Unit 5 Learning from nature
● 语境词汇串记
1.was brought 2.at 3.where 4.surroundings 5.that
6.supported 7.inspiration 8.actually 9.it 10.sustainable
● 考点互动探究
单词点睛
(1)①as ②to find ③employment
④employer; employees (2)运用,使用
(3)was employed in/employed himself in
(1)①from ②as ③staying
(2)resign myself to; be resigned to
(1)uneasy (2)①solve the maths problems with ease
②put others at (their) ease/make others feel easy/make others feel at ease ③to ease the pressure
短语储存
①take for granted what others do for you
②take my application into account/consideration ③Take it easy
④take it seriously ⑤Take your time/Take it easy
(1)①opposing ②adopting ③building
(2)strongly opposed to/against
句型透视
● ①were surprised/amazed to see (that)
②are delighted/glad/pleased to have you here
● 当堂过关检测
Ⅰ.1.architecture 2.purity 3.wisdom 4.employment
5.uneasy 6.Depressed 7.rejection 8.departure
9.evaluation 10.fulfil(l)ment 11.bowed
Ⅱ.1.are opposed to 2.take inspiration from 3.at ease 4.seek solutions to 5.take it for granted 6.be resigned to/resign himself to 7.in return for 8.in other words
Ⅲ.1.were astonished to find
2.It takes courage to learn
3.Bowing her head; it was her fault that
● 写作素养提升
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
1.It is such an unforgettable experience that I am eager to share it with you
2.we were amazed to find ourselves in
3.where the botanical diversity was breathtaking
4.where a group of deer were eating grass at ease
5.fully immerse ourselves in the wonders of the natural world
6.the importance of preserving our natural habitats
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
32.外貌细节描写(二)
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ.1.rosy cheeks; thin lips 2.a freckled face 3.his bushy eyebrows 4.odd-looking; had a thick moustache; long white hair 5.his slim but strong body 6.white-haired old man; wore the same blue worker’s jacket
Ⅱ.1.thin and pale 2.he has grown a beard 3.his hair is turning grey 4.smooth skin and straight black hair 5.have light skin and black hair 6.wear my hair in a ponytailUnit 5 Learning from nature
●ⅠA
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一种叫作马尾藻的入侵海藻对当地人们的生活产生了不良影响,奥马尔·巴斯克斯却看到了这种海藻的潜力,决定把所有人都认为不好的东西变成好东西,最终的结果是一种有机的、可持续的、生态友好的建筑材料诞生了,并且他建立了公司,为有需要的人建造了低收入住房。
1.C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“He watched his single mother struggle to put food on the table, and today the memory inspires him to help those in need. When an invasive (入侵的) seaweed called sargassum showed up on Mexico’s Caribbean beaches, Omar looked past the matter of it all and saw an opportunity to help others.”(他曾看到他的单身母亲挣扎着养家糊口,如今,这一记忆激励他去帮助那些需要帮助的人。当一种叫作马尾藻的入侵海藻出现在墨西哥的加勒比海海滩上时,奥马尔不以为意,他看到了一个帮助别人的机会。)可知,奥马尔童年的经历对他影响很大。故选C。
2.B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“With tourism dollars at risk, officials and locals alike were eager to remove the seaweed, but only Omar saw its true potential.”(由于旅游业收入面临风险,官员和当地人都急于清除海藻,但只有奥马尔看到了它的真正潜力。)可知,他们急于清除日益增多的马尾藻。故选B。
3.D 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When an invasive (入侵的) seaweed called sargassum showed up on Mexico’s Caribbean beaches, Omar looked past the matter of it all and saw an opportunity to help others.”(当一种叫作马尾藻的入侵海藻出现在墨西哥的加勒比海海滩上时,奥马尔不以为意,他看到了一个帮助别人的机会。)、第三段“Since people’s attitude towards the seaweed reminded him of his own life experiences, he decided to become an agent (推动者) for change.”(由于人们对海藻的态度让他想起了自己的生活经历,他决定成为一名变革的推动者。)和第五段“In 2018, Omar found a way to turn sargassum into building blocks that he called Sargablock. He creates these blocks by mixing 40% sargassum with other materials like clay, then putting them in a block-forming machine and baking them in the sun for days. The end result is an organic, sustainable, and ecologically friendly building material that experts say could last for 120 years.”(2018年,奥马尔找到了一种方法,把马尾藻变成了他称之为“Sargablock”的砖块。他将40%的马尾藻和黏土等其他材料混合在一起,然后把它们放在砖块成型机里,在太阳下烤上几天,就能制作出这些砖块。最终的结果是一种有机的、可持续的、生态友好的建筑材料,专家说这种材料可以使用120年。)可知,奥马尔积极帮助别人并且将马尾藻变成了环保的材料。由此推知,奥马尔是富有同情心且有创新精神的人。故选D。
4.C 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了一种叫作马尾藻的入侵海藻对当地人们的生活产生了不良影响,奥马尔·巴斯克斯却看到了这种海藻的潜力,决定把所有人都认为不好的东西变成好东西,最终的结果是一种有机的、可持续的、生态友好的建筑材料诞生了,并且他建立了公司,为有需要的人建造了低收入住房。由此推知,作者想要通过奥马尔的成功告诉我们解决方案可以从问题中获得。故选C。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。药物并不是人类的独家发明,研究人员通过观察红毛猩猩用一种植物进行自我治疗,发现有很多其他动物都会用植物和矿物质来自我治疗感染和其他疾病。
5.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Local people use the same plant Dracaena cantleyi, an unremarkable-looking plant with stalked leaves—to treat aches and pains.”可知,Dracaena cantleyi可以用来止疼,故选A。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Morrogh-Bernard’s co-authors studied its chemistry.”可知,Morrogh-Bernard的团队通过研究这种植物的化学性质证明了它的药物疗效,故选A。
7.D 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Such findings could help identify plants and chemicals that might be useful for human medications.”可知,这些发现的意义是制药公司可能会发现新的药物材料。故选D。
8.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“In creatures such as insects, the ability to self-medicate is almost certainly innate…”以及“But more complex animals may learn such tricks after an initial discovery by one member of their group.”可知,一些昆虫的自我治疗能力是天生的,而更复杂的动物是后天学习而得,故选D。
●Ⅱ【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去桂林的龙脊梯田徒步旅行的经历和感悟。
1.literally 考查副词。修饰动词means,应用副词literally,意为“按字面,字面上”。故填literally。
2.bears 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据句意和句中的means可知,这里陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时。主语为the mountain’s summit,所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填bears。
3.an 考查冠词。sight意为“景象”,为可数名词,这里表示泛指,且空后的incredible的发音以元音音素开头,应用不定冠词an。故填an。
4.took 考查动词时态和语态。空处作句子的谓语,take和主语the hike之间是主动关系,应用主动语态,再结合第二段中的during my visit to Guilin可知,这里是作者去桂林游览时发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填took。
5.who/that 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,先行词friendly locals指人,且在限制性定语从句中作主语,应用who或that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
6.featuring 考查非谓语动词。空处作非谓语,逻辑主语multi-course meals和feature之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词形式。故填featuring。
7.more 考查副词的比较级。由句意可知,此处指作者在品尝当地特色菜的过程中对梯田和乡村生活有了更多的了解,应用much的比较级more。故填more。
8.appreciation 考查名词。空处应用名词作felt的宾语。appreciation意为“理解”,由空格前的a可知,应该用单数形式。故填appreciation。
9.by 考查介词。由句意可知,此处表示“由几代家庭精心打造成景观的古老农业奇迹”。故填by。
10.and 考查连词。分析句子结构可知,unforgettable mountain views和cultural insights into rural China之间是并列关系,作with的宾语,应用and连接。故填and。
●Ⅲ【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一名当地导游的陪同下去探索婆罗洲的野生动植物的经历。
1.C 根据空前的“…turned off the smooth road…”和空后的hillside instead可知,他们走的是一个崎岖的山坡。故选C。rolling起伏的;spectacular壮丽的;rough粗糙的,崎岖的,条件艰苦的;breathtaking令人惊叹的。
2.A 根据句中的“…popped into my view…”可知,这里表示他们在行进的过程中突然看到了一朵迷人的花。故选A。suddenly突然;literally字面上;definitely肯定,确实;intimately密切地。
3.B 根据上文中的a charming flower和句中的“…I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower’s core.”可知,作者看到这朵花时非常高兴,忍不住把鼻子凑到花心去闻。故选B。alarmed害怕的;pleased高兴的,满意的;concerned担心的;upset失望的,沮丧的。
4.A 根据句中的to my surprise和上下文语境可知,这里表示转折,即尽管这朵花很迷人,但这只是旅途中的亮点之一。故选A。nevertheless尽管如此,然而;besides此外;instead反而;therefore因此。
