第2讲 主谓一致
● 高考链接
1.were 考查动词时态和主谓一致。空处为本句谓语动词,根据句意以及定语从句时态可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语some of the things是复数,故填were。
2.walks 考查动词时态和主谓一致。walk sb through意为“带领某人穿过……”,空处为本句谓语动词,根据上文可知,本句时态为一般现在时,主语the Silk Route Garden为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
3.has established 考查动词时态和主谓一致。由up to now(到目前为止)可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语是China,助动词应用has,故填has established。
4.means 考查动词时态和主谓一致。空处为本句谓语动词,根据上下文可知,本句时态为一般现在时;主语the remarkable development of this city是单数,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
5.was 考查动词时态和主谓一致。本句的主语是one of the biggest companies,故谓语动词用单数形式。再根据wrote可知,此空用一般过去时,故用was。
● 考点解读
【技法训练一】
1.has not been decided 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句子以“疑问词+动词不定式短语”作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式,且根据yet 可知用现在完成时,主语与谓语又为逻辑上的被动关系;when and where to go for the on-salary holiday是一个整体,谓语用单数形式,故填has not been decided。
2.is; was 考查时态和主谓一致。主语后有together with时,谓语动词的单复数由主语的单复数决定, 句子主语为the teacher,且由时间状语now可知,第一个空填is; 第二个空位于定语从句中,先行词为Reading Skills,是一本书,为单数,且根据语境可知用一般过去时,故第二个空填was。
3.is regarded 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据nowadays和语境可知,此处应该用一般现在时的被动语态,由介词短语along with可知,谓语动词的单复数应该与cycling保持一致,故填is regarded。
4.has been cheated 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。由up to now 可知用现在完成时,且主语与cheat为被动关系,又由many a加单数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数可知填has been cheated。
【技法训练二】
1.is 考查时态和主谓一致。集体名词 staff 在句子中强调的是整体概念,谓语动词应用单数形式,由语境可知应用一般现在时,故填is。
2.were 考查时态和主谓一致。“百分数+of+名词”的结构在句中作主语时,谓语动词的数应该与 of 后面的名词的数保持一致, the middle-aged 指一类人,表示复数概念,谓语动词应用复数形式,且本句的时间状语是 last year,故填were。
3.has remained 考查时态和主谓一致。ever since作时间状语,句子用现在完成时,the number of表示“……的数目”,作主语时,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has remained。
4.are 考查时态和主谓一致。根据three are declining和six可知,此处谓语用复数,时态为一般现在时,故填are。
【技法训练三】
1.are 考查时态和主谓一致。 此句为there be 句型,there be句型中be动词的单复数取决于主语,此句主语为复数名词,且根据后文可知时态为一般现在时,故填are。
2.has gone 考查时态和主谓一致。not only…but (also)…连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词与but (also)后的成分在人称和数上保持一致;再结合语境“They haven’t been back yet.”可知用现在完成时。故填has gone。
3.is 考查时态和主谓一致。either…or…“要么……要么……,或者……或者……”连接并列主语时谓语动词遵循就近一致的原则,故谓语动词的数应和one of your students保持一致,根据语境可知时态为一般现在时,故填 is。
● 实战演练
Ⅰ.1.shows 考查动词时态和主谓一致。主句的主语evidence在此处是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式,且根据语境可知,时态为一般现在时。故填shows。
2.is 考查动词时态和主谓一致。由“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中of后面名词的数而定,故谓语动词应用单数形式,再根据are可知时态为一般现在时,故填is。
3.is needed 考查动词语态和主谓一致。“not only…but also…”连接两个主语时,谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则,故此处谓语动词应用单数形式,且主语与动词need之间是被动关系。故填is needed。
4.were searching 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句型sb be doing sth when…表示“某人正在……这时……”,根据appeared可知主句用过去进行时,表示过去正在进行的动作,police是集体名词,作主语表示“警方”时,谓语动词用复数形式。故填were searching。
5.suits 考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,定语从句在陈述事实,用一般现在时,主语that指代先行词a solution,是第三人称单数,故定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。故填suits。
6.was damaged 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语last week可知,用一般过去时,且主语 many a house与damage之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态,“many a+单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。故填was damaged。
7.has desired 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since last month可知,此处应用现在完成时。结合along with遵循就远原则可知,谓语动词应与主语George保持人称和数的一致,George 为第三人称单数,故填has desired。
8.is 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据a small piece of land可知谓语动词用单数形式,又根据从句的时态可知空处应用一般现在时。故填is。
