牛津译林版九年级上册Unit 1 Know yourself知识过关第2讲--短语句型（含答案）
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9A第一单元知识过关第2讲--短语句型
一、核心短语分类梳理
（一）并列关系短语
短语 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
both...and... 两者都…… 连接并列主语 / 宾语 / 表语，谓语动词用复数形式 Both Billy and I are free now.Both Tom and his sister like learning about traditional festivals.
not only...but also... 不仅…… 而且…… 连接主语时，谓语动词遵循 “就近原则”；连接其他成分表递进关系 Not only my parents but also I am interested in hiking.Lucy is good at not only singing but also dancing.
neither...nor... 既不…… 也不…… 表否定并列，连接主语时谓语动词 “就近原则” Neither you nor he was chosen as our monitor yesterday.Neither Eric nor I have seen the film.
either...or... 要么…… 要么…… 表选择关系，连接主语时谓语动词 “就近原则” Either you or he is going with me.Either you or your friend can read the only book.
（二）行为动作短语
短语 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
show off 炫耀 后接名词、代词或动名词（show off sth./doing sth.） He is just showing off his new car.Many people love to show off their wealth on the Internet nowadays.
take on challenges 接受挑战 take on 后可接名词（challenge/problem/task 等） We are ready to take on new challenges.He enjoys taking on new challenges in his work.
prepare for 为…… 做准备 后接名词、代词或动名词（prepare for sth./doing sth.） You should prepare for the final exam early.It is important to prepare for the interview in advance.
manage to do sth. 设法做成某事 强调 “克服困难后成功完成”，区别于 “try to do sth.（尽力做，未必成功）” Alice managed to finish the group project on time.With her friends’ help, Mary managed to finish the difficult project.
organize activities 组织活动 organize 后可接具体活动名词（activity/party/trip/sale 等） She organized our class trip to the science museum.The student union needs someone who can organize the New Year party.
praise sb. for sth. 因某事表扬某人 被动结构为 “sb. be praised for sth.” The teacher often praises Mary for her wonderful paintings.Our teacher praised Lily and Tom for their hard work.
fall behind 落后 后接介词 in 表示 “在某方面落后”（fall behind in sth.） We will fall behind if we don’t keep up with social progress.The little boy fell behind his classmates in English.
keep up with 跟上 后接人或事物（keep up with sb./sth.），表 “不落后于” We need to keep up with the pace of social progress.She works hard to keep up with her classmates.
divide...into... 把…… 分成…… 被动结构为 “be divided into” We need to divide the project into small parts for everyone.The class was divided into four groups to discuss the topic.
communicate with sb. 与某人交流 名词形式为 “communication”，常用 “good communication between A and B” Good communication between parents and children solves family problems.We should communicate with our teachers more often.
（三）数量与程度短语
短语 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
in all 总共 用于说明总数，常位于句末 There are 12 star signs in all.There are about 200 teachers in the secondary school in all.
above all 最重要的是 用于强调多个观点中的核心，常位于句首 Above all, we should be honest with others.Above all, we need to finish our homework on time.
after all 毕竟；终究 用于解释原因或让步，常位于句首或句末 He is young after all, so we should help him.Don’t be too strict with her—she is a child after all.
at all 根本（用于否定 / 疑问句） 常与 “not” 搭配（not...at all），表 “完全不” I don’t like the book at all.Do you know how many star signs there are at all
（四）情感态度短语
短语 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 反义词短语为 “be impatient with sb.（对某人没耐心）” My math teacher is very patient with us.As a teacher, you mustn’t be impatient with the children.
be careful with sth. 小心某物 反义词短语为 “be careless with sth.（对某物粗心）” You mustn’t be careless with the books as a library assistant.Be careful with the glass—it’s easy to break.
be confident in sth. 对某事有信心 名词形式为 “confidence”，常用 “have confidence in sth.” His confidence helps him perform well in public speeches.We should be confident in our own abilities.
be good at 擅长…… 后接名词或动名词（be good at sth./doing sth.） Lucy is good at singing and dancing.He is good at playing basketball.
二、核心句型分类梳理
（一）并列句型
句型结构 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
Both A and B + 复数谓语动词 A 和 B 都…… A 和 B 为并列主语，无论 A、B 是单数还是复数，谓语动词均用复数 Both Kitty and I like going hiking.Both Tom and his sister like learning about traditional festivals.
Not only A but also B + 就近谓语动词 不仅 A 而且 B…… 谓语动词的人称和数由 “B” 决定（就近原则），A、B 可为主语、宾语或表语 Not only my parents but also I am interested in hiking.Not only the singer but also her band members will appear at the concert.