5.D 根据空前的one of和下文中的“…there was still something I had yet to see.”可知,路上有许多精彩的事物,这朵花只是其中一个亮点。故选D。desire愿望,欲望;motivation动机;destination目的地;highlight最好(或最精彩、最激动人心)的部分。
6.C 根据空后的the end of my trip可知,这里表示旅行接近尾声。故选C。summarize总结,概括;suspect怀疑;approach靠近,接近;value重视。
7.D 根据上文中的“…there was still something I had yet to see.”可知,作者还有某些东西没看到,所以他们计划去寻找咸水鳄。故选D。hold onto抓紧;pick up拿起;reflect on沉思;hunt for搜索,寻找。
8.B 根据空后的of 6 metres or more并结合常识可知,这里指咸水鳄的长度。故选B。width宽度;length长度;height高度;size尺寸,大小。
9.A 根据下文中的“…we saw clearly it was a crocodile.”可知,水里有咸水鳄,所以他们用手电筒照的时候听到了黑暗中发出的一些微弱的声音。故选A。emerge出现,浮现;pause暂停;continue持续;decline下降,衰落。
10.B 根据句中的“…something unseen underwater…”和下文中的above the water line可知,他们听到了黑暗中发出的一些微弱的声音,好像是水下看不见的东西打破水面的声音。故选B。mud泥;surface水面;ground地面;shore岸,滨。
11.C 根据空前的two greedy并结合常识可知,鳄鱼在水中时常常将头露出水面观察,这里指他们看到了鳄鱼的两只贪婪的眼睛。故选C。leg腿;mouth嘴;eye眼睛;tooth牙齿。
12.A 根据句中的“As we drew near…”可知,当作者他们走近鳄鱼时,鳄鱼动了一下。故选A。move移动;sink下沉;bid投标;escape逃跑。
13.D 根据句中的“…we neared it…”和空后的its true dimensions可知,作者他们走近看时才辨认出鳄鱼的真实大小。故选D。give out用完,分发;let out发出,放出;turn out结果是,证明是;make out辨认出,听出,看出。
14.C 根据空后的“…back home, who had never been to Borneo…”可知,这里指的是家里从未去过婆罗洲的人们。故选C。victim受害者;opponent对手,竞争者;folk人们;guide导游。
15.B 根据空后的a hungry crocodile in the wild可知,这里指在野外遇到一条饥饿的鳄鱼。故选B。challenge挑战;encounter遭遇,遇到;terrify使恐惧;chase追逐。 Dan 1. (bring) up in the countryside by his grandparents. The rural environment was superb. The lane to his cottage was lined with mulberry trees while the pond nearby was covered with algae. He was 2. ease with the deliberate way of life. As a little boy, he would spend hours watching termites building their mounds. He was fascinated by the scene 3. dragonflies rested atop lotuses and their domestic chickens were laying eggs in the hay.
As he grew older, he had to move to the city. While he was reluctant to depart, he knew he should not reject the decent education in cities. In the new 4. (surround), his love for nature was never converted. He learned about a frontier subject—biomimicry, the practice of mimicking nature’s design to seek solutions to human problems. It was at that time 5. he realized he could employ the botanical knowledge that he attained during his childhood to convert how buildings were constructed.
After graduating from university, Dan worked as an architect. He started to design a building 6. (support) by a network of cables. But he was bothered by the problem of how to arrange these cables. He decided to take 7. (inspire) from nature. It occurred to him how spiders spun their webs. The webs, superficially weak, were 8. (actual) flexible and strong. Any prey caught would find 9. hard to withdraw. Dan decided to apply this concept to his design.
After months of hard work, Dan’s design was completed. Its wise application of engineering and biomimicry attracted attention from architects and nature lovers. The little boy who once loved observing nature became a pioneer in 10. (sustain) design.
employ vt. 运用,使用;雇用
(1)employ sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事
employ sb as… 雇用某人任……
employ oneself in (doing) sth=be employed in (doing) sth 忙于(做)某事
(2)employer n. 雇主
employee n. 雇员
employment n. 雇用
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①We really need to employ someone an assistant to help with all this paperwork.
②We’ve employed a market researcher (find) out what people really want from a cable TV system.
③Men and women must be treated equally in education and (employ).
④The amount of social insurance the provides for is based on their average monthly income from the previous year. (employ)
(2)熟词生义
[2023·全国甲卷] Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.
(3)完成句子
The architect (忙于) drawing up plans and he was so absorbed in it that he didn’t see Tom come in.
resign v.辞职,辞去;听任,顺从
(1)resign from 从……辞职
resign as 辞去(某职务)
resign oneself to (doing) sth 使自己安于(做)某
事;听任(做)某事;
只好接受(做)某事
(2)resigned adj. 逆来顺受的,顺从的
be resigned to (doing) sth 顺从(做)某事
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Ten years ago, he resigned a company in Beijing and went to Shenzhen to set up his own company.
②In order to look after her sick mother, Mary resigned manager of our department.
③Much as they hope to go home tomorrow, they’re resigned to (stay) on until the end of the year.
(2)一句多译
虽然一次又一次失败,但我不会听天由命。
→Although failure comes to me again and again, I will not fate. (v.)
→Although failure comes to me again and again, I will not fate. (adj.)
ease n.舒适;悠闲 v.(使) 宽慰;减轻;缓解
(1)at ease 舒适;自在;不拘束
at ease with sb 与……轻松地相处
put sb at (their) ease 使某人感到舒适/放松
with ease 轻易地;不费力地
(2)ease the pain/pressure/tension/burden
缓解疼痛/压力/紧张/负担
ease one’s mind 使某人放心
(3)easy adj. 安心的;不拘束的;舒适的,安逸的
uneasy adj. 担心的;忧虑的;不安的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
He looked (easy) and refused to answer questions put forward by his teacher.
(2)完成句子
①Gradually, his confidence grew and he could (轻易地解决这些数学问题). (读后续写之心理描写)
②It is important to know what to do to fit into different social situations, and what to do to (让别人感到舒服).
③You have to relax more, and do something fun (缓解压力).
take…for granted 认为……理所当然
(1)take it for granted that…想当然地认为……
(2)take sth seriously 认真对待某事
take sth lightly 轻率地对待某事
take it easy 不着急;放轻松;休息
take sth for example 拿……举例
take one’s time 从容不迫;别着急(指时间上),慢慢来
take…into account/consideration
考虑……
【活学活用】
完成句子
①Don’t (把别人为你做的事情当作理所当然). You should be grateful.
②I would appreciate it if you could (考虑我的申请). (应用文写作之申请信)
③“ (放轻松)!” she told herself, leaning back hard against the wind. (读后续写之心
理+动作描写)
④If we (认真对待它), we will certainly accomplish it soon.
⑤ (别着急)—it’s just a short distance from here to the restaurant.
be opposed to 反对
(1)oppose vt. 反对(计划、政策等);抵制;阻挠
oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事
(2)opposing adj. 相反的,对立的,截然不同的
[温馨提示] be opposed to 中to是介词,后面要加动名词。其他表示“反对”的短语还有:object to (to为介词), be against等。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[译林选二U2] As you know, in a football match, players try to kick or head the ball into the (oppose) team’s goal, which is the net between two big goalposts fixed to the ground.
②[译林选四U2] Borrowed words are an outcome of language development that can hardly be avoided, but some language communities oppose (adopt) words from other cultures.
③The residents are opposed to (build) a cemetery (公墓) in their neighbourhood.
(2)完成句子
While many people support this type of spending, others are (强烈反对) it.
● (教材P67) Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
当发现自己置身于这样一座真实地捕捉到自然形态之美的城市建筑中时,参观者常常叹为观止。
be amazed to find/see/learn, etc.
句型公式
【句式点拨】
描写主语的情感的形容词如amazed, surprised, disappointed, glad等后面可以加to see/hear/find等不定式结构表示原因。
【活学活用】
完成句子
①[人教选二U4] They (惊讶地看到) all the signs and advertisements were in French and many people spoke English with an accent.
②We (很高兴有你们在这里), who share in the spirit of friendship and cultural exchanges. (应用文
写作之欢迎辞)
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.In this article we are going to show you the amazing combination of modern (architect) and history.
2.White has always been a symbol of (pure) in Western cultures.
