Unit 5 Into the unknown
● 语境词汇串记
1.dating 2.themselves 3.extremely 4.How
5.investigation 6.limited 7.ran 8.that 9.buried
10.from
● 考点互动探究
单词点睛
(1)buried (2)①buried herself/was buried in a book
②buried my face in my hands
①fallen into ruin ②in ruins
(1)abandoned (2)①abandoned the ship
②is abandoned to/abandons himself to despair
短语储存
● ①threw her arms around
②threw a smile at her/threw her a smile
③thrown herself into ④threw himself onto the bed
⑤throw it away
● 当堂过关检测
Ⅰ.1.expansion 2.buried 3.abandoned 4.investigation
5.was ruined 6.Dismissed
Ⅱ.1.think twice 2.check out 3.looked into 4.threw herself into 5.set out 6.beyond the reach of 7.fall into ruin 8.ran for their lives
Ⅲ.1.What struck/impressed me most was that
2.left me thinking
3.most of which
4.It is no surprise that
● 语言素养提升
Ⅰ.1.wept 2.won 3.winning 4.wound 5.withdrew
6.have written
Ⅱ.1.展示 2.急剧上升 3.使……尽快启动,促使……开始 4.把……列入黑名单 5.全面启动,加快开展
Ⅲ.1.①解开;打开 ②消除
2.①使烦恼 ②打乱,搅乱 ③打翻,碰倒
3.①把……视为,以……看待 ②参观;观赏 ③风景,景色 ④看法,见解 ⑤视野
4.①水井 ②涌出;溢出
5.①摇上/下(车)窗等 ②曲折而行,蜿蜒 ③缠绕
④上紧……的发条
● 写作素养提升
应用文写作
1.I’m thrilled to hear about your interest in
2.The exhibition is scheduled to take place from next Friday to the following Sunday
3.offer a window into the ancient world
4.allowing/enabling you to immerse yourself in the long history and civilisation of the region
5.allow/enable you to explore
6.Don’t miss this opportunity to witnessUnit 5 Into the unknown
●ⅠA
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。本篇文章主要围绕科学家发现了约1.55亿年前“消失的”阿尔戈大陆而展开。文章解释了阿尔戈大陆早年从澳大利亚大陆分离,往西北方向漂移,最终在印度尼西亚岛屿的东部以广泛分散的碎片形式被发现。这一发现对于科学家们研究生物多样性以及东南亚岛屿上神秘的华莱士线都有着重要的意义。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段“Using this theory, geologists at Utrecht University discovered that Argoland hadn’t really disappeared but survived as a ‘very extended and fragmented collection’ under the islands to the east of Indonesia.”可知,阿尔戈大陆以碎片的形式存在于印度尼西亚东部岛屿之下。故选D项。
2.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Unlike other continents like Africa and South America, which broke neatly into two pieces, Argoland split into many smaller fragments…”可知,阿尔戈大陆不像非洲和南美洲那样是整齐地分裂成两部分,阿尔戈大陆分裂成许多较小的碎片,再结合画线词下文“…which made it difficult for scientists to locate and study the continent’s geological features.”可知,这使得科学家很难确定它的位置并研究它的地质特征。故画线词所在句应表示阿尔戈大陆分裂成许多“分散的”小碎片。distributed意为“分散的”,故选C项。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第四段“Tracing the continents is vital for understanding processes like the evolution of biodiversity. It could help explain something known as the mysterious Wallace Line, which is an imaginary boundary that separates mammals, birds, and even early human species in Southeast Asian islands. The boundary has puzzled scientists because of how clearly it separates the island’s wildlife. To the west of the line are placental mammals like apes and elephants. But these are almost completely absent to the east, where you can find marsupials and cockatoos—animals typically associated with Australia. Researchers have theorized that this may be because Argoland carried its own wildlife away from Australia before it crashed into Southeast Asia, which helps explain why different species are found in different nations.”可推知,第四段提及“华莱士线”旨在强调追溯阿尔戈大陆的意义。故选B项。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Geologists have long been fascinated by a missing piece of Earth’s history—a lost continent called Argoland. Around 155 million years ago, the 5,000-kilometre continent broke off from Western Australia and began drifting(漂移), leaving behind a basin deep below the ocean known as the Argo Abyssal Plain. But where did Argoland actually go ”并结合本篇文章主要围绕科学家发现了约1.55亿年前“消失的”阿尔戈大陆而展开可知,A项“失落大陆的发现”能够概括文章的主旨,故选A项。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们首次探测到引力波,并以此对宇宙进行更深入地了解和研究。
5.C 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics was given for the confirmation of a prediction made 101 years earlier.”可知,2017年的诺贝尔物理学奖的颁发是对一个101年前的预言的证实,接下来介绍爱因斯坦的这个预言。由此可推知,提及爱因斯坦是给本文提供更多背景信息。故选C项。
6.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中“This detection marked the beginning of the era of gravitational wave astronomy, which uses gravity to examine the universe in the same way that conventional astronomy uses electromagnetic radiation, from visible light to radio waves and gamma rays.”可知,这一探测标志着引力波天文学时代的开始,由此可推知,这一探测是开创性的。故选D项。
7.A 段落大意题。通读最后一段“Gravitational wave detectors are interferometers (干涉仪). They work by dividing a ray of light into two, and sending each half down one of a pair of long, straight arms. At the end of the arms, the light waves are reflected back towards the source, where they are recombined. If that journey is uninterrupted, the returning rays will cancel each other out when they are put back together. If they do not, then that suggests some disturbance has disturbed them on their journey.”可知,本段主要介绍了引力波探测器的工作原理。故选A项。
8.A 主旨大意题。根据全文内容,并结合第二段中“The cause is gravitational waves. In 2015 gravitational waves were directly observed for the first time.”可知,本文主要介绍了科学家们首次探测到引力波,并以此对宇宙进行更深入地了解和研究。ripples(波纹)可以形象地描述引力波的形状。故选A项。
●Ⅱ【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了文物爱好者吴运杰制作的“全国文物古迹地图”记录了全国近万处历史古迹的地点的故事。
1.passionate 考查形容词。根据空格前的 is可知,空格处应用形容词作表语。故填passionate。
2.comes 考查动词时态和主谓一致。空格处作谓语,根据时间状语now可知,应用一般现在时,主语the great moment 为第三人称单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。
3.specifically 考查副词。空格处作状语,修饰动词located,应用副词形式。故填specifically。
4.which 考查定语从句。此处是“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的句子,空处在从句中作介词for的宾语,只能用which。故填which。
5.to represent 考查非谓语动词。空格处作目的状语,应用动词不定式形式。故填to represent。
6.protected 考查非谓语动词。根据空格后的名词sites可知,应用非谓语动词作定语,被修饰的名词sites和动词protect之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词形式。故填protected。
7.towering 考查非谓语动词。空格处作状语,主语architectures和动词tower之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词形式。故填towering。
8.for 考查介词。account for为固定搭配,意为“占比”。故填for。
9.have been lost 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空格处作从句的谓语,根据时间状语for such a long time可知,应用现在完成时,从句的主语that指代名词relics,为复数,和动词lose之间构成被动关系,应用被动语态,助动词用复数。故填have been lost。
10.but 考查连词。前后句之间为转折关系,应用连词but表示这种关系。故填but。
●Ⅲ【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了Bell Burnell在剑桥大学时发现脉冲星的故事。
