牛津译林版九年级上册 Unit 1 Know yourself 单元知识过关第3讲 语法精讲精炼（含答案）
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9A第一单元知识过关第3讲--语法精讲精炼
（一）并列连词及并列结构
1. 四大并列结构对比
结构 中文含义 主谓一致规则 用法注意事项 单元例句
both...and... 两者都…… 连接主语时，谓语动词用复数 表肯定并列，不可用于否定句 Both Billy and I are free now.Both Tom and his sister like learning about traditional festivals.
not only...but also... 不仅…… 而且…… 连接主语时，谓语动词 “就近原则”（随后面的主语变化） 表递进关系，可连接主语、宾语、表语或谓语 Not only my parents but also I am interested in hiking.Lucy is good at not only singing but also dancing.
neither...nor... 既不…… 也不…… 连接主语时，谓语动词 “就近原则” 表否定并列，完全否定两者 Neither you nor he was chosen as our monitor.Neither Eric nor I have seen the film.
either...or... 要么…… 要么…… 连接主语时，谓语动词 “就近原则” 表选择关系，选择两者之一 Either you or he is going with me.Either you or your friend can read the only book.
2. 关键提示
“就近原则”：指谓语动词的人称和数由 “but also/neither/or” 后的主语决定，如 “Not only he but also they are late”（谓语随 “they” 用复数）。
否定句中，“both...and...” 需改为 “neither...nor...”，不可说 “both...not...”（如不可说 “Both you and I are not late”，应说 “Neither you nor I am late”）。
（二）宾语从句
1. 核心结构
连接词 + 主语 + 谓语（必须用陈述语序，不可用疑问语序）
连接词 适用场景 用法提示 单元例句
that 陈述事实（如观点、消息） that 可省略 I think (that) Tom is suitable for the student union president.She said (that) helping others makes her happy.
how long 询问 “时长” 后接 “主语 + 谓语”，不可说 “how long does it take” —Could you tell me how long it takes you to walk to school —About ten minutes.
when/where 询问 “时间 / 地点” 同样遵循陈述语序 Do you know when we will have our next English test He asked where the new library would open.
what 询问 “事物” 连接词在从句中可作主语或宾语 She doesn’t know what she should buy for her mom.
3. 关键提示
宾语从句的时态需呼应主句：若主句为过去时（如 said, asked），从句需用过去相关时态（如一般过去时、过去进行时）；若主句为现在时（如 think, know），从句时态随实际情况而定。
不可出现 “连接词 + 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语” 的疑问语序，如错误：“Could you tell me how far is it ”，正确：“Could you tell me how far it is ”。
（三）It 常用句型
1. 三大核心句型
句型结构 中文含义 用法解析 单元例句
It’s + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是…… 的 It 为形式主语，真正主语是后面的 “to do sth.”，避免句子头重脚轻 It’s necessary to pay attention to every detail.It’s helpful to keep a diary to improve writing skills.
It is said that + 陈述句 据说…… 固定句式，that 从句是真正主语，It 仅作形式主语 It is said that some people have realized their goals.It is said that the new park will open next month.
It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 某人做某事花费…… 时间 sb. 为人称代词宾格或名词，时间可具体（two hours）或模糊（a long time） It took us about two hours to get to the village.It takes me 30 minutes to finish homework every evening.
2. 关键提示
It’s + adj. + to do sth. 中，adj. 需能修饰 “做某事” 的性质（如 necessary, important, helpful），不可用 “easy, difficult” 等时需注意语境（如 “It’s easy to learn English”）。
It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 的否定形式为 “It doesn’t take sb. + 时间 + to do sth.”。
（四）条件状语从句
1. 核心结构（主将从现）
If + 一般现在时（从句），主句 + will/can/must + 动词原形（从句表将来条件，用一般现在时；主句表将来结果，用一般将来时或情态动词）
2. 用法提示
从句不可用一般将来时（will + 动词原形），需用一般现在时代替将来时。
若主句为情态动词（can/must/may）或祈使句，从句仍用一般现在时。
3. 单元例句
If you work together, you can turn difficult things into fun ones.
