（月考培优卷）Unit 1-Unit 2 阶段全真模拟培优卷（含答案解析）-2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语外研版（2024）
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| 名称 | （月考培优卷）Unit 1-Unit 2 阶段全真模拟培优卷（含答案解析）-2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语外研版（2024） |  | |
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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语外研版（2024）Unit 1-Unit 2
阶段全真模拟培优卷
注意事项：
1．本试卷共七大题，满分120分（不含听力口语30分），考试用时100分钟；
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡相对应的位置上，并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人的相符合；
3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题；
4．考生答题必须答在答题卡上，答在试卷和草稿纸上一律无效。
第一部分 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
One day, Sally got into a fight with one of her classmates. Then she went home and told her mother about the fight. “I don’t want to be friends with Alice any more. She is too bad, and I hate her,” the girl said 1 .
The mother listened to Sally carefully, and then she said in a soft voice, “My dear, let me tell you a story of 2 . When I was young, it was 3 for me to get angry. As a result, it just made me feel 4 . Do you know why ”
Sally looked at her mother’s eyes and shook her head.
The mother 5 explaining, “ 6 nobody wants to make friends with people who get angry easily. I realize I must learn to 7 myself. I tell myself to count from 1 to 10 every time I get angry. I try my best to get on well with 8 around me. And I find it happy for me to do nice things for people. I make a lot of good friends.”
“Mom, I’m wrong. 9 should I do ” Sally asked.
“I guess you could call her to say sorry so that you can be friends again,” replied the mother.
“Thanks for your 10 ,” Sally said happily.
1．A．luckily B．happily C．angrily D．quietly
2．A．mine B．yours C．his D．my
3．A．easy B．difficult C．strong D．weak
4．A．excited B．lonely C．nervous D．happy
5．A．allowed B．continued C．imagined D．stopped
6．A．Although B．Until C．Because D．If
7．A．argue B．control C．communicate D．forget
8．A．someone B．no one C．everyone D．anyone
9．A．Why B．What C．When D．How
10．A．advice B．feeling C．spirit D．news
第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
A doctor quickly entered the hospital after being called in for surgery (外科手术). He changed his clothes and went directly to the surgery room. He saw the boy’s father walking back and forth in the hall, waiting for the doctor.
On seeing the doctor, the dad shouted, “Why did it take so long for you to come Don’t you know that my son’s life is in danger ”
The doctor smiled and said, “I’m sorry. But I came as fast as I could. Now I wish you’d stay relaxed so that I can do my work.” “Stay relaxed If your son were in this room right now, would you stay relaxed ” said the father angrily.
The doctor smiled again and answered, “Just go and wish your son the best. We will do our best.” The surgery took some hours. Then the doctor went out happily and said, “Thank God! Your son is saved!” And without waiting for the father’s answer, he ran away.
“Why is he in such a hurry ” asked the father when seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left. The nurse answered, “His son died yesterday in an accident. He was at the funeral (葬礼) when we called him for your son’s surgery.”
11．What did the father do when he saw the doctor
A．He welcomed the doctor. B．He questioned the doctor.
C．He thanked the doctor. D．He played with the doctor.
12．What did the doctor want the father to do
A．Go home and wait. B．Get into the surgery room.
C．Stay relaxed and wait. D．Talk to other people around him.
13．What would the doctor probably do after finishing the surgery
A．Go to another surgery room. B．Go back to the funeral.
C．Go home and relax. D．Continue his vacation.
14．Which is the RIGHT order
①The doctor did surgery. ②The father talked with the nurse.
③The father talked with the doctor. ④The father walked nervously in the hall.
A．④③①② B．①②④③ C．①③④② D．④③②①
15．How would the father most likely feel after hearing the nurse’s words
A．Bored. B．Sorry. C．Excited. D．Happy.
B
Tom came to his teacher and asked him, “Sir, I have a question. How many friends should a person have—one or many ”
“It is very simple,” the teacher answered. “Get me that red apple from the highest branch (树枝) of the tree.”
Tom looked up and said, “It’s too high! I can’t reach it.”
“Ask a friend. Maybe he can help,” the teacher suggested.
Tom called another student and stood on his shoulders (肩膀) to reach the branch. “I still can’t reach it, sir,” said Tom sadly after the first try.
“Don’t you have more friends ” the teacher smiled.
Tom asked more friends to come over. They stood on each other’s shoulders, trying to make a human pyramid (金字塔). But the apple was so high that they couldn’t go higher and the pyramid fell. Tom still couldn’t reach the apple.
Then one of the friends went home, brought a ladder (梯子) and Tom finally picked the apple.
After getting the apple, the teacher asked, “So, do you understand how many friends a person needs ”
“Yes, I do,” Tom said. “Many, so together we can work out any problem.”
“Sounds good,” the teacher said. “You need as many friends as you can. Among them, there will be at least one smart person who can think of a good idea, like getting a ladder!”
16．What did the teacher ask Tom to do at first
A．To pick the red apple for him. B．To find the answer in books.
C．To do his homework. D．To work with Tom’s friends.
17．Which of the following is the right order of Tom’s picking the apple
①looked up under the tree ②climbed the ladder
③made a human pyramid ④stood on his friend’s shoulders
A．①②③④ B．②③①④ C．④①③② D．①④③②
18．What word can best describe the teacher
A．Strict. B．Clever. C．Funny. D．Tidy.
19．What can Tom learn about friends from his experience of picking the apple
A．Friends are only useful when they are smart.
B．Having many friends makes it easier to solve problems.
C．One should always depend on oneself rather than on friends.
D．Being friendly to all people is important, not just friends.
20．How did the teacher answer Tom’s question
A．By telling him a story about apples. B．By simply telling him the answer.
C．By asking him to learn by doing. D．By drawing an apple tree.
C
Selah Schneiter stood on the top of El Capitan. Her blue helmet (头盔) sat on top of her head and a thick (粗的) green rope was tied around her body. The ten-year-old girl smiled from ear to ear as tears (眼泪) ran down her face.
“Selah, are those your happy tears ” Mike, her father, asked.
She nodded (点头). “I just can’t believe I did it!” Selah said.
The girl had just made rock climbing history. She became the youngest person ever to have climbed El Capitan. The mountain is about 916 meters tall—higher than the tallest building in the world. And Selah carried 9 kilograms of gear, food and water with her.
Her father, an experienced climber, joined her. The climb took them five days. At first, Selah’s father thought the mountain was too high for his daughter. The little girl, however, was serious. Every day, they would get a little closer to the top. “One move at a time. I will achieve success in the end!” the girl said.
Selah wanted to use this achievement (成就) to encourage other children not to give up easily. In our daily lives, there may be many tall “mountains” too. Keep trying, and you can overcome (克服) any difficulty!
21．How did Selah feel when she stood on the top of El Capitan
A．Sad. B．Lucky. C．Excited. D．Afraid.
22．What does the underlined word “gear” in the fourth paragraph mean in Chinese
A．纱布 B．设备 C．音箱 D．颜料
23．Which of the following words best describes Selah
A．Warm-hearted. B．Strong-minded.
C．Easy-going. D．Well-educated.
24．Why did Selah want to stand on the top of El Capitan
A．To visit more mountains. B．To make herself more famous.
C．To stay with her father. D．To encourage other children.
25．What’s the best title for the passage
A．A Brave Climber B．A Dangerous Mountain
C．A Serious Illness D．A Happy Family
D
Alice was sitting with her sister by the river and her sister was reading a book. Alice had nothing to do. Once or twice she looked into her sister’s book. “And what is a book for,” thought Alice, “without pictures or conversations ” Suddenly a white rabbit (兔子) with pink eyes ran by.
There was nothing strange about that. She heard the rabbit say, “Oh dear! Oh dear! I’ll be late!” and she did not think it was strange. Then the rabbit took a watch out of its pocket and looked at it. A rabbit with a pocket and a watch Alice got up and ran across the field after it. She saw it go down a large rabbit hole in the ground.
Then Alice went down after it, but never thought about how she was going to get out again. She found that she was falling down a very, very deep hole (洞). It was too dark for her to see anything. She was falling for a long time. While she was falling, she was thinking about her cat, Dinah. Suddenly she landed on some dry leaves.
26．What was Alice’s sister doing
A．She was reading at home. B．She was doing nothing.
C．She was reading by the river. D．She was sitting with her friend.
27．Alice thinks it was strange because ________.
A．the rabbit had pink eyes and ran fast B．the rabbit said it would be late
C．the rabbit had a pocket and a watch D．the rabbit could speak
28．What can we know from Paragraph Three
A．Alice was afraid. B．Alice couldn’t see anything in the hole.
C．Alice knew how to get out of the hole. D．Alice fell with her cat Dinah.
