(共29张PPT)
Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth！
Period 3 Section B （1a-Self Check）
（P102）Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good use？你曾经想过这些东西怎样才能真正地被好好利用吗？
put sth.to good use意为“好好利用某物；充分利用某物”。在该从句中，be put to good use是被动语态，意为“被好好利用”。
If you don’t know how to put your books to good use， give them to others.
如果你不知道如何很好地利用你的书，就把它们给别人。
You can be sure that the money you gave them will be put to good use.
你可以确定，你给他们的钱都将被很好地使用。
完成句子
1.通常我的时间被好好利用。我制定了严密的计划，几乎不浪费时间。
Usually， my time is .I make good plans and seldom waste time.
2.你充分利用了你的兴趣爱好了吗？
Have you your hobbies ？
3.他总是好好地利用零钱。
His pocket money always .
put to good use
put
to good use
is
put to good use
（P102）You have probably never heard of Amy Hayes，but she is a most unusual woman.你很可能没有听说过艾米·海斯，但她是一个非常不同寻常的女人。
hear of意为“听说”，指间接地听说某事，相当于hear about。
I’m glad to hear of/about your good behavior at school.
听到你在学校表现良好，我很高兴。
本句中的“a most unusual woman”是“a most+adj.+n.”结构，其中的most是副词，意为“很；非常”，相当于very，用来修饰它后面的形容词，而不是最高级的标志。
Her younger sister is a most active kid in the family.
她妹妹是家里一个极活跃的孩子。
完成句子
1.她是一位非常友善的老师。
She was teacher.
2.这个下午过得非常有意义，谢谢你。
Thank you for afternoon.
3.在我看来，我的祖父是最有趣的人。
As far as I’m concerned， my grandfather was ＿＿＿ man.
a most kind
a most meaningful
the most interesting
（P102）She opened a small shop where she sells her bags， and she has also set up a website to sell them online.她开了一家小店来出售她的包，她还建立了一个网站，在网上销售它们。
where she sells her bags是定语从句，由关系副词where引导，修饰表示地点的先行词shop。
【拓展】
当先行词是表示地点的名词时：如果引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用that/which；如果引导词在从句中作地点状语，则用where。
Let’s find a restaurant that/which serves Sichuan food！我们找一家川菜馆吧！（作主语）
Let’s find a restaurant where we have dinner together.我们找家餐馆共进晚餐吧！（作状语）
set up为“动词+副词”型短语，意为“成立；建立；创立；开办（学校、公司、机构等）”。
Ma Yun returned to China and set up a website in 1995.
马云在1995年回到中国，建立了一个网站。
In 2015， China set up the AIIB.中国在2015年开办了亚投行。
单项选择
（ ）1.This is the school I have ever studied.
A.how B.which C.where D.what
（ ）2.The China International Search and Rescue Team has brought help and hope to people in disasters around the world since it
.
A.set up B.is set up C.was set up D.will be set up
C
C
完成句子
3.这个组织是为了帮助残疾人而建立的。
The group was to help those people who are disabled.
set up
一、单词拼写
1.I heard that the （负责人） of the company will give us a short speech.
2.Let’s meet at the （大门） of the school， shall we？
3.“Strike while the i is hot” is a popular saying.
4.There is no software development without （创造力）.
5.If you have to cough， use your （餐巾纸） to cover your mouth.
president
gate
ron
creativity
napkin
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.We can protect the natural environment by （recycle） things that we use in our life.
2.Most poets drew their （inspire） from the countryside.
3.I’d like some chicken and two （bottle） of beer.
recycling
inspiration
bottles
4.The man makes money by printing （work） of famous writers.
5.Some of the toys are made of （metal） while others are made of wood.
works
metal
三、完成句子
1.政府建立了一个教育网站，学生可以在上面查找信息。
Government has an educational website so that students can look up information on it.
2.废物应该重新利用，而不是扔掉。
Waste materials should be recycled instead of being .
set up
thrown away
3.我们应该充分利用每一种资源，从而不浪费它们。
We should each kind of sources and not waste them.
4.即使你把种子倒过来种， 根须还是往下长。
Even if you plant the seed ， the roots will still grow down.