If you don’t keep up with the pace of study, you will fall behind.
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（从句用 rains，不用 will rain）
（五）过去进行时
1. 核心结构
主语 + was/were + 动词 - ing 形式
第一人称 / 第三人称单数 + was doing
第二人称 / 复数主语 + were doing
2. 用法场景
表示 “过去某一特定时刻正在进行的动作”，常与时间标志词 “at that time, this time yesterday, when/while 引导的过去时间句” 搭配。
区别于一般过去时：一般过去时表 “过去完成的动作”，过去进行时表 “过去某时刻正在进行的动作”。
3. 单元例句
—Why didn’t you go to the party last night —Because I was finishing my homework at that time.（at that time 表过去特定时刻）
This time yesterday, she was practicing English songs.（this time yesterday 表过去特定时间点）
（六）主谓一致
1. 核心规则（结合单元重点）
主语类型 主谓一致 单元例句
both...and... 连接的主语 谓语动词用复数 Both Kitty and I like going hiking.
not only...but also.../neither...nor.../either...or... 连接的主语 谓语动词 “就近原则”（随后面的主语变化） Not only my parents but also I am interested in hiking.（随 I 用 am）Neither you nor he is late for class.（随 he 用 is）
单个主语（第三人称单数） 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式（加 - s/-es） He finishes his homework before watching TV every evening.
复数主语 谓语动词用原形 They often go hiking on weekends.
2. 常见易错点
不可因 “not only...but also...” 前的主语是复数，而忽略就近原则（如错误：“Not only my friends but also I likes sports”，正确：“Not only my friends but also I like sports”）。
“a pair of + 复数名词” 作主语时，谓语动词用单数（如 “This pair of shoes fits me well”）。
9A Unit 1 Know Yourself 语法配套练习
一、语法填空（用括号内单词的适当形式或合适的连词填空）
1. Both my brother and I ______ (be) interested in playing table tennis.
2. Not only Tom but also his sister ______ (finish) homework before watching TV every evening.
3. If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, we ______ (not have) the sports meeting.
4. It ______ (take) me 20 minutes to walk to school every day.
5. My mom asked me how long it ______ (take) to finish my math homework.
6. Neither you nor he ______ (be) late for class yesterday—we all arrived on time.
7. This time last night, I ______ (read) a storybook about traditional festivals.
8. It is said that a new park ______ (open) in our city next year.
9. Either you or your deskmate ______ (need) to hand in the report tomorrow.
10. If you ______ (be) more careful, you ______ (not make) so many mistakes in the exam.
二、句型转换（按要求改写句子，每空一词）
1. Tom likes playing basketball. His brother likes playing basketball too.（用 both...and... 合并）______ Tom ______ his brother ______ playing basketball.
2. Lucy is good at singing. Lucy is good at dancing too.（用 not only...but also... 合并）
Lucy is good at ______ ______ singing ______ ______ dancing.
He will finish the project in three days.（对划线部分提问，用 how soon 引导宾语从句）
Do you know ______ ______ he ______ ______ the project
It’s important to learn English well.（用 It’s + adj. + to do sth. 句型改写，保持句意）
______ ______ important ______ ______ English well.
She was reading a book at 8 last night.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ she ______ at 8 last night
If we work hard, we will pass the exam.（改为祈使句开头的条件句）
______ ______ hard, and we will pass the exam.
He asked me, “Where will you go tomorrow ”（改为宾语从句）
He asked me ______ ______ ______ go the next day.
三、单项选择（从每题所给选项中，选出最佳答案）
1. —______ you ______ your sister like playing badminton
—Yes, we often play together on weekends.
A. Do; and B. Do; or C. Does; and D. Does; or
2. Not only my parents but also I ______ interested in hiking. We go hiking every month.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
3. —Do you know ______ the new library will open —Next Monday, I think.
A. when B. where C. why D. how
4. If Tom ______ tomorrow, he will help us with the problem.
A. come B. comes C. will come D. came
5. This time yesterday, I ______ my little sister with her homework.
A. help B. helped C. was helping D. am helping
6. ______ is necessary for us ______ a list of our strengths before the interview.
