第7讲 冠词
● 高考链接
1.the 考查冠词。固定搭配for the first time意为“第一次”。故填the。
2.the 考查冠词。根据one section 可知,此句为固定搭配“one…the other”,意为“一个……另一个”,所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。
3.a 考查冠词。a touch of “一点儿;少许”为常用搭配,touch“一点儿;少许”常用作单数。故填a。
4.the 考查冠词。空后名词language为可数名词,根据后面used for the medical training instructions可知,此处language表示特指,故填定冠词the。
5.A 考查冠词。此处泛指“他的一个朋友”,用不定冠词,friend的发音以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a,此处位于句首,应大写。故填A。
● 实战演练
Ⅰ.1.the 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel可知,此处特指与环境相关的旅行和探险旅行越来越受欢迎,故填the。
2.a 考查冠词。此处must为可数名词,常用作单数,此处表示泛指。故填a。
3.The 考查冠词。此处the Lincolns表示“林肯一家人”。位于句首,首字母大写。故填The。
4.an 考查冠词。skill是可数名词,此处表示“一种技能”,且important的发音以元音音素开头,需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
5.a 考查冠词。此处是固定搭配a series of“一系列”。故填a。
6.the 考查冠词。“the+形容词”表示一类人或事物,the unknown表示“未知的世界”。故填the。
7.a 考查冠词。此处应用不定冠词表泛指,issue a warning表示“发出警告”。故填a。
8.An 考查冠词。此处是第一次提及event,所以应用不定冠词表泛指。event的发音以元音音素开头,所以应用an。单词位于句首,首字母大写。故填An。
9.a 考查冠词。分析句子可知,way为可数名词,第一次提及,用不定冠词表泛指,且useful是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。
10.a 考查冠词。这里是泛指,表示这种文化仍然是“一个”谜,且mystery是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
Ⅱ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。来自美国、中国、德国及苏格兰的研究人员在贵州发现了极其完整的恐龙化石。
1.scientists 考查名词复数。scientist为可数名词,根据空前的a team of可知,此处用所给名词的复数形式。故填scientists。
2.was found 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语this month可知,此处用一般过去时,又因为find与主语fossil之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,故用被动语态,主语表示单数意义。故填was found。
3.more complete 考查形容词的比较级。根据空前的much及上下文意思可知,此处应用所给形容词的比较级。故填more complete。
4.to study 考查非谓语动词。 allow sb to do sth意为“允许某人做某事”,为固定用法。故填to study。
5.well 考查副词。分析该句成分可知,所填词在此处修饰动词preserved,作状语,故用所给形容词的副词形式well。故填well。
6.development 考查名词。根据该空前的定冠词the可知,所填词为名词,作介词about的宾语,故用所给动词的名词形式development。故填development。
7.to 考查介词。 adapt to意为“适应”,为固定短语。故填to。
8.which 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,该句是一个非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,且先行词为appearance,故用关系代词which。故填which。
9.the 考查冠词。此处的creature特指前面提到的animal,故与定冠词the连用。故填the。
10.feeding 考查非谓语动词。in为介词,故用所给动词的动名词feeding作宾语。故填feeding。/ 第7讲 冠词 /
● 单句填空
1.[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for first time.
2.[2024·浙江1月考] Then, when you use one section, other stays fresh.
3.[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] The meat should be fresh with touch of sweetness and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious.
4.[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Not the pandas, even though language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.
5.[2022·全国甲卷] friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
考点一 不定冠词的使用规则
“a/an+可数名词单数”泛指某一人或某一物。 [温馨提示] 判断用a还是用an的依据是其后单词的发音,而不是字母。以元音音素开头的单词前用an修饰,以辅音音素开头的单词前用a修饰。如:a university student, a unique style, a European writer, an honest boy, an X-ray, an 800-metre-long bridge等。 I met a friend of yours today as I hurried off to work. 今天我匆忙去上班时遇到了你的一位朋友。
序数词前面加不定冠词a/an表示“再一,又一”。 She didn’t like the colours of the two bags and asked for a third one. 她不喜欢这两个包的颜色,又要了一个。
不定冠词a/an用在姓氏和星期名称前表示“某一个,有一个”;也可指与某人或某物有类似性质的人或事物,相当于a certain。 A Mr Li is waiting for you. He seems to be very anxious. 有一位李先生在等你。他似乎很焦急。
不定冠词a/an用在某些抽象名词和物质名词前,表示“一种,一件,一个”等。 What a lovely surprise to see you again! 再次见到你是一件多么令人惊喜的事情啊!