1.D 根据“In the mid-20th century, boys could study technical subjects while girls were expected not.”可知,Bell Burnell的父母对男孩可以学习技术科目,而女孩则不能的政策提出了质疑。故选D。theory理论;subject科目;lesson功课;policy政策。
2.A 根据“Bell Burnell knew before leaving school that she wanted to be a radio astronomer.”可知,Bell Burnell想成为一名射电天文学家,这个愿望促使她去了格拉斯哥大学。故选A。wish愿望;condition条件;plan计划;design设计。
3.C 根据上文“In the mid-20th century, boys could study technical subjects while girls were expected not.”可推知,因为在20世纪中期,男孩可以学习技术科目,而女孩则不能,所以,在格拉斯哥大学她是班上唯一的女性。故选C。failure失败;student学生;female女性;scientist科学家。
4.B 根据文章第一句和“It was…to have a female student on this project.”可知,在当时女性不能学习技术科目,女学生参与该研究项目是不寻常的,这些都表明,在男性主宰的领域里,Bell Burnell必须再次证明自己的归属,做出点成绩才行。故选B。study学习;belong属于;work工作;graduate毕业。
5.B 根据“…and she saw something…to the first pulse, and thus 2 pulsars were discovered.”可知,Bell Burnell的第一个项目是与论文导师Hewish合作,挑选出某些被称为类星体的物体。故选B。turn off关闭;pick out挑选出;shoot down驳斥;clear away清除。
6.D 根据“Bell Burnell herself has said that the only other females…were secretaries.”可知,女学生参与甄选类星体物体的科研项目是不寻常的事情,因为在场的其他女性只是秘书。故选D。unnecessary不必要的;impossible不可能的;illegal非法的;unusual不同寻常的。
7.A 由语境及空后的“…were secretaries.”可知,此处指该科研项目在场的其他女性只是秘书,故选A。present出席的,在场的;alive活着的;overseas国外的;responsible负责任的。
8.C 根据“He thought that Bell Burnell had wired up the radio telescope…”可知,Bell Burnell负责操作望远镜并分析数据。故选C。break打破;clean打扫;run使运转;see看见。
9.A 根据“…that was why the new signal had appeared.”可知,Bell Burnell在查看数据时,看到了一个她无法解释的信号。故选A。explain解释;store储存;copy复制;recycle循环利用。
10.B 根据“To understand what it was…”以及“…who said it was interference.”可知,为了理解这是什么,Bell Burnell最终向Hewish提出了这个问题。故选B。signal信号;question问题;task任务;news新闻。
11.C 根据空后内容“…that was why the new signal had appeared.”可知,Hewish认为Bell Burnell把射电望远镜接错线了,这就是新信号出现的原因。故选C。wisely明智地;secretly秘密地;wrongly错误地;frequently频繁地。
12.A 由上文内容可知,自己的导师认为自己是操作错误而导致新信号出现,但是自己再次看到了这个信号,所以Bell Burnell感到很惊讶。故选A。surprised惊讶的;disappointed失望的;ashamed羞愧的;touched感动的。
13.D 根据空后的状语with his own eyes并结合前文内容可知,Hewish亲眼看到脉冲,知道Bell Burnell看到的脉冲不是干扰。故选D。check out查看,退房;come across偶然遇到;cast light on使人了解,使显得非常清楚;catch sight of看见。
14.C 根据with just one pulse并结合文章最后一句内容“…and thus 2 pulsars were discovered.”可知,此处指仅凭一个脉冲很难有令人信服的发现。故选C。puzzling令人困惑的;amusing有趣的,逗乐的;convincing令人信服的,有说服力的;lasting持久的。
15.B 根据“…and thus 2 pulsars were discovered.”可知,Bell Burnell在她的研究中,看到了与第一个脉冲相似的东西,因此发现了两颗脉冲星,故选B。familiar熟悉的;similar类似的;open开放的;important重要的。 Maya civilisation, 1. (date) back thousands of years, was once a glorious and prosperous society. The Maya built impressive temples and palaces, including pyramids. Furthermore, they threw 2. (them) into improving agriculture by digging huge canals. Their most notable achievements lie in astronomy. They created an 3. (extreme) accurate calendar which is nearly equivalent to a modern calendar. The value of these remarkable achievements has never been dismissed. 4. such an advanced civilisation fell into ruin has intrigued many archaeologists and scholars, to delve into the potential causes.
Based on an 5. (investigate), it is suspected that one cause of the downfall could be wars. With the expansion of the population, competition for 6. (limit) resources might lead to wars where people abandoned their homes and 7. (run) for their lives, eventually weakening its civilisation. Some archaeological finds indicate that it could be the megadrought caused by the reduction of tropical cyclones 8. led to food shortages and ultimately caused the Maya to make a getaway, leaving their cities 9. (bury) in the jungle.
The disappearance of Maya civilisation is also likely to be the result of a combination of factors. Whatever it is, the curious minds will never shrink 10. the adventure of looking into the mysteries of this ancient civilisation.
bury v.埋藏;覆盖
bury oneself in (doing) sth=be buried in (doing) sth
埋头于(做)某事;专心于(做)某事
bury one’s face in one’s hands 某人双手掩面
be buried in thought 陷入沉思
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
[译林选二U4] The time capsule, (bury) 50 feet below the ground in a park, was designed to be opened in the year 6939.
(2)完成句子
①She (埋头读书) or pulled a blanket over her head to refuse conversation. (读后续写之动作描写)
②Feeling as if everyone else were looking at and laughing at me, I (双手掩面). (读后续写之心理+动作描写)
ruin n.废墟;遗迹;毁灭 v.毁灭;使破产;毁坏
fall into ruin 衰落,衰败;沦为废墟
in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪
【活学活用】
完成句子
①The old house where he was born has (沦为废墟), so he wants to have it repaired.
②The strong earthquake left the city (严重受损) merely in several seconds.
abandon v.放弃;遗弃;舍弃,离开 n.放任,放纵
(1)abandon oneself to(=be abandoned to)
沉湎于……
(2)with abandon 纵情地;恣意地
(3)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的;放纵的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
[2022·全国乙卷] The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel (abandon).
(2)完成句子
①[人教选三U4] Before we (弃船), Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies.
②He (陷入绝望), not knowing what to do. (读后续写之情感描写)
● throw oneself into 积极投入到……中去
throw oneself onto 扑倒在……上
throw oneself at 冲向;向……猛扑过去
throw one’s arms around 猛地抱住
throw a look/glance/smile at sb(=throw sb a look/glance/smile) 猛然对某人投以一瞥或一笑
throw away 抛弃,丢弃;错过
【活学活用】
完成句子
①She was too excited to see him and she immediately (张开双臂抱住) his shoulders. (读后续写之情感+动作描写)
②When she found Emily in the crowd, Emily turned and (猛然向她微笑了一下). (读后续写之动作描写)
③Since her husband died, she’s (全身心投入) her work to forget her grief for him.
④Worn out, he (倒在床上) the moment he got home. (读后续写
之动作描写)
⑤So rare and precious is this opportunity that I don’t want to (错过它).
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Researchers are studying the long-term effects of climate change on the (expand) of the coral reef.
2.He stood on the sidewalk with his hands (bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.
3.The movie is set entirely within the playground of the (abandon) school.
4.The (investigate) revealed the presence of harmful substances in the polluted soil samples.
5.Much of the temple (ruin), but the front was whole, as well as a large hall behind it.
6. (dismiss) from my job last week, I felt so frustrated that I couldn’t fall asleep.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1.You must (再三考虑) and watch your step at this critical moment.