9.comes 考查动词时态和主谓一致。此句是“介词短语+谓语+主语”型的完全倒装句,pressure是主语,谓语动词应用单数,且句子陈述客观事实,应使用一般现在时。故填comes。
10.has been rising 考查动词时态和主谓一致。“the number of+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式;由since 1997及语境可知,应用现在完成进行时。故填has been rising。
Ⅱ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西藏唐卡。
1.loosely 考查副词。空处修饰woven,应用副词形式,故填loosely。
2.meaning 考查非谓语动词。动词mean和Thangka之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词形式,故填meaning。
3.an 考查冠词。form是可数名词,此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且art是以元音音素开头的单词,故填an。
4.what 考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句,引导词在从句中作主语,指物,应用连接代词what引导,故填what。
5.when 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,先行词是780—848 AD,关系词在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词when引导,故填when。
6.integrated 考查时态。根据时间状语between the 14th and 15th century可知句子是描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,故填integrated。
7.is laid 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。over which…a cover是介词短语位于句首的完全倒装句,a cover是主语,主语与动词lay之间是被动关系,根据上文时态可知,空处也用一般现在时,故填is laid。
8.delicacy 考查名词。空处应填名词作of的宾语,delicacy“精美;脆弱”为不可数名词,故填delicacy。
9.to prevent 考查非谓语动词。结合句意可知,此处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语,故填to prevent。
10.Being kept 考查非谓语动词。空处应填动名词作主语,且keep和Thangkas之间是被动关系,应用动名词的被动式,故填Being kept。
Ⅲ.1.is used worldwide 2.make a good topic 3.was lowered into the flooded building 4.the rest were reviewing their lessons 5.is also the venue for outdoor concerts/ 第2讲 主谓一致/
● 单句填空
1.[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] Some of the things that Tang was writing about (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.
2.[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] In cold weather, the structure stays … to protect the plants.Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse
(walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road…
3.[2023·北京卷] Up to now, China (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
4.[2023·全国乙卷] The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
5.[2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] One of the biggest companies I wrote to (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
考点一 语法一致原则
语法一致就是谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。
句子以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。 To study English well is not easy. 学好英语并不容易。 What he said is very important for us all. 他所说的话对我们所有人而言是非常重要的。 Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。
主语后有with,together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, besides, including等连接的短语时,谓语动词的单复数由主语的单复数决定。 Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. 格林先生及其妻子和孩子已经来到中国。 Two students with the teacher were at the meeting. 两个学生和那位老师参加了会议。
在定语从句中,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 He is one of my friends who are working hard. 他是我努力工作的朋友中的一个。
在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。 Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。 On the wall are many pictures. 墙上有很多图画。
many a 和more than one加单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 Many a boy has made the same mistakes. 许多男孩犯了同样的错误。
【技法训练一】
1.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday (not decide) yet.
2.The teacher now together with the students (be) discussing Reading Skills that (be) newly published in America.
3.Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
4.Delete the short message at once! Many a man (cheat) by such tricks up to now.