5.昨晚那场可怕的暴雨把许多老树和老房子都推倒了。
Many old trees and houses by the terrible rainstorm last night.
put
to good use
upside down
were pulled down
四、阅读理解
主题范畴：人与社会 核心素养：思维品质 难易度： 建议用时：6分钟 自我测评： %
In Xizang， there is a newly opened minimarket.It provides all kinds of daily products for local people.But people don’t need to pay money.Villagers here can exchange（交换） recyclables（可回收物品） for them.“Rubbish for cash” is the secret behind its success.
It was not accepted by all the local people at first， so the minimarket started with children.The children exchanged recyclables for snacks and soon the news spread.Now more and more people come to exchange recyclables for daily products.Four local villagers even found a job in the minimarket.Tenzin Drolma is one of them.He is busy but happy every day.“The idea is good， and it is good for the environment.Also， I’m thankful for having such a job.I can get 3，000 yuan every month，” he says.
The minimarket is not the only “green” market.In another “green” supermarket in another city， customers can buy daily products by points.People exchange recyclables for points.For example， one kilogram of boxes can be exchanged for 5 points.When people get 16 points， they can exchange them for a bag of salt.
Technology also makes the green life smarter and cleaner.The smart bins can tell people how heavy their recyclables are and put the number into cards held by them.When the bins are full， they will “remind” the cleaning staff to take the rubbish out.
（ ）1.What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to？
A.The cash.
B.The daily product.
C.The new sale form.
D.The rubbish.
C
（ ）2.Why does the writer say the two markets are “green”？
A.Because their buildings are green.
B.Because their products are good for the environment.
C.Because they do the business in an environmentally friendly way.
D.Because they only sell green food.
C
（ ）3.How do people get products in another “green” supermarket？
A.They pay money for them.
B.They exchange points for them.
C.They exchange rubbish for them directly.
D.They get them by working there.
B
（ ）4.Which of the following is TRUE？
A.The two markets are in the same city.
B.The markets are popular as soon as they appear.
C.Both the two markets started with children.
D.People use points to exchange daily products in another “green” market.
D
（ ）5.What does the passage mainly talk about？
A.The “rubbish for cash” life in Xizang.
B.How local people in Xizang buy daily products.
C.How technology makes people’s life smarter.
D.The daily products in two new markets in Xizang.
A
温馨提示：更多分层提能练习请见P353-P355(共21张PPT)
Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth！
Period 4 读写综合
Utah’s Great Salt Lake is now about one fourth of its highest water level in 1987. Researchers are afraid that nearby animals and people may be put at risk.
For years， the water expected to flow into the lake has been used for other purposes， such as the locals’ daily life， factory production and farmland watering. Besides， the drought — a long period without enough rain — has also lowered the water level of the lake.
The lake now has an area of about 2，000 square kilometers which is not covered by water. A dry lake bed can form dust clouds with arsenic（砷）， which can make people get sick. “If you draw in the dust for a long time， you’ll have a higher risk of developing different illnesses，” said scientist Kevin Perry.
People are not the only ones at risk. The lake is also home to some microbes（微生物） that are food for shrimps. And shrimps are important food for birds. If the lake is dry， these microbes can’t live. That will influence the whole ecosystem in the end.
To protect the Great Salt Lake， Utah’s government has taken steps to ask local people and factories to cut down on water use.
一、回答问题
1.When did Utah’s Great Salt Lake have the highest water level？
In 1987.
2.What has the water expected to flow into the lake been used for？
The locals’ daily life， factory production and farmland watering.
3.How much of the lake is not covered by water？
An area of about 2，000 square kilometers.
4.What will happen if people draw in the dust for a long time？
They will have a higher risk of developing different illnesses.
5.What will a dry lake finally influence？
The whole ecosystem.
二、精彩短语积累
1.处于危险
2.期望做某事
3.流入
4.被用于做某事 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
5.农田灌溉
6.被……覆盖 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
be put at risk
expect to do sth
flow into
be used for doing sth.
farmland watering
be covered by
7.吸进灰尘
8.有更高的风险……
9.是……的所在地/栖息地
10.最终，最后 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
11.采取措施做某事
12.减少用水
draw in the dust
have a higher risk of
be home to
in the end
take steps to do sth.
cut down on water use
三、优美句型解析
To protect the Great Salt Lake， Utah’s government has taken steps to ask local people and factories to cut down on water use.
