唐山市第十一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试卷（含答案）

河北省唐山市第十一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试卷
一、阅读理解
It is that time of the year, when a handful of the world’s leading scholars, social activists and researchers are rewarded with what is often cited as the most prestigious acknowledgement of human efforts — the Nobel Prize. Here’s a look at who has won the prize and for what.
Physiology or Medicine
Swedish geneticist Svante P bo won the first Nobel Prize of the year, for starting the field of ancient DNA studies. He is well-known for extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA from Neanderthal bones.
Physics
Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger’s work in quantum (量子) technology landed them the second Nobel Prize announced in 2022. Although Aspect is from France, Clauser from the U.S., and Zeilinger from Austria, the three separately performed “groundbreaking experiments” as one team. “Their results have cleared the way for new technology,” the committee stated.
Chemistry
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to another trio (三人组), Carolyn R. Bertozzi from the U.S., Morten Meldal from Denmark and K. Barry Sharpless from the U.S. “for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry,” the committee stated. Dr. Bertozzi is the eighth woman chemist to be awarded the prize, while Dr. Sharpless is the fifth scientist to be awarded two Nobel Prizes.
Economic Sciences
The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday. By studying the history of American economics, particularly the Great Depression of the 1930s, they improved how we understand the role of banks during times of hardship and the bank’s impact on societal functions.
1．What prize is related to the research on bones
A．Physiology or Medicine. B．Chemistry.
C．Physics. D．Economic Sciences.
2．For what study did Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig win the prize
A．About societal functions.
B．About the history of America.
C．About banks and financial crises.
D．About the Great Depression of the 1930s.
3．What do the prizes in physics, chemistry and economic sciences have in common
A．Their winners are from different countries.
B．They have three winners.
C．They improve new technology.
D．They help people understand hardship.
John von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and solving problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician, so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph. D in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.
In 1930, von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there. His first book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full-time people in the School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others).
World War Ⅱ hugely changed von Neumann’s areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematical theories into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamental contributions. After the war, von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally very active in government service. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died of cancer in 1957.
Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.
Von Neumann really was a legend in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving ability is a part of his legend. He reported one accident this way: “I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.”
4．John von Neumann also learned chemistry because ______.
A．his father didn’t trust his talent in learning mathematics
B．he believed he could live a wealthy life learning chemistry
C．his father worried about his income as a mathematician
D．he had the gift for solving problems at a high speed
5．How old was John von Neumann when he published his first book
A．25. B．26. C．29. D．32.
6．How did World War Ⅱ affect John von Neumann
A．He realized the importance of engineering.
B．He began to research how to put mathematics into practice.
C．He left college and served at the government department.
D．He was no longer interested in chemistry.
7．Which of the following can best describe John von Neumann
A．Intelligent and humorous. B．Smart but indecisive.
C．Brave and calm. D．Kind and easy-going.
Recently, Big Think asked top minds from a variety of fields to comment on what the future holds 30 years from now. The result is as follows.
It’s likely that by 2050 the majority of the people in the world will live in urban (城市的) areas, and will have a much higher average age than people today. The urban theorist Richard Florida thinks urbanization will reinvent the education system of the United States, making our economy less real estate-driven and erasing (消除) the divisions between home and work.
And rapidly advancing technology will continue ever more rapidly. Cities of the future won’t look like “some sort of science-fiction fantasy”, but it’s likely that technological advances and information overlays (VR and AR) will greatly change how we live. Self-driving cars will make the roads safer and provide faster transport. A larger version of driverless cars — driverless trucks — may make long-distance drivers out of date.
Some long view predictions are completely dire. Environmentalist Bill McKibben says that if we don’t make great progress in fighting global warming, it’s likely that we could see out-of-control rises in sea level, huge crop shortfalls, and wars over limited freshwater resources.
In terms of how we will eat, Greenmarkets founder and “real food” supporter Nina Planck believes that there will be more small milk processing plants, and more regional food operations and we’ll be healthier as a result. The New York Times’s feature writer Mark Bittman thinks that people will eat fewer processed foods, and eat foods grown closer to where they live. And the Anson Mills farmer Glenn Roberts thinks that more people will be aware of the “ethical (道德的) responsibility” to grow and preserve land-raised farm systems.