考点二 意义一致原则
意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致(因主语有时形式为单数,但意义为复数;有时形式为复数,但意义为单数)。
表示时间、重量、长度、价值等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式, 这是由于作主语的复数名词在概念上是一个整体。 Ten dollars is enough for him. 十美元对他来说足够了。 Twenty years stands for a long period in one’s life. 在人的一生里二十年意味着一个很长的时期。
“the+形容词或分词等”作主语,表示某一类人时,谓语动词用复数形式。 The old are more likely to catch a cold than the young. 老年人比年轻人更容易感冒。
如果集体名词指的是整个集体,其谓语动词用单数形式;如果它指集体中的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。 [温馨提示] people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。 My family is a large one. 我家是一个大家庭。 The family are sitting at the breakfast table. 这家人正坐在早餐桌旁。 The police are looking for the lost child. 警方正在寻找那个丢失的孩子。
由“some/all/most/a lot/lots/plenty/the rest/the majority+of+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中of后面名词的数而定。 [温馨提示] a number of表示“许多”,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式;the number of表示“……的数量”,主语是number,谓语动词用单数形式。 Some of them were barefoot, and most were in rags. 他们当中有些人光着脚,大部分人衣衫褴褛。 The rest of the lecture is very wonderful. 讲座的其余部分非常精彩。 50%of the students in our class are girls. 我们班一半的学生都是女生。
【技法训练二】
1.The staff (be) friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some.
2.A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city (be) in favour of the proposal on health care reform.
3.The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and (remain) around that ever since.
4.Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
考点三 就近一致原则
在英语句子中,有时谓语动词的数与最邻近的主语保持一致。
(1)当两个主语由either…or, neither…nor, whether…or…, not only…but also连接时,谓语动词的数和邻近的主语一致。 (2)there be句型中be动词的单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语,则应与最近的那个主语保持一致。 Either you or Jane is to be sent to New Zealand. 要么你,要么简将被派往新西兰。 Neither the unkind words nor the unfriendly attitude has caused me any distress. 不友善的言语和不友好的态度都没有给我带来任何痛苦。 Not only he but also all his family are keen on concerts. 不仅是他,他全家人都很热衷于音乐会。
【技法训练三】
1.There (be) a great number of attractions in Tianjin, among which I like the Ancient Cultural Street best.
2.Not only his parents but also his elder brother (go) to the Summer Palace. They haven’t been back yet.
3.Either you or one of your students
(be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.All the scientific evidence (show) that the increasing use of chemicals in farming is damaging our health.
2.One third of the country (be) covered with trees and the majority of the citizens are black people.
3.It’s fun for amateurs to try, but to become good at it, not only years of practice but also natural talent (need).
4.The police (search) the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in the theatre.
5.If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll probably find a solution that (suit) everyone.
6.It’s reported that many a house (damage) by the typhoon, which struck the city last week.
7.Since last month, George, along with some of his former classmates, (desire) to have a 20-year gathering during this summer holiday.
8.All we need (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
9.Typically, with high-status and well-paid jobs (come) far more pressure than assumed.
10.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities (rise) steadily since 1997.
●Ⅱ 语法填空 [2024·山东潍坊高三三模]
Anyone visiting Xizang and exploring its culture would visit the temples to view the colourful and educational Tibetan Thangka (唐卡) paintings. They are traditionally painted on either cotton or silk, with 1. (loose) woven cotton being the most common. The paintings usually show religious scenes, as indicated by their name, Thangka, 2. (mean) “recorded message” in Tibetan.
The Tibetan Thangka is 3. art form that originated in Nepal and was brought to Xizang later. The Thangka paintings were developed over the centuries from the early murals (壁画) that can be seen in 4. is titled “Library Caves”, such as the Ajanta Caves in India and the Mogao Caves in China.
The Mogao Caves were previously a storage place of many Tibetan paintings on cloth, including the earliest surviving Thangka dated to be from around 780—848 AD 5. the region was under Tibetan rule. Historians note that between the 14th and 15th century, Tibetan paintings 6. (integrate) many elements from the Chinese murals.
The Thangka painting is not a flat creation but consists of a painted picture panel, over which a fabric is mounted, and then over which 7. (lay) a cover, usually silk. It is the nature of 8. (delicate) that makes Thangkas prefer dry places 9. (prevent) the quality of the silk from being affected by wetness. When they are not in use, they remain rolled up, with coverings on the back and front to protect the painting. 10. (keep) in this way helps Thangkas last for a very long time.
●Ⅲ 语法与写作—主谓一致在写作中的运用
1.[2024·全国甲卷书面表达] The shared bicycle, favoured for its convenience and low carbon, and has gained widespread popularity.