为了保护大盐湖，犹他州政府已经采取措施，要求当地居民和工厂减少用水。
【句式提炼】
不定式to do作目的状语，意为“为了”。
【句式仿写】
为了保护濒危野生生物，政府建立了许多自然公园。
To protect the endangered wildlife， the government set up lots of nature parks.
四、句型精练
1.研究人员担心附近的动物和人可能会处于危险之中。
Researchers are afraid that nearby animals and people ＿＿＿＿＿＿
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
2.干涸的湖床会形成含砷的尘云，这会让人生病。
A dry lake bed can form dust clouds with arsenic（砷）， which can
.
make people get sick
may be put at risk
3.如果湖水干涸，这些微生物就无法生存。
， these microbes can’t live.
If the lake is dry
海洋是生命的摇篮。为提高学生保护海洋环境的意识，你校英文报正在开展以“Save the Ocean”为题的征文活动。请你根据以下思维导图内容提示，用英语写一篇短文投稿。
注意：
（1）可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。
（2）不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名和考生的真实姓名。
（3）语句连贯，词数80左右。作文标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
【思路点拨】
第一步：审题
人称：第一人称 时态： 一般现在时
第二步：列提纲
第三步：列出主要短语
1.为某人提供某物
2.大量的
3.防止，避免
4.对……有害
5.在危险中
6.对……产生负面的影响
7.自愿做某事
8.产生影响；有所作为
provide sth. for sb.
plenty of
prevent…from
be harmful to
in danger
have a bad influence on
volunteer to do sth.
make a difference
第四步：运用to start with， secondly， lastly， in a word等词将要点连成文章，并注意句型的多样化。
Save the Ocean
The ocean covers over two thirds of our planet.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
One possible version：
Save the Ocean
The ocean covers over two thirds of our planet. It not only provides food and valuable resources for humans， but also is home to plenty of sea animals. If the ocean is polluted， it can cause many serious problems.
To prevent that from happening， quick action must be taken before it’s too late. To start with， I suggest that we use fewer plastic products because most of them end up in the water. It is rather
harmful to the environment. Secondly， we must stop overfishing. Many sea animals are already in danger， and their disappearance will have a bad influence on the ocean’s ecosystem. Lastly， we can volunteer to do some beach clean-ups， which is both helpful and meaningful.
In a word， protecting the ocean is of great importance. Let’s take action and make a difference.(共42张PPT)
Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth！
Period 2 Section A （3a-Grammar Focus）
（P99）This is not only cruel， but also harmful to the environment. 这不仅残忍，而且对环境有害。
harmful为形容词，意为“有害的”。短语be harmful to…意为 “对……有害”。
It is well-known that smoking is harmful to our health.吸烟有害健康，这是大家公认的。
【拓展】
harm作名词时，意为“伤害；损害”；作动词时，意为“危害；伤害；损害”。常用短语有：do harm to…意为“对……有害”。
It wouldn’t do him any harm to work a bit harder.工作努力点对他没什么害处。
There was a traffic accident in this street， but luckily no one was harmed.
这条街上发生了交通事故，但幸运的是，没有人受伤。
单项选择
（ ）1.Playing computer games too much is harmful our eyes.
A.by B.for C.in D.to
（ ）2.Don’t play games on the computer all day.It’s to your eyes.
A.harmful B.harm C.harmed D.harming
D
A
完成句子
3.冰冻的天气对橙子树是有害的。
Freezing weather orange trees.
is harmful to
（P100）Present progressive 现在进行时
Present perfect 现在完成时
（1）present用作形容词时，意为“现存的，当前的；在场的，出席的”。
He wasn’t present for last week’s meeting. 他没有出席上周的会议。
（2）present用作名词时，意为“礼物；目前，现在”。表示 “礼物”时，相当于gift。表示 “现在，此时此刻”时，常与定冠词the 连用，the present意为“目前，当下”。
What’s the best present you’ve ever received？ 你收到过的最好的礼物是什么？
The film is set in the present. It’s about things happening now.
这部电影是以现代为背景的。它是关于现在发生的事情。
（3）present用作动词时，发音为/pr zent/，与名词和形容词/ prez（ ）nt/不同，意为“颁发；提出；展现”。
I presented the results of the survey to the rest of the team.
