Unit 1　Back to school 各课时同步练习（含答案）

Unit 1　Back to school
Section 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
Ⅰ. 话题拓展阅读。
When my son finally started school around the age of four, I felt as though I'd been promoted to the new position of School Parent.① It was an unexpectedly challenging role, one without additional benefits, or a raise for that matter.
As a direct result of starting school, there were the surprisingly unpleasant changes to our schedule. As parents, we were ill prepared for the troubled time we had trying to get used to the practice of school.
Gone were the carefree days without plans and with plenty of time to kill.② This included playing imaginary games indoors or hanging around outside whenever the weather turned nice. Getting to school on time meant becoming the “hot_mess” mum often seen in movies. I was rushing my son out the door, forgetting lunch boxes and losing car keys.
As a huge morning person, I tried my best to ensure that school mornings remained calm and slow paced. I prepared as much as possible the night before. But it still felt like we were in a rush, which I really hated.
The trick, I later discovered, was to cover up my feeling of anxiety. I chanted to myself “Do not rush him; no one likes to be rushed” while helping him get through his morning routine and tasks in a timely manner. Whatever frustration(沮丧) I felt about how slow he was moving, I wouldn't let him know it.③ I didn't even allow anyone in our house to say phrases like, “Hurry up! We're going to be late！” Our common goal was not just to get my son out the door in time for school, but more importantly, to prove that mornings can be relaxed and enjoyable, rather than a horrible start to the day.
Of course by the time summer holiday came, our family had grown wise enough. In what felt like the “longest shortest time”， we went from being anxious and confused to being calm and confident once again.④ We were far more prepared to have a smoother start to the new school year.
一、 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(　　) 1. What do we know about the author from the first paragraph
A. She liked her new position. B. She got a promotion at work.
C. She made good preparations. D. She had to face the challenge.
(　　) 2. Which word is similar in meaning to the underlined words “hot mess” in Paragraph 3
A. Disorganized. B. Busy.
C. Confident. D. Irresponsible.
(　　) 3. What did the author do when her son was slow on school mornings
A. She sang a song. B. She pushed him hard.
C. She hid her feelings. D. She complained a lot.
(　　) 4. What is the text mainly about
A. Growth of kids. B. Experience as a school parent.
C. New life in school. D. Advice on lifestyle change.
二、 分析文中加序号句子的结构，在原句上标出基本成分，然后试着在下面横线上写出译文。
①译文：_________________________________________________________
②译文：__________________________________________________________
③译文：__________________________________________________________
④译文：__________________________________________________________
Ⅱ. 七选五。[2025盐城五校联考]
How to Take Notes from a Textbook
Be selective
You should not write down every piece of information in the book. __1__. Finding the right balance of writing enough but not too much can be a challenge, but it is the key to taking effective notes.
Paraphrase(释义) information from the text
__2__. Paraphrasing information usually shows that you really understand what you read. It will likely be more meaningful to you later when you are reviewing your notes if you have written them in your own words.
__3__
Your notes may take on the form of a chart. You might draw yourself a timeline of events so that you can see the order that things happened and not just a list of events. The notes are your study aid, so it's best to write them in a way that makes sense to you.
Organize your notes in a meaningful way
Depending on the subject, you may want to organize your notes in a particular way. History notes may be most logically taken in time order. Science notes, however, may need to be taken in a particular order that shows mastery of one concept before moving on to the next. __4__．
Add visual elements if it helps you
Visual learners are often helped by visual representations in their own notes. __5__. You may want to draw a simple comic strip(连环画) to show a specific event or relationships between people. Don't let adding visual elements distract you from the task at hand, but add visuals if it will help you remember the material more effectively.
A. Use tools to aid your understanding
B. Use a format(格式) that works for you
C. You should write your notes in your own words
D. Before you begin reading or taking notes, preview the chapter
E. Nor should you write down one fact per page, or you might end up wasting precious time
F. You might want to write down a copy of a graph(图表) instead of writing information about it
G. It's also a good idea to separate your notes in different folders(文件夹) for each class, so they don't get mixed up.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______
Ⅲ. 完形填空。[2025临沂郯城一中期末]
When you're at high school, the littlest things can feel like a pretty big deal. Say, missing a deadline, or failing an exam.
Enter my mum, with her words of __1__： “You don't want to peak at high school.” I was 13 when she first said it, and I thought she wasn't well. Of course you want to peak at high school! You want to be the __2__ kid in your class, make friends with everyone, and be really good at a sport. By this logic, every year of high school is supposed to be better than the last until you eventually __3__ in year 12.
Every time I had a meltdown, Mum would __4__ her advice. Sometimes it was accompanied by “none of this is going to mean anything to you in ten years' time”. I am uncertain when her words __5__ for me, but they had by the time I got to year 12. I think what Mum was trying to say was that there's no fun in having everything __6__ at high school. It's a mess, but it's meant to be. Once you're out of high school, you will see the world and __7__ just how small you are in it. Those little but huge things become __8__ things. They really do mean nothing ten years later.
In all, those years of high school are just a __9__ stone to the rest of your life. If you peak at that __10__， how can you go forward
Mum's advice still __11__ 28 year old me when things are __12__. I no longer look at life as an everlasting __13__ up to a certain point at which I have “made it”. There's no summit. __14__， there are a series of peaks, drops and plateaus(平台期). Mum's advice now serves to remind me that there are always __15__ days ahead.
(　　) 1. A. warning B. wisdom C. blessing D. humour
(　　) 2. A. best trained B. best dressed C. best looking D. best performing
(　　) 3. A. land B. win C. peak D. improve
(　　) 4. A. seek B. repeat C. follow D. explain
(　　) 5. A. clicked B. stayed C. came D. changed
(　　) 6. A. taken over B. sped up C. mixed up D. sorted out
(　　) 7. A. complain B. wonder C. realize D. worry
(　　) 8. A. vital B. little C. special D. boring
(　　) 9. A. stepping B. rolling C. precious D. decorative
(　　)10. A. rate B. site C. point D. level
(　　)11. A. confuses B. protects C. burdens D. guides
(　　)12. A. fine B. normal C. tough D. different
(　　)13. A. hike B. puzzle C. match D. exploration
(　　)14. A. Thus B. Rather C. Luckily D. Naturally
(　　)15. A. better B. simpler C. calmer D. newer
Section 2　Language focus on Reading
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. Education and training is the key that will unlock our nation's _______ (潜力).
2. He went up the garden _______ (小路) to knock on the door.
3. The new government's first _______ (挑战) is the economy.
4. We all wish for our kids to get a _______ (全面发展的) and complete education.
5. It was one of the most _______ (令人大为惊奇的) films I've ever seen.
6. What educational _______(设施) are now available
7. His (态度) made me angry.
8. Water is becoming an increasingly precious r__________．
9. The film demands attention, and has no e__________ in cinema history.
10. One will fall behind the times if he does not a__________ new knowledge.
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
A[2025无锡辅仁高级中学月考]
When Emanuel received an email from Professor Richard English, Queen's Pro Vice Chancellor at the School of History, Anthropology, Philosophy and Politics, encouraging him to apply for a PhD in Politics in Belfast, it was a pinch me moment Emanuel never thought would be possible. After all, just a few short years ago, he was living on the streets, couch surfing at friends' houses and weeding gardens to make ends meet. Now, one of the world's leading political academics was preparing to welcome him to Queen's University over 4，000 miles away.