共享单车因其方便和低碳而受到青睐,在全球范围内被使用并受到了广泛的欢迎。
2.[2024·北京卷书面表达] Then, projects like the Belt and Road Initiative to discuss because it showcases China’s determination to build a shared future with the world.
然后,像 “一带一路” 倡议这样的项目是一个很好的讨论话题,因为它展示了中国与世界共同构建未来的决心。
3.Kris, along with rescue teams equipped with life jackets and ropes,
.
克里斯和配备救生衣和绳索的救援队,被下放到被水淹没的大楼里。
4.During the break, some students went to relax on the playground, but in the classroom.
课间休息时,一些学生去操场上放松,但其余的人在教室里复习功课。
5.This amusement park with all the exciting rides and other fun activities every summer.(venue)
这家游乐园有着所有令人兴奋的游乐设施和其他有趣的活动,它还是每年夏天室外音乐会的举办地。(共52张PPT)
/ 第2讲 主谓一致 /
高考链接
考点解读
实战演练
答案速查【听】
单句填空
1.［2024·新课标Ⅱ卷］Some of the things that Tang was writing
about ______(be) also Shakespeare's concerns. I happen to know
that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》) is similar in
some ways to Romeo and Juliet.
were
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。空处为本句谓语动词，根据句意
以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语some of the
things是复数，故填were。
2.［2024·新课标Ⅰ卷］In cold weather, the structure stays … to
protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the
greenhouse ______ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced
by the ancient Silk Road…
walks
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。walk sb through意为“带领某人
穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般
现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人
称单数形式。故填walks。
3.[2023·北京卷] Up to now, China _______________(establish) a
number of protected areas with mangroves.
has established
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。由up to now(到目前为止)可知,
句子应用现在完成时,主语是China,助动词应用has,故填has
established。
4.[2023·全国乙卷] The remarkable development of this city,
which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping
into the modern world, _______(mean) there is always something
new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for
the next 50 years.
means
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。空处为本句谓语动词,根据上下文
可知,本句时态为一般现在时;主语the remarkable development of
this city是单数,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
5.[2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] One of the biggest companies I wrote
to _____(be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
was
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。本句的主语是one of the biggest
companies,故谓语动词用单数形式。再根据wrote可知,此空用一般过
去时,故用was。
考点一 语法一致原则
语法一致就是谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。
句子以单数名词或代词、 动词不定式短语、动名词 短语或从句作主语时,谓语 动词一般用单数形式;主语 为复数时,谓语动词用复数 形式。 To study English well is not easy.
学好英语并不容易。
What he said isvery important for us all.
他所说的话对我们所有人而言是非常重要
的。
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。
主语后有with,together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, besides, including等连接 的短语时,谓语动词的单复 数由主语的单复数决定。 Mr Green, together with his wife and
children, has come to China.
格林先生及其妻子和孩子已经来到中国。
Two students with the teacher were at
the meeting.
两个学生和那位老师参加了会议。
续表
在定语从句中,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓 语动词的数应与句中先行词 的数一致。 He is one of my friends who
are working hard.
他是我努力工作的朋友中的一个。
续表
在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应 与其后的主语一致。 Here comes the bus.
公共汽车来了。
On the wall are many pictures.
墙上有很多图画。
many a 和more than one加 单数名词作主语时,谓语动词 用单数。 Many a boy has made the same
mistakes.
许多男孩犯了同样的错误。
续表
【技法训练一】
1.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday
______________________(not decide) yet.
has not been decided
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句子以“疑问词+动词不定
式短语”作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式,且根据yet 可知用现在完
成时,主语与谓语又为逻辑上的被动关系;when and where to go for
the on-salary holiday是一个整体,谓语用单数形式,故填has not
been decided。
2.The teacher now together with the students ___(be) discussing
Reading Skills that _____(be) newly published in America.
is
was
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。主语后有together with时,谓语动词的
单复数由主语的单复数决定, 句子主语为the teacher,且由时间状语
now可知,第一个空填is; 第二个空位于定语从句中,先行词为Reading
Skills,是一本书,为单数,且根据语境可知用一般过去时,故第二个空填
was。
3.Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming,
____________(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of
exercise.