2.On the day of the concert, we showed up early to (检查) the stage.
3.The historian (调查) the origins and development of ancient civilizations to understand their societal structures.
4.Driven by her passion for acting, Sarah (积极投入到……中去) her practice sessions with renewed energy and looked forward to the upcoming show.
5.Before making a decision, she (着手) to explore all possible alternative solutions to the problem.
6.She put the medicine on the top shelf (够不着) her son.
7.The dry climate of Egypt has helped to keep the pyramids in good condition, and their very shape has made them less likely to (沦为废墟).
8.When the tsunami struck, people (逃命) in panic.
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1. though they had all suffered a lot, they never gave in. (主语从句)
让我印象最深的是,尽管他们都遭受了很多痛苦,但他们从未屈服。
2.What he said what kind of life I wanted to have. (leave+宾语+宾补)
他的话让我思考我想要什么样的生活。
3.In each packet there are batches of letters, are undated. (定语从句)
每个包裹里都有一批批的信件,其中大部分都没有写日期。
4. you won the contest. (it作形式主语)
你赢得比赛一点儿也不令人意外。
●Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.He (weep) bitterly when it was time for us to leave.
2.Which year was it that Italy (win) the World Cup
3.In my opinion, sports are not always about (win).
4.I (wind) up the watch and listened to it tick.
5.He reached into his pocket and (withdraw) a sheet of notepaper.
6.I hope what I (write) will be of benefit to someone else who may feel the same way.
●Ⅱ 构词法规则
构词法 合成动词:由两个或多个词组合而成,表示一个动作或状态
指出下列黑体词的含义
1.[2024·全国甲卷] We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities.
2.[2023·全国乙卷] …helping her skyrocket from an average member of the national team to the top of the sport.
3.[2022·全国甲卷] These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.
4.[2021·全国甲卷] It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
5.[2019·全国卷Ⅰ] The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work.
●Ⅲ 熟词生义练
指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义
1.undo
①He had eaten so much that he had to undo his belt a couple of notches.
②It’s very difficult to undo the damage that’s caused for lack of parenting in a child’s early years.
2.upset
①Don’t upset yourself about it—let’s just forget it ever happened.
②Any mechanical problem would upset our plans of driving across the desert.
③Our dog upset the picnic table, spilling food everywhere.
3.view
①[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
②Thousands of tourists come to view the parks every year.
③An aeroplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world.
④My personal view is that the students should be doing more work outside the classroom.
⑤The cloud lifted, and the tops of the mountains suddenly came into view.
4.well
①[2023·浙江1月考] The term “hutong”, originally meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
②As she read the letter tears welled up in her eyes.
5.wind
①Once she was in the car, she wound the window down/up.
②The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains and through valleys, until at last it reaches the sea.
③She was scared to death when she saw a snake winding around the tree.
④I forgot to wind my watch up last night, so it stopped.
应用文写作
假定你是李华,你市将要举办关于敦煌莫高窟(the Mogao Caves)的数字影像展,你的英国交换生朋友Anna来信向你咨询相关信息,请你给她回信,内容包括:
1.展览的时间和地点;
2.展览的内容。
注意:1.词数80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Anna,
1. (得知你对……感兴趣,我感到非常兴奋) the upcoming digital imagery exhibition of the Mogao Caves! 2. (该展览将安排在下周五至下下周日举行) at our City Museum of Art.
Nearly 500 high-quality digital photographs of the Mogao Caves will be displayed. These photographs 3. (提供了一个了解……古老世界的窗口) of Buddhism and art, 4. (使你能够沉浸在这个地区的悠久历史和文明中). Furthermore, interactive displays will 5. (使你能够探索) the history and preservation efforts of these treasures in depth.
6. (不要错过这个见证……的机会) the beauty and significance of the Mogao Caves up close, even without having to travel to the remote Gansu Province! Looking forward to seeing you there.
Yours,
Li HuaUnit 5 Into the unknown
(限时:35分钟)
●Ⅰ 阅读理解
A [2024·湖南新高考教学教研联盟高三一模]
文体:说明文 主题:人与自然 词数:347
Geologists have long been fascinated by a missing piece of Earth’s history—a lost continent called Argoland. Around 155 million years ago, the 5,000-kilometre continent broke off from Western Australia and began drifting (漂移), leaving behind a basin deep below the ocean known as the Argo Abyssal Plain. But where did Argoland actually go
The seabed structure suggests that the continent drifted northwestward and ended up Southeast Asia. But surprisingly, there is no large continent hidden beneath those islands, only small continental fragments (碎片) surrounded by ancient oceanic basins. Using this theory, geologists at Utrecht University discovered that Argoland hadn’t really disappeared but survived as a “very extended and fragmented collection” under the islands to the east of Indonesia.
Unlike other continents like Africa and South America, which broke neatly into two pieces, Argoland split into many smaller fragments that were dispersed, which made it difficult for scientists to locate and study the continent’s geological features. However, with advanced technology and the discovery, scientists can now piece them together.
Tracing the continents is vital for understanding processes like the evolution of biodiversity. It could help explain something known as the mysterious Wallace Line, which is an imaginary boundary that separates mammals, birds, and even early human species in Southeast Asian islands. The boundary has puzzled scientists because of how clearly it separates the island’s wildlife. To the west of the line are placental mammals like apes and elephants. But these are almost completely absent to the east, where you can find marsupials and cockatoos—animals typically associated with Australia. Researchers have theorized that this may be because Argoland carried its own wildlife away from Australia before it crashed into Southeast Asia, which helps explain why different species are found in different nations.
The story of Argoland is not one of complete disappearance but of transformation. As the world continues to evolve, this lost continent serves as a powerful symbol of the fragility of life on this planet, and a reminder of the importance of respecting and protecting the world that we live in.
( )1.What do we know about Argoland
A.It split into two pieces many years ago.
B.It broke away from the continent of Africa.
C.It sank to the bottom of the Argo Abyssal Plain.
D.It exists as fragments under the eastern islands of Indonesia.
( )2.What does the underlined word “dispersed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Crashed. B.Connected.
C.Distributed. D.Disappeared.
( )3.Why does the author mention the “Wallace Line” in Paragraph 4
A.To introduce the early history of Argoland.
B.To stress the significance of tracing Argoland.
C.To prove the biodiversity of Southeast Asian islands.
D.To explain the evolutionary process of Australian species.
( )4.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.The discovery of a lost continent
B.The boundaries of wildlife habitats
C.The geological features of Argoland
D.The formation of the Argo Abyssal Plain
B [2024·河北张家口高三三模]
文体:说明文 主题:人与自然 词数:299
The 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics was given for the confirmation of a prediction made 101 years earlier. In 1916 Albert Einstein, whose theories of special and general relativity revolutionized scientists’ understanding of the universe, predicted that, in certain circumstances, the fabric of the universe itself should swing and bend.
The cause is gravitational waves. In 2015 gravitational waves were directly observed for the first time. LIGO, an American observatory based in Washington State in that country’s northwest, and Louisiana in the southeast, detected waves produced by a pair of crashing black holes, each about 30 times the mass of the sun. That produced ripples (波纹) in space-time with a frequency of about 150Hz, or cycles per second, and a wavelength of around 2,000km.