Emanuel never knew who his father was and his mum was mentally ill when she gave birth to him, so the hospital took him off her and he was unofficially adopted for the first few years of his life. What followed was a childhood with uncertainty as Emanuel was passed between the adoption system and family members.
Through his high school and community college years, he moved from house to house, living with friends at times and living on the streets at others.
Determined to change all that despite his rocky start in life, Emanuel involved himself in school—doing everything he could to earn extra tuition money in his spare time. But getting accepted into university was hardly possible because a person like him couldn't get a regular student loan.
Fortunately, the government backed him, having created a policy allowing disadvantaged persons to access funding for higher education. He graduated from the University of the West Indies with a 1st Class Honours degree and went on to do his Masters.
Emanuel knows that his story could have been very different. “I discovered Professor Richard English online and sent him an email honestly, not thinking he would reply, and to my surprise, he did. I applied for the highly competitive Commonwealth Shared Scholarship Scheme in order to fund my research at Queen's. When I was told I was successful, my whole world changed.”
(　　) 1. What does the underlined word “pinch me” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Irreplaceable. B. Unbelievable. C. Desirable. D. Preferable.
(　　) 2. What happened to Emanuel in his childhood
A. He was sometimes cared for by relatives.
B. He was abandoned by his sick mother.
C. His unknown father was mentally ill.
D. He lived with his friends now and then.
(　　) 3. How did Emanuel afford his university education
A. By receiving a regular student loan.
B. By earning the tuition all by himself.
C. By borrowing the money from friends.
D. By benefiting from government policy.
(　　) 4. What can we learn from Emanuel's story
A. Well begun is half done. B. It's never too old to learn.
C. You are the master of your life. D. Lost time is never found again.
B[2024长沙雨花期末]
High school, for most teenagers, is a space where new adventures and challenges begin. I clearly remember my first day of high school. As I entered the school gate, I was greeted by a crowd of students. The hallways were filled with talking and laughter. It was a lot to handle, and I felt like a tiny fish in a vast ocean. I held my schedule tightly, trying to find the right classroom. My heart raced as I was scared of getting lost.
My first class was English, and as I walked in, I spotted familiar faces from my previous school. I breathed a sigh of relief as I took my seat, surrounded by friendly smiles. My English teacher, Mrs Johnson, introduced herself and made everyone feel comfortable. She explained what we would be studying during the semester and encouraged us to share our thoughts and ideas. The next class was mathematics, which happened to be my weakest subject. I felt a tight feeling in my stomach as I entered the classroom, but my maths teacher, Mr Smith, turned out to be very patient. He promised us that we would learn and improve together. His words of support made me feel more relaxed, and I began to believe that I could overcome my maths struggles.
During lunchtime, I sat with a group of students who quickly became my friends. We shared stories and talked about our expectations for high school. It was during this time that I realized that high school wasn't just about academics(学术); it was also about building friendships and making lasting memories.
The rest of the day flew by with a variety of classes, faces, and experiences. My first day of high school was filled with moments of anxiety, joy, and the promise of new beginnings.
(　　) 5. Why did the author feel like a tiny fish in a vast ocean at first
A. Because of excitement and curiosity.
B. Because of the school's welcoming atmosphere.
C. Because of the fear of an unfamiliar environment.
D. Because of good preparations for the new school.
(　　) 6. Which words can best describe the English teacher
A. Outgoing and friendly. B. Generous and powerful.
C. Responsible and patient. D. Encouraging and supportive.
(　　) 7. How did the author feel when entering the maths class
A. Excited. B. Anxious. C. Relaxed. D. Confident.
(　　) 8. What did the author realize during lunchtime
A. High school only focused on academics.
B. High school was an extremely challenging place.
C. High school was full of old friends and classmates.
D. High school was also about wonderful social experiences.
Ⅲ. 语法填空。[2025四川安宁河高中振兴联盟期中]
As a teenager, I often heard people say, “High school is the best years of life！” So I looked forward to 1. _______ (begin) a new life as a freshman. And indeed, I had a precious journey.
2. _______ (actual), there were really too many unforgettable moments in those years. Whether they were bad moments or amazing ones, all of them left a deep impression 3. _______ me.
During those years, I liked to volunteer and take part in debate actively. I worked hard and never 4. _______ (give) up in the face of challenges. And it was at that time that I met my best friend Ann, 5. _______ unique and lovely girl. Just like me, she was also active, 6. _______ (help) and curious to explore everything on campus. She would help me whenever I was in trouble and would give me 7. _______ (confident) whenever I lost heart. She was the best friend in my youth.
Other than volunteer work, I also liked sporting events, 8. _______ were the most exciting parts of the high school life. On sports days, all the students would show up 9. _______ (cheer) for their sports teams. All the shouts, cheers and sighs 10. _______ (bring) into one place. What a happy sight!
I really miss my high school life.
Ⅳ. 连句成文：逐句翻译下列句子，然后增加适当的过渡词语，把它们连成一篇小短文。
1. 高中是个充满挑战的世界，但机会也在其中。(full of; lie in)
2. 我相信自己有能力迎接挑战并做出改变。(rise to)
3. 我将利用学校的资源来发挥自己的潜能。(take advantage of)
4. 同样重要的还有好的学习习惯和积极的心态。(of equal importance)
5. 哪怕在困境中我也要看到光明的一面。(look on)
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Section 3　Grammar and usage
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. Please focus your minds _______ the following problem.
2. As _______ result of the heavy rain, the football match was put off.
3. We like to see the films _______ (base) on real facts.
4. The lovely photos will remind me _______ the days when we were young.
5. Stick _______ the task until it is finished.
6. Do you have any _______ (tip) on buying a second hand car
7. Now let us examine this idea _______ greater detail.
8. To our great joy, his words _______ (come) true in the end.
Ⅱ. 指出下列句子分别属于哪一种基本句型。
A. 主语＋谓语(SV)
B. 主语＋连系动词＋表语(SVP)
C. 主语＋谓语＋宾语(SVO)
D. 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(SVOO)
E. 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补语(SVOC)
F. 主语＋谓语＋状语(SVA)
G. 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(SVOA)
H. 存现句——there be句型
1. She ordered herself a new dress. _______
2. What he said does not matter. _______
3. Our well has gone dry. _______
4. He noticed a man enter the room. _______
5. The teacher came in, holding a book in his hand. _______
6. The man, my neighbour, never rides a bike. _______
7. There used to be a cinema here before the war. _______
8. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. _______
Ⅲ. 阅读理解。
A[2025盐城八校期末联考]
When 12 year old Nina Mones was in sixth grade, she struggled to keep up with her math class. And as the teacher pushed ahead with new lessons, she fell further and further behind. Then in the fall of 2019, her school, the Phoenix International Academy, brought in Teach to One 360. “I'm in seventh grade now，” Nina proudly said. “It gave me more confidence in myself.”
