vegetables.
⑤The front-desk manager suggested a restaurant at a golf course across town that had great hamburgers.
5.cover
①The book covers a wide range of topics ranging from history to science.
②[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
③[2020·全国新高考Ⅰ卷] Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
④[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.
⑤She’s covering the American election for BBC television.
⑥The reserve covers an area of some 1,140 square kilometres.
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
[2024·浙江1月考] 请你写一篇短文向校英文报“Sports and Health”栏目投稿,向同学们推荐一项适合课间开展的运动,内容包括:
1.介绍这项运动;
2.说明推荐理由。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Stand up and exercise, everybody!
1. (说到学生在课间休息时进行的理想运动), skipping is the one 2. (我马上想到的).
Skipping, a simple but effective exercise, is perfect for the limited time of school breaks 3. (考虑到它的很多好处). To begin with, as one of the full-body exercises, skipping can 4. (不仅锻炼我们的身体,还减少我们的压力和紧张). In addition, this exercise 5. (只需要很少的设备)—just a rope—and can be performed almost anywhere, from the schoolyard to a quiet corner. What’s more, skipping can be both an individual and a group activity, 6. (适合不同的水平).
With just a few minutes during your break, you can enjoy the benefits of rope skipping. 7. (下次休息的时候试试吧).
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
9.情感细节描写——悲伤与沮丧
【语言素材】
忧郁的;悲伤的 blue/moody/upset/depressed 处于痛苦之中 in pain
极其伤心的 heartbroken/sorrowful 一种悲伤的情绪 a gloomy feeling
让某人难过的是 to one’s sadness/sorrow 心情不好 be in a bad/depressed mood
痛苦的;难受的 miserable/painful 以悲伤的语调/声音 in a sorrowful tone/voice
沮丧的;受挫的 frustrated/discouraged/disappointed 怀着沉重/沮丧/悲伤的心情 with a heavy/sinking/broken heart
绝望的;渴望的 desperate 心里一沉 one’s heart sinks
垂头丧气的,萎靡不振的 downcast 使某人伤心 break one’s heart
悲哀,悲伤,悲痛 sadness/sorrow/grief 因悲伤而麻木 (be) numb with grief
情绪低落 be down/low in spirits 悲伤不已 be overcome with sorrow/sadness
绝望地 in despair 陷入绝望 sink into hopelessness/despair
【跟踪演练】
●Ⅰ 单句表达
1. ,
I was desperate to be left alone.
感到情绪低落/沮丧/悲伤/忧郁,我想独自静一静。
2. , she watched him go.
她怀着沉重/沮丧/悲伤的心情,看着他离开。
3. when Mr Bragg announced the cancellation of the match.
当布拉格先生宣布取消比赛时,这个男孩的心里一沉。
4.He thought what he had just said in anger must have .
他心想,自己刚才由于生气所说的话一定伤了母亲的心。
5. , I stared after her. How I wished I could help her!
我盯着她的背影,伤心欲绝。我是多么希望我能帮她啊!
6.I felt like I , and words could not express my sorrow.
我感觉自己像是正漂浮在悲伤的海洋里,言语无法表达我的哀伤。
7.As a result of an accident, Tony was suddenly thrown into a world of darkness and .
由于一场事故,托尼突然陷入黑暗的世界之中,陷入了绝望。
8. . He sank onto the chair, crying his eyes out.
悲伤如潮水一般涌来。他倒在椅子上,悲痛欲绝。
●Ⅱ 语段表达(悲伤与沮丧)
Emily used to be an enthusiastic young artist who shared her paintings online, hoping to connect with like-minded people. However, mean comments flooded in, saying her works were an absolute disaster. Some even made personal attacks on her appearance.
When reading these negative messages, she felt 1. (既困惑又沮丧). 2. (陷入自我怀疑), she started to question her talent and intelligence. Each time she tried to paint, she could only hear the mean comments echoing in her mind, which 3. (导致她心情不好). She was often seen 4. (独自含泪坐着). The joy of creating and sharing seemed to have vanished.
Seeing their daughter 5. (因悲伤而麻木), Emily’s parents decided not to let it continue. They had frequent conversations with her, persuading her 6. (不要被负面情绪影响). They also suggested that Emily should join in the local art club where she could gain objective comments about her paintings from real artists. Gradually, Emily stepped out of the dark time and 7. (重获信心). She learnt to focus on the positive and not to be defined by cruel words of strangers. Unit 3 On the move
(限时:35分钟)
●Ⅰ 阅读理解
A [2024·浙江效实中学高三二模]
文体:记叙文 主题:人与自我 词数:379
As a hockey parent, while watching my son play from Mite to Bantam, House League to Travel, I’ve learned that losing may be best for kids.
In his third season in 2019, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. In short, it was a typically good youth hockey season. He improved as a player, but did not much change as a person.
However, what happened the next year added its story to the legends of sporting incompetence. Not merely weak but pretty bad, this team lost 40 of their first 50 games, most of the defeats coming in the course of two losing streaks. For a time, I worried that these streaks would kill my child’s love of the game.
But that’s not what happened. As bad as it got, the losing was clarifying. It weeded out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving just the diehards behind. What started as a list of 17 of the team was cut down to 12. It was especially instructive for the kids. It taught him a great truth of the world: for everyone good, there is someone better.
What’s more, the kids were learning the game in a way that only losing can teach. Each player got to play everywhere, to learn and appreciate the role of every position on the ice. They kept an eye on their opponents too, studying and incorporating the tricks of success. In an effort to break the streak, they went back to basics, accepted the wisdom of the hockey ancients: if playing like a team, they can defeat a collection of all-star cast; If doing small and unappreciated tasks well, they can get the goal.
This new team had character and could never be counted out, no matter the score. They had learned the most important lesson: you can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime. When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick—by losing.
( )1.What does the author think about the son’s team in the third season in 2019
A.The team had a bad performance.
B.The team didn’t live up to the author’s expectations.
C.The team played typically well and won all the games.
D.The team didn’t have the spirit of facing failure.
( )2.What does the underlined word “clarifying” refer to
A.The losing made the kids better understand hockey.
B.The losing helped the kids learn a great truth of the world.
C.The losing separated true players from those playing for glory.
D.The losing boosted the kids’ teamwork.
( )3.According to the author, what have the son’s team learned
A.For everything big, there is something bigger.
B.Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.
C.God helps those who help themselves.
D.The hardest battle you’re going to fight is the battle to be just you.
( )4.What is the best title for the passage
A.How kids can deal with losing
B.What kids can learn from losing
C.Why kids can benefit from losing
D.How kids can get over losing
B [2024·河南洛阳第四次模拟考试]
文体:说明文 主题:人与社会 词数:358
Going to the gym can take time and effort, it often hurts, and it can be extremely tiresome. Most weight-related exercises are a combination of sets and reps (组和次). In order to see any significant change from any exercise, it will probably need to be repeated six to eight times, for a minimum of three sets, for about three months. For some, there’s nothing more boring than endless miles spent running on a treadmill (跑步机).