Neither A nor B + 就近谓语动词 既不 A 也不 B…… 表否定并列，谓语动词由 “B” 决定（就近原则） Neither you nor he was chosen as monitor.Neither Eric nor I have seen the film.
Either A or B + 就近谓语动词 要么 A 要么 B…… 表选择关系，谓语动词由 “B” 决定（就近原则） Either you or he is going with me.Either you or your friend can read the only book.
（二）宾语从句句型
句型结构 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
疑问词（how long/what/when/where）+ 主语 + 谓语 询问……（时长 / 事物 / 时间 / 地点） 宾语从句必须用 “连接词 + 陈述语序”，不可用疑问语序（即 “连接词 + 主谓”，而非 “连接词 + 谓主”） —Lily, could you tell me how long it takes you to walk to school —About ten minutes.Do you know when we will have our next English test
（That）+ 陈述句 陈述某个事实 引导词 “that” 可省略，从句用陈述语序
（三）It 句型
句型结构 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
It’s + 形容词（adj.）+ to do sth. 做某事是…… 的 “It” 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 “to do sth.”，避免句子头重脚轻 It’s necessary to pay attention to every detail.It’s helpful to keep a diary to improve writing skills.
It is said that + 陈述句 据说…… 固定句式，“that” 引导的从句是真正的主语，“It” 为形式主语 It is said that some people have realized their goals.It is said that the new library will open next month.
It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 某人做某事花费…… 时间 “It” 为形式主语，“sb.” 为人称代词宾格或名词，“时间” 可具体（two hours）或模糊（a long time） It took us about two hours to get to the village.It takes me 30 minutes to finish my homework every evening.
（四）条件句型
句型结构 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
If + 一般现在时（从句），主句 + will/can/ 情态动词 如果……，就会 / 能…… 遵循 “主将从现” 原则：从句用一般现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时或情态动词（can/may/must 等） If you work together, you can turn difficult things into fun ones.If you don’t keep up with the pace, you will fall behind.
（五）比较句型
句型结构 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as 和…… 一样…… 用于同级比较，否定形式为 “not as + 原级 + as”（不如……） His promise is as good as gold.Lucy’s English is not as good as her deskmate’s.
形容词 / 副词比较级 + than 比…… 更…… 单音节词（如 careful）比较级加 “-er”，多音节词（如 carefully）比较级前加 “more” Lucy speaks English more clearly than her deskmate.This storybook is more interesting than that one.
9A Unit 1 Know Yourself 短语与句型配套练习
一、短语填空（选短语，用适当形式填空，每词限用一次）
show off, take on, prepare for, manage to, organize, praise for, fall behind, keep up with, divide into, communicate with
1. The students are busy ______ the coming English speech contest these days.
2. With the help of her teacher, Mary ______ finish the difficult math problem yesterday.
3. Our class will ______ a charity sale next month to help poor children.
4. Don’t ______ your new phone in front of others—it’s not polite.
5. The young man is brave enough to ______ new challenges in his new job.
6. We should ______ our parents more often so that they can understand our ideas.
7. The teacher ______ Tom ______ his excellent performance in the exam.
8. If you don’t study hard, you will ______ your classmates soon.
9. The teacher asked us to ______ the class ______ four groups to discuss the topic.
10. It’s important to ______ the latest news if you want to know more about the world.
二、句型转换（按要求改写句子，每空一词）
1. Tom likes playing football. His brother likes playing football too.（用 both...and... 合并）
______ Tom ______ his brother ______ playing football.
Lucy is good at singing. Lucy is good at dancing too.（用 not only...but also... 合并）
Lucy is good at ______ ______ singing ______ ______ dancing.
He will finish the work in two days.（对划线部分提问，用 how soon 引导宾语从句）
Do you know ______ ______ he ______ ______ the work
It’s necessary to learn English well.（用 It’s + adj. + to do 句型改写，保持句意）
______ ______ necessary ______ ______ English well.
We work hard. We will pass the exam.（用 if 连接，构成条件句）
______ we ______ hard, we ______ ______ the exam.
He didn’t buy a pen. He didn’t buy a pencil either.（用 neither...nor... 合并）
He bought ______ a pen ______ a pencil.
三、句型运用（完形填空，选择合适的选项补全短文，每空一词）
Last term, our school held an “English Culture Week”. Everyone was excited because we could learn a lot about English culture.