“This is a model for personalized learning，” said Sheldon H. Jacobson, professor of computer science at the University of Illinois Urbana Champaign. Teach to One 360, and similar systems, often use data analytics(分析学) to follow students' progress, find out their strengths and weaknesses, and adjust teaching methods accordingly. This not only helps students achieve their learning goals more effectively but also encourages a more interactive learning environment.
Until 2020, 27 schools across 11 states have adopted Teach to One 360. Still, getting schools to sign on to the program has been a challenge. Some teachers are unwilling to try new teaching methods, while others worry that these new forms of technology could perhaps lead to the elimination of their jobs. Schools are often under pressure to follow a traditional curriculum(课程) with textbooks and teacher led classes to ensure that they cover the content needed for standardized tests. Many worry that turning away from traditional practices could affect test results, which would then affect school rankings and the funding these schools receive.
There is also the cost of purchasing the program—buying computers for students, adding math teachers, and reconstructing classrooms to meet the requirements of different teaching methods. The total costs involved with such programs can vary dramatically, with most school systems having to depend on grants(拨款) in order to cover them.
“You can have the best program in the world, but if you don't have good operation of it, it's all for nothing，” said Alfred Córdova, the principal at Taos Middle School.
(　　) 1. The example of Nina Mones is mentioned in the first paragraph to ________．
A. promote an app
B. introduce the topic
C. express an opinion
D. show a difficult situation
(　　) 2. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. How the program works.
B. Why the program appeals to students.
C. Why the program could change the role of school.
D. How the program will help reduce students' burdens.
(　　) 3. Which is one of the challenges schools face when adopting Teach to One 360
A. Teachers are eager to try new teaching methods.
B. Schools have plenty of funding to support the program.
C. Traditional textbooks and teacher led classes are no longer required.
D. Some teachers are unwilling to change and worry about job security.
(　　) 4. What is Alfred Córdova's attitude toward the future of personalized learning
A. Hopeful. B. Uncertain.
C. Negative. D. Concerned.
B
ChatGPT, a chatbot model developed by US based AI research laboratory OpenAI, has quickly become a hit globally due to its advanced conversational capabilities.
It can write emails, computer codes, even academic papers and poems, and has passed a number of tests within seconds. Academicians worldwide are discussing whether AI should be used in education. Some universities have banned it. The New York City's Department of Education, for example, banned the chatbot from its public school devices and networks, with some people warning that it could encourage more students to cheat, especially in exams.
Many more welcome this app, claiming that, like most technological advances and groundbreaking innovations in history, ChatGPT is a powerful tool for the development of higher education.
Embracing AI as early as possible is advisable. Higher education institutions should make preparations for including AI in their syllabus(教学大纲). They can start by offering related courses, because by understanding how it works, students can make better use of it. Besides, students with good knowledge of AI are more competitive when it comes to getting a good job, as an increasing number of jobs are being done by computer programmes—some in cooperation with humans. AI powered education technologies can be adopted to make the learning experience more suitable for each student based on his or her strengths and weaknesses. As for professors, AI can free them from doing some dull tasks so they can concentrate on teaching and interacting with students.
Since we cannot avoid ChatGPT and other AI powered applications entering the field of higher education, we should make collective efforts to ensure they have a positive impact on society and the future of education. Despite AI helping make learning much more interesting and enjoyable, humans need to work very hard to win the race with technology.
(　　) 5. Why do some higher education institutions forbid ChatGPT
A. ChatGPT can write emails and computer codes quickly.
B. Some professors might not perform their duties properly.
C. Students would have conversations with each other via it.
D. Students might seek help from it in completing the exams.
(　　) 6. What is the author's attitude towards AI applications in education
A. Fearful.
B. Disapproving.
C. Supportive.
D. Uncertain.
(　　) 7. How can AI benefit students of higher education
A. It offers students an increasing number of jobs.
B. It personalizes students' learning experience.
C. It equips students with competitive skills to cooperate with humans.
D. It handles uninteresting tasks so students can better focus on learning.
(　　) 8. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. We should guard against AI apps.
B. AI will be more widely used in education.
C. The future of education relies on AI apps.
D. Humans will be left behind by technology.
Ⅳ. 语法填空。[2025南京外国语学校期中]
The Mid Autumn Festival, celebrated on the 15th day of the eighth month in the Chinese lunar calendar, is 1. _______ time for family and friends to reunite. As a famous Chinese poem goes, “The dew is whiter from tonight; the moon is 2. ______ (bright) in my hometown.” Since ancient times, people in China 3. _______ (gather) under the bright, full moon to enjoy mooncakes together, while those far away would gaze at the same moon, wishing for future reunions.
On September 13, 2024, four days before this year's Mid Autumn Festival, a group of journalists, international students and influencers(网红) met in Beijing to celebrate the conclusion of the second 4. _______ (train) workshop for we media influencers from Latin American and Caribbean(LAC) countries. The annual workshop aims to promote friendship between participants 5. _______ enhance mutual understanding between China and LAC countries. This year, it invited influencers 6. _______ 23 LAC countries to tour China, visiting places including Beijing, Hunan, Fujian and Shandong Provinces.
The most popular stall(摊位) was one 7. _______ visitors could experience huadian, a form of traditional Chinese facial 8. _______ (decorate), literally meaning “floral ornamental emblems”. 9. _______ (date) back to written records from the Tang Dynasty (618 907), huadian was popular nationwide hundreds of years ago. Classic designs include jasmines, cherry blossoms, lotus, peonies and plum blossoms, often 10. _______ (paint) in red, green and yellow pigments(颜料).
Section 4　Integrated skills
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. All those in favour of the _______ (提议), raise your hands, please!
2. Please take this tool with you to the _______ (车间).
3. Talks _______ (目的是) at producing a new world trade treaty have been under way for six years.
4. If you can't _______ (签署) your name, make a cross instead.
5. The _______ (材料) are soft and comfortable to wear.
6. Our campaign's main _______ (目的) is to raise money.
7. Our children's different needs and learning _______ (方式) created many problems.
8. The artist combines different _______ (技巧) in the same painting.
9. I would like to make a _______ (海报) about smoking.
10. This is the most dangerous _______ (职业的) sport.
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
A[2025云南师范大学附属镇雄中学教研联盟联考]
At the middle school level, there are many academic clubs which students can participate in. Students can choose clubs that focus on an area of interest.
Mathcounts Club
Mathcounts tries to increase excitement towards mathematic achievement. It hopes to provide students with the foundation for success in science, technology, engineering and mathematics careers. Schools select individuals and teams to participate in competitions. Local competitions are held in February with winners progressing to state competitions and then onto the national level.
Envirothon
The Envirothon program focuses on natural resources knowledge. The ecology field competition for five member middle school teams offers competitions in wildlife, soils, forestry, and current environmental issues. Students work and learn in middle school clubs and can compete at the local and state level.