29．Which is the right order (顺序) of Alice’s experience
a. Alice landed on some dry leaves. b. Alice fell down a deep hole.
c. Alice saw a rabbit running by. d. Alice ran after the rabbit.
A．d—c—b—a B．b—a—c—d C．c—d—b—a D．c—b—d—a
30．Where is the passage probably from
A．A story book. B．A science newspaper. C．A travel book. D．A sports magazine.
第三部分 信息还原（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“Are you an I-person or an E-person ” This question has become a popular way for many people to start a conversation (谈话) when they want to know more about a new person they just met.
Hu Xiaofan is the same. There is a system called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). 31 Hu Xiaofan is an INFJ. On the website www., there are 16 different personalities introduced, including INTJ, INTP, ENTJ, INFJ, ENFJ, ENPF, etc. For example, INFJ people want everything to be perfect. So, when they can’t make something perfect, they may get really hurt.
However, they are special too. They like to think a lot. 32 They are also very understanding. If a classmate is sad, they will know right away and try to make him or her feel better.
After reading the information about her type, Hu Xiaofan thinks the test describes her very well. She said, “When I meet people for the first time, I don’t feel uncomfortable or don’t know what to say anymore. 33 ”
On Weibo, “MBTI” got more than 3.5 billion views (浏览). 34 The MBTI is not only an interesting topic for people to talk about when they meet, but also a way to help people to know themselves better. 35
A．The MBTI test is very interesting.
B．I-people are very quiet and like to be alone.
C．800, 000 people shared their own ideas.
D．They always wonder about things like why the sky is blue.
E．It can make people think about what to choose in their lives.
F．I can ask if they are an I-person or an E-person to start chatting.
G．It tells people by their personalities, habits, and other things.
第四部分 词汇运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
第一节 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
36．There are some cultural (差异) in eating habits between the East and the West.
37．Little Tom compared the two books but didn’t find a (不同之处).
38．The teacher didn’t (允许) us to bring any snacks to school.
39．Zhu Ting says she will return to her motherland (无论什么时候) she is needed.
40．I’m always too (焦虑的) in my school life because my mother is so strict with me in my studies.
41．He bought n but a scarf yesterday.
42．A Mr. Miller is tired after a day’s work, he spends lots of time with his family.
43．Being kind not only helps the recipient of the k , but it also improves the mood and health of the person being kind.
44．Sometimes brothers or sisters will disagree with each other and begin to a .
45．People are surprised at the rapid development of robots. In a few years, p robots will think on their own.
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
sad, nothing, if, however, offer, final, beautiful, farmer, he, before, important, quick
Once there lived a wise (聪明的) man in the country. 46 , his son had no goals (目标) in life and wasn’t happy. That made him worried. As the years passed, the man was more worried and 47 . One day, he handed his son a map and said, “I want you to go and find a treasure (财宝) .”
The son set out eagerly (急切地). He traveled really far across forests and mountains. 48 , he reached the place and began to dig. He dug and dug, but 49 was found. Tired and upset, he decided to go back home. On his way back, he noticed dancing birds and 50 flowers. He met happy 51 in the fields. He found everything nice.
He got home and his father asked, “How was your journey to the place Did you enjoy it ” “Of course not, I was worried that someone else would find the treasure 52 I did. But I enjoyed the journey back home and forgot the pain of not finding the treasure.” The son kept telling his father what he noticed on 53 way back.
“Nice things are always there,” the father smiled. “My son, I want you to have a goal. If you don’t have a goal, you won’t set out. But 54 the goal is the only thing in your mind, you’ll miss something nice and won’t be happy. So, remember: it’s 55 to have a goal and enjoy the journey in life than just to have a goal.”
第五部分 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
To work towards a 56 (peace) life, you should always try to develop good relationships with the people around you. Be kind and help those in need. Do this not only for family and friends, but also for the people who live in your neighbourhood.
People in your community might have different ways of living and 57 (think). This doesn’t mean that they’re wrong and you’re right. If everyone had the same ideas, the world would be 58 boring place.
Today, in many 59 (city), people usually lock their doors after work and don’t see their neighbours much. Social interactions (相互影响) 60 (be) often limited to a “Hi!” on the street. However, there may be times when someone does something that upsets you. If this happens, discuss the matter in a 61 (friend) way. This allows you to express your ideas without 62 (make) your relationship damaged. Avoid arguments, especially ones that judge the nature of the person rather than the actions. For example, your neighbours are playing loud music while you try to fall asleep. Should you politely 63 (suggest) they turn it down 64 should you angrily shout at them The first choice is wise. By calmly examining any problems, you create the relationship of mutual respect and understanding. After all, good neighbours are better 65 distant relatives.
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Farmer John and Farmer Bob were neighbours. For more than 30 years, they had been getting along very well.
Then their good relationship broke. It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence. One morning John woke up to find a stream between the two farms. “It must be Bob,” John thought.
Then one day there was a knock on John’s door. He opened it to find a carpenter (木匠).
“I’m looking for a few days’ work,” the carpenter said.
“I do have a job for you,” John said. “Look across the stream at that farm. That’s my neighbour Bob. He dug a stream between the two farms. I want you to build a fence—an 8-foot fence. I don’t want to see his place or his face any more. I don’t have such a neighbour.”
The carpenter said, “I think I know what to do, sir, and I can do a job to your satisfaction.”
Farmer John helped the carpenter get the materials ready and then he was off.
About sunset when the farmer returned, the carpenter had just finished his job. The farmer’s eyes opened wide. There was no fence at all!
It was a bridge! And the neighbour, Bob, was coming across, with his hand outstretched (伸出). “Hi, John! You’re quite a fellow to build this bridge!”
Then they met in the middle, taking each other’s hands. “I’m really sorry for what I have said and done. We should be good to each other,” said Farmer Bob.
66．How did their relationship break