我把调查结果展示给了小组的其他成员。
写出下列句子中present的中文含义
1.On Mother’s Day， I often make handicrafts for my mother as a present. ＿＿＿＿＿
2.Every one of those present put forward an idea or two. ＿＿＿＿＿
3.When she presented the findings， people were shocked. ＿＿＿＿＿
4.At present， he is a professor of physics. ＿＿＿＿＿＿
礼物
出席的
展示
目前；现在
（P100）Yes， we can’t afford to wait any longer to take action！ 是的，我们不能再等了，行动起来吧！
afford是动词，意为“承担得起（后果）； 买得起”。
【拓展】
The car is too expensive for me.I can’t afford it.这辆汽车对我来说太贵。我买不起它。
He can’t afford to buy the house.他买不起这套房子。
单项选择
（ ）1.—Do you like this new kind of washing machine， madam？
—Yes. But it’s too expensive， and I can’t it.
A.sell B.lend C.control D.afford
D
（ ）2.—Not having enough money， we can’t afford abroad this summer.
—What a pity！
A.travelled B.to travelling C.to travel D.travelling
C
完成句子
3.很多病人承担不起去看病，所以一些慈善组织伸出了援助之手。
Many patients to the doctor， so some charitable organizations are lending a hand.
can’t afford to go
一、复习动词时态
1.现在进行时
2.现在完成时
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The girls （dance） in the classroom now.
2.It’s 5 o’clock now.Mike （have） dinner.
3.— you ever （be） to the US？
—Yes， twice.
4.I （live） here since 1999.
are dancing
is having
Have
been
have lived
二、复习被动语态
1.主动语态和被动语态的区别
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
I cleaned my room.→ My room was cleaned by me.
I saw him cross the road and enter the shop.
→ He was seen to cross the road and enter the shop.
注意：在含有使役动词 （make， let等） 或感官动词 （see， watch， notice， hear等） 的主动语态的句子中，这些词后常跟省略to的动词不定式，但是改为被动语态时则要把省去的to还原。
2.被动语态的具体结构如下：
一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are+过去分词 一般将来时的被动语态 will be/be going to be+过去分词
一般过去时的被动语态 was/were+过去分词 含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词+be+过去分词
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.—Do you often clean your classroom？
—Yes.Our classroom （clean） every day.
2.—Did you go to Jack’s birthday party？
—No. I （invite）.
3.A new highway in my hometown （build） next month.
is cleaned
wasn’t invited
will be built
单项选择
（ ）4.Now computers in many ways in our life and they are very useful.
A.use B.used C.were used D.are used
（ ）5.It is reported that the new museum on April 9th， 2022.
A.has completed B.was completed
C.is completed D.will be completed
D
B
三、复习情态动词
1.情态动词通常无人称和数的变化。
2.情态动词后接动词原形。
3.情态动词有：
表示能力 现在能/会 can
过去能/会 could
表示推测 肯定推测（一定） must
可能推测（可能） may，might，could
否定推测（不可能） can’t
表示许可 可以 can，may
不可以 can’t
禁止 mustn’t
表示责任 应该 should
必须/不得不 must/have to
需要 need
不需要 needn’t/don’t have to
表示委婉语气 你可以……吗？ Could/Would you please…？
单项选择
（ ）1.—The man over there be Mr. Smith.
—It be him. He has gone to Beijing.
A.might； needn’t B.might； can’t
C.must； shouldn’t D.must； mustn’t
B
（ ）2.The guitar belong to Lisa. Only she played the guitar here yesterday.
A.must B.could C.may D.should
（ ）3.You very professional when you do some jobs， but you must be serious when you do any job.
A.needn’t to be B.shouldn’t be
C.don’t need be D.needn’t be
A
D
（ ）4.— I return this book before Wednesday， Madam？
—No， you needn’t. You can keep it for one week.
A.Can B.Need C.Must D.Should
（ ）5.—Dad， you give me a ride to town now？ If I take the bus， I’ll be late.
—I’m I afraid I ， Peter. The car is broken.
A.could； can’t B.could； couldn’t
C.should； shouldn’t D.should； needn’t
C
A
一、单词拼写
1.I think it’s （残忍的） of them to shoot the animals.
2.With the development of （工业）， it will cause some pollution problems.
3.It’s not a （科学的） way to test their opinions.