3.By reading books, we can attain the (wise) helping us solve practical problems in our daily life.
4.Many rural workers have moved to the cities to seek better (employ) opportunities and improved living conditions.
5.“Of course, I will,” I promised immediately but felt (easy) at the bottom of my heart.
6. (depress) and hopeless, Sarah ran across the hall to seek help from Katie.
7.Her frown deepened as she faced the (reject) of her project proposal, signaling her disappointment and frustration.
8.Due to unforeseen circumstances, he had to withdraw his funds and postpone his (depart) for the trip.
9.After careful (evaluate) by experts, the value of the property is estimated to be around $500,000.
10.After years of dedication and hard work, the young physician finally felt a sense of (fulfil) as she successfully treated her first complex case.
11.The princess, visibly moved, kept her head (bow) during the ceremony.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1.Many environmentalists (反对) the destruction of natural habitats for the sake of building botanical gardens, arguing that such projects often disrupt local ecosystems.
2.Many poets and artists (从……中获取灵感) nature.
3.Sitting by the serene pond with the gentle sound of water lapping against the shore, he finally felt (轻松), all his worries melting away.
4.Leaders are trying to (寻求……的解决办法) the nation’s financial problems.
5.Don’t (想当然地认为) that water would always be available anytime and anywhere.
6.Although he was reluctant to leave his hometown, John had to (顺从) moving to the city for his new job.
7.They have to pay taxes in their home country (作为对……的回报) the services provided by the government.
8.Competitive intelligence or (换句话说), knowing who your competitors are and what they do and how they do it is essential for any business.
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1.When the forty thieves returned to the cave, they that several money bags had disappeared.
当四十大盗回到山洞时,他们震惊地发现几袋钱不见了。
2.It’s hard to be a beginner again. something new. (it作形式主语)
重新开始做一件事情是很难的。学习新的东西需要勇气。
3. , Ruby felt so regretful and shameful in that she realized put them into this situation. (分词作状语;强调句)
鲁比低着头,感到非常后悔和羞愧,因为她意识到是她的错让他们陷入了这种境地。
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
假如你是李华,你们班上周六去森林公园(the Forest Park)参加主题为“亲近自然”的徒步活动。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历,内容包括:
1.活动中令你印象深刻的见闻;
2.你的感想。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
How is everything going Last Saturday, our class embarked on a superb hiking trip to the Forest Park, themed “Close to Nature”. 1. .(这是一次难忘的经历,我很想和你分享).
Upon arrival, 2. (我们惊奇地发现自己置身于……中) the peaceful beauty of the forest, 3. (那里的植物多样性令人惊叹). A particular highlight of the trip was encountering a calm scene by a small lake, 4. (一群鹿在那里悠闲地吃草), resembling a picturesque painting.
It was truly refreshing to disconnect from technology for a while and 5. (使我们自己完全沉浸在自然世界的奇观中). This experience has thus become a lasting reminder of 6. (保护我们的自然栖息地的重要性) for future generations.
Yours,
Li Hua
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
32.外貌细节描写(二)
【语言素材】
苍白的双颊 pale cheeks 蓄胡子 grow a beard
方脸 a square face 红润的双颊 rosy cheeks
蓝色的眼睛 blue eyes 厚/薄嘴唇 thick/thin lips
眉清目秀的脸蛋 a finely-cut face 有雀斑的脸 a freckled face
(续表)
头发扎成马尾辫 wear one’s hair in a ponytail 浓密的眉毛 bushy eyebrows
小/大耳朵 small/large ears 光滑的皮肤 smooth skin
宽额头 a broad forehead
【跟踪演练】
●Ⅰ 单句表达
1.Unforgettable were his pale blue eyes that sparkled like diamonds, , and .
让人难忘的是他那像钻石般闪闪发光的淡蓝色眼睛、红润的脸颊,以及薄嘴唇。
2.He was a skinny teenager with sandy blond hair and .
他是个瘦得皮包骨的十几岁的小伙子,有着沙质金发和一张有雀斑的脸。
3.There is a pair of big eyes below .
他浓密的眉毛下有一双大眼睛。
4.[人教选修一 U1] To the public, he was seen as a slightly but kind and funny man. He and , which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.
在大众眼中,他(爱因斯坦)是一个外表有点古怪但生性善良、风趣幽默的人。他胡须浓密,头发又长又白,有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。
5.[人教选修一U5] Indeed, was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life.
确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯,与其为之奉献了毕生的千千万万的中国农民无异。
6.[外研选修三U2](改编) A riding an ordinary bicycle around the streets of New York, always and simple black running shoes.
一位白发老人总是穿着同一件蓝色工装夹克和样式简单的黑色跑鞋,骑着一辆普通的自行车在纽约街头穿梭。
●Ⅱ 语段表达(外貌描写)
[外研必修一U3](改编)
Dad has changed quite a bit! In his thirties, he was quite 1. (消瘦及苍白), and he had red, bushy hair. Nowadays, he’s well-built and tanned. He’s always had a square jaw, but now 2. (他已经蓄起了胡子). Strangely, his beard is still red even though 3. (他的头发正在变成灰白)! Mum still has 4. (光滑的皮肤,黑色的直发), and jogging has kept her slim and fit. I still 5. (有着浅色的皮肤和黑色的头发), of course. I usually 6. (把头发扎成马尾辫) these days as it has got a lot longer. Mum says I had cute rosy cheeks, but now I have freckles. Unit 5 Learning from nature
(限时:35分钟)
●Ⅰ 阅读理解
A [2024·湖南衡阳高三二模]
文体:记叙文 主题:人与自然 词数:323
Omar Vazquez grew up in poverty on Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula. He watched his single mother struggle to put food on the table, and today the memory inspires him to help those in need. When an invasive (入侵的) seaweed called sargassum showed up on Mexico’s Caribbean beaches, Omar looked past the matter of it all and saw an opportunity to help others.
Sargassum is not dangerous, but it has an unpleasant smell and can become so thick that it keeps people from entering the water. Mexico has experienced record-setting amounts of the seaweed in recent years, and it has made its way to Florida’s beaches as well. Experts say there could be as much as 100 tons of sargassum blocking Mexican shorelines in 2023.
With tourism dollars at risk, officials and locals alike were eager to remove the seaweed, but only Omar saw its true potential. The professional gardener organized a beach clean-up that provided jobs for about 300 local families, but he knew there was more to do. Since people’s attitude towards the seaweed reminded him of his own life experiences, he decided to become an agent (推动者) for change.
When sargassum started arriving, everyone was complaining. “I wanted to make something good out of something everyone saw as bad,” Omar explained.
In 2018, Omar found a way to turn sargassum into building blocks that he called Sargablock. He creates these blocks by mixing 40% sargassum with other materials like clay, then putting them in a block-forming machine and baking them in the sun for days. The end result is an organic, sustainable, and ecologically friendly building material that experts say could last for 120 years.
To date, Omar’s company, Bluegreen Mexico, has used 700 tons of sargassum to build low-income housing for those in need. Omar said he would take on more projects, and donate more houses to single mothers like his own mum.
( )1.What can be learned from Paragraph 1
A.Omar’s family often assisted people in need.
B.Sargassum originated on the Caribbean beaches.
C.Omar’s experience in childhood has influenced him much.
D.Omar has met a lot of generous people since he was young.
( )2.How did most people react to the increasing sargassum
A.They didn’t take it seriously.
B.They were anxious to clear it up.
C.They viewed it as new materials.
D.They were excited to see a grand scene.
( )3.Which words can best describe Omar
A.Honest and ambitious.
B.Strong-willed and confident.
C.Quick-thinking and humorous.
D.Sympathetic and innovative.
( )4.What does the author mainly want to tell us through Omar’s success
A.It’s never too old to learn.
B.Love shines every dark corner.
C.Solutions can be obtained from problems.
D.Heroes arise from humble beginnings.
B [2024·湖北襄阳五中高三第二次适应性测试]
文体:说明文 主题:人与自然 词数:362
Medicine is not exclusively a human invention. Many other animals, from insects to birds to non-human primates, have been known to self-medicate with plants and minerals for infections and other conditions.
Behavioural ecologist Helen Morrogh-Bernard of the Borneo Nature Foundation has spent decades studying the island’s orangutans (红毛猩猩) and says she has now found evidence that they use plants in a previously unseen medicinal way.
During more than 20,000 hours of formal observation, Morrogh-Bernard and her colleagues watched 10 orangutans occasionally chew a particular plant (which is not part of their normal diet) into a foamy lather (泡沫) and then rub it into their fur. The apes spent up to 45 minutes at a time massaging the mixture onto their upper arms or legs. The researchers believe this behaviour is the first known example of a non-human animal using a topical painkiller.