is regarded
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据nowadays和语境可知,
此处应该用一般现在时的被动语态,由介词短语along with可知,谓语
动词的单复数应该与cycling保持一致,故填is regarded。
4.Delete the short message at once! Many a man ____________
_______(cheat) by such tricks up to now.
has been cheated
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。由up to now 可知用现在
完成时,且主语与cheat为被动关系,又由many a加单数名词作主语时
谓语动词用单数可知填has been cheated。
考点二 意义一致原则
意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致(因主语有时形式为单 数,但意义为复数;有时形式为复数,但意义为单数)。
表示时间、重量、长度、价值等 的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词通 常用单数形式, 这是由于作主语的 复数名词在概念上是一个整体。 Ten dollars is enough for him.
十美元对他来说足够了。
Twenty years stands for a long
period in one's life.
在人的一生里二十年意味着一个很长
的时期。
“the+形容词或分词等”作主语,表 示某一类人时,谓语动词用复数形 式。 The old are more likely to catch a
cold than the young.
老年人比年轻人更容易感冒。
续表
如果集体名词指的是整个集体,其 谓语动词用单数形式;如果它指集 体中的成员,其谓语动词就用复数 形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。 ［温馨提示］ people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。 My family is a large one.
我家是一个大家庭。
The family are sitting at the
breakfast table.
这家人正坐在早餐桌旁。
The police are looking for the lost
child.
警方正在寻找那个丢失的孩子。
续表
由“some/all/most/a lot/lots/ plenty/the rest/the majority+of+ 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中of后面名词的数而定。 ［温馨提示］ a number of表示 “许多”,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语 动词用复数形式;the number of表 示“……的数量”,主语是number,谓 语动词用单数形式。 Some of them were barefoot, and
most were in rags.
他们当中有些人光着脚,大部分人衣
衫褴褛。
The rest of the lecture is very
wonderful.
讲座的其余部分非常精彩。
50% of the students in our class
aregirls.
我们班一半的学生都是女生。
续表
【技法训练二】
1.The staff ___(be) friendly and helpful, providing you with a
map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you
require some.
is
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。集体名词 staff 在句子中强调的是整
体概念,谓语动词应用单数形式,由语境可知应用一般现在时,故填is。
2.A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-
aged in this city ______(be) in favour of the proposal on health
care reform.
were
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。“百分数+of+名词”的结构在句中作主
语时,谓语动词的数应该与 of 后面的名词的数保持一致, the
middle-aged 指一类人,表示复数概念,谓语动词应用复数形式,且本
句的时间状语是 last year,故填were。
3.The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s
and ______________(remain) around that ever since.
has remained
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。ever since作时间状语,句子用现在完
成时,the number of表示“……的数目”,作主语时,谓语动词应用第三
人称单数形式。故填has remained。
4.Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three
are declining, six ____(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine
lack enough data.
are
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。根据three are declining和six可知,此
处谓语用复数,时态为一般现在时,故填are。
考点三 就近一致原则
在英语句子中,有时谓语动词的数与最邻近的主语保持一致。
(1)当两个主语由either…or, neither…nor,whether…or…, not only…but also连接时, 谓语动词的数和邻近的主 语一致。 Either you or Jane is to be sent to New
Zealand.
要么你,要么简将被派往新西兰。
Neither the unkind words nor the
unfriendly attitude has caused me any
distress.
不友善的言语和不友好的态度都没有给我带
来任何痛苦。
(2)there be句型中be动词 的单复数取决于其后的主 语。如果其后是由and连接 的两个主语,则应与最近的 那个主语保持一致。 Not only he but also all his family are
keen on concerts.