4.You will be punished if you break the （法律）.
5.The nice painting is too expensive and I can’t a it.
cruel
industry
scientific
law（s）
fford
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Now we （try） to save the earth， which is everyone’s duty.
2.We （make） a list of things that we can do since we decided to do something for the environment.
3.Middle school students should （educate） to behave well in public wherever they go.
4.Too much stress is （harm） to our bodies and minds.
5.Tom is （tall） in our school.
are trying
have made
be educated
harmful
the tallest
三、根据句意，选择所给单词并用其适当形式填空
science， transportation， cruel， harmful， ecosystem
1.There are no studies showing that shark fins are good for health， so people should save sharks instead of eating them.
2.Smoking is to our health and we should call on more people to give up smoking.
3.The plane is a fast means of .
scientific
harmful
transportation
4.The truth was that my class lost the first basketball game， but we didn’t lose heart.
5.I hope everyone can protect the here.
cruel
ecosystem
四、完成句子
1.除非我们采取行动保护河流，否则它们将会变得越来越脏。
Rivers will become dirtier and dirtier unless we to protect them.
2.使用过多的塑料产品对我们的环境是有害的。
Using too many plastic products our environment.
take action
is harmful to
3.她关掉了电灯，让月光从窗户照射进来。
She the light and let the moonlight in through the window.
4.我们不能在这座山的顶部看到这个城市。
We can’t see the city the mountain.
5.总有一天你会为你的懒惰和自私付出代价。
You will your laziness and selfishness one day.
turned off
at the top of
pay for
五、语法选择
主题范畴：人与自然 核心素养：思维品质 难易度： 建议用时：5分钟 自我测评： %
Thousands of plastic bottles are thrown away every second. While a small part of them get recycled， most of 1 end up in the ocean. There， they break up into 2 pieces. Fish often consider them as food by mistake. Robert Bezeau worries about the 3 plastic problem， so he thinks of an idea to make people pay attention to it.
Bezeau started a recycling project in 2012， after noticing plastic waste being 4 thrown on the beautiful beaches. During one year and a half， Bezeau and his volunteers collected over a million plastic bottles！ But how could they deal 5 these bottles？ He thought that they could use the bottles 6 houses， and then the Plastic Bottle Village was born. The project is still in its beginning. So far， only 7 small number of houses have been built. 8 if Bezeau keeps doing it， there will soon be a special community and 90 to 120 families will live in the village.
Interestingly， the bottles are good insulators（隔热材料） 9 help keep the houses at comfortable temperature. People 10 in the houses don’t need air conditioners（空调） in summer.
Bezeau also plans to build a training center. He wants more people to learn how to make good use of the plastic waste.
（ ）1.A.they B.their C.them
（ ）2.A.small B.smaller C.smallest
（ ）3.A.world B.world’s C.worlds
（ ）4.A.care B.careless C.carelessly
（ ）5.A.in B.with C.on
（ ）6.A.built B.building C.to build
（ ）7.A.a B.an C./
（ ）8.A.So B.And C.But
（ ）9.A.which B.what C.when
（ ）10.A.live B.living C.to live
C
B
B
C
B
C
A
C
A
B
温馨提示：更多分层提能练习请见P351-P353(共34张PPT)
Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth！
Period 1 Section A （1a-2d）
单元知识预览
学习目标 谈论环境污染和环境保护问题（Talk about pollution and environmental protection）
语法目标 能正确区分和使用以下语法结构：现在进行时、现在完成时、被动语态、情态动词
学习策略 1.借助文章标题和插图对阅读篇章内容进行合理的预测
2.能在阅读中借助上下文和构词特征猜测部分词汇的含义
文化知识 了解环境污染问题和如何保护环境
重点词汇 写出下列所缺的单词或汉语意思
1. v.乱扔 n.垃圾；废弃物
2.metal n.
3. n.（大）船；舰 v.船运；运输
4. n.煤；煤块
5. adj.丑陋的；难看的
6. n.优点；有利条件
7.cost v. n.
8. adj.木制的；木头的
litter
金属
ship
coal
ugly
advantage
花费
花费；价钱
wooden
重点词汇 9. adj.塑料的 n.塑料
10. adj.残酷的；残忍的
11.harmful adj.
12. n.工业；行业
13.law n.
14. adj.科学（上）的
15.afford v.