A. It; make B. It; to make C. That; make D. That; to make
7. Neither you nor he ______ as the class representative last week—you both need to be more active.A. choose B. chooses C. was chosen D. were chosen
四、句子改错（找出下列句子中的语法错误，在错误处画横线并改正）
1. Not only my friends but also I likes playing football after school.
2. If it will snow tomorrow, we will stay at home and watch movies.
3. Could you tell me how far is it from your home to school
4. Both you and your brother is good at playing basketball.
5. This time last Sunday, they play tennis in the park.
五、语法完形填空（阅读短文，用括号内单词的适当形式或合适的连词填空，使短文通顺）
Last month, our class decided to hold a “Grammar Game Day” to make English grammar fun. At first, no one knew how to plan it. But ______ (1) (both Lily and Tom / not only Lily but also Tom) volunteered to help—Lily ______ (2) (is / was) good at organizing activities, and Tom ______ (3) (is / was) good at making games.
They asked everyone to share favorite grammar topics, like “conjunctions” and “past continuous tense”. Then they made games: one game required us ______ (4) (match / to match) sentences with conjunctions, and another asked us ______ (5) (make / to make) sentences with “not only...but also...”.
During the game day, I made a mistake at first—I ______ (6) (use / was using) “and” instead of “but” in a sentence. My deskmate helped me, and I soon got it right. ______ (7) (Though / If) I didn’t win a prize, I still felt happy because I learned a lot.
Our teacher said, “______ (8) (It’s / This is) important to practice grammar in fun ways. And ______ (9) (if / when) you work together, you can do better.” This experience made me understand grammar better, especially how ______ (10) (use / to use) conjunctions and past continuous tense.
参考答案
一、语法填空
1. are（both...and... 连接主语，谓语复数）
2. finishes（not only...but also... 就近，his sister 是第三人称单数）
3. rains; won’t have（主将从现，从句一般现在时，主句一般将来时）
4. takes（It takes sb. time to do sth.，一般现在时）
5. took（主句 asked 是过去时，从句用过去时）
6. was（neither...nor... 就近，he 是单数，yesterday 用过去时）
7. was reading（this time last night 表过去进行时）
8. will open（next year 表将来时）
9. needs（either...or... 就近，your deskmate 是单数）
10. are; won’t make（主将从现，从句一般现在时，主句一般将来时）
二、句型转换
1. Both; and; like
2. not only; but also
3. how soon; will finish
4. It is; to learn
5. What was; doing
6. Work hard（祈使句开头，省略 If you）
7. where I would（宾语从句陈述语序，主句过去时，从句用 would）
三、单项选择
1. A（both...and... 连接主语，疑问句用 Do）
2. A（not only...but also... 就近，I 用 am）
3. A（询问时间，用 when 引导宾语从句）
4. B（主将从现，从句用一般现在时）
5. C（this time yesterday 表过去进行时）
6. B（It’s + adj. + to do sth.，形式主语 It）
7. C（neither...nor... 就近，he 是单数，被动语态 was chosen）
四、句子改错
1. Not only my friends but also I
playing football after school.
改正：likes → like（not only...but also... 就近，I 用 like）
2. If it
tomorrow, we will stay at home and watch movies.
改正：will snow → snows（主将从现，从句用一般现在时）
3. Could you tell me how far
from your home to school
改正：is it → it is（宾语从句用陈述语序）
4. Both you and your brother
good at playing basketball.
改正：is → are（both...and... 连接主语，谓语复数）
5. This time last Sunday, they
tennis in the park.