用于固定短语中。 have a gift for有……的天赋;get a lift/ride搭便车;pay a visit to参观;lend sb a hand帮助某人;as a result因此;as a rule通常;in a hurry匆忙地;all of a sudden突然
考点二 定冠词的使用规则
用于表示特指的名词前。 The car parked outside belongs to Mr Robert. 停在外面的那辆车属于罗伯特先生。
用于姓氏名称的复数前,表示“一家人”或“夫妇俩”。 The Smiths lived in the apartment above ours. 史密斯夫妇住在我们楼上的公寓里。
用在世界上独一无二的人或物、自然现象前。 [温馨提示] 这些名词前若有形容词修饰,可以与不定冠词连用,如:a bright moon一轮明月。另外某些物体虽然也是独一无二的,但习惯上不用冠词,如:space太空,nature自然,man人类等。 The moon travels around the earth. 月亮围着地球转。
用在序数词和最高级前。 He was the first to speak against the new plan. 他是第一个发言反对这项新计划的人。
用于表示方位、西洋乐器等名词前。 As far as I know, he likes playing the piano. 据我所知,他喜欢弹钢琴。
(续表)
用于表示某世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前。 in the 1980s
用于固定搭配中。 at the moment此刻,目前;in the end最后,最终; to tell the truth说实话;on the other hand另一方面; by the way顺便说一下;at the same time同时; on the contrary相反;on the whole总的来说; go to the cinema/theatre去看电影/戏剧
考点三 零冠词的使用规则
物质名词和抽象名词都是不可数名词,泛指总称时不用冠词。 Wealth does not always bring happiness. 财富并不总是带来幸福。
表示职位、身份、头衔的名词作表语、补语和同位语。 The professor was assigned headmaster of the school. 这位教授被任命为这所学校的校长。
高考中常见的纯不可数名词,不能与不定冠词连用。 这些词有:baggage,luggage,furniture,health,fun,advice,word(=news),progress,information,luck,wealth(财产)等。
在一些固定短语中常使用零冠词。 at table在吃饭; on purpose故意; lose face丢脸; within reach of在……附近; in case of假如,万一
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Due to growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
2.While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is must to visit!
3. Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
4.Handwriting is important skill that goes beyond communication.
5.They also set up the traffic signals and
series of traffic monitoring equipment.
6.Without courage, we’ll never step into unknown.
7.The weather forecast issued warning about the severe storm expected to hit the area tomorrow.
8. event in my life three or four years ago made me examine my own attitudes towards alternative medicine.
9.You could buy second-hand clothing, too, as useful way to extend the lifespan of items already created.
10.At this point, however, the unique culture that produced these man-made objects remains
mystery.
●Ⅱ 语法填空 [2024·安徽合肥高三联考]
It’s a fitting discovery in the Year of the Dragon: a team of 1. (scientist) has unearthed a surprisingly complete fossil of an ancient animal that looks like a “Loong” because of its snake-like appearance and long neck. The fossil dates back 240 million years and 2.
(find) in the Guizhou Province of southern China this month by a group of researchers from America, China, Germany and Scotland.
While the kind of ancient animal was first identified in 2003, the latest discovery is much 3. (complete) and allows the researchers 4. (study) the strange, prehistoric creature in full for the first time.
“The fossil is so 5. (good) preserved that it will help us build on our existing knowledge of this animal,” Professor Li Chun from the Chinese Academy of Sciences said on Friday. “We hope future research will help us know more about the 6. (develop) of this group of animals, in particular, how the animal with such an extraordinarily long neck adapts 7. the ocean.”
“We are certain that the new discovery will interest the public across the globe due to its striking appearance, 8. reminds us of the mysterious Chinese Dragon,” said Nick Fraser, head of the National Museum of Scotland.
The animal’s neck has 32 separate vertebrae (椎骨)—longer than 9. creature’s body and tail combined—and probably played a key role in 10. (feed) in the ocean, according to the researchers. (共31张PPT)
/ 第7讲 冠词 /
高考链接
考点解读
实战演练
答案速查【听】
单句填空
1.［2024·新课标Ⅰ卷］Further, the Silk Route Garden around the
greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the
ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species
came to Britain for ____ first time.
the
[解析] 考查冠词。固定搭配for the first time意为“第一次”。故填
the。
2.[2024·浙江1月考] Then, when you use one section, ____ other
stays fresh.
the
[解析] 考查冠词。根据one section 可知，此句为固定搭配
“one…the other”，意为“一个……另一个”，所以此处应用定冠词the。
故填the。
3.[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] The meat should be fresh with ___
touch of sweetness and the surrounding soup hot, clear and
delicious.
a
[解析] 考查冠词。a touch of “一点儿;少许”为常用搭配,touch“一点
儿;少许”常用作单数。故填a。
4.[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Not the pandas, even though ____
language used for the medical training instructions is actually
English.
the
[解析] 考查冠词。空后名词language为可数名词,根据后面used for
the medical training instructions可知,此处language表示特指,故填
定冠词the。
5.[2022·全国甲卷] ___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be
his companion during the trip.