At first, no one knew how to plan it well. But our monitor said, “______ (1) (Both we and our teacher / Not only we but also our teacher) can help. We have ideas, and the teacher has experience.” Finally, we decided to divide the work: some students prepared English songs, and others designed posters.
During the week, we had many activities. ______ (2) (Either you could watch English films / You could either watch English films) or join the speech competition. I chose to join the speech competition. At first, I was nervous, but my friend told me, “______ (3) (It’s important to be confident / To be confident is important) in yourself.” With her encouragement, I practiced hard and ______ (4) (managed to win / tried to win) third prize. Our teacher ______ (5) (praised me for / praised me with) my hard work.
This experience taught me that ______ (6) (if we work together /we work together if) , we can do better. Now I know how to use phrases like “not only...but also...” and 句型 like “It’s + adj. + to do sth.” in real life.
四、句型判断（判断下列句子中短语或句型使用是否正确，正确写 “T”，错误写 “F” 并改正）
1. Neither you nor he are interested in this book.（ ）
改正：________________________________________________
2. It’s important practice speaking English every day.（ ）
改正：________________________________________________
3. Not only my friends but also I likes playing basketball.（ ）
改正：________________________________________________
4. If it will rain tomorrow, we will stay at home.（ ）
改正：________________________________________________
5. She is good at not only dance but also sing.（ ）
改正：________________________________________________
参考答案
一、短语填空
1. preparing for 2. managed to 3. organize 4. show off 5. take on
2. communicate with 7. praised; for 8. fall behind 9. divide; into 10. keep up with
二、句型转换
1. Both; and; like 2. not only; but also 3. how soon; will finish 4. It is; to learn
2. If; work; will pass 6. neither; nor
三、句型运用
1. Not only we but also our teacher 2. You could either watch English films
2. It’s important to be confident 4. managed to win 5. praised me for 6. if we work together
四、句型判断
1. F；Neither you nor he is interested in this book.（neither...nor... 连接主语，谓语就近，he 为单数，用 is）
2. F；It’s important to practice speaking English every day.（It’s + adj. + to do sth.，加 to）
3. F；Not only my friends but also I like playing basketball.（not only...but also... 连接主语，谓语就近，I 为第一人称，用 like）
4. F；If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（if 条件句，主将从现，从句用一般现在时 rains）
5. F；She is good at not only dancing but also singing.（be good at 后接动名词，dance→dancing，sing→singing）
一、核心短语分类梳理
（一）并列关系短语
短语 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
both...and... 两者都…… 连接并列主语 / 宾语 / 表语，谓语动词用复数形式 Both Billy and I are free now.Both Tom and his sister like learning about traditional festivals.
not only...but also... 不仅…… 而且…… 连接主语时，谓语动词遵循 “就近原则”；连接其他成分表递进关系 Not only my parents but also I am interested in hiking.Lucy is good at not only singing but also dancing.
neither...nor... 既不…… 也不…… 表否定并列，连接主语时谓语动词 “就近原则” Neither you nor he was chosen as our monitor yesterday.Neither Eric nor I have seen the film.
either...or... 要么…… 要么…… 表选择关系，连接主语时谓语动词 “就近原则” Either you or he is going with me.Either you or your friend can read the only book.
（二）行为动作短语
短语 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
show off 炫耀 后接名词、代词或动名词（show off sth./doing sth.） He is just showing off his new car.Many people love to show off their wealth on the Internet nowadays.
take on challenges 接受挑战 take on 后可接名词（challenge/problem/task 等） We are ready to take on new challenges.He enjoys taking on new challenges in his work.
prepare for 为…… 做准备 后接名词、代词或动名词（prepare for sth./doing sth.） You should prepare for the final exam early.It is important to prepare for the interview in advance.
manage to do sth. 设法做成某事 强调 “克服困难后成功完成”，区别于 “try to do sth.（尽力做，未必成功）” Alice managed to finish the group project on time.With her friends’ help, Mary managed to finish the difficult project.
organize activities 组织活动 organize 后可接具体活动名词（activity/party/trip/sale 等） She organized our class trip to the science museum.The student union needs someone who can organize the New Year party.
praise sb. for sth. 因某事表扬某人 被动结构为 “sb. be praised for sth.” The teacher often praises Mary for her wonderful paintings.Our teacher praised Lily and Tom for their hard work.
fall behind 落后 后接介词 in 表示 “在某方面落后”（fall behind in sth.） We will fall behind if we don’t keep up with social progress.The little boy fell behind his classmates in English.
keep up with 跟上 后接人或事物（keep up with sb./sth.），表 “不落后于” We need to keep up with the pace of social progress.She works hard to keep up with her classmates.
divide...into... 把…… 分成…… 被动结构为 “be divided into” We need to divide the project into small parts for everyone.The class was divided into four groups to discuss the topic.
communicate with sb. 与某人交流 名词形式为 “communication”，常用 “good communication between A and B” Good communication between parents and children solves family problems.We should communicate with our teachers more often.