Future Problem Solvers
Future Problem Solvers is an academic club that uses a six step process to solve problems that may happen in the future. Students who are in the talented and gifted program, who like to “think out of the box”， or who enjoy thinking about futuristic problems may like this club. Teams that score high enough can go to the state competition and then to the international competition.
Builders Club
Builders Club is open to any middle school student who wishes to perform community service. The members learn by doing, and they learn organization, teamwork, and leadership. Builders Club can provide a recycling collection point, organize canned food and clothing collection activities to support local shelters, and adopt residents at local senior citizen homes, etc.
(　　) 1. What is the main reason students choose to join Mathcounts Club
A. To study wildlife and soils.
B. To perform community service.
C. To enjoy solving future problems.
D. To prepare for science and math careers.
(　　) 2. Which student would prefer to participate in Builders Club
A. A student who is interested in competitions.
B. A student who is devoted to voluntary jobs.
C. A student who tends to solve problems creatively.
D. A student who focuses more on the environmental protection.
(　　) 3. What is the purpose of the text
A. To introduce some clubs to students.
B. To compare the four clubs for students.
C. To attract students to take part in the clubs.
D. To help the clubs choose talented members.
B[2025渭南尚德中学月考]
You may not know a lot of people when you start senior high school. Maybe your friends from junior high school are going to a different senior high school. Even if you know other freshmen, you still feel anxious that you don't know any upperclassmen. How are you going to make friends among this sea of unknown faces
Most senior high schools hold the freshman orientation(迎新会) before school actually starts. It is helpful because you not only learn your way around the building but also get to meet some of your teachers and fellow freshmen. That way, when you show up on your first day of school, you may already recognize a few familiar faces.
When you talk to people at orientation, you'll probably find that a lot of them are feeling just like you are. They're all new to the school and don't know what to expect. Talking about a common concern with your classmates can help you develop friendships.
The work in senior high school is something freshmen are probably worried about. It builds on what you learned in junior high school, giving you a more advanced(高深的) knowledge of many subjects. So you may find you have more work to do or that it's a bit more challenging. If you ever find your work too difficult, teachers can give you extra help.
Senior high school also has more after school activities than junior high school, such as clubs, music and theater groups and sports teams. This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.
Junior high school taught you the basics of time management and social skills while providing you with a little extra support and guidance. Senior high school gives you the chance to learn how to be more independent and responsible.
(　　) 4. How do the freshmen usually feel on their first day of senior high school
A. Proud. B. Nervous.
C. Excited. D. Curious.
(　　) 5. What are freshmen probably worried about
A. The learning task.
B. The ability to make friends.
C. The freshman orientation.
D. The relationship with teachers.
(　　) 6. What do after school activities mainly help students to do
A. Develop friendships.
B. Develop their interests.
C. Build up their strength.
D. Improve their learning ability.
(　　) 7. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. What you'll learn in senior high school.
B. What you learned in junior high school.
C. The difference between junior high school and senior high school.
D. The importance of being more independent and responsible.
Ⅲ. 七选五。
Calm Your Inner Voice
Have you ever heard a voice inside your head that talks to you and helps you make decisions and remember things This is your inner voice. __1__ Your inner voice can be helpful but sometimes it's unkind and says you can't do something or that there's no point in trying. Psychologist and author Ethan Kross calls this “chatter” and says it is connected to how you feel about yourself. Here are two ways to calm your inner voice.
Try to develop a kind inner voice
When your inner voice is kind and supportive, you feel good about yourself. Sometimes, you may feel worried about joining a new club or taking a maths test. __2__ Kross says when this happens you can work out problems more easily and feel positive. Sometimes, though, especially if you're stressed, a different voice cuts in. It might say you won't make friends or tell you you're hopeless at maths. Listening to chatter like this can make you unhappy and stop you believing in yourself. __3__
Change the conversation
“Start by being aware of what your inner voice is saying，” says Kross. “You probably don't realize how often you say negative things in your head，” he explains. __4__ Maybe it is when you're nervous or trying something new. Then switch to kinder words instead. Kross recommends making a clear difference between you and your chatter. __5__ Use your name and say things like, “This is hard but you can do it.” It helps you stand back and see something as a challenge to overcome instead of feeling like you want to give up.
A. Then you may turn to a close friend for help.
B. It's like having a private conversation in your mind.
C. The good news is that you can change the conversation.
D. Listen for the time when your negative inner voice is loud.
E. Then you can use it to encourage yourself as a friend would.
F. The positive things we say to ourselves are far from enough.
G. So, when stressed, talk to yourself as if you're another person.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______
Ⅳ. 应用文写作。[2025湖湘教育联盟期中]
假定你是李华，你校准备面向高一学生创办一个俱乐部，就此征求学生建议。请你向校长提出自己的规划，内容包括：
1. 俱乐部的名称和创建目的；
2. 俱乐部的活动内容；
3. 表达希望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Headmaster，
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Section 5　Extended reading & Project
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. She had a pretty _______ (艰难的) childhood.
2. In the first place you are not old and in the second place you are a very _______ (有魅力的) man.
3. _______ (不幸地), his good intentions never seemed to last long.
4. Immigrants have _______ (贡献) to British culture in many ways.
5. The mistake is to consider this as an _______ (可选择的) activity.
6. Who will play (东道主) to the next Olympic Games
7. The scientific study of the life and structure of plants and animals is called b__________．
8. C__________ is the art of producing beautiful handwriting using a brush or a special pen.
9. R__________ is a game played by two teams using an oval ball.
10. A p__________ is a cooked sweet food made with flour, fat and eggs, and usually served hot.
Ⅱ. 完形填空。[2025扬大附中月考]
I was a little nervous when I was walking into my first school in America. I had travelled a long way from India to America in order to __1__ my mother who had been here for three years. She thought American education would help my __2__．
I was afraid about __3__ I would manage. I didn't know anybody in my class. On the first day, I went to my second class because I had __4__ my first. I knocked on the door and opened it __5__. Everyone's eyes were __6__ me as I entered the room. Without paying attention to them, I went __7__ to the teacher and asked if this was the right class. And he answered, “Yes.” He gave me a piece of paper called Course Introduction. Then he asked me to choose __8__ I wanted to sit. I chose the seat closest to the door. __9__ I didn't want to pick a seat. In India we had assigned(指定的) seats, so I never needed to __10__ about that.
I spent the rest of the class taking __11__ from the screen at the front of the classroom. In Indian schools teachers didn't use __12__. We had to take notes as the teacher spoke.
School ended at 2：30 p．m. It was much __13__ than in India.
After a day of school life I found the teachers in America had a fun way of __14__ difficult things much easier. The teachers in India were __15__ in the way they said things. I was thinking that my first day wasn't so bad.