This detection marked the beginning of the era of gravitational wave astronomy, which uses gravity to examine the universe in the same way that conventional astronomy uses electromagnetic radiation, from visible light to radio waves and gamma rays. On June 29th four projects led by researchers in America, Australia, China and Europe claimed to have pushed forward the state of that emerging art. They announced the detection of new, extremely low frequency gravitational waves which could offer insights into some of the hardest-to-study bits of the universe.
Gravitational wave detectors are interferometers (干涉仪). They work by dividing a ray of light into two, and sending each half down one of a pair of long, straight arms. At the end of the arms,the light waves are reflected back towards the source, where they are recombined. If that journey is uninterrupted, the returning rays will cancel each other out when they are put back together. If they do not, then that suggests some disturbance has disturbed them on their journey.
( )5.Why is Einstein mentioned in Paragraph 1
A.To make a prediction.
B.To make a comparison.
C.To offer more background.
D.To honour this great scientist.
( )6.Which word best describes the detection of gravitational waves
A.Expected. B.Surprising.
C.Accidental. D.Groundbreaking.
( )7.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about gravitational wave detectors
A.How they work.
B.What they can do.
C.Whether they are accurate.
D.Why they are used.
( )8.What is the best title of the text
A.Ripples in space-time
B.Theories to be confirmed
C.Predictions about the universe
D.Ways of observing the universe
●Ⅱ 语法填空 [2024·广东茂名高三一模]
文体:记叙文 主题:人与社会 词数:213
Recently, Chinese netizens expressed amazement at a map full of dotted signs. Wu Yunjie is the map maker, who is 1. (passion) about cultural relics. Clearly marking the country’s historic sites was once his pursuit, and now with perseverance and commitments 2. (come) the great moment he looks forward to.
In 2020, Wu started collecting information. Many historical sites cannot be located 3. (specific) and some information is not fully disclosed, for 4. he spent much time carrying out on-site visits.
Though facing difficulties, Wu has joy in this job. Now, the map includes nearly 10,000 historical landmarks using different colours 5. (represent) different categories: red signs show the cultural relic sites under state protection, while green signs stand for the 6. (protect) historical sites by the provinces. Scattered like stars in the sky and 7. (tower) on the ground, numerous tall ancient architectures are also marked on the map.
The cultural relics recorded on the map account 8. less than 2% of the over 760,000 immovable cultural relics. “If possible, I’d like to document many cultural relics that 9. (lose) overseas for such a long time. Those treasures may not be able to return to their homeland at the moment, 10. the stories they carry are what we need to see.”
●Ⅲ 完形填空 [2024·湖南普通高等学校招生全国
统一考试考前演练]
文体:记叙文 主题:人与社会 词数:273
In the mid-20th century, boys could study technical subjects while girls were expected not. However, Bell Burnell’s parents challenged these 1 , which enabled her to study science. Bell Burnell knew before leaving school that she wanted to be a radio astronomer. That 2 led her to go to the University of Glasgow, where she was the only 3 in her class. After graduation, Bell Burnell went to Cambridge University, where she yet again had to prove that she 4 .
Her first project, working with her thesis supervisor (论文导师) Hewish, was 5 certain objects called quasars (类星体). It was 6 to have a female student on this project. Bell Burnell herself has said that the only other females 7 were secretaries. At this stage, it was she who 8 the telescope and analysed the data.
One day, checking on the data, Bell Burnell saw a signal that she couldn’t 9 . To understand what it was she ended up bringing this 10 to Hewish, who said it was interference. He thought that Bell Burnell had wired up the radio telescope 11 and that was why the new signal had appeared. However, she saw the signal again afterwards. 12 , she tried to reach Hewish. Once he 13 the pulse with his own eyes, he knew it wasn’t interference, and a new research project began. But, with just one pulse it was hard to have a(n) 14 discovery.
A couple of days later, Bell Burnell was in her study, and she saw something 15 to the first pulse, and thus 2 pulsars were discovered.
( )1.A.theories B.subjects
C.lessons D.policies
( )2.A.wish B.condition
C.plan D.design
( )3.A.failure B.student
C.female D.scientist
( )4.A.studied B.belonged
C.worked D.graduated
( )5.A.turning off B.picking out
C.shooting down D.clearing away
( )6.A.unnecessary B.impossible
C.illegal D.unusual
( )7.A.present B.alive
C.overseas D.responsible
( )8.A.broke B.cleaned
C.ran D.saw
( )9.A.explain B.store
C.copy D.recycle
( )10.A.signal B.question
C.task D.news
( )11.A.wisely B.secretly
C.wrongly D.frequently
( )12.A.Surprised B.Disappointed
C.Ashamed D.Touched
( )13.A.checked out B.came across
C.cast light on D.caught sight of
( )14.A.puzzling B.amusing
C.convincing D.lasting
( )15.A.familiar B.similar
C.open D.important
A.词汇积累
1.basin n.盆地
2.split into分开(成为几个部分)
3.theorize v.从理论上说明;形成理论;理论化
4.transformation n.(彻底的)变化,改观,转变,改革
5.fragility n.脆弱,易碎(性)
6.confirmation n.证实;确认书;证明书
7.gravitational adj.引力的;重力引起的
8.uninterrupted adj.不受阻挡的;不间断的;持续不断的
B.长难句分析
Researchers have theorized that this may be because Argoland carried its own wildlife away from Australia before it crashed into Southeast Asia, which helps explain why different species are found in different nations.(阅读A, Para.4)
【分析】 that引导宾语从句;before引导时间状语从句;which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个句子;why引导宾语从句。
【译文】 研究人员从理论上推测,这可能是因为阿尔戈大陆带着自己的野生动物从澳大利亚漂移至东南亚,这有助于解释为什么不同的物种分布在不同的国家。(共96张PPT)
Unit 5 Into the unknown
语境词汇串记
考点互动探究
当堂过关检测
语言素养提升
写作素养提升
作业手册
答案速查【听】
答案速查【作】
Maya civilisation, 1._______(date) back thousands of years,
was once a glorious and prosperous society. The Maya built
impressive temples and palaces, including pyramids.
Furthermore, they threw 2.___________(them) into improving
agriculture by digging huge canals. Their most notable
achievements lie in astronomy. They created an
3.__________(extreme) accurate calendar which is nearly
equivalent to a modern calendar.
dating
themselves
extremely
The value of these remarkable achievements has never been
dismissed. 4.______ such an advanced civilisation fell into ruin
has intrigued many archaeologists and scholars, to delve into
the potential causes.
Based on an 5._____________(investigate), it is suspected
that one cause of the downfall could be wars. With the
expansion of the population, competition for 6.________(limit)
resources might lead to wars where people abandoned their
homes and 7._____(run) for their lives, eventually weakening its
How
investigation
limited
ran
civilisation. Some archaeological finds indicate that it could be
the megadrought caused by the reduction of tropical cyclones
8._____ led to food shortages and ultimately caused the Maya
to make a getaway, leaving their cities 9._______(bury) in the
jungle.
The disappearance of Maya civilisation is also likely to be
the result of a combination of factors. Whatever it is, the
curious minds will never shrink 10.______ the adventure of
looking into the mysteries of this ancient civilisation.
that
buried
from
1 bury v.埋藏;覆盖
bury oneself in (doing) sth=be buried in (doing) sth
埋头于(做) 某事;专心于(做)某事
bury one's face in one's hands 某人双手掩面
be buried in thought 陷入沉思
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
［译林选二U4］ The time capsule, _______(bury) 50 feet below
the ground in a park, was designed to be opened in the year
6939.
buried
(2)完成句子
①She __________________________________(埋头读书) or pulled
a blanket over her head to refuse conversation. (读后续写之动作
描写)
buried herself/was buried in a book
②Feeling as if everyone else were looking at and laughing at
me, I ____________________________(双手掩面). (读后续写之心理
+动作描写)
buried my face in my hands
2 ruin n.废墟;遗迹;毁灭 v.毁灭;使破产;毁坏
fall into ruin 衰落,衰败;沦为废墟
in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪
【活学活用】
完成句子
①The old house where he was born has _______________
(沦为废墟), so he wants to have it repaired.