（三）数量与程度短语
短语 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
in all 总共 用于说明总数，常位于句末 There are 12 star signs in all.There are about 200 teachers in the secondary school in all.
above all 最重要的是 用于强调多个观点中的核心，常位于句首 Above all, we should be honest with others.Above all, we need to finish our homework on time.
after all 毕竟；终究 用于解释原因或让步，常位于句首或句末 He is young after all, so we should help him.Don’t be too strict with her—she is a child after all.
at all 根本（用于否定 / 疑问句） 常与 “not” 搭配（not...at all），表 “完全不” I don’t like the book at all.Do you know how many star signs there are at all
（四）情感态度短语
短语 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 反义词短语为 “be impatient with sb.（对某人没耐心）” My math teacher is very patient with us.As a teacher, you mustn’t be impatient with the children.
be careful with sth. 小心某物 反义词短语为 “be careless with sth.（对某物粗心）” You mustn’t be careless with the books as a library assistant.Be careful with the glass—it’s easy to break.
be confident in sth. 对某事有信心 名词形式为 “confidence”，常用 “have confidence in sth.” His confidence helps him perform well in public speeches.We should be confident in our own abilities.
be good at 擅长…… 后接名词或动名词（be good at sth./doing sth.） Lucy is good at singing and dancing.He is good at playing basketball.
二、核心句型分类梳理
（一）并列句型
句型结构 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
Both A and B + 复数谓语动词 A 和 B 都…… A 和 B 为并列主语，无论 A、B 是单数还是复数，谓语动词均用复数 Both Kitty and I like going hiking.Both Tom and his sister like learning about traditional festivals.
Not only A but also B + 就近谓语动词 不仅 A 而且 B…… 谓语动词的人称和数由 “B” 决定（就近原则），A、B 可为主语、宾语或表语 Not only my parents but also I am interested in hiking.Not only the singer but also her band members will appear at the concert.
Neither A nor B + 就近谓语动词 既不 A 也不 B…… 表否定并列，谓语动词由 “B” 决定（就近原则） Neither you nor he was chosen as monitor.Neither Eric nor I have seen the film.
Either A or B + 就近谓语动词 要么 A 要么 B…… 表选择关系，谓语动词由 “B” 决定（就近原则） Either you or he is going with me.Either you or your friend can read the only book.
（二）宾语从句句型
句型结构 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
疑问词（how long/what/when/where）+ 主语 + 谓语 询问……（时长 / 事物 / 时间 / 地点） 宾语从句必须用 “连接词 + 陈述语序”，不可用疑问语序（即 “连接词 + 主谓”，而非 “连接词 + 谓主”） —Lily, could you tell me how long it takes you to walk to school —About ten minutes.Do you know when we will have our next English test
（That）+ 陈述句 陈述某个事实 引导词 “that” 可省略，从句用陈述语序
（三）It 句型
句型结构 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
It’s + 形容词（adj.）+ to do sth. 做某事是…… 的 “It” 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 “to do sth.”，避免句子头重脚轻 It’s necessary to pay attention to every detail.It’s helpful to keep a diary to improve writing skills.
It is said that + 陈述句 据说…… 固定句式，“that” 引导的从句是真正的主语，“It” 为形式主语 It is said that some people have realized their goals.It is said that the new library will open next month.
It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 某人做某事花费…… 时间 “It” 为形式主语，“sb.” 为人称代词宾格或名词，“时间” 可具体（two hours）或模糊（a long time） It took us about two hours to get to the village.It takes me 30 minutes to finish my homework every evening.
（四）条件句型
句型结构 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
If + 一般现在时（从句），主句 + will/can/ 情态动词 如果……，就会 / 能…… 遵循 “主将从现” 原则：从句用一般现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时或情态动词（can/may/must 等） If you work together, you can turn difficult things into fun ones.If you don’t keep up with the pace, you will fall behind.
（五）比较句型
句型结构 中文含义 用法提示 单元例句
as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as 和…… 一样…… 用于同级比较，否定形式为 “not as + 原级 + as”（不如……） His promise is as good as gold.Lucy’s English is not as good as her deskmate’s.