(　　) 1. A. join B. share C. take D. visit
(　　) 2. A. feeling B. future C. health D. trouble
(　　) 3. A. why B. that C. when D. how
(　　) 4. A. trained B. allowed C. missed D. started
(　　) 5. A. angrily B. slowly C. closely D. completely
(　　) 6. A. on B. from C. for D. against
(　　) 7. A. ready B. away C. straight D. close
(　　) 8. A. who B. when C. where D. whether
(　　) 9. A. Mostly B. Actually C. Luckily D. Certainly
(　　)10. A. worry B. know C. search D. copy
(　　)11. A. pictures B. notes C. marks D. signs
(　　)12. A. pens B. computers C. words D. cameras
(　　)13. A. earlier B. quicker C. later D. stronger
(　　)14. A. making B. giving C. sending D. driving
(　　)15. A. cleverer B. kinder C. stranger D. stricter
Ⅲ. 语法填空。[2025扬州大学附属中学期中]
China recently issued 1. _______ new notice on strengthening correct Chinese handwriting education across primary and secondary schools, in an effort to promote the 2. _______ (country) cultural heritage(文化遗产), the Ministry of Education said.
The notice on strengthening standard Chinese character writing education focuses 3. _______ improving handwriting skills and combining these 4. _______(practice) with the school curriculum(课程).
It aims 5. _______ (teach) correct writing posture(姿势), develop habits for good handwriting and enable students to write Chinese characters 6. _______ (correct). A key goal is to help students appreciate the historical and cultural value rooted in Chinese characters.
Eight key goals have been included in the notice, such as 7. _______ (develop) good writing habits to support eye health and improving the quality of writing. Students 8. _______ (encourage) to participate in Chinese classics reading and national art exhibitions, combining in class with after class activities to enhance writing education. It is also important 9. _______ (use) digital tools to support handwriting education and involve it in the evaluation system.
Local education departments should recognize the 10. _______ (important) of handwriting education and ensure schools meet requirements for desks and lighting.
Ⅳ. 读后续写。[2024泰州期末]
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sarah was never a morning person. The alarm ringing at 6：30 a．m. was her daily terrible sound. But one thing made the horrible early hours acceptable—the comforting pleasant smell of fresh coffee moving through the air. Her favourite coffee shop was just a few minutes from her apartment, and it became her morning call.
One sunny morning, after turning off the alarm clock, Sarah rushed to get dressed. She was going to have an important presentation at work, and she needed the caffeine(咖啡因) more than ever. She grabbed her keys, rushed out of the door, and made her way to the familiar coffee shop.
As she joined the line of cars in front of the coffee shop, Sarah couldn't help but feel the familiar rush of expectation. The smell of roasted coffee beans and the thought of that first drink were her little daily enjoyment.
The line moved slowly forward, and soon, Sarah found herself near the window. She reached for her wallet to pay, but before she could hand over her bank card, the waiter smiled and said, “Your coffee has been covered by the car ahead of you.”
Sarah was confused. “Really？” she asked, both surprised and thankful.
The waiter nodded. “Yes, the woman in the car ahead wanted to pay it forward today. Enjoy your coffee！”
With a warm smile, Sarah took the free coffee. The unexpected act of kindness put a smile on her face, making her presentation feel a little less frightening. Before she drove away, Sarah, in her outside back mirror, saw a car approaching from behind.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Suddenly she decided to do something and brighten someone else's morning. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The continuous chain of kindness attracted social media and inspired other communities.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 1　Back to school
Section 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
Ⅰ. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了随着儿子步入学校，作者也晋升为一名学生家长，生活管理和时间安排都遇到了不小的挑战，且描述了作者作为学生家长的一段经历和心路历程。
一、 1—4 DACB
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“It was an unexpectedly challenging role, one without additional benefits, or a raise for that matter.”可知，作者不得不面对挑战。
2. 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“I was rushing my son out the door, forgetting lunch boxes and losing car keys.”可知，作者为了让孩子按时到校，经常手忙脚乱、丢三落四，早上的情况比较混乱，所以画线词意为“一团糟，杂乱无章的”，与A项意义一致。
3. 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Whatever frustration I felt about how slow he was moving, I wouldn't let him know it.”可知，当儿子在上学的早上动作缓慢时，作者会隐藏自己的情绪，不让他知道。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“When my son finally started school around the age of four, I felt as though I'd been promoted to the new position of School Parent.”及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者作为一名学生家长的经历。
二、 ①【分析】本句是主从复合句。When my son finally started school around the age of four是时间状语从句；as though I'd been promoted to the new position of School Parent是表语从句。
【译文】当我的儿子终于在四岁左右开始上学时，我觉得自己好像被提升至学生家长的新职位。
②【分析】本句是简单句。这是倒装句，正常的语序应该是The carefree days without plans and with plenty of time to kill were gone.
【译文】那些无忧无虑的日子一去不复返了，那时无需制定计划，也有大把时间可以消磨。
③【分析】本句是主从复合句。Whatever frustration I felt about how slow he was moving是让步状语从句，其中how slow he was moving是宾语从句。
【译文】无论我对他行动迟缓感到多么沮丧，都绝不会让他察觉。
④【分析】本句是主从复合句。what felt like the “longest shortest time”是宾语从句，与in构成全句的时间状语。
【译文】在这段堪称“最漫长的短暂时光”里，我们从焦虑困惑，重归从容自信。
Ⅱ. 1—5 ECBGF
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些记笔记的方法。
1. 小标题Be selective和上文“You should not write down every piece of information in the book.”说明记笔记需要注意有选择性，不要记下所有的信息，E项“你也不应该每页仅写一个要点，否则你可能会浪费宝贵的时间”呼应小标题，承接上文，对上文进行进一步解释，且自然引出下文建议找到笔记量的平衡。
2. 小标题Paraphrase information from the text说明记笔记时，要改写文本中的信息，不要照抄，C项“你应该用自己的话写笔记”呼应小标题，并引出下文这么做的好处。
3. 下文“The notes are your study aid, so it's best to write them in a way that makes sense to you.”说明本段建议使用一些适合自己的格式记笔记，B项“使用一种适合你的格式”概括本段主旨大意，适合做小标题。
4. 小标题Organize your notes in a meaningful way和上文“History notes may be most logically taken in time order … that shows mastery of one concept before moving on to the next.”说明本段建议使用有意义的方式整理笔记，并举了历史笔记和科学笔记的例子，G项“把每堂课的笔记放在不同的文件夹里也是个好主意，这样就不会混淆了”呼应小标题，承接上文，列举了整理笔记的另一种有意义的方式。