改正：play → were playing（this time last Sunday 表过去进行时）
五、语法完形填空
1. both Lily and Tom（表两者都，符合语境）
2. was（描述过去的事，用过去时）
3. was（与 Lily 的时态一致，过去时）
4. to match（require sb. to do sth.，固定搭配）
5. to make（ask sb. to do sth.，固定搭配）
6. was using（描述过去游戏时正在发生的动作，过去进行时）
7. Though（表让步 “虽然”，符合语境）
8. It’s（It’s + adj. + to do sth.，形式主语 It）
9. if（表条件 “如果”，符合语境）
10. to use（how to do sth.，疑问词 + 不定式结构）
（一）并列连词及并列结构
1. 四大并列结构对比
结构 中文含义 主谓一致规则 用法注意事项 单元例句
both...and... 两者都…… 连接主语时，谓语动词用复数 表肯定并列，不可用于否定句 Both Billy and I are free now.Both Tom and his sister like learning about traditional festivals.
not only...but also... 不仅…… 而且…… 连接主语时，谓语动词 “就近原则”（随后面的主语变化） 表递进关系，可连接主语、宾语、表语或谓语 Not only my parents but also I am interested in hiking.Lucy is good at not only singing but also dancing.
neither...nor... 既不…… 也不…… 连接主语时，谓语动词 “就近原则” 表否定并列，完全否定两者 Neither you nor he was chosen as our monitor.Neither Eric nor I have seen the film.
either...or... 要么…… 要么…… 连接主语时，谓语动词 “就近原则” 表选择关系，选择两者之一 Either you or he is going with me.Either you or your friend can read the only book.
2. 关键提示
“就近原则”：指谓语动词的人称和数由 “but also/neither/or” 后的主语决定，如 “Not only he but also they are late”（谓语随 “they” 用复数）。
否定句中，“both...and...” 需改为 “neither...nor...”，不可说 “both...not...”（如不可说 “Both you and I are not late”，应说 “Neither you nor I am late”）。
（二）宾语从句
1. 核心结构
连接词 + 主语 + 谓语（必须用陈述语序，不可用疑问语序）
连接词 适用场景 用法提示 单元例句
that 陈述事实（如观点、消息） that 可省略 I think (that) Tom is suitable for the student union president.She said (that) helping others makes her happy.
how long 询问 “时长” 后接 “主语 + 谓语”，不可说 “how long does it take” —Could you tell me how long it takes you to walk to school —About ten minutes.
when/where 询问 “时间 / 地点” 同样遵循陈述语序 Do you know when we will have our next English test He asked where the new library would open.
what 询问 “事物” 连接词在从句中可作主语或宾语 She doesn’t know what she should buy for her mom.
3. 关键提示
宾语从句的时态需呼应主句：若主句为过去时（如 said, asked），从句需用过去相关时态（如一般过去时、过去进行时）；若主句为现在时（如 think, know），从句时态随实际情况而定。
不可出现 “连接词 + 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语” 的疑问语序，如错误：“Could you tell me how far is it ”，正确：“Could you tell me how far it is ”。
（三）It 常用句型
1. 三大核心句型
句型结构 中文含义 用法解析 单元例句
It’s + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是…… 的 It 为形式主语，真正主语是后面的 “to do sth.”，避免句子头重脚轻 It’s necessary to pay attention to every detail.It’s helpful to keep a diary to improve writing skills.
It is said that + 陈述句 据说…… 固定句式，that 从句是真正主语，It 仅作形式主语 It is said that some people have realized their goals.It is said that the new park will open next month.
It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 某人做某事花费…… 时间 sb. 为人称代词宾格或名词，时间可具体（two hours）或模糊（a long time） It took us about two hours to get to the village.It takes me 30 minutes to finish homework every evening.
2. 关键提示
It’s + adj. + to do sth. 中，adj. 需能修饰 “做某事” 的性质（如 necessary, important, helpful），不可用 “easy, difficult” 等时需注意语境（如 “It’s easy to learn English”）。
It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 的否定形式为 “It doesn’t take sb. + 时间 + to do sth.”。
（四）条件状语从句
1. 核心结构（主将从现）
If + 一般现在时（从句），主句 + will/can/must + 动词原形（从句表将来条件，用一般现在时；主句表将来结果，用一般将来时或情态动词）
2. 用法提示
从句不可用一般将来时（will + 动词原形），需用一般现在时代替将来时。
若主句为情态动词（can/must/may）或祈使句，从句仍用一般现在时。
3. 单元例句
If you work together, you can turn difficult things into fun ones.
If you don’t keep up with the pace of study, you will fall behind.