But what if there were a way to relieve the tedium of exercise while still getting a good workout Luckily for us, there’s virtual reality.
Many VR games are played while standing. In order to play properly, the player is forced to move around swinging their arms or using their legs. After an hour of this on a regular enough basis, it’s not surprising that many people unexpectedly find themselves a little fitter. There are already a number of virtual reality games which, intentionally or not, result in their player “getting a good sweat on” if played for enough time. For example, there’s a first person shooter which forces the player to sidestep, duck and do other sport actions. That’s cardio (有氧运动). Or there’s a music game which forces players to shadowbox in order to hit the notes—that’s an upper body workout.
The potential for VR to help people get fit has been noticed by one company. They want to take the whole experience into the gym. They are making a resistance machine, designed to be used in combination with a VR headset. Players challenge a virtual opponent in a series of games, which results in a 30-minute full-body workout. However, the cost of the equipment is expensive and there are safety concerns to be worked out. So don’t hang up your gym shorts just yet.
Although it’s early days, for those of us who struggle to keep passionate about exercise, a new solution could be coming. And a world where a person can exercise and have fun at the same time might be something that many people would want—virtual or not.
( )5.In Paragraph 1, the author mainly conveys that going to the gym .
A.cannot avoid being hurt
B.is hard to hold on
C.makes sense in a short time
D.means three months of exercise
( )6.What does the underlined word “tedium” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean
A.Boredom. B.Tiredness.
C.Expense. D.Inconvenience.
( )7.What can be concluded about the 30-minute VR full-body workout
A.Several security problems have been solved.
B.The relevant equipment has complex designs.
C.It has turned out to be very effective and popular.
D.It may be unavailable due to some disadvantages.
( )8.What’s the author’s attitude towards virtual exercise in the future
A.Indifferent. B.Positive.
C.Tolerant. D.Doubtful.
C [2024·河北衡水高三二模]
文体:说明文 主题:人与社会 词数:314
When it comes to lowering blood pressure, studies have typically shown that aerobic (有氧的) exercises are best. Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure.
Exercises that engage muscles without movement, such as wall squats and planks, may be best for lowering blood pressure, according to a large study published in July, 2023 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
This type of training is known as isometric exercise, according to the Mayo Clinic. Isometric muscle action happens when muscles contract but do not visibly change length, and the joints involved don’t move, facilitating stability of the body. Isometric exercises can be done with weights or without, just relying on the body’s own weight.
“These findings provide a comprehensive data-driven framework to support the development of new exercise guideline recommendations for the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure,” said study co-author Dr Jamie O’Driscoll in a news release.
The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials that had reported the effects of exercise interventions, lasting two or more weeks, on blood pressure between 1990 and February 2023. From a review of 270 trials with 15,827 participants, the researchers found that among HIIT (High-Intensity Interval Training), isometric exercise, aerobic exercise, dynamic resistance training and a combination of the latter two, isometric exercise led to the greatest reductions in blood pressure.
It’s also important to note that there are other lifestyle changes as well as exercise that can benefit your blood pressure. These include keeping to a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, cutting down on salt, not drinking too much alcohol and ensuring that you continue to take any prescribed medication.
More research is needed to determine exactly why isometric exercises might be better for lowering blood pressure than other types of training, the authors said.
( )9.What does the underlined part “isometric exercise” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A.Exercise that is done with extra weights.
B.Exercise that involves visible muscle contraction.
C.Exercise that focuses on stability of the body.
D.Exercise that engages muscles without movement.
( )10.How did the researchers carry out the study
A.By providing statistics.
B.By interviewing experts.
C.By doing experiments.
D.By making comparisons.
( )11.What does the author suggest the future studies about isometric exercise focus on
A.Exploring the reasons for its effectiveness.
B.Demonstrating its influences on mental health.
C.Assessing its suitability for different populations.
D.Determining its long-term impacts on blood pressure.
( )12.What is the text mainly about
A.The benefits of aerobic exercises.
B.The best exercise for blood pressure.
C.The effects of various types of exercises.
D.The importance of keeping a healthy lifestyle.
●Ⅱ 应用文写作 [2024·湖南怀化高三一模]
假定你是李华,上周日你校举办了一场以“强体魄,健身心”为主题的体育文化节活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括:
1.活动主题和内容;
2.活动反响。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
School sports and culture festival
draws excitement
A.词汇积累
1.incompetence n.无能力;不胜任;不称职
2.weed out剔除,淘汰 (无用的人和物)
3.diehard n.顽固分子;铁杆支持者
4.unappreciated adj.无人赏识的;无人感激的
5.count out逐一数出;不把……算在内
6.runner-up n.亚军
7.tiresome adj.讨厌的;烦人的
8.combination n.结合,联合;结合体,联合体
9.data-driven adj.数据驱动的
10.randomized adj.随机化的
B.熟词生义
1.stick v.经久留驻;粘住;卡住;刺入(或插入);(尤指随意)放置;容忍;被接受 n.枝条;木棍;拐杖
When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick—by losing.(阅读A, Para.6)
【译文】 当他们输掉比赛,进入握手的行列时,他们并不是作为亚军,而是作为一支以唯一让人记住的方式——失败——成为赢家的球队。
2.duck v.低下头,弯下身(以免被打中或看见);躲闪;躲避 n.鸭子
For example, there’s a first person shooter which forces the player to sidestep, duck and other sport actions.(阅读B, Para.3)
【译文】 例如,有一款真人模拟射击游戏迫使玩家侧身、弯下身和做其他运动动作。
3.contract v.(使)收缩,缩小;感染(疾病);与……订立合同 n.合同,协议
Isometric muscle action happens when muscles contract but do not visibly change length, and the joints involved don’t move, facilitating stability of the body.(阅读C, Para.3)
【译文】 等长肌肉运动发生在肌肉收缩但长度不明显变化时,相关关节不动,从而促进身体的稳定性。(共139张PPT)
Unit 3 On the move
语境词汇串记
考点互动探究
当堂过关检测
语言素养提升
写作素养提升
作业手册
答案速查【听】
答案速查【作】
Tom is an excellent footballer. His passion for football can
be traced back to his childhood. With no basic 1.___________
(equip) available, he, together with other kids, made a goal
out of bars and a ball out of plastic bags. They ran, scored
and defended, 2.________(play) to their hearts' content.
They felt the excitement of the game ending with a surprising
twist. It was at that time 3._____ he decided that the ideal
career for him in the future was to be a footballer.
equipment
playing
that
At senior high school, his talent was discovered and he was
persuaded by the school coach 4.________(join) the school
football team. 5.____ a master of football, he gave Tom strict
training which involved speed and strength. He also told Tom a
sense of balance was a key factor in football playing which
helped avoid damage to bones.
Under the guidance of the coach, Tom spent countless
6.________(sweat) hours practising on the field. He was the one
who first interpreted the strategies and made quick responses
to join
As
sweaty
to the commands in his team. His display of power and skills
aroused 7._________(inspire) reaction from the audience and he
8.______________(label) as a “rising star”.