67．Why did Farmer John ask the carpenter to build a fence
68．What do you think of the carpenter
69．将短文中画线的句子译成汉语。
70．请给短文拟一个适当的标题。
书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
71．学校英语俱乐部即将举办一场有关邻里关系的征文比赛，主题为：美好生活，有邻有趣。俱乐部罗列出以下要点，请思考并完善，写一篇英语短文，谈一谈如何构建和谐邻里关系，让幸福更触手可及。
要点：
1. What do you think of the saying “Close neighbours are better than distant relatives”
2. What do you think a good neighbour is like
3. What do you think a good neighbourhood should be like
4. What would you like to do for your neighbourhood
注意：
(1) 词数80~100；
(2) 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3) 文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。
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参考答案及试题解析
1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Sally的妈妈通过自己的一个小故事教育Sally经常生气的人是会没有朋友的，让她意识到不能轻易生气。
1．句意：“我不想再和爱丽丝做朋友了。她太坏了，我恨她，”女孩生气地说。
luckily幸运地；happily开心地；angrily生气地；quietly安静地。根据“I don’t want to be friends with Alice any more. She is too bad, I hate her.”可知女孩认为Alice太坏了不想跟她做朋友，由此可推测女孩很生气。故选C。
2．句意：亲爱的，让我给你讲一个我的故事吧。
mine我的东西；yours你的东西；his他的东西；my我的。根据“When I was young...”可知这里应该是Sally妈妈的故事，用名词性物主代词，故选A。
3．句意：当我年轻的时候，我很容易生气。
easy简单的；difficult困难的；strong强壮的；weak虚弱的。根据“nobody wants to make friends with people who get angry easily...I tell myself to count from 1 to 10 every time I get angry.”可知妈妈让自己每次生气的时候都从1数到10是因为没有人会想和一个轻易生气的人做朋友的。上下文联系可知，妈妈以前是个容易生气的人。故选A。
4．句意：结果，这让我感到孤独。
excited兴奋的；lonely孤独的；nervous紧张的；happy高兴的。根据“nobody wants to make friends with people who get angry easily”可知没有人愿意和一个轻易生气的人做朋友，所以以前经常生气的妈妈应该是没有朋友感到孤单的。故选B。
5．句意：妈妈继续解释，“因为没有人愿意和容易生气的人交朋友。”
allowed允许；continued继续；imagined想象；stopped停止。根据上下文妈妈一直在说话可知此处应为继续向“我”解释。故选B。
6．句意：妈妈继续解释，“因为没有人愿意和容易生气的人交朋友。”
Although尽管；Until直到；Because因为；If如果。根据“nobody wants to make friends with people who get angry easily. I realize I must learn...”可知因为没人愿意和容易生气的人交朋友所以妈妈才意识到要改变的。故选C。
7．句意：我意识到我必须学会控制自己。
argue争论；control控制；communicate交流；forget忘记。根据“I tell myself to count from 1 to 10 every time I get angry. I try my best to get on well with...”可知这里都是妈妈做出的改变，她学会了控制自己的情绪。故选B。
8．句意：我尽我最大的努力与我周围的每个人相处。
someone某人；no one没有人；everyone每个人；anyone任何人。根据“I tell myself to...I make a lot of good friends.”可知这里是妈妈作出的改变，最终交到了很多好朋友，所以前文应该是尽力跟每个人相处。故选C。
9．句意：我应该做什么？
Why为什么；What是什么；When什么时候；How如何。根据“should I do ”可知，询问做什么。故选B。
10．句意：“谢谢你的建议，”莎莉高兴地说。
advice建议；feeling感觉；spirit精神；news消息。根据“I guess you could...”可知上文是妈妈给出的建议，所以此处应该是感谢妈妈的建议。故选A。
11．B 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文讲的是一位医生离开儿子的葬礼，奔赴医院挽救另一名男孩生命的故事。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段的描述可知，那位父亲见到医生的时候，他责问医生为什么来得这么晚。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据“Now I wish you’d stay relaxed so that I can do my work.”以及”Just go and wish your son the best.”可知，医生让那位父亲放松并等待。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据最后一段的描述可知，医生做完手术后可能会回到他儿子的葬礼上。故选B。
14．细节理解题。通读全文可知，正确的顺序是：父亲焦虑地在走廊走来走去，随后父亲和医生交谈，然后医生做手术，最后父亲和护士交谈。故选A。
15．推理判断题。通读最后一段及常识可推断，那位父亲得知真相后，很可能会觉得很“抱歉”。故选B。
16．A 17．D 18．B 19．B 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Tom向老师询问一个人应该有多少朋友，老师没有直接回答，而是通过让Tom尝试摘苹果的经历，引导他明白朋友多的重要性，因为朋友间可以互相帮助解决问题。
16．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Get me that red apple from the highest branch (树枝) of the tree.”可知，老师最初让Tom去给他摘那个红苹果。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Tom looked up and said”，第六段“Tom called another student and stood on his shoulders (肩膀) to reach the branch.”，第七段“They stood on each other’s shoulders, trying to make a human pyramid (金字塔).”以及第八段“Then one of the friends went home, brought a ladder (梯子) and Tom finally picked the apple.”可知，Tom先是抬头看树上的苹果，然后站在朋友的肩膀上，接着他们尝试搭人梯，最后有人拿来了梯子，Tom爬梯子摘到了苹果。所以正确的顺序是①④③②。故选D。
18．推理判断题。根据文章中老师通过让Tom摘苹果的经历，引导他明白朋友多的重要性，可以看出老师是一个聪明的人，能够用巧妙的方式教育学生。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Many, so together we can work out any problem.”可知，Tom从摘苹果的经历中学到了朋友多可以更容易地解决问题。故选B。
20．推理判断题。根据文章内容，老师没有直接告诉Tom一个人应该有多少朋友，而是通过让他尝试摘苹果的实践活动，引导他自己得出结论。故选C。
21．C 22．B 23．B 24．D 25．A
【导语】本文介绍了Selah Schneiter。她是一位很棒的登山者，她想用自己的经历鼓励其他孩子不要轻易放弃，要克服困难、勇于攀登。
21．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The ten-year-old girl smiled from ear to ear”意为“她笑得合不拢嘴”，可推断，她站在山顶时觉得很兴奋。故选C。
22．词句猜测题。画线的词是gear，根据其后提到的“food and water”可推断，她爬山带的物品有食物、水以及爬山用的“设备”。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The climb took them five days. At first, Selah’s father thought the mountain was too high for his daughter. The little girl, however, was serious.”意为“他们需要攀爬5天。起初，爸爸认为那山对女儿来说太高了。但小女孩很严肃认真。”可推断，Selah是一个意志坚强的人。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Selah wanted to use this achievement to encourage other children not to give up easily.”可知，Selah想用自己的实际行动来鼓励其他孩子不要轻易放弃。故选D。
25．最佳标题题。根据首段首句“Selah Schneiter stood on the top of El Capitan.”及尾段中的“In our daily lives, there may be many tall ‘mountains’ too.”可知，全文主要讲了一个小女孩 Selah Schneiter克服困难、勇敢攀登的故事。故选A。
26．C 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．A
【导语】本文讲述爱丽丝看到一只有口袋和手表的兔子后，出于好奇追赶兔子并跳进其钻入的地洞，最终落在一个深洞的干树叶上。
26．细节理解题。根据“Alice was sitting with her sister by the river and her sister was reading a book.”可知，爱丽丝的姐姐在河边读书。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“Then the rabbit took a watch out of its pocket and looked at it. A rabbit with a pocket and a watch ”可知，兔子居然带着口袋，还拿出手表看时间，这才让爱丽丝觉得奇怪，故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“She found that she was falling down a very, very deep hole (洞). It was too dark for her to see anything.”可知，第三段提到洞里太黑，看不到任何东西，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“Suddenly a white rabbit (兔子) with pink eyes ran by.”可知，爱丽丝看到了一只粉红色眼睛的白兔跑了过去；根据“Alice got up and ran across the field after it.”可知，爱丽丝追在兔子后面；根据“She found that she was falling down a very, very deep hole (洞)”可知，爱丽丝掉进了洞里；根据“Suddenly she landed on some dry leaves.”可知，爱丽丝落在一些干树叶上。正确顺序是c—d—b—a。故选C。
30．推理判断题。分析文章内容，它描述了爱丽丝与一只会说话、带口袋和手表的兔子的奇幻遭遇，以及她随后跳入兔子洞的经历。这些情节充满了想象力和奇幻色彩，是典型的童话或故事书元素，属于文学故事类，故选A。
31．G 32．D 33．F 34．C 35．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了MBTI这种性格测试系统，包括其作用、包含的性格类型以及人们对它的看法等。
31．上文提到“There is a system called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).”，即有一个叫MBTI的系统，下文又列举了“Hu Xiaofan is an INFJ.”以及“there are 16 different personalities introduced...”等内容，说明MBTI系统是根据人们的性格、习惯等方面来划分性格类型的。选项G“它通过人们的性格、习惯和其他方面来告诉人们（性格类型）”符合语境，能够很好地衔接上下文，故选G。
32．上文提到“However, they are special too. They like to think a lot.”，即INFJ类型的人很特别，他们喜欢思考很多，下文应是对他们喜欢思考这一特点的进一步说明。选项D“他们总是思考诸如天空为什么是蓝色之类的问题”符合语境，是对他们喜欢思考的举例说明，故选D。
33．上文提到“After reading the information about her type, Hu Xiaofan thinks the test describes her very well. She said, ‘When I meet people for the first time, I don’t feel uncomfortable or don’t know what to say anymore.’”，即胡晓凡读了关于自己性格类型的信息后，认为这个测试很好地描述了她，她说当她第一次见人时，不再感到不舒服或不知道说什么了，下文应是对她现在与人交流方式的说明。选项F“我可以问他们是I型人还是E型人来开始聊天”符合语境，说明了她现在与人交流的方式，故选F。
34．上文提到“On Weibo, ‘MBTI’ got more than 3.5 billion views (浏览).”，即在微博上，“MBTI”的浏览量超过了35亿，下文应是对这一数据的进一步说明或相关情况的描述。选项C“80万人分享了他们自己的想法”符合语境，是对微博上关于MBTI讨论情况的进一步说明，故选C。