5. 上文“Visual learners are often helped by visual representations in their own notes.”说明视觉记忆对于视觉学习者的益处，F项“你可能想用一张图表记录，而不是写下有关它的信息”承接上文，列举了视觉记忆的一种方式。
Ⅲ. 1—5 BDCBA　6—10 DCBAC　11—15 DCABA
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者妈妈对高中时期的作者提出的建议。她告诫作者不要想着在高中时期就达到人生的顶峰，因为生活中总会有更多的挑战和机遇。作者起初不理解，但随着时间的推移，逐渐领悟了妈妈的智慧。
1. warning警告；wisdom智慧；blessing祝福；humour幽默。根据下文“You don't want to peak at high school.”和“Mum's advice now serves to remind me that there are always __15__ days ahead.”可知，作者妈妈说这些话是很有智慧的，至今作者仍采纳这一建议。
2. best trained最训练有素的；best dressed穿着最好的；best looking最好看的；best performing表现最好的。根据上文“Of course you want to peak at high school！”以及下文make friends with everyone, and be really good at a sport可推知，作者认为如果想在高中达到顶峰，就要成为班上表现最好的孩子。
3. land着陆；win获胜；peak达到顶峰；improve提高。根据上文“By this logic, every year of high school is supposed to be better than the last”以及下文in year 12可推知，按照作者的逻辑，高中的每一年都应该越来越好，最终在12年级达到顶峰。
4. seek寻找；repeat重复；follow跟随；explain解释。根据上文“Every time I had a meltdown”以及下文her advice可推知，每当作者情绪崩溃时，妈妈就会重复她说过的话来安慰作者。
5. clicked使恍然大悟；stayed停留；came来；changed改变。根据上文“I thought she wasn't well”以及下文转折词but可推知，虽然作者没有立刻理解妈妈之前的话，但是当作者读到12年级时，妈妈的话让作者恍然大悟。
6. taken over接管；sped up加速；mixed up混淆；sorted out解决，安排。根据上文“there's no fun”以及下文“It's a mess, but it's meant to be.”可推知，妈妈认为在高中时就把一切都安排好是没有乐趣的，它注定是一团糟的。
7. complain抱怨；wonder想知道；realize意识到；worry担心。根据上文“Once you're out of high school, you will see the world”以及下文“just how small you are in it”可推知，人一旦离开高中，进入社会，就会意识到自己是多么渺小。
8. vital至关重要的；little小的，微不足道的；special特别的；boring无聊的。根据上文“Once you're out of high school, you will see the world and __7__ just how small you are in it.”以及下文“They really do mean nothing ten years later.”可知，高中时认为很重要的事情，在进入社会后，就会变得微不足道。
9. stepping垫脚的；rolling起伏的；precious珍贵的；decorative装饰性的。根据下文stone to the rest of your life以及“how can you go forward”可推知，高中岁月只是你余生前进道路上的一块垫脚石。stepping stone为固定搭配，意为“垫脚石”。
10. rate速度；site地点；point时刻，阶段；level水平。根据上文“If you peak at that”以及下文“how can you go forward”可推知，作者认为如果在高中时期就达到顶峰，那以后的人生将难以继续前进。at that point为固定搭配，意为“在那个时刻/阶段”。下文“I no longer look at life as an everlasting __13__ up to a certain point”也是提示。
11. confuses 使困惑；protects保护；burdens担负；guides指引。根据下文28 year old me when things are以及“Mum's advice now serves to remind me”可推知，当作者遇到困难时，妈妈的建议仍然指引着作者。
12. fine好的；normal正常的；tough艰难的；different不同的。根据上文“Mum's advice still __11__ 28 year old me”和语境可知，当事情变得艰难时，妈妈的建议仍然指引着作者。
13. hike徒步旅行；puzzle难题；match比赛；exploration探索。根据下文up to a certain point以及下文“There's no summit.”可知，作者之前认为生活就像是一次长途的徒步旅行，直到某个特定点才算成功，如今作者不再这么想，因为此次旅行没有顶峰。
14. Thus因此；Rather相反；Luckily幸运地；Naturally自然地。根据上文“There's no summit.”以及下文“there are a series of peaks, drops and plateaus”可推知，作者认为生活没有顶峰，相反，生活中有一系列的高峰、低谷和停滞期。
15. better更好的；simpler更简单的；calmer更平静的；newer更新的。根据上文“If you peak at that __10__， how can you go forward？”以及“Mum's advice now serves to remind me”可知，作者的妈妈认为如果在高中时期达到人生顶峰，未来将难以继续前进。因此妈妈的建议总是提醒着作者，总有更好的日子在前方等着自己。
Section 2　Language focus on Reading
Ⅰ. 1. potential　2. path　3. challenge
4. well rounded　5. amazing　6. facilities　7. attitude　8. resource　9. equal
10. acquire
Ⅱ. 1—5 BADCC　6—8 DBD
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了童年遭遇各种不幸的Emanuel全身心地投入学校的学习，最终完成了人生的逆袭。
1. 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“When Emanuel received an email from Professor Richard English, Queen's Pro Vice Chancellor at the School of History, Anthropology, Philosophy and Politics, encouraging him to apply for a PhD in Politics in Belfast”和下文“Emanuel never thought would be possible”可知，女王大学历史、人类学、哲学和政治学院的副校长鼓励他申请贝尔法斯特的政治博士学位，这件事情Emanuel从没想过，故可推断，他得知此事的这一时刻是感到意外的、难以置信的。由此推知，画线词pinch me意为“难以置信的(Unbelievable)”。
2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“What followed was a childhood with uncertainty as Emanuel was passed between the adoption system and family members.”可知，儿时，Emanuel在收养系统和家庭成员之间穿梭，说明他有时由亲戚照顾。
3. 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Fortunately, the government backed him, having created a policy allowing disadvantaged persons to access funding for higher education.”可知，Emanuel通过政府的资助来支付他的大学学费。
4. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中“After all, just a few short years ago, he was living on the streets … welcome him to Queen's University over 4，000 miles away.”可知，本文主要讲述了Emanuel如何克服儿童时期的不幸，奋起拼搏，通过努力完成人生的逆袭。由此推知，文章想告诉我们：你就是你人生的主人。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者回忆自己进入高中的第一天的情景。
5. 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，对大多数青少年来说，高中是一个新的冒险和挑战开始的地方。作者清楚地记得自己高中的第一天，当他进入学校大门时，他受到一群学生的欢迎且走廊里尽是谈笑声。作者要处理的事情太多了，他觉得自己就像浩瀚海洋中的一条小鱼。所以作者一开始会有这样的感觉是源于对陌生环境的恐惧。
6. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“My English teacher, Mrs Johnson, introduced herself … encouraged us to share our thoughts and ideas.”可知，作者的英语老师Johnson女士善于鼓舞学生，且她解释了一个学期要学的内容，这对学生来说是有帮助的。
7. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The next class was mathematics, which happened to be my weakest subject. I felt a tight feeling in my stomach as I entered the classroom”可知，数学是作者最薄弱的学科，所以作者走进数学课堂时感到焦虑紧张。
8. 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，在午餐期间，作者明白了在高中不仅仅是学习，还可以建立友谊。
Ⅲ. 1. beginning　2. Actually　3. on　4. gave
5. a　6. helpful　7. confidence　8. which
9. to cheer　10. were brought
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在高中时期的经历和感受。
1. 考查非谓语动词。look forward to (doing) sth是固定短语，意为“期待(做)某事”，所以此处使用动名词beginning。
2. 考查副词。修饰下文句子，做状语，应用副词actually；位于句首，首字母大写。
3. 考查介词。leave a deep impression on sb是固定短语，意为“给某人留下深刻印象”。
4. 考查动词时态。空处与worked并列做谓语，描述的是过去发生的事，应使用一般过去时。
5. 考查冠词。此处泛指“一个独特可爱的女孩”且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
6. 考查形容词。空处在句中做表语，与上文active和下文curious并列，应用形容词helpful。
7. 考查名词。give sb sth是固定短语，意为“给某人某物”，故空处需填入名词confidence，且其为不可数名词。
8. 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词sporting events，在从句中担任主语，指物，用关系代词which。
9. 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，学生到场是为了加油，此处用动词不定式表目的。
10. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处为谓语动词，bring与主语之间是被动关系，所以使用被动语态；此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；主语是all the shouts, cheers and sighs，be动词用were。
Ⅳ. 1. Senior high school is a world full of challenges, but opportunity lies in each challenge. 2. I have confidence in my ability to rise to the challenges and make a difference. 3. First, I'll take advantage of our school resources to realize my potential. 4. Of equal importance are good study habits and a positive attitude. 5. Last but not least, I'll look on the bright side, even in difficult situations.