Recently, Tom 9._____________(become) captain of his city
football team. He is assured that football is a game of
teamwork. He has created a strong network which connects all
his fellow players. He has a strong wish 10._____ one day his
team will become the ultimate champion in football.
inspiring
was label(l)ed
has become
that
1 equipment n.［U］ 装备,设备,用具
equip vt.(equipped, equipped, equipping) 装备;配备;使有能力
equip…for… 为……装备……;使……为……做好准备
equip…with… 用……装备……
be equipped with… 装备/配备/安装有……
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2021·全国甲卷] After spending some time looking at all the
defensive ___________(equip) at the wall, we decided it was
time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece
of history!
equipment
②I believe the training course will equip you ____ your future
job, so you should study hard.
for
(2)完成句子
①Kris and Robin, along with rescue teams ___________________
________________(配备有救生衣和绳子), were lowered into the
flooding building. (读后续写话题之灾难救援)
equipped with life jackets and ropes
②What benefits me most is your selfless guidance on my
English pronunciation, which _________________________________
_____________________________(不仅让我具备了流利表达的能力),
but also boosts my confidence to face up to the challenge.
(应用文写作之感谢信)
not only equips me with the ability to express myself fluently
2 content n.满意;满足;内容;［pl.］目录;所容纳之物 adj.满意的;满
足的 v.满足;满意
(1)
be content to do sth 乐于做某事
be content with 对……满足/满意
(2)to one's heart's content 心满意足地；尽情地
(3)content oneself with 满足于;使(某人)自己对……感到满足
(4)contented adj. 满意的,惬意的,满足的(通常作前置定语)
a contented smile 惬意的微笑
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①My parents are content _______(live) in the country, where
the air is fresh and clean.
②［北师必修三U8］ Ms Yi had a __________(content) life until
a terrible event occurred which changed her life.
to live
contented
(2)完成句子
①True happiness comes when we learn to ___________________
_______________________________________(满足于我们所拥有的
东西). (读后续写之主题升华句)
be content with/content ourselves with what we have
②She ran through the meadow, her feet pounding against the
soft grass ______________________(尽情地). (读后续写之动作描写)
to her heart's content
③I'm writing to ask you for some advice on _________________
________________________(如何改进我文章的内容). (应用文写作之
求助信)
how to improve the contents of my essay
3 balance n.平衡；余额 v.(使)保持平衡;(使)均衡;权衡
(1)keep/maintain the balance of… 保持……的平衡
keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡
(2)balance sth against sth 权衡;斟酌;比较
balance…with/and… 平衡/同等重视(相对的两个事物或方面)
(3)balanced adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的
keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①［上外必修二U3］ This is reflected in Chinese cuisine, where
almost every flavour (salty, spicy, sour, sweet and bitter) is used
in a __________(balance) way to create delicious dishes.
balanced
②You must balance the good points ________ the bad points
and then make your decision.
against
(2)熟词生义
After paying for lunch, Bill checked his bank account and
noticed the balance was lower than expected. ______
余额
(3)完成句子
①[2022·全国甲卷书面表达] The ocean not only offers us
sufficient food, but also it ___________________________________
______(维持自然的平衡). (应用文写作话题之环保)
keeps/maintains the balance of nature
②I wonder if you could offer some guidance on how to choose
the suitable courses, so that I can easily _____________________
____________________(平衡我的专业和我的兴趣). (应用文写作之求助
信)
balance my major with/and my interest
③She walked across the tightrope, carefully __________________
_______(保持平衡), but a sudden distraction made her
_________________(失去平衡) and almost fall. (读后续写之动作描
写)
keeping her balance
lose her balance
4 involve v.包含;需要;把……卷入;使……参与;牵涉
(1)involve doing sth 包括做某事;需要做某事
involve sb/oneself in (doing) sth
使某人/自己参与(做)某事;使某人/自己牵扯到(做)某事中
(2)involved adj. 参与的;关注的;关系密切的
get/be involved in 被卷入;参与,参加
(3)involvement n. 参与,加入
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①［北师选一U3］ Factory farming involves _________(keep) farm
animals inside buildings to increase the production of meat or
eggs.
keeping
②[2024·北京卷] Since there are many factors _________(involve)
in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be
matched with a partner and be able to register for the
programme.
involved
(2)一句多译
我认为这是你接触中国文化的好途径,我期待你能参与到团队中来。
(应用文写作之邀请信)
→I see it as a good way for you to get exposed to Chinese
culture and ________________________________ the team. (v.)
→I see it as a good way for you to get exposed to Chinese
culture and ____________________________ the team. (adj.)
→I see it as a good way for you to get exposed to Chinese
culture and __________________________ the team. (n.)
expect you to involve yourself in
expect you to be involved in
expect your involvement in
5 response n.回答,答复
(1)in response to 对……做出回应/回答
make a response to 对……做出回应/回答
(2)respond vi. 做出反应,回应
vt. & vi. 回答,答复
respond to 答复……;对……做出反应
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] You might think about posting what you
are looking for on social media, but it probably won't result in
a useful _________(respond).
response
(2)完成句子
①［译林必修一U3］ I was so angry that I avoided her during
school all day, and I still don't feel like ______________(回复)
any of her online messages.
responding to
②I am writing ____________________________________
(对……做出回应) your posting for a host in English Reading
Salon in the City Library. (应用文写作之申请信)
in response to/to make a response to
6 inspire v.鼓舞,激励;赋予灵感;引起联想;启发思考
(1)inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
inspire sb with sth(=inspire sth in sb) 激起/引起某人的……
(2)inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的
inspired adj. 能力卓越的;品质优秀的
(3)inspiration n. 灵感;鼓舞人心的人或事
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2022·全国甲卷] _________(inspire) by the Belt and Road
Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing, Cao decided
to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient
Silk Road.
Inspired
②[2021·浙江6月考] Leslie Nielsen's devotion to acting is
wonderfully _________(inspire).
inspiring
③［《汤姆·索亚历险记》］ At this dark and hopeless moment
an ___________(inspire) burst upon him!
④Practising Tai Chi has inspired me ___________(explore) the
Chinese culture behind it.
inspiration
to explore
(2)完成句子
__________________________________________________
(受到美妙风景的启发), the photographer spent hours capturing
the perfect shot of the sunset. (应用文写作话题之艺术)
Inspired by the fantastic scenery/wonderful landscape
7 persuade vt.说服,劝服;使相信
(1)persuade sb to do sth/into doing sth 说服某人做某事
persuade sb not to do/out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事
(2)persuasion n. 说服,劝说;(宗教或政治)信仰
(3)persuasive adj. 有说服力的;令人信服的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2022·新高考全国 Ⅱ 卷] Public service campaigns have tried a
wide range of methods to persuade people _______(put) down
their phones when they are behind the wheel.
to put
②His ___________(persuade) speech on the importance of
conservation inspired many people to take action and protect
the environment.
persuasive
③It took a lot of ___________(persuade) to convince the
committee of the advantages of the new project.
persuasion
(2)完成句子
①I was really upset, but I __________________________________
________________________(努力说服自己保持微笑). (读后续写之情
感描写)
tried to persuade myself to keep/into keeping smiling
②I'm writing _______________________________________________
____________(为了说服你不要放弃你的梦想), as perseverance and
determination can lead to remarkable achievements. (应用文写作
之建议信)
to persuade you not to give up/out of giving up your dreams
1 break down 破坏;出故障;失败;使分解;垮掉,崩溃;破除
(障碍、偏见等)
break up 粉碎;解散;结束;分裂;(学校)期终放假
break in 强行进入(不及物);打断
break into 强行闯入(及物);突然开始(笑、唱等)
break off 断开;折断;中断
break out (战争、火灾、洪水等)突然爆发
break through 取得突破;取得新的重大发现
break away (from sb/sth) 逃脱;脱离;背叛
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义
①Our car broke down and we had to push it off the road.