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（从句用 rains，不用 will rain）
（五）过去进行时
1. 核心结构
主语 + was/were + 动词 - ing 形式
第一人称 / 第三人称单数 + was doing
第二人称 / 复数主语 + were doing
2. 用法场景
表示 “过去某一特定时刻正在进行的动作”，常与时间标志词 “at that time, this time yesterday, when/while 引导的过去时间句” 搭配。
区别于一般过去时：一般过去时表 “过去完成的动作”，过去进行时表 “过去某时刻正在进行的动作”。
3. 单元例句
—Why didn’t you go to the party last night —Because I was finishing my homework at that time.（at that time 表过去特定时刻）
This time yesterday, she was practicing English songs.（this time yesterday 表过去特定时间点）
（六）主谓一致
1. 核心规则（结合单元重点）
主语类型 主谓一致 单元例句
both...and... 连接的主语 谓语动词用复数 Both Kitty and I like going hiking.
not only...but also.../neither...nor.../either...or... 连接的主语 谓语动词 “就近原则”（随后面的主语变化） Not only my parents but also I am interested in hiking.（随 I 用 am）Neither you nor he is late for class.（随 he 用 is）
单个主语（第三人称单数） 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式（加 - s/-es） He finishes his homework before watching TV every evening.
复数主语 谓语动词用原形 They often go hiking on weekends.
2. 常见易错点
不可因 “not only...but also...” 前的主语是复数，而忽略就近原则（如错误：“Not only my friends but also I likes sports”，正确：“Not only my friends but also I like sports”）。
“a pair of + 复数名词” 作主语时，谓语动词用单数（如 “This pair of shoes fits me well”）。
9A Unit 1 Know Yourself 语法配套练习
一、语法填空（用括号内单词的适当形式或合适的连词填空）
1. Both my brother and I ______ (be) interested in playing table tennis.
2. Not only Tom but also his sister ______ (finish) homework before watching TV every evening.
3. If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, we ______ (not have) the sports meeting.
4. It ______ (take) me 20 minutes to walk to school every day.
5. My mom asked me how long it ______ (take) to finish my math homework.
6. Neither you nor he ______ (be) late for class yesterday—we all arrived on time.
7. This time last night, I ______ (read) a storybook about traditional festivals.
8. It is said that a new park ______ (open) in our city next year.
9. Either you or your deskmate ______ (need) to hand in the report tomorrow.
10. If you ______ (be) more careful, you ______ (not make) so many mistakes in the exam.
二、句型转换（按要求改写句子，每空一词）
1. Tom likes playing basketball. His brother likes playing basketball too.（用 both...and... 合并）______ Tom ______ his brother ______ playing basketball.
2. Lucy is good at singing. Lucy is good at dancing too.（用 not only...but also... 合并）
Lucy is good at ______ ______ singing ______ ______ dancing.
He will finish the project in three days.（对划线部分提问，用 how soon 引导宾语从句）
Do you know ______ ______ he ______ ______ the project
It’s important to learn English well.（用 It’s + adj. + to do sth. 句型改写，保持句意）
______ ______ important ______ ______ English well.
She was reading a book at 8 last night.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ she ______ at 8 last night
If we work hard, we will pass the exam.（改为祈使句开头的条件句）
______ ______ hard, and we will pass the exam.
He asked me, “Where will you go tomorrow ”（改为宾语从句）
He asked me ______ ______ ______ go the next day.
三、单项选择（从每题所给选项中，选出最佳答案）
1. —______ you ______ your sister like playing badminton
—Yes, we often play together on weekends.
A. Do; and B. Do; or C. Does; and D. Does; or
2. Not only my parents but also I ______ interested in hiking. We go hiking every month.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
3. —Do you know ______ the new library will open —Next Monday, I think.
A. when B. where C. why D. how
4. If Tom ______ tomorrow, he will help us with the problem.
A. come B. comes C. will come D. came
5. This time yesterday, I ______ my little sister with her homework.
A. help B. helped C. was helping D. am helping
6. ______ is necessary for us ______ a list of our strengths before the interview.