形容词 / 副词比较级 + than 比…… 更…… 单音节词（如 careful）比较级加 “-er”，多音节词（如 carefully）比较级前加 “more” Lucy speaks English more clearly than her deskmate.This storybook is more interesting than that one.
9A Unit 1 Know Yourself 短语与句型配套练习
一、短语填空（选短语，用适当形式填空，每词限用一次）
show off, take on, prepare for, manage to, organize, praise for, fall behind, keep up with, divide into, communicate with
1. The students are busy ______ the coming English speech contest these days.
2. With the help of her teacher, Mary ______ finish the difficult math problem yesterday.
3. Our class will ______ a charity sale next month to help poor children.
4. Don’t ______ your new phone in front of others—it’s not polite.
5. The young man is brave enough to ______ new challenges in his new job.
6. We should ______ our parents more often so that they can understand our ideas.
7. The teacher ______ Tom ______ his excellent performance in the exam.
8. If you don’t study hard, you will ______ your classmates soon.
9. The teacher asked us to ______ the class ______ four groups to discuss the topic.
10. It’s important to ______ the latest news if you want to know more about the world.
二、句型转换（按要求改写句子，每空一词）
1. Tom likes playing football. His brother likes playing football too.（用 both...and... 合并）
______ Tom ______ his brother ______ playing football.
Lucy is good at singing. Lucy is good at dancing too.（用 not only...but also... 合并）
Lucy is good at ______ ______ singing ______ ______ dancing.
He will finish the work in two days.（对划线部分提问，用 how soon 引导宾语从句）
Do you know ______ ______ he ______ ______ the work
It’s necessary to learn English well.（用 It’s + adj. + to do 句型改写，保持句意）
______ ______ necessary ______ ______ English well.
We work hard. We will pass the exam.（用 if 连接，构成条件句）
______ we ______ hard, we ______ ______ the exam.
He didn’t buy a pen. He didn’t buy a pencil either.（用 neither...nor... 合并）
He bought ______ a pen ______ a pencil.
三、句型运用（完形填空，选择合适的选项补全短文，每空一词）
Last term, our school held an “English Culture Week”. Everyone was excited because we could learn a lot about English culture.
At first, no one knew how to plan it well. But our monitor said, “______ (1) (Both we and our teacher / Not only we but also our teacher) can help. We have ideas, and the teacher has experience.” Finally, we decided to divide the work: some students prepared English songs, and others designed posters.
During the week, we had many activities. ______ (2) (Either you could watch English films / You could either watch English films) or join the speech competition. I chose to join the speech competition. At first, I was nervous, but my friend told me, “______ (3) (It’s important to be confident / To be confident is important) in yourself.” With her encouragement, I practiced hard and ______ (4) (managed to win / tried to win) third prize. Our teacher ______ (5) (praised me for / praised me with) my hard work.
This experience taught me that ______ (6) (if we work together /we work together if) , we can do better. Now I know how to use phrases like “not only...but also...” and 句型 like “It’s + adj. + to do sth.” in real life.
四、句型判断（判断下列句子中短语或句型使用是否正确，正确写 “T”，错误写 “F” 并改正）
1. Neither you nor he are interested in this book.（ ）
改正：________________________________________________
2. It’s important practice speaking English every day.（ ）
改正：________________________________________________
3. Not only my friends but also I likes playing basketball.（ ）
改正：________________________________________________
4. If it will rain tomorrow, we will stay at home.（ ）
改正：________________________________________________
5. She is good at not only dance but also sing.（ ）
改正：________________________________________________
参考答案
一、短语填空
1. preparing for 2. managed to 3. organize 4. show off 5. take on
2. communicate with 7. praised; for 8. fall behind 9. divide; into 10. keep up with
二、句型转换
1. Both; and; like 2. not only; but also 3. how soon; will finish 4. It is; to learn
2. If; work; will pass 6. neither; nor
三、句型运用
1. Not only we but also our teacher 2. You could either watch English films
2. It’s important to be confident 4. managed to win 5. praised me for 6. if we work together
四、句型判断
1. F；Neither you nor he is interested in this book.（neither...nor... 连接主语，谓语就近，he 为单数，用 is）
2. F；It’s important to practice speaking English every day.（It’s + adj. + to do sth.，加 to）
3. F；Not only my friends but also I like playing basketball.（not only...but also... 连接主语，谓语就近，I 为第一人称，用 like）
4. F；If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（if 条件句，主将从现，从句用一般现在时 rains）
5. F；She is good at not only dancing but also singing.（be good at 后接动名词，dance→dancing，sing→singing）