Local people use the same plant Dracaena cantleyi, an unremarkable-looking plant with stalked leaves—to treat aches and pains. Morrogh-Bernard’s co-authors studied its chemistry. They added extracts (提取物) from the plant to human cells that had been grown in a dish and had been artificially stimulated to produce cytokines, an immune system response that causes inflammation (炎症) and discomfort. The plant extract reduced the production of several types of cytokines. The scientists reported the finding in a study published last November in Scientific Reports.
The results suggest that orangutans use the plant to reduce inflammation and treat pain. Such findings could help identify plants and chemicals that might be useful for human medications.
In creatures such as insects, the ability to self-medicate is almost certainly innate: woolly bear caterpillars infected with flies seek out and eat plant substances that are poisonous to the flies. But more complex animals may learn such tricks after an initial discovery by one member of their group.
For example, an orangutan may have rubbed the plant on its skin to try to treat parasites and realized that it also had a pleasant pain-killing effect. That behaviour may then have been passed on to other orangutans. Because this type of self-medication is seen only in south-central Borneo, Morrogh-Bernard says, it was probably learned locally.
( )5.What do we know about Dracaena cantleyi
A.It can serve as a painkiller.
B.It is orangutans’ normal diet.
C.It is a plant with a foamy lather.
D.It can function as building materials.
( )6.How did Morrogh-Bernard’s team prove the plant’s healing properties
A.By studying the plant’s chemistry.
B.By observing apes eating the plant.
C.By extracting cytokines from the plant.
D.By watching local people using the plant.
( )7.What is the significance of the findings
A.Botanists can better understand plants.
B.Scientists can find a new way to study apes.
C.Doctors may have the power to cure more diseases.
D.Drug companies may find new materials for medicine.
( )8.What can we learn according to the passage
A.Medicine is a human unique invention.
B.Plant extracts are the best to treat pain.
C.Humans and animals have a lot in common.
D.Insects have the natural ability to self-medicate.
●Ⅱ 语法填空
[2024·江西部分重点中学高三二模]
文体:记叙文 主题:人与自然 词数:231
Hiking the Longji Rice Terraces in southern China is something I would recommend to everyone to add to their bucket list. Longji 1. (literal) means “Dragon’s Backbone” due to the fact that the rice terraces look just like a dragon’s scales, while the mountain’s summit 2. (bear) a likeness to the backbone.
During my visit to Guilin, I decided to set out on a three-day hike through the famous Longji Rice Terraces. Known as the “Dragon’s Backbone”, the terraces were 3. incredible sight as they stretched across the green hills in complicated patterns looking like ripples of water.
The hike 4. (take) me through small villages set against the beautiful landscape. Local farmers were busy tending to the terraced rice fields that had been farmed for over 1,000 years. Along the paths, I passed orange groves and met friendly locals 5. offered me fresh lychees.
At night, I stayed in simple home stays run by farming families. Over multi-course meals 6. (feature) local specialties like sticky rice, I learned 7. (much) about the terraces and village life. The feeling of community spirit and connection to the natural environment was unique.
Reaching the hike’s end after three full days, I felt a profound 8. (appreciate) of these ancient agricultural wonders carefully built into the landscape 9. generations of families. The Dragon’s Backbone Terraces provided me with unforgettable mountain views 10. cultural insights into rural China.
●Ⅲ 完形填空 [2024·河北邢台高三二模]
文体:记叙文 主题:人与自然 词数:267
Borneo is home to some of the most extraordinary wildlife. Several years ago, I decided to go there for a visit. A local person offered to be my guide, which was a great bonus for me. One day, my guide turned off the smooth road and took me across a 1 hillside instead. We picked our way carefully when 2 a charming flower popped into my view among those stones. Oh, dear! More than 3 , I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower’s core.
4 , to my surprise, it was only one of the 5 during the trip. As I 6 the end of my trip, there was still something I had yet to see. We planned to 7 the most feared creature there, the saltwater crocodile, which can grow to a 8 of 6 metres or more. When we shone a flashlight towards the muddy shore, little sounds 9 in the darkness as if something unseen underwater had broken the 10 . Taking a second look, we spotted two greedy 11 just above the water line. As we drew near, it 12 and we saw clearly it was a crocodile. With great caution, we neared it and finally could 13 its true dimensions. It was a baby—no more than 0.6 metre long. Aha, whatever, I could now report to the 14 back home, who had never been to Borneo, that I had 15 a hungry crocodile in the wild and lived to tell the tale.
The world out there is so fascinating. Why not step outdoors and enjoy the wonders nature offers to you
( )1.A.rolling B.spectacular
C.rough D.breathtaking
( )2.A.suddenly B.literally
C.definitely D.intimately
( )3.A.alarmed B.pleased
C.concerned D.upset
( )4.A.Nevertheless B.Besides
C.Instead D.Therefore
( )5.A.desires B.motivations
C.destinations D.highlights
( )6.A.summarized B.suspected
C.approached D.valued
( )7.A.hold onto B.pick up
C.reflect on D.hunt for
( )8.A.width B.length
C.height D.size
( )9.A.emerged B.paused
C.continued D.declined
( )10.A.mud B.surface
C.ground D.shore
( )11.A.legs B.mouths
C.eyes D.teeth
( )12.A.moved B.sank
C.bid D.escaped
( )13.A.give out B.let out
C.turn out D.make out
( )14.A.victims B.opponents
C.folks D.guides
( )15.A.challenged B.encountered
C.terrified D.chased
A.词汇积累
1.block v.堵塞;阻碍 n.大块;积木;大楼;街区;阻碍,妨碍
2.exclusively adv.仅仅,专门地
3.massage v.用……揉擦
4.topical adj.(身体)局部的
5.innate adj.先天的,固有的
6.bucket list遗愿清单;愿望清单
B.长难句分析
They added extracts (提取物) from the plant to human cells that had been grown in a dish and had been artificially
stimulated to produce cytokines, an immune system response that causes inflammation (炎症) and discomfort.(阅读B, Para.4)
【分析】 第一个that引导定语从句,修饰先行词human cells; and连接两个并列的谓语动词had been grown 和had been stimulated;an immune system response为cytokines的同位语;第二个that引导定语从句,修饰先行词an immune system response。
【译文】 他们将这种植物的提取物添加到人类细胞中,这些细胞在培养皿中培养而成,并被人工刺激产生细胞因子,这是一种导致炎症和不适的免疫系统反应。(共106张PPT)
Unit 5 Learning from nature
语境词汇串记
考点互动探究
当堂过关检测
写作素养提升
作业手册
答案速查【听】
答案速查【作】
Dan 1._____________(bring) up in the countryside by his
grandparents. The rural environment was superb. The lane to
his cottage was lined with mulberry trees while the pond
nearby was covered with algae. He was 2.___ ease with the
deliberate way of life. As a little boy, he would spend hours
watching termites building their mounds. He was fascinated by
the scene 3._______ dragonflies rested atop lotuses and their
domestic chickens were laying eggs in the hay.
was brought
at
where
As he grew older, he had to move to the city. While he
was reluctant to depart, he knew he should not reject the
decent education in cities. In the new 4._____________(surround),
his love for nature was never converted. He learned about a
frontier subject—biomimicry, the practice of mimicking nature's
design to seek solutions to human problems. It was at that
time 5._____ he realized he could employ the botanical
knowledge that he attained during his childhood to convert
how buildings were constructed.
surroundings
that
After graduating from university, Dan worked as an
architect. He started to design a building 6.___________(support)
by a network of cables. But he was bothered by the problem of
how to arrange these cables. He decided to take
7.___________(inspire) from nature. It occurred to him how
spiders spun their webs. The webs, superficially weak, were
8.________(actual) flexible and strong. Any prey caught would
find 9.___ hard to withdraw. Dan decided to apply this concept
to his design.
supported
inspiration
actually
it
After months of hard work, Dan's design was completed. Its
wise application of engineering and biomimicry attracted
attention from architects and nature lovers. The little boy who
once loved observing nature became a pioneer in 10.__________
(sustain) design.
sustainable
1 employ vt. 运用,使用;雇用
(1)employ sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事
employ sb as… 雇用某人任……
employ oneself in (doing) sth=be employed in (doing) sth
忙于(做)某事
(2)employer n. 雇主
employee n. 雇员
employment n. 雇用
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①We really need to employ someone ____ an assistant to help
with all this paperwork.