A
[解析] 考查冠词。此处泛指“他的一个朋友”,用不定冠词,friend的发
音以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a,此处位于句首,应大写。故填A。
考点一 不定冠词的使用规则
“a/an+可数名词单数”泛指某一人或某一物。 ［温馨提示］ 判断用a还是用an的依据是其后 单词的发音,而不是字母。以元音音素开头的单 词前用an修饰,以辅音音素开头的单词前用a修 饰。如:a university student, a unique style, a European writer, an honest boy, an X-ray, an 800-metre-long bridge等。 I met a friend of
yours today as I
hurried off to work.
今天我匆忙去上班时遇
到了你的一位朋友。
序数词前面加不定冠词a/an表示“再 一,又一”。 She didn't like the colours of
the two bags and asked for a
third one.
她不喜欢这两个包的颜色,又要了
一个。
不定冠词a/an用在姓氏和星期名称前 表示“某一个,有一个”;也可指与某人 或某物有类似性质的人或事物,相当 于a certain。 A Mr Li is waiting for you. He
seems to be very anxious.
有一位李先生在等你。他似乎很
焦急。
续表
不定冠词a/an用在某些抽 象名词和物质名词前,表示 “一种,一件,一个”等。 What a lovely surprise to see you again!
再次见到你是一件多么令人惊喜的事情啊!
用于固定短语中。 have a gift for有……的天赋;get a lift/ride
搭便车;pay a visit to参观;lend sb a hand
帮助某人;as a result因此;as a rule通常;in a
hurry匆忙地;all of a sudden突然
续表
考点二 定冠词的使用规则
用于表示特指的名词前。 The car parked outside belongs to
Mr Robert.
停在外面的那辆车属于罗伯特先生。
用于姓氏名称的复数前,表示 “一家人”或“夫妇俩”。 The Smiths lived in the apartment
above ours.
史密斯夫妇住在我们楼上的公寓里。
用在世界上独一无二的人或物、自然现象 前。 ［温馨提示］这些名词前若有形容词修饰,可 以与不定冠词连用,如:a bright moon一轮明 月。另外某些物体虽然也是独一无二的,但习 惯上不用冠词,如:space太空,nature自然,man 人类等。 The moon travels around
the earth.
月亮围着地球转。
续表
用在序数词和最高级前。 He was the first to speak against the new
plan.
他是第一个发言反对这项新计划的人。
用于表示方位、西洋乐器 等名词前。 As far as I know, he likes playing the
piano.
据我所知,他喜欢弹钢琴。
用于表示某世纪、年代、 时期或朝代的名词前。 in the 1980s
续表
用于固定搭配中。 at the moment此刻,目前;in the end 最后,最
终; to tell the truth说实话;on the other
hand另一方面; by the way顺便说一下;at the
same time同时; on the contrary相反;on the
whole总的来说; go to the cinema/theatre去
看电影/戏剧
续表
考点三 零冠词的使用规则
物质名词和抽象名词都 是不可数名词,泛指总称 时不用冠词。 Wealth does not always bring happiness.
财富并不总是带来幸福。
表示职位、身份、头衔 的名词作表语、补语和 同位语。 The professor was assigned headmaster of
the school.
这位教授被任命为这所学校的校长。
高考中常见的纯不可数 名词,不能与不定冠词连 用。 这些词有:baggage,luggage,furniture,health, fun,advice,word(=news),progress,information,
luck,wealth(财产)等。
在一些固定短语中常使 用零冠词。 at table在吃饭; on purpose故意; lose face丢
脸; within reach of在……附近; in case of假
如,万一
续表
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Due to ____ growing popularity of environmentally-related and
adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified
as ecotourism.
the
[解析] 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填冠词。再结合空格
后growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure
travel可知,此处特指与环境相关的旅行和探险旅行越来越受欢迎,故
填the。
2.While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is ___ must to visit!
a
[解析] 考查冠词。此处must为可数名词,常用作单数,此处表示泛指。
故填a。
3._____ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in
1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
The
[解析] 考查冠词。此处the Lincolns表示“林肯一家人”。位于句首，
首字母大写。故填The。
4.Handwriting is ____ important skill that goes beyond
communication.
an
[解析] 考查冠词。skill是可数名词,此处表示“一种技能”,且important
的发音以元音音素开头,需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
5.They also set up the traffic signals and ___series of traffic
monitoring equipment.
a
[解析] 考查冠词。此处是固定搭配a series of“一系列”。故填a。
6.Without courage, we'll never step into ____ unknown.
the
[解析] 考查冠词。“the+形容词”表示一类人或事物,the unknown表
示“未知的世界”。故填the。
7.The weather forecast issued ___ warning about the severe
storm expected to hit the area tomorrow.
a
[解析] 考查冠词。此处应用不定冠词表泛指，issue a warning表示
“发出警告”。故填a。
8.____ event in my life three or four years ago made me
examine my own attitudes towards alternative medicine.