________
②You will break down if you take on more work than you can.
__________
出故障
身体垮掉
③[2020·天津卷] Jones' idea has been fully realized—the “HAPPY
TO CHAT” benches help break down the invisible social barrier
that keeps people from saying hello. __________
破除,打破
④[2024·浙江1月考] Breaking down the routes into smaller
sections, she explored each day, one at a time. ______
分解
⑤Negotiations have broken down again, and I'm starting to
worry that we'll never reach an agreement for a new contract.
______
失败
(2)用break相关短语的适当形式填空
①［北师选三U9］ The Great Flu epidemic ___________ in 1918,
also known as the Spanish Flu, killing 50 million people.
②Scientists think they have ________________ in their attempt
to find the causes of many major diseases.
③When the bad news came, he ____________and cried.
broke out
broken through
broke down
④［《汤姆·索亚历险记》］ When school __________ at noon,
Tom flew to Becky Thatcher, and whispered in her ear.
⑤It is very difficult for the elderly to _________________ the old
traditional ideas.
broke up
break away from
(3)完成句子
［《汤姆·索亚历险记》］ His aunt Polly stood surprised a
moment, and then _________________________(发出温柔的笑声).
(读后续写之情感+动作描写)
broke into a gentle laugh
2 in turn 依次;轮流;逐个;转而;相应地
by turns 轮流,交替;时而,间或(表现出不同的情感或特质)
take turns to do sth/in (doing) sth 轮流做某事
It is one's turn to do sth. 该轮到某人做某事了。
【活学活用】
(1)用turn的相关短语填空
①There were cheers for each of the competitors as they spoke
________________.
②[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] I post my work on social media and,
________, have met some of the kindest people.
in turn/by turns
in turn
(2)完成句子
①Several students _____________________________(轮流讲述他们
的梦想) in fluent English.
②______________________________(轮到我发言时), my
confidence suddenly deserted me. (读后续写之心理描写)
took turns to tell their dreams
When it was my turn to speak
1(教材P34) Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a
football to the Moon, we could even say that it is also the
most popular sport out of this world!
考虑到尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球,我们甚至可以说它也是
地球之外最受欢迎的运动!
句型公式
given that(连词)引导状语从句
【句式点拨】
given that在句中引导状语从句,意为“鉴于;考虑到……”;given用作介
词时,后接名词、代词或动名词,意为“鉴于;考虑到……”。类似用法的
还有:assuming (that), supposing (that), providing/provided (that),
considering (that)等。
【活学活用】
完成句子
①［2020·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达］ _______________________________
_____________________(鉴于您很忙), I'd be very appreciative if
you could give some professional advice. (应用文写作之求助信)
②__________________________________________(鉴于他对冒险和
探索的热爱), Henry eagerly accepted the invitation to join the
expedition to the remote wilderness. (读后续写之心理描写)
Given your busy schedule/Given that you are very busy
Given his love for adventure and exploration
2(教材P35) It is fun enough to attract millions of people.
它有趣到足以吸引数百万人。
句型公式
adj.+enough+to do…足够……去做……
【句式点拨】
本句中的不定式to attract millions of people作结果状语,相当于“It
is so fun that it attracts millions of people.”中的结果状语从句。
【相关拓展】
不定式表示结果的常用结构汇总:
(1)adj./adv.+enough to do意为“足够……去做……”,相当于
so…that…引导的结果状语从句。
(2)too+adj./adv.+to do意为“太……而不能做……”。
(3)only to do sth意为“不料……;结果……”,表示出乎意料的结果。
(4)so/such…as to do意为“做……是如此……”。
【活学活用】
完成句子/一句多译
①［2024·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写］ I jumped out of the car, made
a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in,
_________________________(不料却读到这个信息):“Out of order.
Sorry.” (读后续写之动作描写)
only to read the message
②When Mrs Swenson called me, my mind went blank. I was
__________________________(太紧张了而说不出一句话).
(读后续写之心理描写)
too nervous to say a word
③[2020·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达] 所以您能抽出一些时间给我一些指导吗
(应用文写作之求助信)
→So would you be _____________________ some time to give
me some guidance (enough)
→So would you be ____________________ some time to give
me some guidance (so…as to)
kind enough to spare
so kind as to spare
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.The ideal diet is a __________(balance) one, without too much
or too little of any one thing.
balanced
2.With the aid of the most advanced ___________(equip), new
facts about the ancient pyramids in Egypt have recently come
to light.
equipment
3.In _________(respond) to the editor's suggestions, the author
made the necessary changes to improve the manuscript.
response
4.I was scared to _______(die) during the surfing trip when I
lost my balance and fell into the _________(power) waves, but
the instructor quickly came to my aid.
death
powerful
5.The __________(adjust) shelves in the bookcase allowed me to
arrange the height according to my needs, creating an ideal
storage solution to books of various sizes.
adjustable
6.__________(ultimate), the court's interpretation of the law will
determine the outcome of the case.
Ultimately
7.On the ______(base) of mutual respect and understanding, the
two renowned poets formed a deep bond, constantly inspiring
each other.
basis
8.The soccer player's story of overcoming numerous obstacles is
a great source of ___________(inspire) for young soccer players.
9.After a grueling workout, he checked his progress on the
fitness chart, despite being ________(sweat) and exhausted.
inspiration
sweaty
10.In _________(defend) of workers' rights, labour unions
organized strikes and negotiated for better wages, working
conditions, and job security.
defence
11.The ______________(disappear) of whales in this area was
due to illegal hunting.
12.To relieve ________(tense) before a big presentation, she
skipped her lunch break and went for a quick walk instead.
disappearance
tension
13.The coach persuaded the players _________(move) towards
their ultimate goal: winning the title of the world champion.
to move
14.According to a recent survey, 51% of the students
_________(involve) have used or are currently using fitness apps
to monitor their daily steps, heart rate and body weight.
involved
15._____________(represent) our college, I'd like to invite you, a
master of digital marketing, to deliver a seminar on the latest
industry trends and strategies to our business students.
Representing
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.When the car ____________(出故障), a kind stranger came to
our aid, offering to call for a tow truck.
broke down
2.Having finished reading the novels, I have built a larger
vocabulary, which, ________(相应地), has improved my writing
skills.
in turn
3.Conservationists are closely monitoring the endangered
species to prevent them __________(灭绝).
dying out
4.Brad didn't just sit there quietly; he was actively
___________(参与) the lesson.
5.Fires ___________(爆发) everywhere, and the entire city went
up in flames.
