Unit 3 Sea Exploration Reading and Thinking 课件(共34张PPT，呢镶嵌视频)人教版(2019)选择性必修第四册

(共34张PPT)
Reading and Thinking
Learn about sea exploration
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
To identify essay types.
To summerize the main idea of each paragraph.
To assess the significance of sea exploration.
Lead-in
What do you know about the ocean
animals
plants
mineral
Ocean influences climate
energy
Lead-in
Watch a video: The ocean you don’t know
Lead-in
What words would you use to describe the sea
To me, the sea is full of life. Even when you cannot see ocean animals, the sea itself is constantly in motion and never standing still. As something full of life, the sea also has moods. Sometimes it is bright and cheerful, while at other times it is stormy and angry.
Do you know any stories about sea voyages
Pre-reading
He was an Italian explorer whose journeys discovered a new world in 1492.
Christopher Columbus
Do you know any stories about sea voyages
Pre-reading
A Portuguese navigator and explorer who sailed around South America, discovering the Strait of Magellan, and across the Pacific. He made the first voyage around the world in 1519.
Ferdinand Magellan
Do you know any stories about sea voyages
Pre-reading
He was a Venetian merchant, explorer, and writer who travelled through Asia along the Silk Road between 1271 and 1295. His travels are recorded in The Travels of Marco Polo, a book that described to Europeans the mysterious culture and inner workings of the Eastern world.
Marco Polo
Do you know any stories about sea voyages
Pre-reading
He was a Chinese explorer who led several voyages around the Indian Ocean. The first voyage started in Yongle three years (1405), and the last voyage ended in Xuande eight years (1433), totaling seven times. Zheng He's voyages are one of the world navigation feats in history.
Zheng He
Watch a video: Zheng he
Pre-reading
While-reading
Skim the passage (P26-27) and answer the following questions
What type of essay it is
What is the order of the passage
What is the main idea of each paragraph
While-reading
Skim the passage (P26-27) and answer the following questions
What type of essay it is
narrative
argumentative
expository
descriptive
Tips for identifying essay types
There are four major types of essay: narrative (记叙文), descriptive (描述性文体), expository (说明文), and argumentative (议论文). A narrative essay is a story with the beginning, middle, and end. A descriptive essay describes a subject and lists interesting details. An expository essay is factual, giving information on a subject. Finally, an argumentative essay aims to convince the reader.
While-reading
Skim the passage (P26-27) and answer the following questions
What is the order of the passage
Reaching out Across the Sea Para. 1
Para. 2 ~ 3
Para. 4 ~ 5
Para. 6
in the past
introduction to the topic
in the future
at present
Time Order
While-reading
Skim the passage (P26-27) and answer the following questions
What is the main idea of each paragraph
Para. Main idea
1
2
3
4
5
6
Travel from east to west began long before Columbus.
In ancient times, travel east to west was on the Silk Road.
Zheng He’s sea voyages built relations with other countries.
China is also joining with other countries on other important projects.
China will continue to explore the sea and enhance relationships with other countries.
The 21st Maritime Silk Road has encouraged cooperation and strengthened the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
While-reading
Read for detailed information: Para 1
Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations. Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east. However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.
Marco Polo (1254-1324) was born to a merchant family in Venice, Italy. He was a Venetian explorer known for the book The Travels of Marco Polo, which describes his voyage to and experiences in Asia. While it has been argued by some that Marco’s story was a complete lie — that he never went to China — but some researchers show evidences that can prove Marco has been in China because he gave accurate and unique details about the currencies and salt production in China.
While-reading
Read for detailed information: Para 1
Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations. Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east. However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.
1
2
What is the strong passion of early civilisations
What inspired European explorers to search for sea routes
While-reading
Read for detailed information: Para 2
In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road. A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huan’s Record of My Travels in the eighth century.