Section 3　Grammar and usage
Ⅰ. 1. on　2. a　3. based　4. of　5. to
6. tips　7. in　8. came
Ⅱ. 1—5 DABEF　6—8 CHG
Ⅲ. 1—5 BADBD　6—8 CBB
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了个性化学习系统Teach to One 360如何通过数据分析帮助学生提升成绩和自信心。
1. 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，本段举了12岁的Nina Mones通过使用Teach to One 360学习系统变得更加自信的例子。由此引出了Teach to One 360个性化学习系统这一话题，展示了该系统如何帮助学生提升自信。
2. 段落大意题。根据第二段中“This is a model for personalized learning”可知，Teach to One 360是一个个性化学习的模式；结合“Teach to One 360, and similar systems, often use data analytics to follow students' progress, find out their strengths and weaknesses, and adjust teaching methods accordingly.”可知，此处介绍了该系统如何使用数据分析跟踪学生的进度、发现他们的优势和劣势，并调整教学方法。由此可知，第二段主要介绍了这个学习系统的工作原理。
3. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Still, getting schools to sign on to the program has been a challenge. Some teachers are unwilling to try new teaching methods, while others worry that these new forms of technology could perhaps lead to the elimination of their jobs.”可知，一些教师不愿意尝试新的教学方法，并担心新技术可能导致他们失业。这是学校采用Teach to One 360时面临的挑战之一。
4. 观点态度题。根据最后一段中“You can have the best program in the world, but if you don't have good operation of it, it's all for nothing”可知，Alfred Córdova认为成功的个性化学习不仅依赖于先进的技术，还依赖于能否有效运行这些技术。由此推知，Alfred Córdova对个性化学习的未来持不确定的态度。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍的是人们就ChatGPT是否应该应用于教育之中进行讨论，作者认为人类应该与时俱进，确保人工智能发挥积极作用。
5. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The New York City's Department of … warning that it could encourage more students to cheat, especially in exams.”可知，一些高等教育机构禁止ChatGPT的使用是因为学生可能会借助其在考试中作弊。
6. 观点态度题。根据第四段中“Embracing AI as early as possible is advisable.”和最后一段中“Since we cannot avoid ChatGPT and other AI powered applications … they have a positive impact on society and the future of education.”可推知，既然无法避免ChatGPT和其他人工智能进入高等教育领域，那我们应共同努力确保其对社会和教育的未来产生积极影响，所以作者支持人工智能在高校教育中的运用。
7. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“AI powered education technologies can be adopted to make the learning experience more suitable for each student based on his or her strengths and weaknesses.”可知，人工智能能够根据学生个人情况定制学习体验。
8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，在未来，ChatGPT和其他人工智能会不可避免地更加广泛地应用于高等教育领域中。
Ⅳ. 1. a　2. brighter　3. have gathered
4. training　5. and　6. from　7. where　8. decoration　9. Dating　10. painted
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一群记者、国际学生和网红在北京相聚，共同庆祝第二届拉美和加勒比(LAC)国家自媒体意见领袖培训班圆满结束。
1. 考查冠词。空处修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，且time是发音以辅音音素开头的词，应用不定冠词a。
2. 考查形容词比较级。根据语境可知，空处意为“更加明亮”，用形容词比较级brighter与whiter形成对照。
3. 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语Since ancient times可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语people为复数，助动词用have。
4. 考查名词。空处用名词training，意为“培训”，修饰名词workshop，做定语。
5. 考查连词。空处为连词，连接空前的promote friendship between participants和空后的enhance mutual understanding between China and LAC countries，两者为并列关系，用连词and。
6. 考查介词。意为“来自……”，用介词from。
7. 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词为one，在定语从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where引导。
8. 考查名词。根据不定冠词a和形容词facial可知，空处应用名词decoration做宾语。
9. 考查非谓语动词。主语huadian和动词date back to之间为主动关系，且空处位于句首，故用现在分词形式Dating做状语。
10. 考查非谓语动词。被修饰词jasmines, cherry blossoms, lotus, peonies and plum blossoms和动词paint之间为被动关系，用过去分词painted做后置定语。
Section 4　Integrated skills
Ⅰ. 1. proposal　2. workshop　3. aimed　4. sign
5. materials　6. purpose　7. styles
8. techniques　9. poster　10. professional
Ⅱ. 1—5 DBABA　6—7 BC
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种中学学术俱乐部的相关信息，包括俱乐部的宗旨、活动内容以及竞赛情况等。
1. 细节理解题。根据Mathcounts Club部分中“It hopes to provide students with the foundation for success in science, technology, engineering and mathematics careers.”可知，学生选择参加Mathcounts Club的主要原因是为科学和数学职业做准备。
2. 细节理解题。根据Builders Club部分中“Builders Club is open to any middle school student who wishes to perform community service.”可知，愿意从事志愿工作的学生会更倾向于加入Builders Club。
3. 写作目的题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段内容可知，在中学阶段，有许多学术俱乐部可供学生参加，可以选择自己感兴趣的领域的俱乐部，例如Mathcounts Club、Envirothon、Future Problem Solvers和Builders Club。文章分别介绍了这四个学术俱乐部的相关情况。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高中生如何适应新环境。
4. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Even if you know other freshmen, you still feel anxious that you don't know any upperclassmen.”可知，新生在高中第一天通常会感到紧张。
5. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The work in senior high school is something freshmen are probably worried about.”可知，新生可能担心的是学习任务。
6. 细节理解题。根据第五段中“This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.”可知，课外活动主要帮助学生发展他们的兴趣。
7. 段落大意题。根据最后一段“Junior high school taught you … Senior high school gives you the chance to learn …”可知，最后一段主要讲的是初中和高中的区别。
Ⅲ. 1—5 BECDG
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何安抚内心的声音。
1. 根据上文“Have you ever heard a voice inside your head that talks to you and helps you make decisions and remember things This is your inner voice.”可知，内心声音就像是一场自己和自己的对话，故B项“这就像在你的脑海里进行一场私人对话”符合语境。
2. 根据小标题Try to develop a kind inner voice和上文“When your inner voice is kind and supportive, you feel good about yourself. Sometimes, you may feel worried about joining a new club or taking a maths test.”可知，当内心声音友善时，你会对自己感觉良好，那么当你担心害怕时，应该借友善的内心声音来安慰和支持自己，故E项“然后你可以像朋友一样用它来鼓励自己”符合语境。
3. 根据上文“Sometimes, though, especially if you're stressed … stop you believing in yourself.”可知，上文提到的是人在有压力的时候，会受负面内心声音的影响，那么此空应承接上文，说明这种情况的应对办法，同时呼应下一段小标题Change the conversation所表达的主旨。故C项“好消息是你可以改变话题”符合语境。
4. 根据上文“You probably don't realize how often you say negative things in your head”以及下文“Maybe it is when you're nervous or trying something new.”可知，上文提到你可能没有意识到自己在脑海中说了多少消极的话，下文列举了具体的时候，由此推测本句说明要观察消极声音出现的时候。故D项“留心你内心消极的声音大声响起的时刻”符合语境。
5. 根据上文“Kross recommends making a clear difference between you and your chatter.”以及下文“Use your name and say … instead of feeling like you want to give up.”可知，上文建议在你和你的喋喋不休之间做出明确的区分，下文则提到了用第二人称和自己对话的具体方法和好处。故G项“所以，当有压力时，尝试以旁观者视角与自己展开对话”符合语境。
Ⅳ. One possible version：
Dear_Headmaster，
With the intention of developing our writing skills and enriching school life, I'd like to create a Short Story Writing Club.