②We've employed a market researcher ________(find) out what
people really want from a cable TV system.
as
to find
③Men and women must be treated equally in education and
_____________(employ).
employment
④The amount of social insurance the __________ provides for
___________ is based on their average monthly income from
the previous year. (employ)
employer
employees
(2)熟词生义
[2023·全国甲卷] Carson proves that a simple literary form that
has been passed down through the ages can still be employed
today to draw attention to important truths. __________
运用,使用
(3)完成句子
The architect ____________________________________(忙于)
drawing up plans and he was so absorbed in it that he didn't
see Tom come in.
was employed in/employed himself in
2 resign v.辞职,辞去;听任,顺从
(1)resign from 从……辞职
resign as 辞去(某职务)
resign oneself to (doing) sth
使自己安于(做)某事;听任(做)某事;只好接受(做)某事
(2)resigned adj. 逆来顺受的,顺从的
be resigned to (doing) sth
顺从(做)某事
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Ten years ago, he resigned ______ a company in Beijing and
went to Shenzhen to set up his own company.
②In order to look after her sick mother, Mary resigned ____
manager of our department.
③Much as they hope to go home tomorrow, they're resigned
to ________(stay) on until the end of the year.
from
as
staying
(2)一句多译
虽然一次又一次失败,但我不会听天由命。
→Although failure comes to me again and again, I will not
________________ fate. (v.)
→Although failure comes to me again and again, I will not
_______________ fate. (adj.)
resign myself to
be resigned to
3 ease n.舒适;悠闲 v.(使) 宽慰;减轻;缓解
(1)at ease 舒适;自在;不拘束
at ease with sb 与……轻松地相处
put sb at (their) ease 使某人感到舒适/放松
with ease 轻易地;不费力地
(2)ease the pain/pressure/tension/burden 缓解疼痛/压力/紧张/负担
ease one's mind 使某人放心
(3)easy adj. 安心的;不拘束的;舒适的,安逸的
uneasy adj. 担心的;忧虑的;不安的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
He looked ________(easy) and refused to answer questions put
forward by his teacher.
uneasy
(2)完成句子
①Gradually, his confidence grew and he could _______________
____________________(轻易地解决这些数学问题). (读后续写之心理
描写)
solve the maths problems with ease
②It is important to know what to do to fit into different social
situations, and what to do to _______________________________
_______________________________________(让别人感到舒服).
put others at (their) ease/make others feel easy/make others feel at ease
③You have to relax more, and do something fun ____________
________(缓解压力).
to ease the pressure
1 take…for granted 认为……理所当然
(1)take it for granted that… 想当然地认为……
(2)take sth seriously 认真对待某事
take sth lightly 轻率地对待某事
take it easy 不着急;放轻松;休息
take sth for example 拿……举例
take one's time 从容不迫;别着急(指时间上),慢慢来
take…into account/consideration 考虑……
【活学活用】
完成句子
①Don't _______________________________________(把别人为你做
的事情当作理所当然). You should be grateful.
②I would appreciate it if you could _________________________
____________________(考虑我的申请). (应用文写作之申请信)
take for granted what others do for you
take my application into account/consideration
③“_____________(放轻松)!” she told herself, leaning back hard
against the wind. (读后续写之心理+动作描写)
④If we ________________(认真对待它), we will certainly
accomplish it soon.
⑤___________________________(别着急)—it's just a short
distance from here to the restaurant.
Take it easy
take it seriously
Take your time/Take it easy
2 be opposed to 反对
(1)oppose vt. 反对(计划、政策等);抵制;阻挠
oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事
(2)opposing adj. 相反的,对立的,截然不同的
［温馨提示］ be opposed to 中to是介词,后面要加动名词。其他
表示“反对”的短语还有:object to (to为介词), be against等。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①［译林选二U2］ As you know, in a football match, players try
to kick or head the ball into the __________(oppose) team's
goal, which is the net between two big goalposts fixed to the
ground.
opposing
②［译林选四U2］ Borrowed words are an outcome of language
development that can hardly be avoided, but some language
communities oppose __________(adopt) words from other
cultures.
adopting
③The residents are opposed to _________(build) a cemetery
(公墓) in their neighbourhood.
building
(2)完成句子
While many people support this type of spending, others are
___________________________(强烈反对) it.
strongly opposed to/against
(教材P67) Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an
urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural
forms.
当发现自己置身于这样一座真实地捕捉到自然形态之美的城市建筑
中时,参观者常常叹为观止。
句型公式
be amazed to find/see/learn, etc.
【句式点拨】
描写主语的情感的形容词如amazed, surprised, disappointed, glad
等后面可以加to see/hear/find等不定式结构表示原因。
【活学活用】
完成句子
①［人教选二U4］ They __________________________________
(惊讶地看到) all the signs and advertisements were in French
and many people spoke English with an accent.
were surprised/amazed to see (that)
②We __________________________________________(很高兴有你
们在这里), who share in the spirit of friendship and cultural
exchanges. (应用文写作之欢迎辞)
are delighted/glad/pleased to have you here
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.In this article we are going to show you the amazing
combination of modern ____________(architect) and history.
2.White has always been a symbol of _______(pure) in Western
cultures.
3.By reading books, we can attain the ________(wise) helping us
solve practical problems in our daily life.
architecture
purity
wisdom
4.Many rural workers have moved to the cities to seek better
_____________(employ) opportunities and improved living
conditions.
employment
5.“Of course, I will,” I promised immediately but felt
________(easy) at the bottom of my heart.
6.___________(depress) and hopeless, Sarah ran across the hall
to seek help from Katie.
uneasy
Depressed
7.Her frown deepened as she faced the _________(reject) of her
project proposal, signaling her disappointment and frustration.
8.Due to unforeseen circumstances, he had to withdraw his
funds and postpone his __________(depart) for the trip.
rejection
departure
9.After careful ___________(evaluate) by experts, the value of
the property is estimated to be around $500,000.
evaluation
10.After years of dedication and hard work, the young
physician finally felt a sense of ___________(fulfil) as she
successfully treated her first complex case.
fulfil(l)ment
11.The princess, visibly moved, kept her head ________(bow)
during the ceremony.
bowed
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.Many environmentalists ________________(反对) the
destruction of natural habitats for the sake of building
botanical gardens, arguing that such projects often disrupt
local ecosystems.
are opposed to
2.Many poets and artists ____________________(从……中获取灵
感) nature.
take inspiration from
3.Sitting by the serene pond with the gentle sound of water
lapping against the shore, he finally felt ________(轻松), all his
worries melting away.
at ease
4.Leaders are trying to _________________(寻求……的解决办法)
the nation's financial problems.
5.Don't ___________________(想当然地认为) that water would
always be available anytime and anywhere.
seek solutions to
take it for granted
6.Although he was reluctant to leave his hometown, John had
to _______________________________(顺从) moving to the city
for his new job.
be resigned to/resign himself to
7.They have to pay taxes in their home country
_____________(作为对……的回报) the services provided by the
government.
in return for
8.Competitive intelligence or _______________(换句话说),
knowing who your competitors are and what they do and how
they do it is essential for any business.
in other words
Ⅲ 句型训练
1.When the forty thieves returned to the cave, they
_______________________ that several money bags had
disappeared.
当四十大盗回到山洞时,他们震惊地发现几袋钱不见了。
were astonished to find
2.It's hard to be a beginner again.________________________
something new. (it作形式主语)
重新开始做一件事情是很难的。学习新的东西需要勇气。
It takes courage to learn
3._________________, Ruby felt so regretful and shameful in that
she realized ____________________ put them into this situation.
(分词作状语；强调句)
鲁比低着头,感到非常后悔和羞愧,因为她意识到是她的错让他们陷入
了这种境地。
Bowing her head
it was her fault that
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
假如你是李华，你们班上周六去森林公园(the Forest Park)参加
主题为“亲近自然”的徒步活动。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分
享这次经历，内容包括：
1.活动中令你印象深刻的见闻；
2.你的感想。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
How is everything going Last Saturday, our class embarked
on a superb hiking trip to the Forest Park, themed “Close to
Nature”. 1._________________________________________________
_________________________.(这是一次难忘的经历，我很想和你分
享).
Upon arrival, 2.____________________________________
(我们惊奇地发现自己置身于……中) the peaceful beauty of the
It is such an unforgettable experience that I am eager to share it with you
we were amazed to find ourselves in
forest, 3.____________________________________________
(那里的植物多样性令人惊叹). A particular highlight of the trip
was encountering a calm scene by a small lake, 4._____________
______________________________________(一群鹿在那里悠闲地吃
草), resembling a picturesque painting.