What is the name of the trade route between China and the West
Where is the destination of the Silk Road
Who is the author of My Travels
1
3
2
While-reading
Watch a video about 《经行记》
In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road. A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huan’s Record of My Travels in the eighth century.
negotiate trade deals
洽谈贸易协议
杜环的《经行记》
While-reading
Read for detailed information: Para 2
While-reading
Read for detailed information: Para 3
Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices. Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.
a sight to behold 壮观的景象
be in a league of one’s own 独领风骚
under the command of 在……的指挥下
in return for 作为……的回赠
withdrew from 从……中退出 / 撤回
While-reading
Read for detailed information: Para 3
Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices. Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.
Who is the commander of the seven fleets
Who sent gifts such as giraffes to China
1
2
While-reading
Read for detailed information: Para 4
To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come. China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.
加强联系
为了……的利益
一带一路
the aim of sth is to do sth
某事的目的是做某事
拓展：strength和strengthen相关短语：
with all one’s strength 竭尽全力；全力以赴
go from strength to strength 不断壮大；越来越强
build up one’s strength 恢复体力
strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点
strengthen one’s body 强健身体
While-reading
Read for detailed information: Para 4
To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come. China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.
Translation:
这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。
While-reading
Read for detailed information: Para 5
China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many other places left to explore. In recent years, China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
there is an urgent need to do sth
迫切需要做某事
Where is being explored for scientific reasons Why
where
why
While-reading
Read for detailed information: Para 6
Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
在手头；可供使用
激励；促进；推动【熟词生义
What is the purpose for Chinese people to reach out across the sea, and do you have different ideas now
Today, trade and curiosity remain motivations of China’s sea explorations, moreover we are consciously pursuing cooperation, bonds, development of the whole area and benefits for mankind as a whole.
The changes in purpose/significance reflect the progress of human mind over time, but also demonstrate the fact that China is much stronger today than ever before so that we can be much more involved in international affairs and shoulder much greater responsibility for mankind.
While-reading
How is the passage developed
Time
in ancient times
in the Ming Dynasty
today
in recent years
far into the future
Region
Result/
Purpose
While-reading
How is the passage developed
Para. 2
Para. 3
Time
in ancient times
in the Ming Dynasty
Region
Result/
Purpose
India, the Middle East, Rome, the coasts of the Indian Ocean and Sri Lanka
the South China Sea, the Indian Ocean, the mouth of the Red Sea, the east coast of Africa
negotiate trade deals, cultural awareness
build relations
While-reading
How is the passage developed
Para. 4
Para. 5
Para. 6
Time
today
in recent years
far into the future
Region
Result/
Purpose
the ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He, the Belt and Road Area
the Arctic
unknown
encourage cooperation and trade, strengthen the bonds, develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange
trade and enhance relationships
understand climate change and its effects
Post-reading
Scan the text and fill in the table with the correct names.
Name Description
The name of the trade route between China and the West
Its kings sent gifts such as giraffes to China
An area currently being explored for scientific reasons
A destination of silk and a major European capital
the Silk Road
African royal families
the Arctic
Rome
Post-reading
Scan the text and fill in the table with the correct names.
Name Description
The modern country name for Ceylon
The historical period when China expanded maritime exploration to other regions
The author of Record of My Travels
The commander of the seven fleets
The person who wrote stories that inspired European explorers
Sri Lanka
the Ming Dynasty
Du Huan
Zheng He
Marco Polo
Post-reading
In groups, discuss the following questions. Make notes under two columns: Facts and Opinions.
Which countries reached out across the sea in the past and why
What benefits and problems did those countries get from doing this
What effects did reaching out across the sea in the past have on the world
What do you think is the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative
Post-reading
In groups, discuss the following questions. Make notes under two columns: Facts and Opinions.
Which countries reached out across the sea in the past and why
Facts: European explorers, China, India, Ceylon, African royal families;
Opinions: for trade
What benefits and problems did those countries get from doing this
Facts: They got new products from many different countries and became more aware of other cultures;
Opinions: In some cases, this led to invasion and conquest.
Post-reading
In groups, discuss the following questions. Make notes under two columns: Facts and Opinions.
Which countries reached out across the sea in the past and why
Facts: European explorers, China, India, Ceylon, African royal families;
Opinions: for trade
What benefits and problems did those countries get from doing this
Facts: They got new products from many different countries and became more aware of other cultures;
Opinions: In some cases, this led to invasion and conquest.