不仅是他,他全家人都很热衷于音乐会。
续表
【技法训练三】
1.There ____(be) a great number of attractions in Tianjin, among
which I like the Ancient Cultural Street best.
are
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。 此句为there be 句型,there be句型
中be动词的单复数取决于主语,此句主语为复数名词,且根据后文可知
时态为一般现在时,故填are。
2.Not only his parents but also his elder brother __________(go)
to the Summer Palace. They haven't been back yet.
has gone
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。not only…but (also)…连接的并列成分
作主语时,谓语动词与but (also)后的成分在人称和数上保持一致;再结
合语境“They haven't been back yet.”可知用现在完成时。故填has
gone。
3.Either you or one of your students ___(be) to attend the
meeting that is due tomorrow.
is
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。either…or…“要么……要么……,或
者……或者……”连接并列主语时谓语动词遵循就近一致的原则,故谓
语动词的数应和one of your students保持一致,根据语境可知时态
为一般现在时,故填 is。
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.All the scientific evidence _______(show) that the increasing
use of chemicals in farming is damaging our health.
shows
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。主句的主语evidence在此处是不
可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式,且根据语境可知,时态为一般现在时。
故填shows。
2.One third of the country ___(be) covered with trees and the
majority of the citizens are black people.
is
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。由“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成
的短语作主语时,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中of后面名词的数而定,
故谓语动词应用单数形式,再根据are可知时态为一般现在时,故填is。
3.It's fun for amateurs to try, but to become good at it, not
only years of practice but also natural talent __________(need).
is needed
[解析] 考查动词语态和主谓一致。“not only…but also…”连接两个主
语时,谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则,故此处谓语动词应用单数形式,
且主语与动词need之间是被动关系。故填is needed。
4.The police _______________(search) the murderer everywhere
when he suddenly appeared in the theatre.
were searching
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句型sb be doing sth when…表
示“某人正在……这时……”,根据appeared可知主句用过去进行时,表
示过去正在进行的动作,police是集体名词,作主语表示“警方”时,谓语
动词用复数形式。故填were searching。
5.If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll probably find a
solution that ______(suit) everyone.
suits
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,定语从句在陈述事
实,用一般现在时,主语that指代先行词a solution,是第三人称单数,故
定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。故填suits。
6.It's reported that many a house ______________(damage) by
the typhoon, which struck the city last week.
was damaged
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语last week可
知,用一般过去时,且主语 many a house与damage之间为被动关系,
所以用被动语态,“many a+单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
故填was damaged。
7.Since last month, George, along with some of his former
classmates, ____________(desire) to have a 20-year gathering
during this summer holiday.
has desired
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since last month可
知,此处应用现在完成时。结合along with遵循就远原则可知,谓语动
词应与主语George保持人称和数的一致,George 为第三人称单数,故
填has desired。
8.All we need ___(be) a small piece of land where we can plant
various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of
the year.
is
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据a small piece of land可知
谓语动词用单数形式,又根据从句的时态可知空处应用一般现在时。
故填is。
9.Typically, with high-status and well-paid jobs _______(come)
far more pressure than assumed.
comes
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。此句是“介词短语+谓语+主语”型
的完全倒装句,pressure是主语,谓语动词应用单数,且句子陈述客观事
实,应使用一般现在时。故填comes。
10.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities
________________(rise) steadily since 1997.
has been rising
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。“the number of+复数名词”作主
语,谓语动词要用单数形式;由since 1997及语境可知,应用现在完成进
行时。故填has been rising。
Ⅱ 语法填空［2024·山东潍坊高三三模］
Anyone visiting Xizang and exploring its culture would visit
the temples to view the colourful and educational Tibetan
Thangka (唐卡) paintings. They are traditionally painted on either
cotton or silk, with 1.________(loose) woven cotton being the
most common. The paintings usually show religious scenes, as
indicated by their name, Thangka, 2._________(mean) “recorded
message” in Tibetan.
loosely
meaning
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
The Tibetan Thangka is 3.____ art form that originated in
Nepal and was brought to Xizang later. The Thangka paintings
were developed over the centuries from the early murals (壁画)
that can be seen in 4.______ is titled “Library Caves”, such as
the Ajanta Caves in India and the Mogao Caves in China.
an
what
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
The Mogao Caves were previously a storage place of many
Tibetan paintings on cloth, including the earliest surviving
Thangka dated to be from around 780—848 AD 5.______ the
region was under Tibetan rule. Historians note that between the
14th and 15th century, Tibetan paintings 6.___________(integrate)
many elements from the Chinese murals.