35．上文提到“The MBTI is not only an interesting topic for people to talk about when they meet, but also a way to help people to know themselves better.”，即MBTI不仅是人们见面时谈论的一个有趣话题，也是帮助人们更好地了解自己的一种方式，下文应是对MBTI作用的进一步阐述。选项E“它可以让人们思考在生活中要选择什么”符合语境，是对MBTI作用的进一步说明，即它可以帮助人们思考生活中的选择，故选E。
36．differences
【解析】句意：东西方在饮食习惯上存在一些文化差异。difference“差异”，根据“some”可知，此处用复数形式differences。故填differences。
37．difference
【解析】句意：小汤姆比较了这两本书，但没有发现不同之处。根据“a”可知，此处使用可数名词单数，difference“不同之处”，名词。故填difference。
38．allow
【解析】句意：老师不允许我们带零食到学校。allow“允许”，动词；助动词didn’t后接动词原形。故填allow。
39．whenever
【解析】句意：朱婷说，无论何时需要她，她都会回到祖国。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填whenever“无论什么时候”，引导时间状语从句。故填whenever。
40．anxious
【解析】句意：我在学校生活中总是太焦虑，因为我妈妈对我的学习要求很严格。anxious“焦虑的”，形容词作表语。故填anxious。
41．(n)othing
【解析】句意：他昨天除了一条围巾，什么也没买。根据“but a scarf”以及首字母提示，此处指他“除了一条围巾，什么也没买”，“nothing but”是一个常用搭配，用于强调“除了……之外，别无其他”。故填(n)othing。
42．(A)lthough
【解析】句意：尽管米勒先生一天的工作结束后感到很疲惫，但他还是会花很多时间陪伴家人。分析句子结构可知，空格处缺少连词连接两个句子。“Mr. Miller is tired after a day’s work”与“he spends lots of time with his family.”是让步关系，结合首字母“A”可知，此空应填although表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填(A)lthough。
43．(k)indness
【解析】句意：善待他人不仅能让受善待者受益，而且还能提升施善者的情绪和健康。根据“Being kind”和首字母可推断这里说的是受善待者所接受到的东西，即“善意、善良的行为”，kindness“善意、善良的行为”，不可数名词。故填(k)indness。
44．(a)rgue
【解析】 句意：有时候兄弟姐妹之间会有不同意见，然后开始争吵。根据“disagree with each other”及首字母a可知，动词argue（争吵；争论）符合语境。“begin to do sth.”为固定结构，“to”后接动词原形，因此“argue”用原形即可，故填(a)rgue。
45．(p)erhaps
【解析】句意：人们对机器人的迅速发展感到惊讶。再过几年，也许机器人就能独立思考了。根据“In a few years, …robots will think on their own.”及首字母提示可知，此处猜测可能机器人会独立思考，修饰整个句子，应用副词，perhaps“可能”，是副词，符合题意。故填(p)erhaps。
46．However 47．sadder 48．Finally 49．nothing 50．beautiful 51．farmers 52．before 53．his 54．if 55．more important
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过智者和儿子的故事告诉我们：生活中有一个目标很重要，同时也要享受这个过程。
46．句意：然而他的儿子没有生活的目标也很不开心。此处和前句是转折关系，空后由逗号隔开，用however“然而”连接，位于句首首字母需大写。故填However。
47．句意：随着时间的流逝，这个人越来越担心，也越来越难过。根据“wasn’t happy”以及“more worried…”可知，智者变得越来越担心，也越来越难过，应用sad的比较级sadder“更伤心的”。故填sadder。
48．句意：最后，他到了那个地方，开始挖掘。根据“he reached the place”可知，是最后终于到了那个地方，修饰整个句子用final的副词finally “最后”，位于句首首字母需大写。故填Finally。
49．句意：他挖啊挖，但是什么都没有发现。根据“was found”可知，转折词后表示什么也没有发现，nothing“没有什么” 符合语境。故填nothing。
50．句意：在回来的路上，他注意到翩翩起舞的鸟儿和美丽的花朵。根据“flowers”可知，是美丽的花朵，beautiful“美丽的” 符合语境。故填beautiful。
51．句意：他在地里遇到了快乐的农夫。根据“in the fields”及备选词可知，在地里遇到了农民，空前无限定词，此处用名词farmer的复数farmers “农民”。故填farmers。
52．句意：当然没有！我担心别人会比我先找到宝藏。根据“Of course not, I was worried that someone else would find the treasure…I did”可知，智者的儿子很担心别人在他之前找到宝藏，before “在……之前”符合语境。故填before。
53．句意：儿子不停地告诉他的父亲他在回来的路上所注意到的。根据“on…way back”可知，是在他回来的路上，用he对应的形容词性物主代词his。故填his。
54．句意：但是如果你脑子里只有目标，你将会错过一些美好的东西，也不会高兴。该句表示假设的情况，“the goal is the only thing in your mind”是“you’ll miss something nice and won’t be happy”的条件，所以用if “如果” 引导条件状语从句。故填if。
55．句意：所以，请记住：有一个目标和享受生活的过程比仅仅有一个目标更为重要。根据“to have a goal and enjoy the journey in life than just to have a goal”以及文章的内容可知，有目标并享受旅程比只有目标更重要，根据“than”可知此处用important“重要的”的比较级more important。故填more important。
56．peaceful 57．thinking 58．a 59．cities 60．are 61．friendly 62．making 63．suggest 64．Or 65．than
【导语】本文主要讲述了如何通过友善沟通和相互理解来建立和谐的邻里关系。
56．句意：为了追求和平的生活，你应该努力与周围的人建立良好关系。括号内给出名词peace，此处需要形容词形式peaceful作定语。故填peaceful。
57．句意：社区里的人可能有不同的生活方式和思维方式。and连接并列成分，前面living是动名词，此处thinking也需用动名词形式。故填thinking。
58．句意：如果每个人都有相同的想法，世界将会是一个无聊的地方。此处泛指“一个”地方，且boring以辅音音素开头。故填a。
59．句意：如今在许多城市，人们下班后通常锁上门，很少见到邻居。many后接可数名词复数形式。故填cities。
60．句意：社交互动常常被局限于街上的一声“嗨”。主语interactions是复数，且描述客观事实用一般现在时。故填are。
61．句意：如果发生这种情况，用友好的方式讨论问题。此处需要形容词作定语修饰way。故填friendly。
62．句意：这让你可以表达想法而不会破坏你们的关系。without是介词，后接动名词making。故填making。
63．句意：你应该礼貌地建议他们调低音量吗？情态动词should后接动词原形。故填suggest。
64．句意：还是你应该对他们大喊大叫？此处是选择疑问句，用or连接。故填Or。
65．句意：毕竟，好邻居胜过远亲。根据句意此处是比较级，表示“比…更好”。故填than。
66．It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence. 67．Because he doesn’t want to see Bob/Bob’s place or Bob’s face any more. 68．He is very wise/clever/helpful. 69．我为我所说的话和所做的事感到非常抱歉。 70．A Fence or a Bridge /A Wise/Clever/Helpful Carpenter/...
【导语】本文主要讲述了农夫约翰和农夫鲍勃原本关系很好，后来因小事产生矛盾，约翰让木匠建围栏隔开鲍勃，最后木匠建了座桥化解了他们矛盾的故事。
66．根据“Then their good relationship broke. It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence.”可知，他们的关系破裂是从一件小事开始，然后是恶语相向，接着是数周的沉默。故填It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence.
67．根据“I want you to build a fence—an 8-foot fence. I don’t want to see his place or his face any more. I don’t have such a neighbour.”可知，农夫约翰让木匠建围栏是因为他不想再看到鲍勃、鲍勃的地方或鲍勃的脸。故填Because he doesn’t want to see Bob/Bob’s place or Bob’s face any more.
68．这是一个开放性问题，答案因人而异。但可以根据文章内容来回答，木匠没有按照约翰的要求建围栏，而是建了座桥，化解了约翰和鲍勃的矛盾，说明木匠很聪明、有智慧、乐于助人等。故填He is very wise/clever/helpful.
69．“I’m really sorry for...”是固定句式，表示“我为……感到非常抱歉”；“what I have said and done”是宾语从句，表示“我说的话和做的事”。故填：我为我所说的话和所做的事感到非常抱歉。
70．文章主要围绕约翰让木匠建围栏，木匠却建了座桥展开，所以标题可以是“A Fence or a Bridge （是围栏还是桥？）” ，也可以从木匠的智慧、聪明、乐于助人等角度来拟标题，如“A Wise/Clever/Helpful Carpenter（一个有智慧/聪明/乐于助人的木匠）”等，答案不唯一。故填A Fence or a Bridge /A Wise/Clever/Helpful Carpenter/...
71．例文
I think the saying “Close neighbours are better than distant relatives” is true. In my neighbourhood, all my neighbours are kind and helpful. Some of them are volunteers. They meet at the community centre and share their skills. If there’s something wrong with my laptop, I can ask a computer engineer to fix it. Old people can get some help as well. The volunteers often visit them and do some shopping for them. I’m so lucky to live in such a nice neighbourhood.
I want to organize an activity—“Collect and Share”. We can collect old things from the neighbourhood and give them a new life. I think if we treat our neighbours like family, we will enjoy a better life in the neighbourhood.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，围绕构建和谐邻里关系展开。
②时态：时态为一般现在时。
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏信息提示中对“远亲不如近邻”的看法、好邻居的样子、好社区的样子、为社区做的事的介绍要点，适当添加细节，突出邻里关系的重要性与构建方法。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。开篇先表达对俗语的认同。
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从邻居的友善互助、好社区的氛围、为社区做的事几方面，说明构建和谐邻里关系的要点。
第三步，书写结语。表达期望，结束短文。
[亮点词汇]
①distant relative远亲
②volunteer志愿者
③community centre社区中心
④treat ... like ...像……对待……
[高分句型]
①In my neighbourhood, all my neighbours are kind and helpful. Some of them are volunteers. (说明邻居的特点与身份)
②If there’s something wrong with my laptop, I can ask a computer engineer to fix it. (if引导条件状语从句，举例说明邻居的帮助)
③I want to organize an activity—“Collect and Share”. We can collect old things from the neighbourhood and give them a new life. (说明为社区做的事，and连接并列动作)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语外研版（2024）Unit 1-Unit 2
阶段全真模拟培优卷
注意事项：
1．本试卷共七大题，满分120分（不含听力口语30分），考试用时100分钟；
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡相对应的位置上，并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人的相符合；
3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题；
4．考生答题必须答在答题卡上，答在试卷和草稿纸上一律无效。
第一部分 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
One day, Sally got into a fight with one of her classmates. Then she went home and told her mother about the fight. “I don’t want to be friends with Alice any more. She is too bad, and I hate her,” the girl said 1 .