6.Plenty of books in the library allow you to read ____________
______________(尽情地).
involved in
broke out
to your heart's content
Ⅲ 句型训练
1.________________________________________, I suggest that the
design and decoration of your works embrace Chinese style.
(given)
鉴于你对中国文化的热情，我建议你的作品在设计和装饰上融入中
国风格。
Given your enthusiasm for Chinese culture
2.Students __________________________________________ will
certainly learn a lot of useful skills.
足够勇敢参加这个冒险课程的学生肯定会学到很多有用的技能。
brave enough to take this adventure course
3._________________, I came to understand my father's
intention. (状语从句)
随着时间的流逝,我渐渐明白了爸爸的意图。
As time went by
4.________________, I had reached the woods. (状语从句)
不知不觉中,我已经到了树林。
Before I knew it
Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and
mooncakes __________(eat) at welcome celebrations to represent
family unity.
are eaten
2.For the past three years he ___________________(employ) as a
firefighter.
3.He _______(envy) her—she seemed to have everything she
could possibly want.
has been employed
envied
4.They spent a lot of money __________(equip) the school with
new computers.
5.__________(equip) with necessary knowledge and skills, the
young man went to the job market with much confidence.
6.Albert ____(fall) silent and turned his attention to his food.
7.We heard a splash and then saw that Toni ___________(fall) in
the river.
equipping
Equipped
fell
had fallen
Ⅱ 构词法规则
构词法 前缀pre-表示“以前”、 “比……早”；
前缀fore-表示“前”、“预先”或“在……之前”等
指出下列黑体词的含义
1.［2024·新课标Ⅱ卷］ After harvest, users simply replace the
plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next
growth cycle started._____________
预先播种的
2.[2024·浙江1月考] …all the devices that connect us to the
global delivery system for various types of information that do
to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers. ____________
学龄前儿童
3.[2022·全国甲卷] I remember the first time I saw a humpback
whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric
creature and I thought it was smiling at us. ________
史前的
4.It is difficult to foresee how technology will change our lives
in the next decade. ____________
5.The weather service had forewarned the residents about the
approaching storm, giving them time to prepare. __________
预见，预测
预先警告
Ⅲ 熟词生义练
指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义
1.contract
①Our company was contracted to build shelters for the
homeless. ______________________________
②The exercise consists of stretching and contracting the leg
muscles. ____________
③He contracted malaria while he was travelling. ______________
___
(与……)订立合同;(与……)订立契约
使收缩;缩小
患上,感染 (疾病)
2.copy
[2023·全国甲卷] I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a
copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World. ______
一本
3.count
①[2020·江苏卷] When it comes to in-person humour, effort
counts a lot. ______
②Nobel was counted as one of the greatest scientists of the
world. ____________
重要
认为;被视为
4.course
①[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Students will work in groups to
complete four assignments(作业) during the course. ______
②Aircraft can avoid each other by altering course to left or
right. ______
课程
航线
③In the course of the interview, it became clear that he was
not the right person for the job.______
④A traditional British main course consists of a meat dish with
potatoes and other vegetables.________
⑤The front-desk manager suggested a restaurant at a golf
course across town that had great hamburgers. ______________
过程
一道菜
球场; 竞赛场地
5.cover
①The book covers a wide range of topics ranging from history
to science. __________
②［2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷］ More recently, as books have
become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them
as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers, pages or
even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
__________
包括,涵盖
封面,封皮
③［2020·全国新高考Ⅰ卷］ Her husband worked two jobs to
cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of
the children at times._____________________
④［2024·新课标Ⅱ卷］ However, most produce at the store
went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles
before reaching the table._______________
⑤She's covering the American election for BBC television.
______
⑥The reserve covers an area of some 1,140 square kilometres.
_____________
够付(费用)，足以支付
行走(一段路程)
报道
占(一片面积)
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
［2024·浙江1月考］ 请你写一篇短文向校英文报“Sports and
Health”栏目投稿，向同学们推荐一项适合课间开展的运动，内容包
括：
1.介绍这项运动；
2.说明推荐理由。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
Stand up and exercise, everybody!
1.______________________________________________________
__________________(说到学生在课间休息时进行的理想运动),
skipping is the one 2._______________________________________
__________________(我马上想到的).
Skipping, a simple but effective exercise, isperfect for the
limited time of school breaks 3._______________________
(考虑到它的很多好处). To begin with, as one of the full-body
When it comes to an ideal exercise for students to engage in at break
that immediately springs to my mind/occurs to me
given its many benefits
exercises, skipping can 4.____________________________________
____________________________(不仅锻炼我们的身体，还减少我们
的压力和紧张). In addition, this exercise 5._____________________
__________(只需要很少的设备)—just a rope—and can be
performed almost anywhere, from the schoolyard to a quiet
corner. What's more, skipping can be both an individual and a
group activity, 6.__________________________(适合不同的水平).
With just a few minutes during your break, you can enjoy
the benefits of rope skipping. 7.______________________________
_____(下次休息的时候试试吧).
not only build up our body but also reduce our stress and tension
involves very little equipment
suitable for different levels
Try it out during your next break
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
9.情感细节描写——悲伤与沮丧
【语言素材】
忧郁的;悲伤的 blue/moody/ups et/depressed 处于痛苦之中 in pain
极其伤心的 heartbroken/sorr owful 一种悲伤的情绪 a gloomy feeling
让某人难过的是 to one's sadness/sorrow 心情不好 be in a
bad/depressed
mood
痛苦的;难受的 miserable/painful 以悲伤的语 调/声音 in a sorrowful
tone/voice
沮丧的;受挫的 frustrated/discoura ged/disappointed 怀着沉重/ 沮丧/悲伤 的心情 with a
heavy/sinking/
broken heart
续表
绝望的;渴望的 desperate 心里一沉 one's heart sinks
垂头丧气的,萎靡 不振的 downcast 使某人伤心 break one's heart
悲哀,悲伤，悲痛 sadness/sorro w/grief 因悲伤而麻木 (be) numb with
grief
情绪低落 be down/low in spirits 悲伤不已 be overcome with
sorrow/sadness
绝望地 in despair 陷入绝望 sink into hopelessness/despair
续表
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ 单句表达
1._______________________________,I was desperate to be left
alone.
感到情绪低落/沮丧/悲伤/忧郁,我想独自静一静。
Feeling down/frustrated/sad/blue
2._________________________________, she watched him go.
她怀着沉重/沮丧/悲伤的心情,看着他离开。
With a heavy/sinking/broken heart
3._____________________ when Mr Bragg announced the
cancellation of the match.
当布拉格先生宣布取消比赛时,这个男孩的心里一沉。
The boy's heart sank
4.He thought what he had just said in anger must have
_________________________.
他心想,自己刚才由于生气所说的话一定伤了母亲的心。
broken his mother's heart
5.____________, I stared after her. How I wished I could help
her!