8．What may happen by 2050
A．Most people will live in cities.
B．The aging population will drop.
C．Home education will become a trend.
D．The economy will be driven by real estate.
9．What does the underlined word “dire” in the fourth paragraph mean
A．Interesting. B．Daring. C．Terrible. D．Creative.
10．What does Mark Bittman think of foods in the future
A．People will eat healthier and fresher foods.
B．Land-raised farm systems will be improved.
C．There will be more regional food operations.
D．Food supplies will become more limited than before.
It’s a winter morning in 2032. You’re asleep in your smart home. 11 .
Waking in the morning
As you open your eyes, you wave your hand and switch on two of the screens close by. 12 . And you share some late-night thoughts with it to email to a colleague. The other screen displays the morning’s headlines. After breakfast, you put on an outfit, which helps you monitor your physical and mental health, sending regular updates to your phone.
On the way
You set off to your nearest transportation site. Your traffic agency app sends you a warning that your usual journey has changed, due to an all day concert in the park. 13 . Transport systems across the world are now using artificial intelligence and digital sensors to help analyze the data relevant to delay issues and respond with timetable changes and updates to passengers.
At work
When you get to work, instead of going up, you go down. Urban housing prices remain high, forcing many businesses to locate themselves in deep basement offices. 14 . You find a desk and head to your first meeting. The meeting is held in the absence of real colleagues, who attend from around the world as holograms(全息图). You wire up your translation earphones and join the discussion with ease.
15
After working for a day, you head up to take an aviation (航空) taxi. Over the last decade, the sky above you has become busier—increasingly populated by flying autonomous vehicles under strict air traffic control rules. After a short wait, your taxi—a lightweight, electric vertical take off and landing aircraft—arrives to fly you home.
A．Smart controls
B．It’s time to get up
C．Catching a flight home
D．One brings up your virtual assistant
E．Aviation taxis can charge their batteries while flying
F．Your workspace is several floors in total,each one lower than the last
G．And the app advises you of your new journey by an autonomous vehicle
二、完形填空
Everyone back home told me that one of the nicest things about college was the people I met. They all assured me that I would 16 friendships that could last a lifetime. I would always smile and agree. Frankly, before I 17 college, I really didn’t care.
I lived in the 18 where six guys lived in two small connecting rooms. All my roommates seemed to be good guys, but I didn’t really try to get to know them.
I have always been rather quiet and never been able to make friends 19 . I would always forget names after I met people. When we 20 again and they called out my name, I would reply with a(n) 21 wave and a weak hello. This was how things went on for the first month or so. After a while, things started to 22 . A couple of my roommates would try and keep me talking. Soon, these two roommates and I started becoming fairly 23 . We began going to the cafeteria together, 24 together, and meeting in the library to study.
One night my roommates invited me to listen to a fellow roommate’s practice with one of our college choirs. They drove me to the campus where my roommate was to 25 .
It was accidental that that day was my birthday, but I had kept quiet about it. So you can imagine my 26 when we entered the recital hall. The 120 member choir began to sing Happy Birthday to me. 27 at the dorm, my friends held a small party for me, complete with a card and a cake.
I was completely shocked, and I felt 28 to be able to call them friends. It was then that I realized that college means 29 the piece of paper you receive in the end — it’s 30 on both life and people.
16．A．form B．follow C．approach D．introduce
17．A．left out B．left behind C．left for D．left aside
18．A．dorm B．hotel C．inn D．canteen
19．A．deliberately B．easily C．greedily D．merely
20．A．attended B．emerged C．met D．proposed
21．A．splendid B．unique C．embarrassed D．upset
22．A．turn B．worsen C．arise D．change
23．A．intangible B．aggressive C．tiresome D．close
24．A．exercising B．dropping C．rising D．kicking
25．A．preserve B．perform C．settle D．serve
26．A．surprise B．dislike C．disappointment D．bonus
27．A．Away B．Down C．Back D．Out
28．A．aware B．afraid C．sure D．proud
29．A．more than B．rather than C．less than D．other than
30．A．culture B．tradition C．custom D．education
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today, people need to lock doors or switch off electrical appliances by themselves, but in the future, smart homes 31 (use) in people’s life, which will offer people a more secure, energy-saving and comfortable environment 32 (live) in. Smart homes have many functions, 33 (include) intelligent controls, regular health checks and others and so on. In the future, people will be using 34 (advance) technology every day to automatically control everything in their homes, and even give their commands by loud voice to change their routines. In addition, smart homes 35 (monitor) your health every day. They can warn you early on if you have 36 critical illness, such as cancer, and 37 (potential) save your life. Even smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage 38 accidents. Although many of new 39 (innovate) are already available and being used in some homes, it will take some years 40 most new homes begin to use them completely.