The mother listened to Sally carefully, and then she said in a soft voice, “My dear, let me tell you a story of 2 . When I was young, it was 3 for me to get angry. As a result, it just made me feel 4 . Do you know why ”
Sally looked at her mother’s eyes and shook her head.
The mother 5 explaining, “ 6 nobody wants to make friends with people who get angry easily. I realize I must learn to 7 myself. I tell myself to count from 1 to 10 every time I get angry. I try my best to get on well with 8 around me. And I find it happy for me to do nice things for people. I make a lot of good friends.”
“Mom, I’m wrong. 9 should I do ” Sally asked.
“I guess you could call her to say sorry so that you can be friends again,” replied the mother.
“Thanks for your 10 ,” Sally said happily.
1．A．luckily B．happily C．angrily D．quietly
2．A．mine B．yours C．his D．my
3．A．easy B．difficult C．strong D．weak
4．A．excited B．lonely C．nervous D．happy
5．A．allowed B．continued C．imagined D．stopped
6．A．Although B．Until C．Because D．If
7．A．argue B．control C．communicate D．forget
8．A．someone B．no one C．everyone D．anyone
9．A．Why B．What C．When D．How
10．A．advice B．feeling C．spirit D．news
第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
A doctor quickly entered the hospital after being called in for surgery (外科手术). He changed his clothes and went directly to the surgery room. He saw the boy’s father walking back and forth in the hall, waiting for the doctor.
On seeing the doctor, the dad shouted, “Why did it take so long for you to come Don’t you know that my son’s life is in danger ”
The doctor smiled and said, “I’m sorry. But I came as fast as I could. Now I wish you’d stay relaxed so that I can do my work.” “Stay relaxed If your son were in this room right now, would you stay relaxed ” said the father angrily.
The doctor smiled again and answered, “Just go and wish your son the best. We will do our best.” The surgery took some hours. Then the doctor went out happily and said, “Thank God! Your son is saved!” And without waiting for the father’s answer, he ran away.
“Why is he in such a hurry ” asked the father when seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left. The nurse answered, “His son died yesterday in an accident. He was at the funeral (葬礼) when we called him for your son’s surgery.”
11．What did the father do when he saw the doctor
A．He welcomed the doctor. B．He questioned the doctor.
C．He thanked the doctor. D．He played with the doctor.
12．What did the doctor want the father to do
A．Go home and wait. B．Get into the surgery room.
C．Stay relaxed and wait. D．Talk to other people around him.
13．What would the doctor probably do after finishing the surgery
A．Go to another surgery room. B．Go back to the funeral.
C．Go home and relax. D．Continue his vacation.
14．Which is the RIGHT order
①The doctor did surgery. ②The father talked with the nurse.
③The father talked with the doctor. ④The father walked nervously in the hall.
A．④③①② B．①②④③ C．①③④② D．④③②①
15．How would the father most likely feel after hearing the nurse’s words
A．Bored. B．Sorry. C．Excited. D．Happy.
B
Tom came to his teacher and asked him, “Sir, I have a question. How many friends should a person have—one or many ”
“It is very simple,” the teacher answered. “Get me that red apple from the highest branch (树枝) of the tree.”
Tom looked up and said, “It’s too high! I can’t reach it.”
“Ask a friend. Maybe he can help,” the teacher suggested.
Tom called another student and stood on his shoulders (肩膀) to reach the branch. “I still can’t reach it, sir,” said Tom sadly after the first try.
“Don’t you have more friends ” the teacher smiled.
Tom asked more friends to come over. They stood on each other’s shoulders, trying to make a human pyramid (金字塔). But the apple was so high that they couldn’t go higher and the pyramid fell. Tom still couldn’t reach the apple.
Then one of the friends went home, brought a ladder (梯子) and Tom finally picked the apple.
After getting the apple, the teacher asked, “So, do you understand how many friends a person needs ”
“Yes, I do,” Tom said. “Many, so together we can work out any problem.”
“Sounds good,” the teacher said. “You need as many friends as you can. Among them, there will be at least one smart person who can think of a good idea, like getting a ladder!”
16．What did the teacher ask Tom to do at first
A．To pick the red apple for him. B．To find the answer in books.
C．To do his homework. D．To work with Tom’s friends.
17．Which of the following is the right order of Tom’s picking the apple
①looked up under the tree ②climbed the ladder
③made a human pyramid ④stood on his friend’s shoulders
A．①②③④ B．②③①④ C．④①③② D．①④③②
18．What word can best describe the teacher
A．Strict. B．Clever. C．Funny. D．Tidy.
19．What can Tom learn about friends from his experience of picking the apple
A．Friends are only useful when they are smart.
B．Having many friends makes it easier to solve problems.
C．One should always depend on oneself rather than on friends.
D．Being friendly to all people is important, not just friends.
20．How did the teacher answer Tom’s question
A．By telling him a story about apples. B．By simply telling him the answer.
C．By asking him to learn by doing. D．By drawing an apple tree.
C
Selah Schneiter stood on the top of El Capitan. Her blue helmet (头盔) sat on top of her head and a thick (粗的) green rope was tied around her body. The ten-year-old girl smiled from ear to ear as tears (眼泪) ran down her face.
“Selah, are those your happy tears ” Mike, her father, asked.
She nodded (点头). “I just can’t believe I did it!” Selah said.
The girl had just made rock climbing history. She became the youngest person ever to have climbed El Capitan. The mountain is about 916 meters tall—higher than the tallest building in the world. And Selah carried 9 kilograms of gear, food and water with her.
Her father, an experienced climber, joined her. The climb took them five days. At first, Selah’s father thought the mountain was too high for his daughter. The little girl, however, was serious. Every day, they would get a little closer to the top. “One move at a time. I will achieve success in the end!” the girl said.
Selah wanted to use this achievement (成就) to encourage other children not to give up easily. In our daily lives, there may be many tall “mountains” too. Keep trying, and you can overcome (克服) any difficulty!
21．How did Selah feel when she stood on the top of El Capitan
A．Sad. B．Lucky. C．Excited. D．Afraid.
22．What does the underlined word “gear” in the fourth paragraph mean in Chinese
A．纱布 B．设备 C．音箱 D．颜料
23．Which of the following words best describes Selah
A．Warm-hearted. B．Strong-minded.
C．Easy-going. D．Well-educated.
24．Why did Selah want to stand on the top of El Capitan
A．To visit more mountains. B．To make herself more famous.
C．To stay with her father. D．To encourage other children.
25．What’s the best title for the passage
A．A Brave Climber B．A Dangerous Mountain
C．A Serious Illness D．A Happy Family
D
Alice was sitting with her sister by the river and her sister was reading a book. Alice had nothing to do. Once or twice she looked into her sister’s book. “And what is a book for,” thought Alice, “without pictures or conversations ” Suddenly a white rabbit (兔子) with pink eyes ran by.
There was nothing strange about that. She heard the rabbit say, “Oh dear! Oh dear! I’ll be late!” and she did not think it was strange. Then the rabbit took a watch out of its pocket and looked at it. A rabbit with a pocket and a watch Alice got up and ran across the field after it. She saw it go down a large rabbit hole in the ground.
Then Alice went down after it, but never thought about how she was going to get out again. She found that she was falling down a very, very deep hole (洞). It was too dark for her to see anything. She was falling for a long time. While she was falling, she was thinking about her cat, Dinah. Suddenly she landed on some dry leaves.
26．What was Alice’s sister doing
A．She was reading at home. B．She was doing nothing.
C．She was reading by the river. D．She was sitting with her friend.
27．Alice thinks it was strange because ________.
A．the rabbit had pink eyes and ran fast B．the rabbit said it would be late
C．the rabbit had a pocket and a watch D．the rabbit could speak
28．What can we know from Paragraph Three
A．Alice was afraid. B．Alice couldn’t see anything in the hole.
C．Alice knew how to get out of the hole. D．Alice fell with her cat Dinah.
29．Which is the right order (顺序) of Alice’s experience
a. Alice landed on some dry leaves. b. Alice fell down a deep hole.
c. Alice saw a rabbit running by. d. Alice ran after the rabbit.