我盯着她的背影,伤心欲绝。我是多么希望我能帮她啊!
Heartbroken
6.I felt like I ____________________________________, and words
could not express my sorrow.
我感觉自己像是正漂浮在悲伤的海洋里,言语无法表达我的哀伤。
were floating in an ocean of sadness
7.As a result of an accident, Tony was suddenly thrown into a
world of darkness and _____________________________.
由于一场事故,托尼突然陷入黑暗的世界之中,陷入了绝望。
sank into hopelessness/despair
8.___________________________________. He sank onto the chair,
crying his eyes out.
悲伤如潮水一般涌来。他倒在椅子上,悲痛欲绝。
Grief/Sadness/Sorrow came in waves
Ⅱ 语段表达(悲伤与沮丧)
Emily used to be an enthusiastic young artist who shared
her paintings online, hoping to connect with like-minded people.
However, mean comments flooded in, saying her works were an
absolute disaster. Some even made personal attacks on her
appearance.
When reading these negative messages, she felt
1.____________________________________(既困惑又沮丧).
2.______________________(陷入自我怀疑), she started to question
her talent and intelligence. Each time she tried to paint, she
could only hear the mean comments echoing in her mind,
which 3._________________________________(导致她心情不好).
She was often seen 4.____________________(独自含泪坐着). The
joy of creating and sharing seemed to have vanished.
a mixture of confusion and frustration
Sinking into self-doubt
threw her into a depressed mood
sitting alone in tears
Seeing their daughter 5.________________(因悲伤而麻木),
Emily's parents decided not to let it continue. They had frequent
conversations with her, persuading her 6.______________________
____________________(不要被负面情绪影响). They also suggested
that Emily should join in the local art club where she could
gain objective comments about her paintings from real artists.
Gradually, Emily stepped out of the dark time and 7.__________
______________(重获信心). She learnt to focus on the positive
and not to be defined by cruel words of strangers.
numb with grief
not to be overcome by negative emotions
regained her confidence
作 业 手 册
(限时：35分钟)
Ⅰ 阅读理解
A[2024·浙江效实中学高三二模]
文体：记叙文 主题：人与自我 词数：379
As a hockey parent, while watching my son play from Mite
to Bantam, House League to Travel, I've learned that losing may
be best for kids.
In his third season in 2019, my son's team never lost more
than three straight games. There was happiness, boasting,
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celebration, pizza. In short, it was a typically good youth hockey
season. He improved as a player, but did not much change as
a person.
However, what happened the next year added its story to
the legends of sporting incompetence. Not merely weak but
pretty bad, this team lost 40 of their first 50 games, most of
the defeats coming in the course of two losing streaks. For a
time, I worried that these streaks would kill my child's love of
the game.
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But that's not what happened. As bad as it got, the losing
was clarifying. It weeded out the kids who were in it less for
the game than the glory, leaving just the diehards behind.
What started as a list of 17 of the team was cut down to 12. It
was especially instructive for the kids. It taught him a great
truth of the world: for everyone good, there is someone better.
What's more, the kids were learning the game in a way
that only losing can teach. Each player got to play everywhere,
to learn and appreciate the role of every position on the ice.
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They kept an eye on their opponents too, studying and
incorporating the tricks of success. In an effort to break the
streak, they went back to basics, accepted the wisdom of the
hockey ancients: if playing like a team, they can defeat a
collection of all-star cast; If doing small and unappreciated
tasks well, they can get the goal.
This new team had character and could never be counted
out, no matter the score. They had learned the most important
lesson: you can lose without being beaten.
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They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the
way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime.
When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it
was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into
winners in the only way that will stick—by losing.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的孩子和其队友
打冰球，从不断的失败中学到了一些教训。
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( )1.What does the author think about the son's team in
the third season in 2019
A.The team had a bad performance.
B.The team didn't live up to the author's expectations.
C.The team played typically well and won all the games.
D.The team didn't have the spirit of facing failure.
√
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段“In his third season in 2019, my
son's team never lost more than three straight games. There
was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. In short, it was a
typically good youth hockey season. He improved as a player,
but did not much change as a person.”可知，2019年的第三个赛
季，作者儿子的球队非常优秀，虽然失败过，但是还是很开心，并
没有真正体会到失败带给他们的影响。由此推知，作者认为儿子的
球队缺乏面对失败的精神。故选D。
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( )2.What does the underlined word “clarifying” refer to
A.The losing made the kids better understand hockey.
B.The losing helped the kids learn a great truth of the world.
C.The losing separated true players from those playing for glory.
D.The losing boosted the kids' teamwork.
√
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[解析] 词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“It weeded out the kids
who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving just
the diehards behind.”可知，虽然孩子的球队比赛失败，但是失败让
一切变得很明朗，因为这淘汰了那些不是为了比赛，而是为了荣誉
的孩子，只留下了真正想打比赛的球员。由此可推知，画线单词
clarifying代指下文内容，即失败将真正的球员和为荣誉而战的球员
分开了。故选C。
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( )3.According to the author, what have the son's team
learned
A.For everything big, there is something bigger.
B.Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.
C.God helps those who help themselves.
D.The hardest battle you're going to fight is the battle to be
just you.
√
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They had learned the
most important lesson: you can lose without being beaten. They
squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to
the final, where the winner was decided in overtime. When they
lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as
runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in
the only way that will stick—by losing.”可知，作者儿子的球队虽
然失败了，但他们不断进步，不断面对更大的挑战，成为更好的自
己。由此可推知，作者认为，孩子们学到的教训是：对于强大的挑
战，要不断进步，因为总有更大的挑战在等着你。故选A。
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( )4.What is the best title for the passage
A.How kids can deal with losing
B.What kids can learn from losing
C.Why kids can benefit from losing
D.How kids can get over losing
√
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[解析] 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“I've learned
that losing may be best for kids.”和最后一段中的“They had
learned the most important lesson: you can lose without being
beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it
all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in
overtime. When they lost that game and went into the
handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that
had been made into winners in the only way that will stick—by
losing.”可知，文章主要讲述了作者的孩子和其队友打冰球，他们从
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不断的失败中学到了一些教训。由此可知，B选项“What kids can
learn from losing”(孩子们能从失败中学到什么)适合作为文章的最佳
标题。故选B。
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B[2024·河南洛阳第四次模拟考试]
文体：说明文 主题：人与社会 词数：358
Going to the gym can take time and effort, it often hurts,
and it can be extremely tiresome. Most weight-related exercises
are a combination of sets and reps (组和次). In order to see
any significant change from any exercise, it will probably need
to be repeated six to eight times, for a minimum of three sets,
for about three months. For some, there's nothing more boring
than endless miles spent running on a treadmill (跑步机).
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But what if there were a way to relieve the tedium of
exercise while still getting a good workout Luckily for us,
there's virtual reality.