41．She has gained (remark) achievements in scientific research recently. （所给词的适当形式填空）
42．This magazine, (found) in 1981, is one of the most successful and popular magazines. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43．As we are playing, I looked up and saw daddy in the (distant). （所给词的适当形式填空）
44．The direction of the wind is (constant) changing. （所给词的适当形式填空）
45．Do not worry about how (accurate) you speak until you have accumulated plenty of words through listening and reading. （所给词的适当形式填空）
46． is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing. （用适当的词填空）
47．Tom was always speaking highly of his role in the play, of course, made the others unhappy. （用适当的词填空）
48．Many young people, most of were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.(用适当的词填空)
49．We moved on to the north tip of the area, it was blowing hard and snowing. （用适当的词填空）
50．Many lessons are now available online, from students can choose for free. (用适当的词填空)
四、单词拼写
51．The (理论) was so complex that few people could understand it at that time. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
52．With all the information (可得到）, they found the hotel in the mountain easily.
53．It is indeed not easy for her to (获得；赢得) the honor in the foreign country. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
54．He is not only a famous (政治家) but also a great poet. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
55．As soon as the results of the vote were announced, the President acknowledged (失败). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
56．He was a (乡村的) mail carrier, and on Saturdays he would ask me to go with him. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
57．Living in the same courtyard, we (偶遇) each other all the time. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
58．Only when you have a good (掌握) of vocabulary will reading no longer be your obstacle. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
59．The city is dotted with small lakes, natural and (人造的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
60．They thought his behaviour was (反常的) . (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
五、选词填空
选词填空
in addition, keep track of, commit oneself to, graduate from, insist on
61．Now that you know your fitness level, your progress.
62． , he has been devoting himself to improving the quality of the homeless people’s life for years.
63．He walking forward, although he was hungry and tired.
64．I taking care of her pet dog while she was outing.
65．He college and has a PhD．
六、书面表达
66．人工智能（AI）的发展给人们的生活带来了很大的便利，但同时也引起了人们的担忧，因为有人认为AI的发展是危险的。请以“Should we develop AI？”为题写一篇英语短文。内容包括，1、不同的观点及理由；2、你的看法。注意词数不少于100字。
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参考答案
1．A 2．C 3．B
4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A
8．A 9．C 10．A
11．B 12．D 13．G 14．F 15．C
16．A 17．C 18．A 19．B 20．C 21．C 22．D 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．D
31．will be used 32．to live 33．including 34．advanced 35．will be monitoring 36．a 37．potentially 38．from 39．innovations 40．before
41．remarkable
42．founded
43．distance
44．constantly
45．accurately
46．As
47．which
48．whom
49．where
50．which
51．theory
52．available
53．obtain
54．politician
55．failure
56．rural
57．encounter
58．command
59．artificial
60．abnormal
61．keep track of 62．In addition 63．insisted on 64．committed myself to 65．graduated from
66．
Should we develop AI？
There is widespread concern about whether we should accept the development of AI. But people have different opinions on this problem.
Some of them hold the opinion that we should hug AI because we have already benefited quite a lot from it. For instance, our life has become more convenient due to the application of AI. Many apps can be automatically controlled, and some innovations are available to keep track of our health and even give early warnings if there is something abnormal. On the contrary, others hold a different view, They think it’s unnecessary and even dangerous to develop AI. From their point of view, the rising number of car crashes caused by driverless cars provides solid proof for their opposition. From my standpoint, I firmly support the view that we should hug AI. Although there still exist some drawbacks of AI, they are, I think, unavoidable for anything new before it goes to full maturity.