②The strong earthquake left the city ________(严重受损) merely
in several seconds.
fallen into ruin
in ruins
3 abandon v.放弃;遗弃;舍弃,离开 n.放任，放纵
(1)abandon oneself to(=be abandoned to)
沉湎于……
(2)with abandon 纵情地;恣意地
(3)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的;放纵的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
[2022·全国乙卷] The one in the new environment should be
sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel ___________
(abandon).
abandoned
(2)完成句子
①［人教选三U4］ Before we ____________________(弃船),
Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our
most essential supplies.
abandoned the ship
②He ___________________________________________(陷入绝望),
not knowing what to do. (读后续写之情感描写)
is abandoned to/abandons himself to despair
throw oneself into 积极投入到……中去
throw oneself onto 扑倒在……上
throw oneself at 冲向;向……猛扑过去
throw one's arms around 猛地抱住
throw a look/glance/smile at sb(=throw sb a look/glance/smile)
猛然对某人投以一瞥或一笑
throw away 抛弃,丢弃;错过
【活学活用】
完成句子
①She was too excited to see him and she immediately
_______________________(张开双臂抱住) his shoulders.
(读后续写之情感+动作描写)
②When she found Emily in the crowd, Emily turned and
_____________________________________(猛然向她微笑了一下).
(读后续写之动作描写)
threw her arms around
threw a smile at her/threw her a smile
③Since her husband died, she's ___________________
(全身心投入) her work to forget her grief for him.
④Worn out, he ___________________________(倒在床上) the
moment he got home. (读后续写之动作描写)
⑤So rare and precious is this opportunity that I don't want to
______________(错过它).
thrown herself into
threw himself onto the bed
throw it away
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Researchers are studying the long-term effects of climate
change on the __________(expand) of the coral reef.
2.He stood on the sidewalk with his hands _______(bury) in the
pockets of his dark overcoat.
3.The movie is set entirely within the playground of the
____________(abandon) school.
expansion
buried
abandoned
4.The _____________(investigate) revealed the presence of
harmful substances in the polluted soil samples.
5.Much of the temple ___________(ruin), but the front was
whole, as well as a large hall behind it.
6.__________(dismiss) from my job last week, I felt so frustrated
that I couldn't fall asleep.
investigation
was ruined
Dismissed
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.You must ___________(再三考虑) and watch your step at this
critical moment.
2.On the day of the concert, we showed up early to
__________(检查) the stage.
think twice
check out
3.The historian _____________(调查) the origins and
development of ancient civilizations to understand their societal
structures.
looked into
4.Driven by her passion for acting, Sarah __________________
(积极投入到……中去) her practice sessions with renewed energy
and looked forward to the upcoming show.
threw herself into
5.Before making a decision, she ________(着手) to explore all
possible alternative solutions to the problem.
6.She put the medicine on the top shelf
____________________(够不着) her son.
set out
beyond the reach of
7.The dry climate of Egypt has helped to keep the pyramids in
good condition, and their very shape has made them less likely
to _____________(沦为废墟).
fall into ruin
8.When the tsunami struck, people _________________(逃命) in
panic.
ran for their lives
Ⅲ 句型训练
1._______________________________________ though they had
all suffered a lot, they never gave in. (主语从句)
让我印象最深的是,尽管他们都遭受了很多痛苦,但他们从未屈服。
What struck/impressed me most was that
2.What he said ________________ what kind of life I wanted to
have. (leave+宾语+宾补)
他的话让我思考我想要什么样的生活。
left me thinking
3.In each packet there are batches of letters, _______________
are undated. (定语从句)
每个包裹里都有一批批的信件,其中大部分都没有写日期。
most of which
4.____________________ you won the contest. (it作形式主语)
你赢得比赛一点儿也不令人意外。
It is no surprise that
Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.He ______(weep) bitterly when it was time for us to leave.
2.Which year was it that Italy _____(win) the World Cup
3.In my opinion, sports are not always about ________(win).
4.I ________(wind) up the watch and listened to it tick.
5.He reached into his pocket and __________(withdraw) a sheet
of notepaper.
6.I hope what I _____________(write) will be of benefit to
someone else who may feel the same way.
wept
won
winning
wound
withdrew
have written
Ⅱ 构词法规则
构词法 合成动词:由两个或多个词组合而成，表示一个动作或状态
指出下列黑体词的含义
1.[2024·全国甲卷] We look forward to welcoming you as we
showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through
performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. ______
展示
2.[2023·全国乙卷] …helping her skyrocket from an average
member of the national team to the top of the sport.
__________
急剧上升
3.[2022·全国甲卷] These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her
and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never
forget. ____________________________
使……尽快启动， 促使……开始
4.[2021·全国甲卷] It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part
of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the
Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada. _________________
把……列入黑名单
5.[2019·全国卷Ⅰ] The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities
strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills
and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and
work.____________________
全面启动，加快开展
Ⅲ 熟词生义练
指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义
1.undo
①He had eaten so much that he had to undo his belt a
couple of notches. __________
②It's very difficult to undo the damage that's caused for lack
of parenting in a child's early years. ______
解开;打开
消除
2.upset
①Don't upset yourself about it—let's just forget it ever
happened. ________
②Any mechanical problem would upset our plans of driving
across the desert. ____________
③Our dog upset the picnic table, spilling food everywhere.
____________
使烦恼
打乱，搅乱
打翻，碰倒
3.view
①[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] You can view these practices as a
toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle
that works for your particular circumstances. __________________
____
把……视为,以……看待
②Thousands of tourists come to view the parks every year.
__________
参观;观赏
③An aeroplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of
the world. __________
④My personal view is that the students should be doing more
work outside the classroom. __________
⑤The cloud lifted, and the tops of the mountains suddenly
came into view. ______
风景,景色
看法,见解
视野
4.well
①[2023·浙江1月考] The term “hutong”, originally meaning “water
well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
______
水井
②As she read the letter tears welled up in her eyes.
__________
涌出;溢出
5.wind
①Once she was in the car, she wound the window down/up.
________________
摇上/下(车)窗等
②The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across
deserts, over mountains and through valleys, until at last it
reaches the sea. ______________
曲折而行,蜿蜒
③She was scared to death when she saw a snake winding
around the tree. ______
④I forgot to wind my watch up last night, so it stopped.
_______________
缠绕
上紧……的发条
应用文写作
假定你是李华，你市将要举办关于敦煌莫高窟(the Mogao
Caves)的数字影像展，你的英国交换生朋友Anna来信向你咨询相关
信息，请你给她回信，内容包括：
1.展览的时间和地点；
2.展览的内容。
注意：1.词数80个左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Anna,
1.________________________________________(得知你对……
感兴趣，我感到非常兴奋) the upcoming digital imagery
exhibition of the Mogao Caves! 2.____________________________
___________________________________________________
(该展览将安排在下周五至下下周日举行) at our City Museum of
Art.