It was truly refreshing to disconnect from technology for a
while and 5.________________________________________________
____________(使我们自己完全沉浸在自然世界的奇观中).
where the botanical diversity was breathtaking
where a group of deer were eating grass at ease
fully immerse ourselves in the wonders of the natural world
This experience has thus become a lasting reminder of
6._____________________________________________________
(保护我们的自然栖息地的重要性) for future generations.
Yours,
Li Hua
the importance of preserving our natural habitats
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
32.外貌细节描写(二)
【语言素材】
苍白的双颊 pale cheeks 蓄胡子 grow a beard
方脸 a square face 红润的双颊 rosy cheeks
蓝色的眼睛 blue eyes 厚/薄嘴唇 thick/thin lips
眉清目秀的 脸蛋 a finely-cut face 有雀斑的脸 a freckled face
头发扎成马 尾辫 wear one's hair in a ponytail 浓密的眉毛 bushy eyebrows
小/大耳朵 small/large ears 光滑的皮肤 smooth skin
宽额头 a broad forehead
续表
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ 单句表达
1.Unforgettable were his pale blue eyes that sparkled like
diamonds, ____________, and _________.
让人难忘的是他那像钻石般闪闪发光的淡蓝色眼睛、红润的脸颊,以
及薄嘴唇。
rosy cheeks
thin lips
2.He was a skinny teenager with sandy blond hair and
_______________.
他是个瘦得皮包骨的十几岁的小伙子,有着沙质金发和一张有雀斑的脸。
a freckled face
3.There is a pair of big eyes below ___________________.
他浓密的眉毛下有一双大眼睛。
his bushy eyebrows
4.［人教选修一 U1］To the public, he was seen as a slightly
_____________ but kind and funny man. He __________________
__________and _______________, which sometimes stood on end
as though he had just received an electric shock.
在大众眼中,他(爱因斯坦)是一个外表有点古怪但生性善良、风趣幽
默的人。他胡须浓密,头发又长又白,有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。
odd-looking
had a thick moustache
long white hair
5.［人教选修一U5］Indeed, ________________________ was just
like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had
devoted his life.
确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯,与其为之奉献了毕生的千千万万的中国农
民无异。
his slim but strong body
6.［外研选修三U2］(改编)A _____________________ riding an
ordinary bicycle around the streets of New York, always
__________________________________ and simple black running
shoes.
一位白发老人总是穿着同一件蓝色工装夹克和样式简单的黑色跑鞋,
骑着一辆普通的自行车在纽约街头穿梭。
white-haired old man
wore the same blue worker's jacket
Ⅱ 语段表达(外貌描写)
［外研必修一U3］(改编)
Dad has changed quite a bit! In his thirties, he was quite
1.______________(消瘦及苍白), and he had red, bushy hair.
Nowadays, he's well-built and tanned. He's always had a
square jaw, but now 2.______________________(他已经蓄起了胡
子). Strangely, his beard is still red even though 3.____________
___________(他的头发正在变成灰白)! Mum still has 4.___________
_________________________(光滑的皮肤，黑色的直发), and
thin and pale
he has grown a beard
his hair is turning grey
smooth skin and straight black hair
jogging has kept her slim and fit. I still 5.____________________
_________(有着浅色的皮肤和黑色的头发), of course. I usually
6.__________________________(把头发扎成马尾辫) these days as
it has got a lot longer. Mum says I had cute rosy cheeks, but
now I have freckles.
have light skin and black hair
wear my hair in a ponytail
作 业 手 册
(限时：35分钟)
Ⅰ 阅读理解
A[2024·湖南衡阳高三二模]
文体：记叙文 主题：人与自然 词数：323
Omar Vazquez grew up in poverty on Mexico's Yucatan
Peninsula. He watched his single mother struggle to put food
on the table, and today the memory inspires him to help those
in need. When an invasive (入侵的) seaweed called sargassum
showed up on Mexico's Caribbean beaches, Omar looked past
the matter of it all and saw an opportunity to help others.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Sargassum is not dangerous, but it has an unpleasant smell
and can become so thick that it keeps people from entering
the water. Mexico has experienced record-setting amounts of
the seaweed in recent years, and it has made its way to
Florida's beaches as well. Experts say there could be as much as
100 tons of sargassum blocking Mexican shorelines in 2023.
With tourism dollars at risk, officials and locals alike were
eager to remove the seaweed, but only Omar saw its true
potential. The professional gardener organized a beach clean-up
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
that provided jobs for about 300 local families, but he knew
there was more to do. Since people's attitude towards the
seaweed reminded him of his own life experiences, he decided
to become an agent (推动者) for change.
When sargassum started arriving, everyone was complaining.
“I wanted to make something good out of something everyone
saw as bad,” Omar explained.
In 2018, Omar found a way to turn sargassum into building
blocks that he called Sargablock. He creates these blocks by
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
mixing 40% sargassum with other materials like clay, then putting
them in a block-forming machine and baking them in the sun
for days. The end result is an organic, sustainable, and
ecologically friendly building material that experts say could last
for 120 years.
To date, Omar's company, Bluegreen Mexico, has used 700
tons of sargassum to build low-income housing for those in
need. Omar said he would take on more projects, and donate
more houses to single mothers like his own mum.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一种叫作马尾藻
的入侵海藻对当地人们的生活产生了不良影响，奥马尔·巴斯克斯却
看到了这种海藻的潜力，决定把所有人都认为不好的东西变成好东
西，最终的结果是一种有机的、可持续的、生态友好的建筑材料诞
生了，并且他建立了公司，为有需要的人建造了低收入住房。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )1.What can be learned from Paragraph 1
A.Omar's family often assisted people in need.
B.Sargassum originated on the Caribbean beaches.
C.Omar's experience in childhood has influenced him much.
D.Omar has met a lot of generous people since he was young.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“He watched his single
mother struggle to put food on the table, and today the
memory inspires him to help those in need. When an invasive
(入侵的) seaweed called sargassum showed up on Mexico's
Caribbean beaches, Omar looked past the matter of it all and
saw an opportunity to help others.”(他曾看到他的单身母亲挣扎着
养家糊口，如今，这一记忆激励他去帮助那些需要帮助的人。当一
种叫作马尾藻的入侵海藻出现在墨西哥的加勒比海海滩上时，奥马
尔不以为意，他看到了一个帮助别人的机会。)可知，奥马尔童年的
经历对他影响很大。故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )2.How did most people react to the increasing sargassum
A.They didn't take it seriously.
B.They were anxious to clear it up.
C.They viewed it as new materials.
D.They were excited to see a grand scene.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“With tourism dollars at risk,
officials and locals alike were eager to remove the seaweed, but
only Omar saw its true potential.”(由于旅游业收入面临风险，官员
和当地人都急于清除海藻，但只有奥马尔看到了它的真正潜力。)可
知，他们急于清除日益增多的马尾藻。故选B。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )3.Which words can best describe Omar
A.Honest and ambitious.
B.Strong-willed and confident.
C.Quick-thinking and humorous.
D.Sympathetic and innovative.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When an invasive (入侵的)
seaweed called sargassum showed up on Mexico's Caribbean
beaches, Omar looked past the matter of it all and saw an
opportunity to help others.”(当一种叫作马尾藻的入侵海藻出现在
墨西哥的加勒比海海滩上时，奥马尔不以为意，他看到了一个帮助
别人的机会。)、第三段“Since people's attitude towards the
seaweed reminded him of his own life experiences, he decided
to become an agent (推动者) for change.”(由于人们对海藻的态度
让他想起了自己的生活经历，他决定成为一名变革的推动者。)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
和第五段“In 2018, Omar found a way to turn sargassum into
building blocks that he called Sargablock. He creates these
blocks by mixing 40% sargassum with other materials like clay,
then putting them in a block-forming machine and baking them
in the sun for days. The end result is an organic, sustainable,
and ecologically friendly building material that experts say could
last for 120 years.”(2018年，奥马尔找到了一种方法，把马尾藻变
成了他称之为“Sargablock”的砖块。他将40%的马尾藻和黏土等其他
材料混合在一起，然后把它们放在砖块成型机里，在太阳下烤上几
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
天，就能制作出这些砖块。最终的结果是一种有机的、可持续的、
生态友好的建筑材料，专家说这种材料可以使用120年。)可知，奥
马尔积极帮助别人并且将马尾藻变成了环保的材料。由此推知，奥
马尔是富有同情心且有创新精神的人。故选D。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )4.What does the author mainly want to tell us through
Omar's success
A.It's never too old to learn.