A．d—c—b—a B．b—a—c—d C．c—d—b—a D．c—b—d—a
30．Where is the passage probably from
A．A story book. B．A science newspaper. C．A travel book. D．A sports magazine.
第三部分 信息还原（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“Are you an I-person or an E-person ” This question has become a popular way for many people to start a conversation (谈话) when they want to know more about a new person they just met.
Hu Xiaofan is the same. There is a system called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). 31 Hu Xiaofan is an INFJ. On the website www., there are 16 different personalities introduced, including INTJ, INTP, ENTJ, INFJ, ENFJ, ENPF, etc. For example, INFJ people want everything to be perfect. So, when they can’t make something perfect, they may get really hurt.
However, they are special too. They like to think a lot. 32 They are also very understanding. If a classmate is sad, they will know right away and try to make him or her feel better.
After reading the information about her type, Hu Xiaofan thinks the test describes her very well. She said, “When I meet people for the first time, I don’t feel uncomfortable or don’t know what to say anymore. 33 ”
On Weibo, “MBTI” got more than 3.5 billion views (浏览). 34 The MBTI is not only an interesting topic for people to talk about when they meet, but also a way to help people to know themselves better. 35
A．The MBTI test is very interesting.
B．I-people are very quiet and like to be alone.
C．800, 000 people shared their own ideas.
D．They always wonder about things like why the sky is blue.
E．It can make people think about what to choose in their lives.
F．I can ask if they are an I-person or an E-person to start chatting.
G．It tells people by their personalities, habits, and other things.
第四部分 词汇运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
第一节 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
36．There are some cultural (差异) in eating habits between the East and the West.
37．Little Tom compared the two books but didn’t find a (不同之处).
38．The teacher didn’t (允许) us to bring any snacks to school.
39．Zhu Ting says she will return to her motherland (无论什么时候) she is needed.
40．I’m always too (焦虑的) in my school life because my mother is so strict with me in my studies.
41．He bought n but a scarf yesterday.
42．A Mr. Miller is tired after a day’s work, he spends lots of time with his family.
43．Being kind not only helps the recipient of the k , but it also improves the mood and health of the person being kind.
44．Sometimes brothers or sisters will disagree with each other and begin to a .
45．People are surprised at the rapid development of robots. In a few years, p robots will think on their own.
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
sad, nothing, if, however, offer, final, beautiful, farmer, he, before, important, quick
Once there lived a wise (聪明的) man in the country. 46 , his son had no goals (目标) in life and wasn’t happy. That made him worried. As the years passed, the man was more worried and 47 . One day, he handed his son a map and said, “I want you to go and find a treasure (财宝) .”
The son set out eagerly (急切地). He traveled really far across forests and mountains. 48 , he reached the place and began to dig. He dug and dug, but 49 was found. Tired and upset, he decided to go back home. On his way back, he noticed dancing birds and 50 flowers. He met happy 51 in the fields. He found everything nice.
He got home and his father asked, “How was your journey to the place Did you enjoy it ” “Of course not, I was worried that someone else would find the treasure 52 I did. But I enjoyed the journey back home and forgot the pain of not finding the treasure.” The son kept telling his father what he noticed on 53 way back.
“Nice things are always there,” the father smiled. “My son, I want you to have a goal. If you don’t have a goal, you won’t set out. But 54 the goal is the only thing in your mind, you’ll miss something nice and won’t be happy. So, remember: it’s 55 to have a goal and enjoy the journey in life than just to have a goal.”
第五部分 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
To work towards a 56 (peace) life, you should always try to develop good relationships with the people around you. Be kind and help those in need. Do this not only for family and friends, but also for the people who live in your neighbourhood.
People in your community might have different ways of living and 57 (think). This doesn’t mean that they’re wrong and you’re right. If everyone had the same ideas, the world would be 58 boring place.
Today, in many 59 (city), people usually lock their doors after work and don’t see their neighbours much. Social interactions (相互影响) 60 (be) often limited to a “Hi!” on the street. However, there may be times when someone does something that upsets you. If this happens, discuss the matter in a 61 (friend) way. This allows you to express your ideas without 62 (make) your relationship damaged. Avoid arguments, especially ones that judge the nature of the person rather than the actions. For example, your neighbours are playing loud music while you try to fall asleep. Should you politely 63 (suggest) they turn it down 64 should you angrily shout at them The first choice is wise. By calmly examining any problems, you create the relationship of mutual respect and understanding. After all, good neighbours are better 65 distant relatives.
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Farmer John and Farmer Bob were neighbours. For more than 30 years, they had been getting along very well.
Then their good relationship broke. It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence. One morning John woke up to find a stream between the two farms. “It must be Bob,” John thought.
Then one day there was a knock on John’s door. He opened it to find a carpenter (木匠).
“I’m looking for a few days’ work,” the carpenter said.
“I do have a job for you,” John said. “Look across the stream at that farm. That’s my neighbour Bob. He dug a stream between the two farms. I want you to build a fence—an 8-foot fence. I don’t want to see his place or his face any more. I don’t have such a neighbour.”
The carpenter said, “I think I know what to do, sir, and I can do a job to your satisfaction.”
Farmer John helped the carpenter get the materials ready and then he was off.
About sunset when the farmer returned, the carpenter had just finished his job. The farmer’s eyes opened wide. There was no fence at all!
It was a bridge! And the neighbour, Bob, was coming across, with his hand outstretched (伸出). “Hi, John! You’re quite a fellow to build this bridge!”
Then they met in the middle, taking each other’s hands. “I’m really sorry for what I have said and done. We should be good to each other,” said Farmer Bob.