16. v.回收利用；再利用
17.gate n.
plastic
cruel
有害的
industry
法律；法规
scientific
承担得起（后果）；买得起
recycle
大门
重点词汇 18. n.瓶子
19. n.负责人；主席；总统
20. n.（音乐、艺术）作品
bottle
president
work
重点短语 1.be harmful to
2.在……顶部或顶端
3.食物链 4.参加
5.turn off 6.付费；付出代价
7.take action 8.扔掉；抛弃
9.好好利用某物
10.拆下；摧毁
11.bring back
对……有害
at the top of
the food chain
take part in
关掉
pay for
采取行动
throw away
put sth.to good use
pull…down
恢复；使想起；归还
重点句型 1.为了减少空气污染，我们应该乘公共汽车或地铁，而不是开车。
To cut down air pollution，we take the bus or subway driving.
2.许多人认为鲨鱼永远不会濒临灭绝，因为它们是食物链中最强的。
Many believe that sharks endangered because they are the strongest in their .
3.你曾经考虑过这些东西怎样能真正地被好好利用吗？
Have you ever thought about how these things can actually ＿＿＿
？
should
instead of
can never be
food chain
be put to good use
重点句型 4.现在她做这件事已经有几年了。
She this for a few years now.
5.艺术不但可以给他人带来快乐，而且也说明只需要一点创造力，即便是冰冷、坚硬的铁也可产生活力。
Not only can the art bring happiness to others，but it also shows that even cold，hard iron with a little creativity.
has been doing
can be brought back to life
语法聚焦 现在进行时、现在完成时、被动语态及情态动词
1.Listen！She the guitar in the next room.
A.are playing B.plays C.played D.is playing
2.—Why are you looking for May in a hurry？
—The boss is wondering where she and how long she there.
A.has been；has been B.has gone；has gone
C.has been；has gone D.has gone；has bee
D
D
语法聚焦 3. a new library in our school last year？
A.Is；built B.Was；built C.Does；build D.Did；build
4.Jane has to Beijing.She will come back tomorrow.
A.been B.gone C.went D.never been
5.John come to see us tonight，but he isn’t very sure yet.
A.may B.can C.has to D.must
B
B
A
Period 1 Section A （1a-2d）
（P97）Yes， but people are throwing litter into the river. 是的，但人们正往河里扔垃圾。
litter作不可数名词，意为“垃圾；废弃物”。litter还可作动词，意为“乱扔”。常见搭配有：drop litter（扔垃圾）；litter bin（垃圾箱）；litter about（到处乱扔）。
Don’t litter waste paper about.不要到处扔废纸。
【拓展】 辨析：litter，rubbish，waste与garbage
词汇 用法 例句
litter 可作名词或动词，指“（室内或公共场所）乱扔的废物（纸屑、不要的包装纸、废瓶等）”，还可回收。 Please don’t drop litter.
请不要乱扔垃圾。
rubbish 可作名词或动词，指任何成堆的、破损的、用过的或无用的东西。 You’d better not throw the rubbish on the ground.
你最好不要把垃圾扔在地上。
词汇 用法 例句
waste 可作名词、动词或形容词，指任何被丢弃的东西。 Waste is also becoming more and more harmful.
废弃物的危害也变得越来越大。
garbage 只能作名词，主要指有机废料，包括厨房的剩菜、剩饭或不能再用的食物。 Don’t forget to take out the garbage after dinner.晚饭后别忘了把垃圾扔出去。
单项选择
（ ）1.We should think of ways to stop the from the factory polluting our living environment.
A.litter B.rubbish C.garbage D.waste
D
（ ）2.In her home， was fed to the pig.
A.litter B.rubbish C.garbage D.waste
（ ）3.The classroom is so dirty.You must stop throwing about.
A.litter B.rubbish C.garbage D.waste
C
A
（P98）It’s good for health and it doesn’t cost anything！ 它对健康有好处并且不会花费任何东西！
cost在此作动词，意为“花费（时间、金钱、精力等）”，其主语为常用来表示物的名词。cost也可作名词，意为“价钱；成本；代价”。常见短语有：at the cost of…以……为代价； at all costs=at any cost不惜任何代价，无论如何； cost of living生活成本。
This book cost me 10 yuan.这本书花了我10元钱。
The cost of a loaf of bread has increased five-fold.一条面包的价格已经涨了5倍。
【拓展】
辨析：spend， pay， take与cost
词汇 句式 例句
spend ①sb.spend（s）some time/money on sth. ②sb.spend（s）some time（in）doing sth. He spent 4，000 yuan on the computer.