B.Love shines every dark corner.
C.Solutions can be obtained from problems.
D.Heroes arise from humble beginnings.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了一种叫作马尾藻的入侵海藻对
当地人们的生活产生了不良影响，奥马尔·巴斯克斯却看到了这种海
藻的潜力，决定把所有人都认为不好的东西变成好东西，最终的结
果是一种有机的、可持续的、生态友好的建筑材料诞生了，并且他
建立了公司，为有需要的人建造了低收入住房。由此推知，作者想
要通过奥马尔的成功告诉我们解决方案可以从问题中获得。故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
B[2024·湖北襄阳五中高三第二次适应性测试]
文体：说明文 主题：人与自然 词数：362
Medicine is not exclusively a human invention. Many other
animals, from insects to birds to non-human primates, have
been known to self-medicate with plants and minerals for
infections and other conditions.
Behavioural ecologist Helen Morrogh-Bernard of the Borneo
Nature Foundation has spent decades studying the island's
orangutans (红毛猩猩) and says she has now found evidence
that they use plants in a previously unseen medicinal way.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
During more than 20,000 hours of formal observation,
Morrogh-Bernard and her colleagues watched 10 orangutans
occasionally chew a particular plant (which is not part of their
normal diet) into a foamy lather (泡沫) and then rub it into
their fur. The apes spent up to 45 minutes at a time
massaging the mixture onto their upper arms or legs. The
researchers believe this behaviour is the first known example of
a non-human animal using a topical painkiller.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Local people use the same plant Dracaena cantleyi, an
unremarkable-looking plant with stalked leaves—to treat aches
and pains. Morrogh-Bernard's co-authors studied its chemistry.
They added extracts (提取物) from the plant to human cells that
had been grown in a dish and had been artificially stimulated
to produce cytokines, an immune system response that causes
inflammation (炎症) and discomfort. The plant extract reduced
the production of several types of cytokines. The scientists
reported the finding in a study published last November in
Scientific Reports.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
The results suggest that orangutans use the plant to reduce
inflammation and treat pain. Such findings could help identify
plants and chemicals that might be useful for human
medications.
In creatures such as insects, the ability to self-medicate is
almost certainly innate: woolly bear caterpillars infected with flies
seek out and eat plant substances that are poisonous to the
flies. But more complex animals may learn such tricks after an
initial discovery by one member of their group.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
For example, an orangutan may have rubbed the plant on
its skin to try to treat parasites and realized that it also had a
pleasant pain-killing effect. That behaviour may then have been
passed on to other orangutans. Because this type of self-
medication is seen only in south-central Borneo, Morrogh-
Bernard says, it was probably learned locally.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。药物并不是人类的独家发明，研
究人员通过观察红毛猩猩用一种植物进行自我治疗，发现有很多其
他动物都会用植物和矿物质来自我治疗感染和其他疾病。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )5.What do we know about Dracaena cantleyi
A.It can serve as a painkiller.
B.It is orangutans' normal diet.
C.It is a plant with a foamy lather.
D.It can function as building materials.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Local people use the same
plant Dracaena cantleyi, an unremarkable-looking plant with
stalked leaves—to treat aches and pains.”可知，Dracaena cantleyi
可以用来止疼，故选A。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )6.How did Morrogh-Bernard's team prove the plant's
healing properties
A.By studying the plant's chemistry.
B.By observing apes eating the plant.
C.By extracting cytokines from the plant.
D.By watching local people using the plant.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Morrogh-Bernard's co-authors
studied its chemistry.”可知，Morrogh-Bernard的团队通过研究这种
植物的化学性质证明了它的药物疗效，故选A。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )7.What is the significance of the findings
A.Botanists can better understand plants.
B.Scientists can find a new way to study apes.
C.Doctors may have the power to cure more diseases.
D.Drug companies may find new materials for medicine.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Such findings could help
identify plants and chemicals that might be useful for human
medications.”可知，这些发现的意义是制药公司可能会发现新的药物
材料。故选D。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )8.What can we learn according to the passage
A.Medicine is a human unique invention.
B.Plant extracts are the best to treat pain.
C.Humans and animals have a lot in common.
D.Insects have the natural ability to self-medicate.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“In creatures such as
insects, the ability to self-medicate is almost certainly innate…”以
及“But more complex animals may learn such tricks after an
initial discovery by one member of their group.”可知，一些昆虫
的自我治疗能力是天生的，而更复杂的动物是后天学习而得，故选D。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅱ 语法填空
[2024·江西部分重点中学高三二模]
文体：记叙文 主题：人与自然 词数：231
Hiking the Longji Rice Terraces in southern China is
something I would recommend to everyone to add to their
bucket list. Longji 1.________(literal) means “Dragon's Backbone”
due to the fact that the rice terraces look just like a dragon's
scales, while the mountain's summit 2.______(bear) a likeness to
the backbone.
literally
bears
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
During my visit to Guilin, I decided to set out on a three-
day hike through the famous Longji Rice Terraces. Known as the
“Dragon's Backbone”, the terraces were 3.____ incredible sight as
they stretched across the green hills in complicated patterns
looking like ripples of water.
The hike 4.______(take) me through small villages set
against the beautiful landscape. Local farmers were busy tending
to the terraced rice fields that had been farmed for over 1,000
years. Along the paths, I passed orange groves and met friendly
locals 5._________ offered me fresh lychees.
an
took
who/that
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
At night, I stayed in simple home stays run by farming
families. Over multi-course meals 6._________(feature) local
specialties like sticky rice, I learned 7.______(much) about the
terraces and village life. The feeling of community spirit and
connection to the natural environment was unique.
Reaching the hike's end after three full days, I felt a
profound 8.____________(appreciate) of these ancient agricultural
wonders carefully built into the landscape 9.____ generations of
families. The Dragon's Backbone Terraces provided me with
featuring
more
appreciation
by
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
unforgettable mountain views 10._____ cultural insights into rural
China.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去桂林的龙
脊梯田徒步旅行的经历和感悟。
and
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1.________
literally
[解析] 考查副词。修饰动词means，应用副词literally，意为“按字面，
字面上”。故填literally。
2.______
bears
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据句意和句中的means可知，
这里陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语为the mountain's
summit，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填bears。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3.____
an
[解析] 考查冠词。sight意为“景象”，为可数名词，这里表示泛指，
且空后的incredible的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填
an。
4.______
took
[解析] 考查动词时态和语态。空处作句子的谓语，take和主语the
hike之间是主动关系，应用主动语态，再结合第二段中的during my
visit to Guilin可知，这里是作者去桂林游览时发生的事情，应用一
般过去时。故填took。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
5._________
who/that
[解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词friendly locals指
人，且在限制性定语从句中作主语，应用who或that引导定语从句。
故填who/that。
6._________
featuring
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处作非谓语，逻辑主语multi-course
meals和feature之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填featuring。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
7.______
more
[解析] 考查副词的比较级。由句意可知，此处指作者在品尝当地特
色菜的过程中对梯田和乡村生活有了更多的了解，应用much的比较
级more。故填more。
8.____________
appreciation
[解析] 考查名词。空处应用名词作felt的宾语。appreciation意为“理
解”，由空格前的a可知，应该用单数形式。故填appreciation。
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9.____
by
[解析] 考查介词。由句意可知，此处表示“由几代家庭精心打造成景
观的古老农业奇迹”。故填by。
10._____
and
[解析] 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，unforgettable mountain
views和cultural insights into rural China之间是并列关系，作with的
宾语，应用and连接。故填and。
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Ⅲ 完形填空［2024·河北邢台高三二模］
文体：记叙文 主题：人与自然 词数：267
Borneo is home to some of the most extraordinary wildlife.
Several years ago, I decided to go there for a visit. A local
person offered to be my guide, which was a great bonus for
me. One day, my guide turned off the smooth road and took
me across a . .1. . hillside instead. We picked our way carefully
when . .2. . a charming flower popped into my view among those
stones. Oh, dear! More than . .3. ., I bent down and put my nose
practically inside the flower's core.