Many VR games are played while standing. In order to play
properly, the player is forced to move around swinging their
arms or using their legs. After an hour of this on a regular
enough basis, it's not surprising that many people unexpectedly
find themselves a little fitter. There are already a number of
virtual reality games which, intentionally or not, result in their
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player “getting a good sweat on” if played for enough time. For
example, there's a first person shooter which forces the player
to sidestep, duck and do other sport actions. That's cardio
(有氧运动). Or there's a music game which forces players to
shadowbox in order to hit the notes—that's an upper body
workout.
The potential for VR to help people get fit has been
noticed by one company. They want to take the whole
experience into the gym. They are making a resistance machine,
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designed to be used in combination with a VR headset. Players
challenge a virtual opponent in a series of games, which results
in a 30-minute full-body workout. However, the cost of the
equipment is expensive and there are safety concerns to be
worked out. So don't hang up your gym shorts just yet.
Although it's early days, for those of us who struggle to
keep passionate about exercise, a new solution could be coming.
And a world where a person can exercise and have fun at the
same time might be something that many people would want—
virtual or not.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了去健身房锻炼的枯燥
和劳累，提出了虚拟现实(VR)游戏作为一种新颖的锻炼方式，可以
边玩边健身。通过站立操作和身体活动，一些VR游戏能让玩家在不
知不觉中提升体能。一家公司看到了VR的健身潜力，正在开发结合
VR头盔的健身器材。虽然目前设备成本高且存在安全隐患，但对于
那些难以保持锻炼热情的人来说，VR健身提供了一个新的选择。
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( )5.In Paragraph 1, the author mainly conveys that going
to the gym ________.
A.cannot avoid being hurt
B.is hard to hold on
C.makes sense in a short time
D.means three months of exercise
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段“Going to the gym can take time
and effort, it often hurts, and it can be extremely tiresome.
Most weight-related exercises are a combination of sets and
reps (组和次). In order to see any significant change from any
exercise, it will probably need to be repeated six to eight times,
for a minimum of three sets, for about three months. For some,
there's nothing more boring than endless miles spent running
on a treadmill (跑步机).”可推知，在第一段中，作者主要表达了去
健身房很难坚持下去。故选B项。
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( )6.What does the underlined word “tedium” in Paragraph
2 most probably mean
A.Boredom. B.Tiredness.
C.Expense. D.Inconvenience.
√
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[解析] 词义猜测题。根据第一段中“For some, there's nothing
more boring than endless miles spent running on a treadmill
(跑步机).”提到的健身房跑步的无聊，以及画线单词所在句中“…while
still getting a good workout ”和下一句“Luckily for us, there's
virtual reality.”可知，此处为有一种方法可以缓解运动的枯燥感。故
此处画线单词tedium为“枯燥，无聊”的意思，与A项boredom“无聊”
意思一致。故选A项。
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( )7.What can be concluded about the 30-minute VR full-
body workout
A.Several security problems have been solved.
B.The relevant equipment has complex designs.
C.It has turned out to be very effective and popular.
D.It may be unavailable due to some disadvantages.
√
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Players challenge a virtual
opponent in a series of games, which results in a 30-minute
full-body workout. However, the cost of the equipment is
expensive and there are safety concerns to be worked out. So
don't hang up your gym shorts just yet.”可推知，由于某些不利
因素，30分钟的VR全身锻炼可能无法进行。故选D项。
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( )8.What's the author's attitude towards virtual exercise in
the future
A.Indifferent. B.Positive. C.Tolerant. D.Doubtful.
√
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although it's early days, for
those of us who struggle to keep passionate about exercise, a
new solution could be coming. And a world where a person
can exercise and have fun at the same time might be
something that many people would want—virtual or not.”
(虽然现在还为时尚早，但对于我们这些努力保持锻炼热情的人来说，
新的解决方案可能会出现。一个人可以同时锻炼和娱乐的世界可能
是许多人想要的——不管是不是虚拟的。)可推知，作者对未来虚拟
锻炼的态度是积极乐观的。故选B项。
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C[2024·河北衡水高三二模]
文体：说明文 主题：人与社会 词数：314
When it comes to lowering blood pressure, studies have
typically shown that aerobic (有氧的) exercises are best. Recent
research suggests another type of physical activity is worth
including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood
pressure.
Exercises that engage muscles without movement, such as
wall squats and planks, may be best for lowering blood pressure,
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according to a large study published in July, 2023 in the British
Journal of Sports Medicine.
This type of training is known as isometric exercise,
according to the Mayo Clinic. Isometric muscle action happens
when muscles contract but do not visibly change length, and
the joints involved don't move, facilitating stability of the body.
Isometric exercises can be done with weights or without, just
relying on the body's own weight.
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“These findings provide a comprehensive data-driven
framework to support the development of new exercise
guideline recommendations for the prevention and treatment of
high blood pressure,” said study co-author Dr Jamie O'Driscoll
in a news release.
The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials
that had reported the effects of exercise interventions, lasting
two or more weeks, on blood pressure between 1990 and
February 2023. From a review of 270 trials with 15,827
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participants, the researchers found that among HIIT
(High-Intensity Interval Training), isometric exercise, aerobic
exercise, dynamic resistance training and a combination of the
latter two, isometric exercise led to the greatest reductions in
blood pressure.
It's also important to note that there are other lifestyle
changes as well as exercise that can benefit your blood pressure.
These include keeping to a healthy weight, eating a balanced
diet, cutting down on salt, not drinking too much alcohol and
ensuring that you continue to take any prescribed medication.
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More research is needed to determine exactly why isometric
exercises might be better for lowering blood pressure than other
types of training, the authors said.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是一项新的研究表明
在没有运动的情况下锻炼肌肉可能最适合降低血压。
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( )9.What does the underlined part “isometric exercise” in
Paragraph 3 refer to
A.Exercise that is done with extra weights.
B.Exercise that involves visible muscle contraction.
C.Exercise that focuses on stability of the body.
D.Exercise that engages muscles without movement.
√
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[解析] 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Exercises that engage
muscles without movement, such as wall squats and planks, may
be best for lowering blood pressure, according to a large study
published in July, 2023 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.”
可知，不动的肌肉锻炼可能是降血压的最佳方式，结合画线短语前
的this type of training可知，这种类型的训练指的是上文中提到的
“不动的肌肉锻炼”，由此可知，画线短语应与“不动的肌肉锻炼”意义
相近。故选D项。
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( )10.How did the researchers carry out the study
A.By providing statistics. B.By interviewing experts.
C.By doing experiments. D.By making comparisons.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“From a review of 270 trials
with 15,827 participants, the researchers found that among HIIT
(High-Intensity Interval Training), isometric exercise, aerobic
exercise, dynamic resistance training and a combination of the
latter two, isometric exercise led to the greatest reductions in
blood pressure.”可知，此项研究是对以前的研究数据进行分析，通
过比较得出的研究结论——等长运动能最大限度地降低血压，由此
可知，该项实验是通过对比进行的。故选D项。
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( )11.What does the author suggest the future studies
about isometric exercise focus on
A.Exploring the reasons for its effectiveness.
B.Demonstrating its influences on mental health.
C.Assessing its suitability for different populations.
D.Determining its long-term impacts on blood pressure.