I'm thrilled to hear about your interest in
The exhibition is scheduled to take place from next Friday to the following Sunday
Nearly 500 high-quality digital photographs of the Mogao
Caves will be displayed. These photographs 3._________________
_____________________(提供了一个了解……古老世界的窗口) of
Buddhism and art, 4.________________________________________
_____________________________________________(使你能够沉浸
在这个地区的悠久历史和文明中). Furthermore, interactive displays
will 5.___________________________(使你能够探索) the history
and preservation efforts of these treasures in depth.
offer a window into the ancient world
allowing/enabling you to immerse yourself in the long history and civilisation of the region
allow/enable you to explore
6.____________________________________(不要错过这个见
证……的机会) the beauty and significance of the Mogao Caves
up close, even without having to travel to the remote Gansu
Province! Looking forward to seeing you there.
Yours,
Li Hua
Don't miss this opportunity to witness
作 业 手 册
(限时：35分钟)
Ⅰ 阅读理解
A[2024·湖南新高考教学教研联盟高三一模]
文体：说明文 主题：人与自然 词数：347
Geologists have long been fascinated by a missing piece of
Earth's history—a lost continent called Argoland. Around 155
million years ago, the 5,000-kilometre continent broke off from
Western Australia and began drifting (漂移), leaving behind a
basin deep below the ocean known as the Argo Abyssal Plain.
But where did Argoland actually go
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
The seabed structure suggests that the continent drifted
northwestward and ended up Southeast Asia. But surprisingly,
there is no large continent hidden beneath those islands, only
small continental fragments (碎片) surrounded by ancient oceanic
basins. Using this theory, geologists at Utrecht University
discovered that Argoland hadn't really disappeared but survived
as a “very extended and fragmented collection” under the
islands to the east of Indonesia.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Unlike other continents like Africa and South America, which
broke neatly into two pieces, Argoland split into many smaller
fragments that were dispersed, which made it difficult for
scientists to locate and study the continent's geological features.
However, with advanced technology and the discovery, scientists
can now piece them together.
Tracing the continents is vital for understanding processes
like the evolution of biodiversity. It could help explain something
known as the mysterious Wallace Line, which is an imaginary
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
boundary that separates mammals, birds, and even early human
species in Southeast Asian islands. The boundary has puzzled
scientists because of how clearly it separates the island's wildlife.
To the west of the line are placental mammals like apes and
elephants. But these are almost completely absent to the east,
where you can find marsupials and cockatoos—animals typically
associated with Australia. Researchers have theorized that this
may be because Argoland carried its own wildlife away from
Australia before it crashed into Southeast Asia, which helps
explain why different species are found in different nations.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
The story of Argoland is not one of complete
disappearance but of transformation. As the world continues to
evolve, this lost continent serves as a powerful symbol of the
fragility of life on this planet, and a reminder of the importance
of respecting and protecting the world that we live in.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本篇文章主要围绕科学家发现了
约1.55亿年前“消失的”阿尔戈大陆而展开。文章解释了阿尔戈大陆早
年从澳大利亚大陆分离，往西北方向漂移，最终在印度尼西亚岛屿
的东部以广泛分散的碎片形式被发现。这一发现对于科学家们研究
生物多样性以及东南亚岛屿上神秘的华莱士线都有着重要的意义。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )1.What do we know about Argoland
A.It split into two pieces many years ago.
B.It broke away from the continent of Africa.
C.It sank to the bottom of the Argo Abyssal Plain.
D.It exists as fragments under the eastern islands of Indonesia.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段“Using this theory, geologists at
Utrecht University discovered that Argoland hadn't really
disappeared but survived as a ‘very extended and fragmented
collection’ under the islands to the east of Indonesia.”可知，阿尔
戈大陆以碎片的形式存在于印度尼西亚东部岛屿之下。故选D项。
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( )2.What does the underlined word “dispersed” in
Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Crashed. B.Connected. C.Distributed. D.Disappeared.
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[解析] 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Unlike other continents like
Africa and South America, which broke neatly into two pieces,
Argoland split into many smaller fragments…”可知，阿尔戈大陆不
像非洲和南美洲那样是整齐地分裂成两部分，阿尔戈大陆分裂成许
多较小的碎片，再结合画线词下文“…which made it difficult for
scientists to locate and study the continent's geological features.”
可知，这使得科学家很难确定它的位置并研究它的地质特征。故画
线词所在句应表示阿尔戈大陆分裂成许多“分散的”小碎片。
distributed意为“分散的”，故选C项。
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( )3.Why does the author mention the “Wallace Line” in
Paragraph 4
A.To introduce the early history of Argoland.
B.To stress the significance of tracing Argoland.
C.To prove the biodiversity of Southeast Asian islands.
D.To explain the evolutionary process of Australian species.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段“Tracing the continents is vital for
understanding processes like the evolution of biodiversity. It
could help explain something known as the mysterious Wallace
Line, which is an imaginary boundary that separates mammals,
birds, and even early human species in Southeast Asian islands.
The boundary has puzzled scientists because of how clearly it
separates the island's wildlife. To the west of the line are
placental mammals like apes and elephants. But these are
almost completely absent to the east, where you can find
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marsupials and cockatoos—animals typically associated with
Australia. Researchers have theorized that this may be because
Argoland carried its own wildlife away from Australia before it
crashed into Southeast Asia, which helps explain why different
species are found in different nations.”可推知，第四段提及“华莱
士线”旨在强调追溯阿尔戈大陆的意义。故选B项。
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( )4.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.The discovery of a lost continent
B.The boundaries of wildlife habitats
C.The geological features of Argoland
D.The formation of the Argo Abyssal Plain
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[解析] 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Geologists have long been
fascinated by a missing piece of Earth's history—a lost continent
called Argoland. Around 155 million years ago, the 5,000-
kilometre continent broke off from Western Australia and began
drifting(漂移), leaving behind a basin deep below the ocean
known as the Argo Abyssal Plain. But where did Argoland
actually go ”并结合本篇文章主要围绕科学家发现了约1.55亿年前
“消失的”阿尔戈大陆而展开可知，A项“失落大陆的发现”能够概括文
章的主旨，故选A项。
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B[2024·河北张家口高三三模]
文体：说明文 主题：人与自然 词数：299
The 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics was given for the
confirmation of a prediction made 101 years earlier. In 1916
Albert Einstein, whose theories of special and general relativity
revolutionized scientists' understanding of the universe, predicted
that, in certain circumstances, the fabric of the universe itself
should swing and bend.
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The cause is gravitational waves. In 2015 gravitational waves
were directly observed for the first time. LIGO, an American
observatory based in Washington State in that country's
northwest, and Louisiana in the southeast, detected waves
produced by a pair of crashing black holes, each about 30
times the mass of the sun. That produced ripples (波纹) in
space-time with a frequency of about 150Hz, or cycles per
second, and a wavelength of around 2,000km.
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This detection marked the beginning of the era of
gravitational wave astronomy, which uses gravity to examine the
universe in the same way that conventional astronomy uses
electromagnetic radiation, from visible light to radio waves and
gamma rays. On June 29th four projects led by researchers in
America, Australia, China and Europe claimed to have pushed
forward the state of that emerging art. They announced the
detection of new, extremely low frequency gravitational waves
which could offer insights into some of the hardest-to-study
bits of the universe.
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Gravitational wave detectors are interferometers (干涉仪).