An
[解析] 考查冠词。此处是第一次提及event,所以应用不定冠词表泛指。
event的发音以元音音素开头,所以应用an。单词位于句首,首字母大
写。故填An。
9.You could buy second-hand clothing, too, as ___ useful way
to extend the lifespan of items already created.
a
[解析] 考查冠词。分析句子可知,way为可数名词,第一次提及,用不定
冠词表泛指,且useful是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。
10.At this point, however, the unique culture that produced
these man-made objects remains ___mystery.
a
[解析] 考查冠词。这里是泛指,表示这种文化仍然是“一个”谜,且
mystery是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
Ⅱ 语法填空［2024·安徽合肥高三联考］
It's a fitting discovery in the Year of the Dragon: a team of
1._________(scientist) has unearthed a surprisingly complete fossil
of an ancient animal that looks like a “Loong” because of its
snake-like appearance and long neck. The fossil dates back 240
million years and 2.___________ (find) in the Guizhou Province
of southern China this month by a group of researchers from
America, China, Germany and Scotland.
scientists
was found
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
While the kind of ancient animal was first identified in 2003,
the latest discovery is much 3._______________(complete) and
allows the researchers 4._________(study) the strange, prehistoric
creature in full for the first time.
more complete
to study
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
“The fossil is so 5._____(good) preserved that it will help us
build on our existing knowledge of this animal,” Professor Li
Chun from the Chinese Academy of Sciences said on Friday.
“We hope future research will help us know more about the
6._____________(develop) of this group of animals, in particular,
how the animal with such an extraordinarily long neck adapts
7.____ the ocean.”
well
development
to
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
“We are certain that the new discovery will interest the
public across the globe due to its striking appearance, 8._______
reminds us of the mysterious Chinese Dragon,” said Nick Fraser,
head of the National Museum of Scotland.
which
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
The animal's neck has 32 separate vertebrae (椎骨)—longer
than 9.____ creature's body and tail combined—and probably
played a key role in 10.________(feed) in the ocean, according
to the researchers.
the
feeding
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。来自美国、中国、德国及苏格
兰的研究人员在贵州发现了极其完整的恐龙化石。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1._________
scientists
[解析] 考查名词复数。scientist为可数名词，根据空前的a team of
可知，此处用所给名词的复数形式。故填scientists。
2.___________
was found
[解析] 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语this
month可知，此处用一般过去时，又因为find与主语fossil之间存在逻
辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态，主语表示单数意义。故填was
found。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3._______________
more complete
[解析] 考查形容词的比较级。根据空前的much及上下文意思可知，
此处应用所给形容词的比较级。故填more complete。
4._________
to study
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。 allow sb to do sth意为“允许某人做某
事”，为固定用法。故填to study。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
5._____
well
[解析] 考查副词。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处修饰动词
preserved，作状语，故用所给形容词的副词形式well。故填well。
6._____________
development
[解析] 考查名词。根据该空前的定冠词the可知，所填词为名词，作
介词about的宾语，故用所给动词的名词形式development。故填
development。
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7.____
to
[解析] 考查介词。 adapt to意为“适应”，为固定短语。故填to。
8._______
which
[解析] 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句是一个非限制性定
语从句，从句中缺少主语，且先行词为appearance，故用关系代词
which。故填which。
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9.____
the
[解析] 考查冠词。此处的creature特指前面提到的animal，故与定冠
词the连用。故填the。
10.________
feeding
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。in为介词，故用所给动词的动名词feeding
作宾语。故填feeding。
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听课手册
语法专题 词法和句法
专题三 不可小觑的小词——冠词、介词、代词
/ 第7讲 冠词 /
高考链接
单句填空
1.the 2.the 3.a 4.the 5.A
实战演练
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.the 2.a 3.The 4.an 5.a 6.the 7.a 8.An 9.a 10.a
Ⅱ 语法填空
1.scientists 2.was found 3.more complete 4.to study
5.well 6.development 7.to 8.which 9.the 10. feeding