√
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据尾段中的“More research is needed to
determine exactly why isometric exercises might be better for
lowering blood pressure than other types of training, the
authors said.”可知，接下来需要更多的研究来确定为什么等长运动
比其他运动更能降低血压，由此可知，作者建议未来关于等长运动
的研究重点是探究其有效性的原因。故选A项。
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( )12.What is the text mainly about
A.The benefits of aerobic exercises.
B.The best exercise for blood pressure.
C.The effects of various types of exercises.
D.The importance of keeping a healthy lifestyle.
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[解析] 主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Recent research suggests
another type of physical activity is worth including as an
effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure.”以及下文
内容可知，新的研究发现一种体育活动值得作为预防和治疗高血压
的有效工具，由此可知，本文主要讲述的是一项对降血压最好的运
动。故选B项。
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Ⅱ 应用文写作［2024·湖南怀化高三一模］
假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了一场以“强体魄，健身心”为主
题的体育文化节活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.活动主题和内容；
2.活动反响。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
School sports and culture festival
draws excitement
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
School sports and culture festival draws excitement
Last Sunday witnessed a burst of excitement as the
annual school sports and culture festival with the theme of
“Fostering Physical and Mental Well-being” took centre stage.
Students engaged in friendly yet competitive matches in
basketball, soccer, and track events. Additionally, cultural
presentations including dance, theatre, and art exhibitions
highlighted students' creativity.
The festival was met with cheers and applause from
enthusiastic supporters, bringing students together in a display
of school spirit. This event not only promoted fitness and the
arts but also created a joyful atmosphere that resonated with
everyone involved.
A.词汇积累
1.incompetence n.无能力；不胜任；不称职
2.weed out剔除，淘汰 (无用的人和物)
3.diehard n.顽固分子;铁杆支持者
4.unappreciated adj.无人赏识的；无人感激的
5.count out逐一数出;不把……算在内
6.runner-up n.亚军
7.tiresome adj.讨厌的；烦人的
8.combination n.结合，联合；结合体，联合体
9.data-driven adj.数据驱动的
10.randomized adj.随机化的
B.熟词生义
1.stick v.经久留驻；粘住；卡住；刺入(或插入)；(尤指随意)放置；
容忍；被接受 n.枝条;木棍；拐杖
When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it
was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into
winners in the only way that will stick—by losing.(阅读A, Para.6)
【译文】当他们输掉比赛，进入握手的行列时，他们并不是作为亚军，
而是作为一支以唯一让人记住的方式——失败——成为赢家的球队。
2.duck v.低下头，弯下身(以免被打中或看见)；躲闪；躲避 n.鸭子
For example, there's a first person shooter which forces the
player to sidestep, duck and other sport actions.(阅读B, Para.3)
【译文】例如，有一款真人模拟射击游戏迫使玩家侧身、弯下身和
做其他运动动作。
3.contract v.(使)收缩，缩小；感染(疾病)；与……订立合同 n.合同，
协议
Isometric muscle action happens when muscles contract but do
not visibly change length, and the joints involved don't move,
facilitating stability of the body.(阅读C, Para.3)
【译文】等长肌肉运动发生在肌肉收缩但长度不明显变化时，相关
关节不动，从而促进身体的稳定性。
快速核答案
高中英语 必修第二册
Unit 3 On the move
听课手册
●语境词汇串记
1.equipment 2.playing 3.that 4.to join 5.As 6.sweaty
7.inspiring 8.was label(l)ed 9.has become 10.that
●考点互动探究
单词点睛
1.（1）①equipment ②for （2）①equipped with life jackets
and ropes ②not only equips me with the ability to express
myself fluently
2.（1）①to live ②contented （2）①be content
with/content ourselves with what we have ②to her heart's
content ③how to improve the contents of my essay
3.（1）①balanced ②against （2）余额
（3）①keeps/maintains the balance of nature ②balance my
major with/and my interest ③keeping her balance;lose her
balance
4.（1）①keeping ②involved （2）expect you to involve
yourself in; expect you to be involved in;expect your
involvement in
5.（1）response （2）①responding to ②in response to/to
make a response to
6.（1）①Inspired ②inspiring ③inspiration ④to explore
（2）Inspired by the fantastic scenery/wonderful landscape
7.（1）①to put ②persuasive ③persuasion （2）①tried to
persuade myself to keep/into keeping smiling ②to persuade
you not to give up/out of giving up your dreams
短语储存
1.（1）①出故障 ②身体垮掉 ③破除,打破 ④分解 ⑤失败
（2）①broke out ②broken through ③broke down
④broke up ⑤break away from （3）broke into a gentle
laugh
2.（1）①in turn/by turns ②in turn （2）①took turns to
tell their dreams ②When it was my turn to speak
句型透视
1.①Given your busy schedule/Given that you are very
busy ②Given his love for adventure and exploration
2.①only to read the message ②too nervous to say a word
③kind enough to spare;so kind as to spare
●当堂过关检测
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.balanced 2.equipment 3.response 4.death,powerful
5.adjustable 6.Ultimately 7.basis 8.inspiration 9.sweaty
10.defence 11.disappearance 12.tension 13.to
move 14.involved 15.Representing
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.broke down 2.in turn 3.dying out 4.involved in 5.broke
out 6.to your heart's content
Ⅲ 句型训练
1.Given your enthusiasm for Chinese culture 2.brave enough
to take this adventure course 3.As time went by
4.Before I knew it
●语言素养提升
Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.are eaten 2.has been employed 3.envied 4.equipping
5.Equipped 6.fell 7.had fallen
Ⅱ 构词法规则
1.预先播种的 2.学龄前儿童 3.史前的 4.预见，预测
5.预先警告
Ⅲ 熟词生义练
1.①（与……）订立合同;（与……）订立契约
②使收缩;缩小 ③患上,感染疾病） 2.一本
3.①重要 ②认为;被视为
4.①课程 ②航线 ③过程 ④一道菜 ⑤球场; 竞赛场地
5.①包括,涵盖 ②封面,封皮 ③够付（费用），足以支付
④行走（一段路程）⑤报道 ⑥占（一片面积）
●写作素养提升
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
1.When it comes to an ideal exercise for students to engage in
at break
2.that immediately springs to my mind/occurs to me
3.given its many benefits
4.not only build up our body but also reduce our stress and tension
5.involves very little equipment
6.suitable for different levels
7.Try it out during your next break
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
9.情感细节描写——悲伤与沮丧
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ.1.Feeling down/frustrated/sad/blue
2.With a heavy/sinking/broken heart 3.The boy’s heart sank
4.broken his mother’s heart 5.Heartbroken
6.were floating in an ocean of sadness
7.sank into hopelessness/despair
8.Grief/Sadness/Sorrow came in waves
Ⅱ.1.a mixture of confusion and frustration
2.Sinking into self-doubt 3.threw her into a depressed mood
4.sitting alone in tears 5.numb with grief
6.not to be overcome by negative emotions
7.regained her confidence
作业手册
Ⅰ 阅读理解
1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.D 10.D 11.A
12.B
Ⅱ 应用文写作
略