They work by dividing a ray of light into two, and sending each
half down one of a pair of long, straight arms. At the end of
the arms,the light waves are reflected back towards the source,
where they are recombined. If that journey is uninterrupted, the
returning rays will cancel each other out when they are put
back together. If they do not, then that suggests some
disturbance has disturbed them on their journey.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们首次探测到
引力波，并以此对宇宙进行更深入地了解和研究。
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( )5.Why is Einstein mentioned in Paragraph 1
A.To make a prediction.
B.To make a comparison.
C.To offer more background.
D.To honour this great scientist.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The 2017 Nobel Prize in
Physics was given for the confirmation of a prediction made 101
years earlier.”可知，2017年的诺贝尔物理学奖的颁发是对一个101年
前的预言的证实，接下来介绍爱因斯坦的这个预言。由此可推知，
提及爱因斯坦是给本文提供更多背景信息。故选C项。
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( )6.Which word best describes the detection of gravitational
waves
A.Expected. B.Surprising.
C.Accidental. D.Groundbreaking.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段中“This detection marked the
beginning of the era of gravitational wave astronomy, which
uses gravity to examine the universe in the same way that
conventional astronomy uses electromagnetic radiation, from
visible light to radio waves and gamma rays.”可知，这一探测标
志着引力波天文学时代的开始，由此可推知，这一探测是开创性的。
故选D项。
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( )7.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about
gravitational wave detectors
A.How they work. B.What they can do.
C.Whether they are accurate. D.Why they are used.
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[解析] 段落大意题。通读最后一段“Gravitational wave detectors
are interferometers (干涉仪). They work by dividing a ray of
light into two, and sending each half down one of a pair of
long, straight arms. At the end of the arms, the light waves are
reflected back towards the source, where they are recombined.
If that journey is uninterrupted, the returning rays will cancel
each other out when they are put back together. If they do not,
then that suggests some disturbance has disturbed them on
their journey.”可知，本段主要介绍了引力波探测器的工作原理。故
选A项。
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( )8.What is the best title of the text
A.Ripples in space-time
B.Theories to be confirmed
C.Predictions about the universe
D.Ways of observing the universe
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，并结合第二段中“The cause is
gravitational waves. In 2015 gravitational waves were directly
observed for the first time.”可知，本文主要介绍了科学家们首次探
测到引力波，并以此对宇宙进行更深入地了解和研究。ripples(波纹)
可以形象地描述引力波的形状。故选A项。
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Ⅱ 语法填空［2024·广东茂名高三一模］
文体：记叙文 主题：人与社会 词数：213
Recently, Chinese netizens expressed amazement at a map
full of dotted signs. Wu Yunjie is the map maker, who is
1.___________(passion) about cultural relics. Clearly marking the
country's historic sites was once his pursuit, and now with
perseverance and commitments 2._______(come) the great
moment he looks forward to.
passionate
comes
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In 2020, Wu started collecting information. Many historical
sites cannot be located 3.___________(specific) and some
information is not fully disclosed, for 4._______ he spent much
time carrying out on-site visits.
Though facing difficulties, Wu has joy in this job. Now, the
map includes nearly 10,000 historical landmarks using different
colours 5._____________(represent) different categories: red signs
show the cultural relic sites under state protection, while green
signs stand for the 6.__________(protect) historical sites by the
specifically
which
to represent
protected
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provinces. Scattered like stars in the sky and 7._________(tower)
on the ground, numerous tall ancient architectures are also
marked on the map.
The cultural relics recorded on the map account 8.____ less
than 2% of the over 760,000 immovable cultural relics. “If
possible, I'd like to document many cultural relics that
9._______________(lose) overseas for such a long time. Those
treasures may not be able to return to their homeland at the
moment, 10._____ the stories they carry are what we need to
see.”
towering
for
have been lost
but
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【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了文物爱好者吴运杰
制作的“全国文物古迹地图”记录了全国近万处历史古迹的地点的故事。
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1.___________
passionate
[解析] 考查形容词。根据空格前的 is可知，空格处应用形容词作表
语。故填passionate。
2._______
comes
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语
now可知，应用一般现在时，主语the great moment 为第三人称单
数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。
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3.___________
specifically
[解析] 考查副词。空格处作状语，修饰动词located，应用副词形式。
故填specifically。
4._______
which
[解析] 考查定语从句。此处是“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从
句，修饰前面的句子，空处在从句中作介词for的宾语，只能用which。
故填which。
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5._____________
to represent
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空格处作目的状语，应用动词不定式形式。
故填to represent。
6.__________
protected
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。根据空格后的名词sites可知，应用非谓语
动词作定语，被修饰的名词sites和动词protect之间为逻辑上的被动
关系，应用过去分词形式。故填protected。
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7._________
towering
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空格处作状语，主语architectures和动词
tower之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填towering。
8.____
for
[解析] 考查介词。account for为固定搭配，意为“占比”。故填for。
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9._______________
have been lost
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空格处作从句的谓语，根
据时间状语for such a long time可知，应用现在完成时，从句的主
语that指代名词relics，为复数，和动词lose之间构成被动关系，应用
被动语态，助动词用复数。故填have been lost。
10._____
but
[解析] 考查连词。前后句之间为转折关系，应用连词but表示这种关
系。故填but。
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Ⅲ 完形填空［2024·湖南普通高等学校招生全国统一考试考前演练］
文体：记叙文 主题：人与社会 词数：273
In the mid-20th century, boys could study technical subjects
while girls were expected not. However, Bell Burnell's parents
challenged these . .1. ., which enabled her to study science. Bell
Burnell knew before leaving school that she wanted to be a
radio astronomer. That . .2. . led her to go to the University of
Glasgow, where she was the only . .3. . in her class. After
graduation, Bell Burnell went to Cambridge University, where she
yet again had to prove that she . .4. ..
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Her first project, working with her thesis supervisor
(论文导师) Hewish, was . .5. . certain objects called quasars
(类星体). It was . .6. . to have a female student on this project.
Bell Burnell herself has said that the only other females . .7. .
were secretaries. At this stage, it was she who . .8. . the telescope
and analysed the data.
One day, checking on the data, Bell Burnell saw a signal
that she couldn't . .9. .. To understand what it was she ended up
bringing this . .10. . to Hewish, who said it was interference. He
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thought that Bell Burnell had wired up the radio telescope . .11. .
and that was why the new signal had appeared. However, she
saw the signal again afterwards. . .12. ., she tried to reach Hewish.
Once he . .13. . the pulse with his own eyes, he knew it wasn't
interference, and a new research project began. But, with just
one pulse it was hard to have a(n) . .14. . discovery.