66．How did their relationship break
67．Why did Farmer John ask the carpenter to build a fence
68．What do you think of the carpenter
69．将短文中画线的句子译成汉语。
70．请给短文拟一个适当的标题。
书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
71．学校英语俱乐部即将举办一场有关邻里关系的征文比赛，主题为：美好生活，有邻有趣。俱乐部罗列出以下要点，请思考并完善，写一篇英语短文，谈一谈如何构建和谐邻里关系，让幸福更触手可及。
要点：
1. What do you think of the saying “Close neighbours are better than distant relatives”
2. What do you think a good neighbour is like
3. What do you think a good neighbourhood should be like
4. What would you like to do for your neighbourhood
注意：
(1) 词数80~100；
(2) 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3) 文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。
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参考答案及试题解析
1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Sally的妈妈通过自己的一个小故事教育Sally经常生气的人是会没有朋友的，让她意识到不能轻易生气。
1．句意：“我不想再和爱丽丝做朋友了。她太坏了，我恨她，”女孩生气地说。
luckily幸运地；happily开心地；angrily生气地；quietly安静地。根据“I don’t want to be friends with Alice any more. She is too bad, I hate her.”可知女孩认为Alice太坏了不想跟她做朋友，由此可推测女孩很生气。故选C。
2．句意：亲爱的，让我给你讲一个我的故事吧。
mine我的东西；yours你的东西；his他的东西；my我的。根据“When I was young...”可知这里应该是Sally妈妈的故事，用名词性物主代词，故选A。
3．句意：当我年轻的时候，我很容易生气。
easy简单的；difficult困难的；strong强壮的；weak虚弱的。根据“nobody wants to make friends with people who get angry easily...I tell myself to count from 1 to 10 every time I get angry.”可知妈妈让自己每次生气的时候都从1数到10是因为没有人会想和一个轻易生气的人做朋友的。上下文联系可知，妈妈以前是个容易生气的人。故选A。
4．句意：结果，这让我感到孤独。
excited兴奋的；lonely孤独的；nervous紧张的；happy高兴的。根据“nobody wants to make friends with people who get angry easily”可知没有人愿意和一个轻易生气的人做朋友，所以以前经常生气的妈妈应该是没有朋友感到孤单的。故选B。
5．句意：妈妈继续解释，“因为没有人愿意和容易生气的人交朋友。”
allowed允许；continued继续；imagined想象；stopped停止。根据上下文妈妈一直在说话可知此处应为继续向“我”解释。故选B。
6．句意：妈妈继续解释，“因为没有人愿意和容易生气的人交朋友。”
Although尽管；Until直到；Because因为；If如果。根据“nobody wants to make friends with people who get angry easily. I realize I must learn...”可知因为没人愿意和容易生气的人交朋友所以妈妈才意识到要改变的。故选C。
7．句意：我意识到我必须学会控制自己。
argue争论；control控制；communicate交流；forget忘记。根据“I tell myself to count from 1 to 10 every time I get angry. I try my best to get on well with...”可知这里都是妈妈做出的改变，她学会了控制自己的情绪。故选B。
8．句意：我尽我最大的努力与我周围的每个人相处。
someone某人；no one没有人；everyone每个人；anyone任何人。根据“I tell myself to...I make a lot of good friends.”可知这里是妈妈作出的改变，最终交到了很多好朋友，所以前文应该是尽力跟每个人相处。故选C。
9．句意：我应该做什么？
Why为什么；What是什么；When什么时候；How如何。根据“should I do ”可知，询问做什么。故选B。
10．句意：“谢谢你的建议，”莎莉高兴地说。
advice建议；feeling感觉；spirit精神；news消息。根据“I guess you could...”可知上文是妈妈给出的建议，所以此处应该是感谢妈妈的建议。故选A。
11．B 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文讲的是一位医生离开儿子的葬礼，奔赴医院挽救另一名男孩生命的故事。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段的描述可知，那位父亲见到医生的时候，他责问医生为什么来得这么晚。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据“Now I wish you’d stay relaxed so that I can do my work.”以及”Just go and wish your son the best.”可知，医生让那位父亲放松并等待。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据最后一段的描述可知，医生做完手术后可能会回到他儿子的葬礼上。故选B。
14．细节理解题。通读全文可知，正确的顺序是：父亲焦虑地在走廊走来走去，随后父亲和医生交谈，然后医生做手术，最后父亲和护士交谈。故选A。
15．推理判断题。通读最后一段及常识可推断，那位父亲得知真相后，很可能会觉得很“抱歉”。故选B。
16．A 17．D 18．B 19．B 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Tom向老师询问一个人应该有多少朋友，老师没有直接回答，而是通过让Tom尝试摘苹果的经历，引导他明白朋友多的重要性，因为朋友间可以互相帮助解决问题。
16．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Get me that red apple from the highest branch (树枝) of the tree.”可知，老师最初让Tom去给他摘那个红苹果。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Tom looked up and said”，第六段“Tom called another student and stood on his shoulders (肩膀) to reach the branch.”，第七段“They stood on each other’s shoulders, trying to make a human pyramid (金字塔).”以及第八段“Then one of the friends went home, brought a ladder (梯子) and Tom finally picked the apple.”可知，Tom先是抬头看树上的苹果，然后站在朋友的肩膀上，接着他们尝试搭人梯，最后有人拿来了梯子，Tom爬梯子摘到了苹果。所以正确的顺序是①④③②。故选D。
18．推理判断题。根据文章中老师通过让Tom摘苹果的经历，引导他明白朋友多的重要性，可以看出老师是一个聪明的人，能够用巧妙的方式教育学生。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Many, so together we can work out any problem.”可知，Tom从摘苹果的经历中学到了朋友多可以更容易地解决问题。故选B。
20．推理判断题。根据文章内容，老师没有直接告诉Tom一个人应该有多少朋友，而是通过让他尝试摘苹果的实践活动，引导他自己得出结论。故选C。
21．C 22．B 23．B 24．D 25．A
【导语】本文介绍了Selah Schneiter。她是一位很棒的登山者，她想用自己的经历鼓励其他孩子不要轻易放弃，要克服困难、勇于攀登。
21．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The ten-year-old girl smiled from ear to ear”意为“她笑得合不拢嘴”，可推断，她站在山顶时觉得很兴奋。故选C。
22．词句猜测题。画线的词是gear，根据其后提到的“food and water”可推断，她爬山带的物品有食物、水以及爬山用的“设备”。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The climb took them five days. At first, Selah’s father thought the mountain was too high for his daughter. The little girl, however, was serious.”意为“他们需要攀爬5天。起初，爸爸认为那山对女儿来说太高了。但小女孩很严肃认真。”可推断，Selah是一个意志坚强的人。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Selah wanted to use this achievement to encourage other children not to give up easily.”可知，Selah想用自己的实际行动来鼓励其他孩子不要轻易放弃。故选D。
25．最佳标题题。根据首段首句“Selah Schneiter stood on the top of El Capitan.”及尾段中的“In our daily lives, there may be many tall ‘mountains’ too.”可知，全文主要讲了一个小女孩 Selah Schneiter克服困难、勇敢攀登的故事。故选A。
26．C 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．A
【导语】本文讲述爱丽丝看到一只有口袋和手表的兔子后，出于好奇追赶兔子并跳进其钻入的地洞，最终落在一个深洞的干树叶上。
26．细节理解题。根据“Alice was sitting with her sister by the river and her sister was reading a book.”可知，爱丽丝的姐姐在河边读书。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“Then the rabbit took a watch out of its pocket and looked at it. A rabbit with a pocket and a watch ”可知，兔子居然带着口袋，还拿出手表看时间，这才让爱丽丝觉得奇怪，故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“She found that she was falling down a very, very deep hole (洞). It was too dark for her to see anything.”可知，第三段提到洞里太黑，看不到任何东西，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“Suddenly a white rabbit (兔子) with pink eyes ran by.”可知，爱丽丝看到了一只粉红色眼睛的白兔跑了过去；根据“Alice got up and ran across the field after it.”可知，爱丽丝追在兔子后面；根据“She found that she was falling down a very, very deep hole (洞)”可知，爱丽丝掉进了洞里；根据“Suddenly she landed on some dry leaves.”可知，爱丽丝落在一些干树叶上。正确顺序是c—d—b—a。故选C。
30．推理判断题。分析文章内容，它描述了爱丽丝与一只会说话、带口袋和手表的兔子的奇幻遭遇，以及她随后跳入兔子洞的经历。这些情节充满了想象力和奇幻色彩，是典型的童话或故事书元素，属于文学故事类，故选A。
31．G 32．D 33．F 34．C 35．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了MBTI这种性格测试系统，包括其作用、包含的性格类型以及人们对它的看法等。
31．上文提到“There is a system called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).”，即有一个叫MBTI的系统，下文又列举了“Hu Xiaofan is an INFJ.”以及“there are 16 different personalities introduced...”等内容，说明MBTI系统是根据人们的性格、习惯等方面来划分性格类型的。选项G“它通过人们的性格、习惯和其他方面来告诉人们（性格类型）”符合语境，能够很好地衔接上下文，故选G。
32．上文提到“However, they are special too. They like to think a lot.”，即INFJ类型的人很特别，他们喜欢思考很多，下文应是对他们喜欢思考这一特点的进一步说明。选项D“他们总是思考诸如天空为什么是蓝色之类的问题”符合语境，是对他们喜欢思考的举例说明，故选D。
33．上文提到“After reading the information about her type, Hu Xiaofan thinks the test describes her very well. She said, ‘When I meet people for the first time, I don’t feel uncomfortable or don’t know what to say anymore.’”，即胡晓凡读了关于自己性格类型的信息后，认为这个测试很好地描述了她，她说当她第一次见人时，不再感到不舒服或不知道说什么了，下文应是对她现在与人交流方式的说明。选项F“我可以问他们是I型人还是E型人来开始聊天”符合语境，说明了她现在与人交流的方式，故选F。