when
integrated
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
The Thangka painting is not a flat creation but consists of
a painted picture panel, over which a fabric is mounted, and
then over which 7._______(lay) a cover, usually silk. It is the
nature of 8._________(delicate) that makes Thangkas prefer dry
places 9.___________(prevent) the quality of the silk from being
affected by wetness. When they are not in use, they remain
rolled up, with coverings on the back and front to protect the
painting. 10.___________(keep) in this way helps Thangkas last
for a very long time.
is laid
delicacy
to prevent
Being kept
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西藏唐卡。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1.________
loosely
[解析] 考查副词。空处修饰woven，应用副词形式，故填loosely。
2._________
meaning
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。动词mean和Thangka之间是主谓关系，应
用现在分词形式，故填meaning。
3.____
an
[解析] 考查冠词。form是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，
且art是以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.______
what
[解析] 考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，
指物，应用连接代词what引导，故填what。
5.______
when
[解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词是780—848 AD，
关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导，故填when。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6.___________
integrated
[解析] 考查时态。根据时间状语between the 14th and 15th
century可知句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填
integrated。
7._______
is laid
[解析] 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。over which…a cover是介词短
语位于句首的完全倒装句，a cover是主语，主语与动词lay之间是被
动关系，根据上文时态可知，空处也用一般现在时，故填is laid。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8._________
delicacy
[解析] 考查名词。空处应填名词作of的宾语，delicacy“精美；脆弱”
为不可数名词，故填delicacy。
9.___________
to prevent
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词
不定式作目的状语，故填to prevent。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10.___________
Being kept
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处应填动名词作主语，且keep和
Thangkas之间是被动关系，应用动名词的被动式，故填Being kept。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅲ 语法与写作—主谓一致在写作中的运用
1.[2024·全国甲卷书面表达] The shared bicycle, favoured for its
convenience and low carbon, __________________ and has
gained widespread popularity.
共享单车因其方便和低碳而受到青睐，在全球范围内被使用并受到
了广泛的欢迎。
is used worldwide
2.[2024·北京卷书面表达] Then, projects like the Belt and Road
Initiative ___________________ to discuss because it showcases
China's determination to build a shared future with the world.
然后，像 “一带一路” 倡议这样的项目是一个很好的讨论话题，因为
它展示了中国与世界共同构建未来的决心。
make a good topic
3.Kris, along with rescue teams equipped with life jackets and
ropes,_____________________________________.
克里斯和配备救生衣和绳索的救援队，被下放到被水淹没的大楼里。
was lowered into the flooded building
4.During the break, some students went to relax on the
playground, but ___________________________________ in the
classroom.
课间休息时,一些学生去操场上放松,但其余的人在教室里复习功课。
the rest were reviewing their lessons
5.This amusement park with all the exciting rides and other fun
activities _____________________________________ every
summer.(venue)
这家游乐园有着所有令人兴奋的游乐设施和其他有趣的活动,它还是
每年夏天室外音乐会的举办地。
is also the venue for outdoor concerts
听课手册
语法专题 词法和句法
专题一 复杂多变的动词
/ 第2讲 主谓一致 /
高考链接
单句填空
1.were 2.walks 3.has established 4.means 5.was
考点解读
【技法训练一】
1.has not been decided 2.is;was 3.is regarded
4.has been cheated
【技法训练二】
1.is 2.were 3.has remained 4.are
【技法训练三】
1.are 2.has gone 3.is
实战演练
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.shows 2.is 3.is needed 4.were searching 5.suits 6.was
damaged 7.has desired 8.is 9.comes 10.has been rising
Ⅱ 语法填空
1.loosely 2.meaning 3.an 4.what 5.when 6.integrated
7. is laid 8.delicacy 9.to prevent 10.Being kept
Ⅲ 语法与写作—主谓一致在写作中的运用
1.is used worldwide 2.make a good topic 3.was lowered
into the flooded building 4.the rest were reviewing their
lessons 5.is also the venue for outdoor concerts