他花了4000元买这台电脑。
I spend around 2 hours on the piano/（in）playing the piano every day.我每天花大约2小时弹钢琴。
词汇 句式 例句
pay ①sb.pay（s）some money for sth. ②sb.pay（s）for sth. I paid ten yuan for the book.
我花了十元钱买这本书。
How much did you pay for your new car？
你花了多少钱买新车？
take It takes sb.some time to do sth. It took me 10 months to translate this book.
翻译这本书花了我10个月的时间。
cost sth.cost（s）sb.some money The T-shirt cost her 200 yuan.
这件T恤花了她200元。
用spend，pay，take或cost的适当形式填空
1.It will me hundreds of dollars to get the ticket.
2.It usually him an hour to cook supper.
3.I had to for the book lost.
4.Buying this book me a lot of money.
5.Jim， you’d better not too much time on your mobile phone.
cost
takes
pay
cost
spend
一、单词拼写
1.Oil and c come from animals and plants that died millions of years ago.
2.The little boy thinks snakes are the most u animals in the world.
3.It’s impolite of the man to drop （垃圾） at the museum.
oal
gly
litter
4.He picked up the （塑料） bottles and put it in the proper rubbish bin.
5.The hole is so deep that you can’t see the （底部）.
plastic
bottom
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The child dreamed that he had once lived in a pretty＿＿＿＿＿＿＿（wood） house.
2.The （fisherman） drew in their nets full of fish.
3.The new type of energy （cost） very little and will never run out.
4.Most books have their own （advantage） and give us something to think about.
wooden
fishermen
costs
advantages
5.A children should tell the truth instead of （make） up stories whenever he or she has done something wrong.
making
三、完成句子
1.你说的话可能对他的工作产生影响。
What you said may to his work.
2.树对我们是有用的。当我们砍倒一些时，应该栽更多。
Trees are very useful to us.We should plant more when we＿＿＿＿＿ some .
3.这条裙子花了我60美元。
The dress $60.
make a difference
cut
down
cost me
4.条条大道通罗马。
All roads Rome.
5.我们如何才能把废物变成有用的东西？
How can we the waste useful things？
lead to
turn/change
into
四、完形填空
主题范畴：人与自然 核心素养：思维品质 难易度： 建议用时：6分钟 自我测评： %
Cash Daniels， a 12-year-old boy， loves nature and wants to protect our planet.He grew up near the Tennessee River and was sad to 1 that it is one of the most polluted rivers in the world.He knew he had to 2 .
At first， Cash and his parents worked to pick up garbage near the Tennessee River.But soon he realized he would need more 3 .So he started organizing clean-ups of the Tennessee River with his family， neighbors and volunteers.Most of them were from the community.Cash also wrote a children’s book about river pollution to help others understand why it was so 4 to protect our planet.He even 5 raised enough money to place 17 recycling dustbins along the river.
Cash’s hard work and devotion（奉献） have had a big 6 in
his hometown.He was 7 “Green Youth” for his effort to protect the environment in 2021.But Cash isn’t stopping there.He knows there’s still more 8 to do.He wants to travel the world， teach others about the ocean and its creatures（生物）， and encourage people to protect it.
Cash believes that every little action counts and that everyone can make a 9 change.He encourages everyone to 10 and take part in protecting our planet.
（ ）1.A.believe B.call C.realize D.learn
（ ）2.A.act B.play C.read D.protect
（ ）3.A.power B.help C.energy D.time
（ ）4.A.important B.interesting C.relaxing D.popular
（ ）5.A.slowly B.hardly C.suddenly D.really
（ ）6.A.decision B.speech C.influence D.problem
（ ）7.A.told B.given C.thought D.found
（ ）8.A.habit B.form C.example D.work
（ ）9.A.normal B.difficult C.positive D.serious
（ ）10.A.stand up B.pick up C.find out D.pass by
D
A
B
A
A
C
B
D
C
A
温馨提示：更多分层提能练习请见P348-P350