A. It; make B. It; to make C. That; make D. That; to make
7. Neither you nor he ______ as the class representative last week—you both need to be more active.A. choose B. chooses C. was chosen D. were chosen
四、句子改错（找出下列句子中的语法错误，在错误处画横线并改正）
1. Not only my friends but also I likes playing football after school.
2. If it will snow tomorrow, we will stay at home and watch movies.
3. Could you tell me how far is it from your home to school
4. Both you and your brother is good at playing basketball.
5. This time last Sunday, they play tennis in the park.
五、语法完形填空（阅读短文，用括号内单词的适当形式或合适的连词填空，使短文通顺）
Last month, our class decided to hold a “Grammar Game Day” to make English grammar fun. At first, no one knew how to plan it. But ______ (1) (both Lily and Tom / not only Lily but also Tom) volunteered to help—Lily ______ (2) (is / was) good at organizing activities, and Tom ______ (3) (is / was) good at making games.
They asked everyone to share favorite grammar topics, like “conjunctions” and “past continuous tense”. Then they made games: one game required us ______ (4) (match / to match) sentences with conjunctions, and another asked us ______ (5) (make / to make) sentences with “not only...but also...”.
During the game day, I made a mistake at first—I ______ (6) (use / was using) “and” instead of “but” in a sentence. My deskmate helped me, and I soon got it right. ______ (7) (Though / If) I didn’t win a prize, I still felt happy because I learned a lot.
Our teacher said, “______ (8) (It’s / This is) important to practice grammar in fun ways. And ______ (9) (if / when) you work together, you can do better.” This experience made me understand grammar better, especially how ______ (10) (use / to use) conjunctions and past continuous tense.
参考答案
一、语法填空
1. are（both...and... 连接主语，谓语复数）
2. finishes（not only...but also... 就近，his sister 是第三人称单数）
3. rains; won’t have（主将从现，从句一般现在时，主句一般将来时）
4. takes（It takes sb. time to do sth.，一般现在时）
5. took（主句 asked 是过去时，从句用过去时）
6. was（neither...nor... 就近，he 是单数，yesterday 用过去时）
7. was reading（this time last night 表过去进行时）
8. will open（next year 表将来时）
9. needs（either...or... 就近，your deskmate 是单数）
10. are; won’t make（主将从现，从句一般现在时，主句一般将来时）
二、句型转换
1. Both; and; like
2. not only; but also
3. how soon; will finish
4. It is; to learn
5. What was; doing
6. Work hard（祈使句开头，省略 If you）
7. where I would（宾语从句陈述语序，主句过去时，从句用 would）
三、单项选择
1. A（both...and... 连接主语，疑问句用 Do）
2. A（not only...but also... 就近，I 用 am）
3. A（询问时间，用 when 引导宾语从句）
4. B（主将从现，从句用一般现在时）
5. C（this time yesterday 表过去进行时）
6. B（It’s + adj. + to do sth.，形式主语 It）
7. C（neither...nor... 就近，he 是单数，被动语态 was chosen）
四、句子改错
1. Not only my friends but also I
playing football after school.
改正：likes → like（not only...but also... 就近，I 用 like）
2. If it
tomorrow, we will stay at home and watch movies.
改正：will snow → snows（主将从现，从句用一般现在时）
3. Could you tell me how far
from your home to school
改正：is it → it is（宾语从句用陈述语序）
4. Both you and your brother
good at playing basketball.
改正：is → are（both...and... 连接主语，谓语复数）
5. This time last Sunday, they
tennis in the park.
改正：play → were playing（this time last Sunday 表过去进行时）
五、语法完形填空
1. both Lily and Tom（表两者都，符合语境）
2. was（描述过去的事，用过去时）
3. was（与 Lily 的时态一致，过去时）
4. to match（require sb. to do sth.，固定搭配）
5. to make（ask sb. to do sth.，固定搭配）
6. was using（描述过去游戏时正在发生的动作，过去进行时）
7. Though（表让步 “虽然”，符合语境）
8. It’s（It’s + adj. + to do sth.，形式主语 It）
9. if（表条件 “如果”，符合语境）
10. to use（how to do sth.，疑问词 + 不定式结构）