As scheduled, all the activities will be organized in Room 301 of the teaching building at 7：00 on Saturday evening. Members can read their well prepared stories aloud in front of the audience, which will help them have confidence in writing. In addition, they can take an active part in other activities, such as discussing the short stories in groups and attending lectures given by their loved writers.
I would appreciate it if you could take my proposal into careful consideration.
Yours_sincerely，
Li_Hua
Section 5　Extended reading & Project
Ⅰ. 1. tough　2. attractive　3. Unfortunately　4. contributed　5. optional　6. host
7. biology　8. Calligraphy　9. Rugby 10. pudding
Ⅱ. 1—5 ABDCB　6—10 ACCBA　11—15 BBAAD
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在美国上学第一天的经历和感受，展现了对新环境的适应过程和对不同教育方式的观察与比较。
1. join汇合，加入；share分享；take拿；visit拜访，看望。根据to America in order to __1__ my mother who had been here for three years可知，作者到美国是为了与母亲汇合。
2. feeling感觉；future未来；health健康；trouble麻烦。根据语境和常识可知，作者从印度长途跋涉到美国上学的原因是，美国的教育会对作者的未来有帮助。
3. 根据下文的“I would manage. I didn't know anybody in my class.”可知，作者在班上谁也不认识，所以担心如何应付。
4. trained训练；allowed允许；missed错过；started开始。根据上文的“On the first day, I went to my second class because I had”和下文的my first可知，作者因为错过了第一节课，所以去上第二节课了。
5. angrily生气地；slowly慢慢地；closely紧密地；completely完全地。根据上文的“On the first day, I went to my second class because I had __4__ my first. I knocked on the door and opened it”可知，第一天去上学，作者因为不熟悉环境，所以开门时动作应该是缓慢的。
6. 根据上文的Everyone's eyes were和下文的“as I entered the room”可知，所有的目光都集中在作者身上。
7. ready准备好的；away去别处；straight径直地；close接近地。根据下文的to the teacher and asked if this was the right class可知，作者直接走到老师面前，以便知道自己是否来到了正确的班级。
8. 根据下文的“I wanted to sit”可知，老师让作者选择想坐在哪里。
9. Mostly主要地；Actually实际上；Luckily幸运地；Certainly当然。根据下文“I didn't want to pick a seat. In India we had assigned seats, so I never needed to __10__ about that.”可知，在印度学生有指定的座位，所以作者实际上并不想自己选座位。
10. worry担心；know知道；search搜索；copy复制。根据上文的“In India we had assigned seats, so I never needed to”可知，印度的学生有指定的座位，作者不需要担心座位的问题。
11. pictures图片；notes笔记；marks分数；signs标志。根据下文的from the screen和take notes可知，作者是在课堂上做笔记。
12. pens钢笔；computers电脑；words单词；cameras相机。根据上文the screen和下文“We had to take notes as the teacher spoke.”可知，在印度学生根据老师说的话做笔记，说明印度老师不使用电脑。
13. earlier更早的；quicker更快的；later更晚的；stronger更强的。根据上文的“School ended at 2：30 p．m.”、下文的than in India和常识可知，美国学校的放学时间很早，要远早于印度。
14. making使得；giving给；sending发送；driving驾驶。根据上文的“the teachers in America had a fun way of”和下文difficult things much easier可知，美国的老师有不同的教学方法，能使复杂的教学内容变得更简单。
15. cleverer更聪明的；kinder更和蔼的；stranger更奇怪的；stricter更严格的。根据上文的“I found the teachers in America had a fun way of __14__ difficult things much easier.”和下文的in the way they said things可知，作者认为美国的老师比印度的老师更有趣，所以推断出印度的老师更严格。
Ⅲ. 1. a　2. country's　3. on/upon　4. practices
5. to teach　6. correctly　7. developing　8. are encouraged　9. to use　10. importance
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近日中国教育部发布的有关加强中小学规范汉字书写教育的新通知，主要包括其重点、宗旨和目标等。
1. 考查冠词。空处表示泛指，意为“一份新通知”，应用不定冠词，且new的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。
2. 考查名词所有格。空处做修饰heritage的定语，应用country的所有格形式country's，表示“国家的文化遗产”。
3. 考查介词。固定短语focus on/upon意为“关注”。
4. 考查名词复数。空处做combining的宾语，根据空前的these可知，practice应用复数形式。
5. 考查非谓语动词。固定短语aim to do意为“旨在做某事”，空处应用teach的不定式形式。
6. 考查副词。空处修饰动词write，应用correct的副词形式correctly，意为“正确地”。
7. 考查非谓语动词。空处和improving并列，做such as的宾语，应用develop的动名词形式。
8. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处做句子的谓语，此处在描述当前的情况，时态应用一般现在时；encourage和主语Students之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语是复数，be动词应用are。
9. 考查非谓语动词。固定句型“it is＋形容词＋to do sth”表示“做某事是……的”，空处应用use的不定式形式。
10. 考查名词。空处做recognize的宾语，应用important的名词形式importance，意为“重要性”，且其不可数。
Ⅳ. One possible version：
Suddenly_she_decided_to_do_something_and_brighten_someone_else's_morning.She handed over her bank card to the waiter and said, “I'd like to pay the coffee forward.”After the payment, Sarah knew she had just started a chain of kindness, a warm sense of satisfaction springing up. Informed that the coffee had already been paid for, the next driver smiled and said, “Wonderful! Please use the money I was going to spend to pay for the coffee of the car behind.” And the beautiful cycle repeated.
The_continuous_chain_of_kindness_attracted_social_media_and_inspired_other_communities. The story became popular online, and strangers copied it in their own communities. Messages of gratitude flooded the Internet so quickly that the chain reached far and wide. Not only was the chain about buying coffee, but it also about spreading love, kindness, and warmth to strangers. It served as a reminder that a small act of kindness could cause a series of other magic things to happen, spreading joy and smiles far beyond its original intention.