A couple of days later, Bell Burnell was in her study, and
she saw something . .15. . to the first pulse, and thus 2 pulsars
were discovered.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Bell Burnell在剑桥大学时
发现脉冲星的故事。
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( )1.A.theories B.subjects C.lessons D.policies
[解析] 根据“In the mid-20th century, boys could study technical
subjects while girls were expected not.”可知，Bell Burnell的父母
对男孩可以学习技术科目，而女孩则不能的政策提出了质疑。故选D。
theory理论；subject科目；lesson功课；policy政策。
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( )2.A.wish B.condition C.plan D.design
[解析] 根据“Bell Burnell knew before leaving school that she
wanted to be a radio astronomer.”可知，Bell Burnell想成为一名
射电天文学家，这个愿望促使她去了格拉斯哥大学。故选A。wish愿
望；condition条件；plan计划；design设计。
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( )3.A.failure B.student C.female D.scientist
[解析] 根据上文“In the mid-20th century, boys could study
technical subjects while girls were expected not.”可推知，因为在
20世纪中期，男孩可以学习技术科目，而女孩则不能，所以，在格
拉斯哥大学她是班上唯一的女性。故选C。failure失败；student学生；
female女性；scientist科学家。
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( )4.A.studied B.belonged C.worked D.graduated
[解析] 根据文章第一句和“It was…to have a female student on
this project.”可知，在当时女性不能学习技术科目，女学生参与该研
究项目是不寻常的，这些都表明，在男性主宰的领域里，Bell
Burnell必须再次证明自己的归属，做出点成绩才行。故选B。study
学习；belong属于；work工作；graduate毕业。
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( )5.A.turning off B.picking out
C.shooting down D.clearing away
[解析] 根据“…and she saw something…to the first pulse, and
thus 2 pulsars were discovered.”可知，Bell Burnell的第一个项目是
与论文导师Hewish合作，挑选出某些被称为类星体的物体。故选B。
turn off关闭；pick out挑选出；shoot down驳斥；clear away清除。
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( )6.A.unnecessary B.impossible C.illegal D.unusual
[解析] 根据“Bell Burnell herself has said that the only other
females…were secretaries.”可知，女学生参与甄选类星体物体的科研
项目是不寻常的事情，因为在场的其他女性只是秘书。故选D。
unnecessary不必要的；impossible不可能的；illegal非法的；unusual
不同寻常的。
( )7.A.present B.alive C.overseas D.responsible
[解析] 由语境及空后的“…were secretaries.”可知，此处指该科研项
目在场的其他女性只是秘书，故选A。present出席的，在场的；
alive活着的；overseas国外的；responsible负责任的。
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( )8.A.broke B.cleaned C.ran D.saw
[解析] 根据“He thought that Bell Burnell had wired up the radio
telescope…”可知，Bell Burnell负责操作望远镜并分析数据。故选C。
break打破；clean打扫；run使运转；see看见。
( )9.A.explain B.store C.copy D.recycle
[解析] 根据“…that was why the new signal had appeared.”可知，
Bell Burnell在查看数据时，看到了一个她无法解释的信号。故选A。
explain解释；store储存；copy复制；recycle循环利用。
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( )10.A.signal B.question C.task D.news
[解析] 根据“To understand what it was…”以及“…who said it was
interference.”可知，为了理解这是什么，Bell Burnell最终向Hewish提
出了这个问题。故选B。signal信号；question问题；task任务；news
新闻。
( )11.A.wisely B.secretly C.wrongly D.frequently
[解析] 根据空后内容“…that was why the new signal had
appeared.”可知，Hewish认为Bell Burnell把射电望远镜接错线了，这
就是新信号出现的原因。故选C。wisely明智地；secretly秘密地；
wrongly错误地；frequently频繁地。
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( )12.A.Surprised B.Disappointed
C.Ashamed D.Touched
[解析] 由上文内容可知，自己的导师认为自己是操作错误而导致新
信号出现，但是自己再次看到了这个信号，所以Bell Burnell感到很
惊讶。故选A。surprised惊讶的；disappointed失望的；ashamed羞
愧的；touched感动的。
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( )13.A.checked out B.came across
C.cast light on D.caught sight of
[解析] 根据空后的状语with his own eyes并结合前文内容可知，
Hewish亲眼看到脉冲，知道Bell Burnell看到的脉冲不是干扰。故选D。
check out查看，退房；come across偶然遇到；cast light on使人了
解，使显得非常清楚；catch sight of看见。
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( )14.A.puzzling B.amusing C.convincing D.lasting
[解析] 根据with just one pulse并结合文章最后一句内容“…and
thus 2 pulsars were discovered.”可知，此处指仅凭一个脉冲很难有
令人信服的发现。故选C。puzzling令人困惑的；amusing有趣的，
逗乐的；convincing令人信服的，有说服力的；lasting持久的。
( )15.A.familiar B.similar C.open D.important
[解析] 根据“…and thus 2 pulsars were discovered.”可知，Bell
Burnell在她的研究中，看到了与第一个脉冲相似的东西，因此发现
了两颗脉冲星，故选B。familiar熟悉的；similar类似的；open开放的；
important重要的。
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A.词汇积累
1.basin n.盆地
2.split into分开(成为几个部分)
3.theorize v.从理论上说明；形成理论；理论化
4.transformation n.(彻底的)变化，改观，转变，改革
5.fragility n.脆弱，易碎(性)
6.confirmation n.证实；确认书；证明书
7.gravitational adj.引力的；重力引起的
8.uninterrupted adj.不受阻挡的；不间断的；持续不断的
B.长难句分析
Researchers have theorized that this may be because Argoland
carried its own wildlife away from Australia before it crashed
into Southeast Asia, which helps explain why different species
are found in different nations.(阅读A, Para.4)
【分析】that引导宾语从句；before引导时间状语从句；which引导
非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子；why引导宾语从句。
【译文】研究人员从理论上推测，这可能是因为阿尔戈大陆带着自
己的野生动物从澳大利亚漂移至东南亚，这有助于解释为什么不同
的物种分布在不同的国家。
快速核答案
高中英语 选择性必修第四册
Unit 5 Into the unknown
听课手册
●语境词汇串记
1.dating 2.themselves 3.extremely 4.How 5.investigation
6.limited 7.ran 8.that 9.buried 10.from
●考点互动探究
单词点睛
1.（1）buried （2）①buried herself/was buried in a book
②buried my face in my hands
2.①fallen into ruin ②in ruins
3.（1）abandoned （2）①abandoned the ship
②is abandoned to/abandons himself to despair
短语储存
①threw her arms around ②threw a smile at her/threw
her a smile ③thrown herself into ④threw himself onto the
bed ⑤throw it away
●当堂过关检测
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.expansion 2.buried 3.abandoned 4.investigation 5.was
ruined 6.Dismissed
Ⅱ 短语填空
1.think twice 2.check out 3.looked into 4.threw herself
into 5.set out 6.beyond the reach of 7.fall into ruin
8.ran for their lives
Ⅲ 句型训练
1.What struck/impressed me most was that 2.left me
thinking 3.most of which 4.It is no surprise that
●语言素养提升
Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.wept 2.won 3.winning 4.wound 5.withdrew
6.have written
Ⅱ 构词法规则
1.展示 2.急剧上升 3.使……尽快启动， 促使……开始 4.把……
列入黑名单 5.全面启动，加快开展
Ⅲ 熟词生义练
1.①解开;打开 ②消除 2.①使烦恼 ②打乱，搅乱 ③打翻，碰
倒 3.①把……视为,以……看待 ②参观;观赏 ③风景,景色 ④看法,
见解 ⑤视野 4.①水井 ②涌出;溢出
5.①摇上/下（车）窗等 ②曲折而行,蜿蜒 ③缠绕 ④上紧……的
发条
●写作素养提升
应用文写作
1.I'm thrilled to hear about your interest in
2.The exhibition is scheduled to take place from next Friday
to the following Sunday
3.offer a window into the ancient world
4.allowing/enabling you to immerse yourself in the long
history and civilisation of the region
5.allow/enable you to explore
6.Don't miss this opportunity to witness
作业手册
Ⅰ 阅读理解
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.A
Ⅱ 语法填空
1.passionate 2.comes 3.specifically 4.which 5.to represent
6.protected 7.towering 8.for 9.have been lost
10.but
Ⅲ 完形填空
1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.C
12.A 13.D 14.C 15.B