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. .4. ., to my surprise, it was only one of the . .5. . during the
trip. As I . .6. . the end of my trip, there was still something I
had yet to see. We planned to . .7. . the most feared creature
there, the saltwater crocodile, which can grow to a . .8. . of 6
metres or more. When we shone a flashlight towards the
muddy shore, little sounds . .9. . in the darkness as if something
unseen underwater had broken the . .10. .. Taking a second look,
we spotted two greedy . .11. . just above the water line. As we
drew near, it . .12. . and we saw clearly it was a crocodile. With
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great caution, we neared it and finally could . .13. . its true
dimensions. It was a baby—no more than 0.6 metre long. Aha,
whatever, I could now report to the . .14. . back home, who had
never been to Borneo, that I had . .15. . a hungry crocodile in
the wild and lived to tell the tale.
The world out there is so fascinating. Why not step
outdoors and enjoy the wonders nature offers to you
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一名当地
导游的陪同下去探索婆罗洲的野生动植物的经历。
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( )1.A.rolling B.spectacular
C.rough D.breathtaking
[解析] 根据空前的“…turned off the smooth road…”和空后的
hillside instead可知，他们走的是一个崎岖的山坡。故选C。rolling
起伏的；spectacular壮丽的；rough粗糙的，崎岖的，条件艰苦的；
breathtaking令人惊叹的。
√
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( )2.A.suddenly B.literally C.definitely D.intimately
[解析] 根据句中的“…popped into my view…”可知，这里表示他们
在行进的过程中突然看到了一朵迷人的花。故选A。suddenly突然；
literally字面上；definitely肯定，确实；intimately密切地。
√
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( )3.A.alarmed B.pleased C.concerned D.upset
[解析] 根据上文中的a charming flower和句中的“…I bent down
and put my nose practically inside the flower's core.”可知，作者
看到这朵花时非常高兴，忍不住把鼻子凑到花心去闻。故选B。
alarmed害怕的；pleased高兴的，满意的；concerned担心的；upset
失望的，沮丧的。
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( )4.A.Nevertheless B.Besides C.Instead D.Therefore
[解析] 根据句中的to my surprise和上下文语境可知，这里表示转折，
即尽管这朵花很迷人，但这只是旅途中的亮点之一。故选A。
nevertheless尽管如此，然而；besides此外；instead反而；therefore
因此。
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( )5.A.desires B.motivations C.destinations D.highlights
[解析] 根据空前的one of和下文中的“…there was still something I
had yet to see.”可知，路上有许多精彩的事物，这朵花只是其中一
个亮点。故选D。desire愿望，欲望；motivation动机；destination目
的地；highlight最好(或最精彩、最激动人心)的部分。
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( )6.A.summarized B.suspected C.approached D.valued
[解析] 根据空后的the end of my trip可知，这里表示旅行接近尾
声。故选C。summarize总结，概括；suspect怀疑；approach靠近，
接近；value重视。
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( )7.A.hold onto B.pick up C.reflect on D.hunt for
[解析] 根据上文中的“…there was still something I had yet to
see.”可知，作者还有某些东西没看到，所以他们计划去寻找咸水鳄。
故选D。hold onto抓紧；pick up拿起；reflect on沉思；hunt for搜
索，寻找。
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( )8.A.width B.length C.height D.size
[解析] 根据空后的of 6 metres or more并结合常识可知，这里指咸
水鳄的长度。故选B。width宽度；length长度；height高度；size尺
寸，大小。
( )9.A.emerged B.paused C.continued D.declined
[解析] 根据下文中的“…we saw clearly it was a crocodile.”可知，
水里有咸水鳄，所以他们用手电筒照的时候听到了黑暗中发出的一
些微弱的声音。故选A。emerge出现，浮现；pause暂停；continue
持续；decline下降，衰落。
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( )10.A.mud B.surface C.ground D.shore
[解析] 根据句中的“…something unseen underwater…”和下文中的
above the water line可知，他们听到了黑暗中发出的一些微弱的声
音，好像是水下看不见的东西打破水面的声音。故选B。mud泥；
surface水面；ground地面；shore岸，滨。
( )11.A.legs B.mouths C.eyes D.teeth
[解析] 根据空前的two greedy并结合常识可知，鳄鱼在水中时常常
将头露出水面观察，这里指他们看到了鳄鱼的两只贪婪的眼睛。故
选C。leg腿；mouth嘴；eye眼睛；tooth牙齿。
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( )12.A.moved B.sank C.bid D.escaped
[解析] 根据句中的“As we drew near…”可知，当作者他们走近鳄鱼
时，鳄鱼动了一下。故选A。move移动；sink下沉；bid投标；
escape逃跑。
( )13.A.give out B.let out C.turn out D.make out
[解析] 根据句中的“…we neared it…”和空后的its true dimensions
可知，作者他们走近看时才辨认出鳄鱼的真实大小。故选D。give
out用完，分发；let out发出，放出；turn out结果是，证明是；
make out辨认出，听出，看出。
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( )14.A.victims B.opponents C.folks D.guides
[解析] 根据空后的“…back home, who had never been to
Borneo…”可知，这里指的是家里从未去过婆罗洲的人们。故选C。
victim受害者；opponent对手，竞争者；folk人们；guide导游。
( )15.A.challenged B.encountered
C.terrified D.chased
[解析] 根据空后的a hungry crocodile in the wild可知，这里指在
野外遇到一条饥饿的鳄鱼。故选B。challenge挑战；encounter遭遇，
遇到；terrify使恐惧；chase追逐。
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A.词汇积累
1.block v.堵塞；阻碍 n.大块；积木；大楼；街区；阻碍，妨碍
2.exclusively adv.仅仅，专门地
3.massage v.用……揉擦
4.topical adj.(身体)局部的
5.innate adj.先天的，固有的
6.bucket list遗愿清单；愿望清单
B.长难句分析
They added extracts (提取物) from the plant to human cells
that had been grown in a dish and had been artificially
stimulated to produce cytokines, an immune system response
that causes inflammation (炎症) and discomfort.(阅读B, Para.4)
【分析】第一个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词human cells; and连
接两个并列的谓语动词had been grown 和had been stimulated；
an immune system response为cytokines的同位语；第二个that引导
定语从句，修饰先行词an immune system response。
【译文】他们将这种植物的提取物添加到人类细胞中，这些细胞在
培养皿中培养而成，并被人工刺激产生细胞因子，这是一种导致炎
症和不适的免疫系统反应。
快速核答案
高中英语 选择性必修第三册
Unit 5 Learning from nature
听课手册
●语境词汇串记
1.was brought 2.at 3.where 4.surroundings 5.that
6.supported 7.inspiration 8.actually 9.it 10.sustainable
●考点互动探究
单词点睛
1.（1）①as ②to find ③employment
④employer;employees （2）运用,使用 （3）was employed
in/employed himself in
2. （1）①from ②as ③staying （2）resign myself to;be
resigned to
3.（1）uneasy （2）①solve the maths problems with ease
②put others at （their） ease/make others feel easy/make
others feel at ease ③to ease the pressure
短语储存
1.①take for granted what others do for you ②take my
application into account/consideration ③Take it easy
④take it seriously ⑤Take your time/Take it easy
2.（1）①opposing ②adopting ③building （2）strongly
opposed to/against
句型透视
①were surprised/amazed to see （that） ②are
delighted/glad/pleased to have you here
●当堂过关检测
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.architecture 2.purity 3.wisdom 4.employment 5.uneasy
6.Depressed 7.rejection 8.departure 9.evaluation
10.fulfil（l）ment 11.bowed
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.are opposed to 2.take inspiration from 3.at ease 4.seek
solutions to 5.take it for granted 6.be resigned to/resign
himself to 7.in return for 8.in other words
Ⅲ 句型训练
1.were astonished to find 2.It takes courage to
learn 3.Bowing her head;it was her fault that
●写作素养提升
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
1.It is such an unforgettable experience that I am eager to share it with you
2.we were amazed to find ourselves in
3.where the botanical diversity was breathtaking
4.where a group of deer were eating grass at ease
5.fully immerse ourselves in the wonders of the natural world
6.the importance of preserving our natural habitats
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
32.外貌细节描写(二)
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ.1.rosy cheeks; thin lips 2.a freckled face 3.his bushy eyebrows 4.odd-looking; had a thick moustache; long white hair 5.his slim but strong body 6.white-haired old man; wore the same blue worker’s jacket
Ⅱ.1.thin and pale 2.he has grown a beard 3.his hair is turning grey 4.smooth skin and straight black hair 5.have light skin and black hair 6.wear my hair in a ponytail
作业手册
Ⅰ 阅读理解
1.C 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.D 8.D
Ⅱ 语法填空
1.literally 2.bears 3.an 4.took 5.who/that 6.featuring
7.more 8.appreciation 9.by 10.and
Ⅲ 完形填空
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.B 11.C
12.A 13.D 14.C 15.B