34．上文提到“On Weibo, ‘MBTI’ got more than 3.5 billion views (浏览).”，即在微博上，“MBTI”的浏览量超过了35亿，下文应是对这一数据的进一步说明或相关情况的描述。选项C“80万人分享了他们自己的想法”符合语境，是对微博上关于MBTI讨论情况的进一步说明，故选C。
35．上文提到“The MBTI is not only an interesting topic for people to talk about when they meet, but also a way to help people to know themselves better.”，即MBTI不仅是人们见面时谈论的一个有趣话题，也是帮助人们更好地了解自己的一种方式，下文应是对MBTI作用的进一步阐述。选项E“它可以让人们思考在生活中要选择什么”符合语境，是对MBTI作用的进一步说明，即它可以帮助人们思考生活中的选择，故选E。
36．differences
【解析】句意：东西方在饮食习惯上存在一些文化差异。difference“差异”，根据“some”可知，此处用复数形式differences。故填differences。
37．difference
【解析】句意：小汤姆比较了这两本书，但没有发现不同之处。根据“a”可知，此处使用可数名词单数，difference“不同之处”，名词。故填difference。
38．allow
【解析】句意：老师不允许我们带零食到学校。allow“允许”，动词；助动词didn’t后接动词原形。故填allow。
39．whenever
【解析】句意：朱婷说，无论何时需要她，她都会回到祖国。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填whenever“无论什么时候”，引导时间状语从句。故填whenever。
40．anxious
【解析】句意：我在学校生活中总是太焦虑，因为我妈妈对我的学习要求很严格。anxious“焦虑的”，形容词作表语。故填anxious。
41．(n)othing
【解析】句意：他昨天除了一条围巾，什么也没买。根据“but a scarf”以及首字母提示，此处指他“除了一条围巾，什么也没买”，“nothing but”是一个常用搭配，用于强调“除了……之外，别无其他”。故填(n)othing。
42．(A)lthough
【解析】句意：尽管米勒先生一天的工作结束后感到很疲惫，但他还是会花很多时间陪伴家人。分析句子结构可知，空格处缺少连词连接两个句子。“Mr. Miller is tired after a day’s work”与“he spends lots of time with his family.”是让步关系，结合首字母“A”可知，此空应填although表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填(A)lthough。
43．(k)indness
【解析】句意：善待他人不仅能让受善待者受益，而且还能提升施善者的情绪和健康。根据“Being kind”和首字母可推断这里说的是受善待者所接受到的东西，即“善意、善良的行为”，kindness“善意、善良的行为”，不可数名词。故填(k)indness。
44．(a)rgue
【解析】 句意：有时候兄弟姐妹之间会有不同意见，然后开始争吵。根据“disagree with each other”及首字母a可知，动词argue（争吵；争论）符合语境。“begin to do sth.”为固定结构，“to”后接动词原形，因此“argue”用原形即可，故填(a)rgue。
45．(p)erhaps
【解析】句意：人们对机器人的迅速发展感到惊讶。再过几年，也许机器人就能独立思考了。根据“In a few years, …robots will think on their own.”及首字母提示可知，此处猜测可能机器人会独立思考，修饰整个句子，应用副词，perhaps“可能”，是副词，符合题意。故填(p)erhaps。
46．However 47．sadder 48．Finally 49．nothing 50．beautiful 51．farmers 52．before 53．his 54．if 55．more important
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过智者和儿子的故事告诉我们：生活中有一个目标很重要，同时也要享受这个过程。
46．句意：然而他的儿子没有生活的目标也很不开心。此处和前句是转折关系，空后由逗号隔开，用however“然而”连接，位于句首首字母需大写。故填However。
47．句意：随着时间的流逝，这个人越来越担心，也越来越难过。根据“wasn’t happy”以及“more worried…”可知，智者变得越来越担心，也越来越难过，应用sad的比较级sadder“更伤心的”。故填sadder。
48．句意：最后，他到了那个地方，开始挖掘。根据“he reached the place”可知，是最后终于到了那个地方，修饰整个句子用final的副词finally “最后”，位于句首首字母需大写。故填Finally。
49．句意：他挖啊挖，但是什么都没有发现。根据“was found”可知，转折词后表示什么也没有发现，nothing“没有什么” 符合语境。故填nothing。
50．句意：在回来的路上，他注意到翩翩起舞的鸟儿和美丽的花朵。根据“flowers”可知，是美丽的花朵，beautiful“美丽的” 符合语境。故填beautiful。
51．句意：他在地里遇到了快乐的农夫。根据“in the fields”及备选词可知，在地里遇到了农民，空前无限定词，此处用名词farmer的复数farmers “农民”。故填farmers。
52．句意：当然没有！我担心别人会比我先找到宝藏。根据“Of course not, I was worried that someone else would find the treasure…I did”可知，智者的儿子很担心别人在他之前找到宝藏，before “在……之前”符合语境。故填before。
53．句意：儿子不停地告诉他的父亲他在回来的路上所注意到的。根据“on…way back”可知，是在他回来的路上，用he对应的形容词性物主代词his。故填his。
54．句意：但是如果你脑子里只有目标，你将会错过一些美好的东西，也不会高兴。该句表示假设的情况，“the goal is the only thing in your mind”是“you’ll miss something nice and won’t be happy”的条件，所以用if “如果” 引导条件状语从句。故填if。
55．句意：所以，请记住：有一个目标和享受生活的过程比仅仅有一个目标更为重要。根据“to have a goal and enjoy the journey in life than just to have a goal”以及文章的内容可知，有目标并享受旅程比只有目标更重要，根据“than”可知此处用important“重要的”的比较级more important。故填more important。
56．peaceful 57．thinking 58．a 59．cities 60．are 61．friendly 62．making 63．suggest 64．Or 65．than
【导语】本文主要讲述了如何通过友善沟通和相互理解来建立和谐的邻里关系。
56．句意：为了追求和平的生活，你应该努力与周围的人建立良好关系。括号内给出名词peace，此处需要形容词形式peaceful作定语。故填peaceful。
57．句意：社区里的人可能有不同的生活方式和思维方式。and连接并列成分，前面living是动名词，此处thinking也需用动名词形式。故填thinking。
58．句意：如果每个人都有相同的想法，世界将会是一个无聊的地方。此处泛指“一个”地方，且boring以辅音音素开头。故填a。
59．句意：如今在许多城市，人们下班后通常锁上门，很少见到邻居。many后接可数名词复数形式。故填cities。
60．句意：社交互动常常被局限于街上的一声“嗨”。主语interactions是复数，且描述客观事实用一般现在时。故填are。
61．句意：如果发生这种情况，用友好的方式讨论问题。此处需要形容词作定语修饰way。故填friendly。
62．句意：这让你可以表达想法而不会破坏你们的关系。without是介词，后接动名词making。故填making。
63．句意：你应该礼貌地建议他们调低音量吗？情态动词should后接动词原形。故填suggest。
64．句意：还是你应该对他们大喊大叫？此处是选择疑问句，用or连接。故填Or。
65．句意：毕竟，好邻居胜过远亲。根据句意此处是比较级，表示“比…更好”。故填than。
66．It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence. 67．Because he doesn’t want to see Bob/Bob’s place or Bob’s face any more. 68．He is very wise/clever/helpful. 69．我为我所说的话和所做的事感到非常抱歉。 70．A Fence or a Bridge /A Wise/Clever/Helpful Carpenter/...
【导语】本文主要讲述了农夫约翰和农夫鲍勃原本关系很好，后来因小事产生矛盾，约翰让木匠建围栏隔开鲍勃，最后木匠建了座桥化解了他们矛盾的故事。
66．根据“Then their good relationship broke. It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence.”可知，他们的关系破裂是从一件小事开始，然后是恶语相向，接着是数周的沉默。故填It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence.
67．根据“I want you to build a fence—an 8-foot fence. I don’t want to see his place or his face any more. I don’t have such a neighbour.”可知，农夫约翰让木匠建围栏是因为他不想再看到鲍勃、鲍勃的地方或鲍勃的脸。故填Because he doesn’t want to see Bob/Bob’s place or Bob’s face any more.
68．这是一个开放性问题，答案因人而异。但可以根据文章内容来回答，木匠没有按照约翰的要求建围栏，而是建了座桥，化解了约翰和鲍勃的矛盾，说明木匠很聪明、有智慧、乐于助人等。故填He is very wise/clever/helpful.
69．“I’m really sorry for...”是固定句式，表示“我为……感到非常抱歉”；“what I have said and done”是宾语从句，表示“我说的话和做的事”。故填：我为我所说的话和所做的事感到非常抱歉。
70．文章主要围绕约翰让木匠建围栏，木匠却建了座桥展开，所以标题可以是“A Fence or a Bridge （是围栏还是桥？）” ，也可以从木匠的智慧、聪明、乐于助人等角度来拟标题，如“A Wise/Clever/Helpful Carpenter（一个有智慧/聪明/乐于助人的木匠）”等，答案不唯一。故填A Fence or a Bridge /A Wise/Clever/Helpful Carpenter/...
71．例文
I think the saying “Close neighbours are better than distant relatives” is true. In my neighbourhood, all my neighbours are kind and helpful. Some of them are volunteers. They meet at the community centre and share their skills. If there’s something wrong with my laptop, I can ask a computer engineer to fix it. Old people can get some help as well. The volunteers often visit them and do some shopping for them. I’m so lucky to live in such a nice neighbourhood.
I want to organize an activity—“Collect and Share”. We can collect old things from the neighbourhood and give them a new life. I think if we treat our neighbours like family, we will enjoy a better life in the neighbourhood.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，围绕构建和谐邻里关系展开。
②时态：时态为一般现在时。
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏信息提示中对“远亲不如近邻”的看法、好邻居的样子、好社区的样子、为社区做的事的介绍要点，适当添加细节，突出邻里关系的重要性与构建方法。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。开篇先表达对俗语的认同。
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从邻居的友善互助、好社区的氛围、为社区做的事几方面，说明构建和谐邻里关系的要点。
第三步，书写结语。表达期望，结束短文。
[亮点词汇]
①distant relative远亲
②volunteer志愿者
③community centre社区中心
④treat ... like ...像……对待……
[高分句型]
①In my neighbourhood, all my neighbours are kind and helpful. Some of them are volunteers. (说明邻居的特点与身份)
②If there’s something wrong with my laptop, I can ask a computer engineer to fix it. (if引导条件状语从句，举例说明邻居的帮助)
③I want to organize an activity—“Collect and Share”. We can collect old things from the neighbourhood and give them a new life. (说明为社区做的事，and连接并列动作)
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