Unit 1 Food Matters 重点知识巩固及练习（含答案）-2025-2026学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第一册

选择性必修一unit1 重点知识巩固及练习
词性转化
1.　　　　　　 n. 结合体,联合体;联合,混合→　　　　　　 vt. & vi. (使)结合,混合→　　　　　　 adj. 结合的,联合的,共同的
2.　　　　　　 adv. 贪婪地,贪心地→　　　　　　 adj. 贪婪的→　　　　　 n. 贪婪
3.　　　　　　 adv. 轻柔地,温和地→　　　　　　 adj. 温和的;文静的
4.　　　　　　 n. 联想,联系;协会,社团;联合,交往→　　　　　　 vt. 联想,联系 vi. 交往,(尤指)混在一起→　　　　　　 adj. 有关联的,相关的
5.　　　　　　 vi. (根据情况)变化,变更;相异,不同 vt. 变更,改变→　　　　　　 adj. 各种不同的,各种各样的→　　　　　　 n. (同一事物的)不同种类,多种式样
6.　　　　　　 n. 情感,强烈的感情,激情,情绪→　　　　　　 adj. 激起感情的;感情的
7.　　　　　　 vt. 解除,减轻;缓和,缓解→　　　　　　 n. 轻松,宽慰;救济品→　　　　　　 adj. 感到宽慰的,放心的
8.　　　　　　 n. 安全;保护措施;保安部门;担保,保证→　　　　　　 adj. 安全的;安心的,有把握的;牢靠的 vt. 获得;保护,使安全→　　　　　　 adj. 不安全的,不牢靠的→　　　　　　 n. 不安全;无把握
9.　　　　　　 vt. 产生,引起→　　　　　　 n. 产生;一代人
10.　　　　　　 vt. & vi. 消化;领会,理解 n. 摘要,文摘→　　　　　　 n. 消化
11.　　　　　　 vt. & vi. 使钦佩,给……留下深刻印象;使意识到→　　　　　　 adj. 令人钦佩的,给人以深刻印象的→　　　　　　 n. 印象,感想
12.　　　　　　 adj. 可爱的,讨人喜爱的→　　　　　　 adj. 热爱的,敬慕的,爱慕的→　　　　　　 vt. 热爱,爱慕;喜爱
13.　　　　　　 adj. 不受约束的;未固定牢的;零散的;宽松的;疏松的→　　　　　　 adv. 宽松地,松散地→　　　　　　 vt. 松开;(使)放松,变松
14.　　　　　　 vt. & vi. 增加,扩大;扩展,发展(业务);详谈,详述→　　　　　　 n. 扩大
15.　　　　　　 adj. 数量多的,多样的→　　　　　　 vt. & vi. 成倍增加
16.　　　　　　 vt. 吃,喝,饮;消耗,耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→　　　　　　 n. 消费者,用户,客户→　　　　　　 n. 消费(量);消耗(量)
17.　　　　　　 n. 创造,创新;新思想,新方法→　　　　　　 vt. & vi. 创新,改革→　　　　　　 adj. 引进新思想的,采用新方法的,革新的,创新的
18.　　　　　　 vt. 促进,激发;刺激,使兴奋→　　　　　　 n. 刺激→　　　　　　 adj. 趣味盎然的,激励人的,振奋人心的
19.　　　　　　 n. 强调,重视;重读→　　　　　　 vt. 强调,重视
20.　　　　　　 n. (食品等的)包装材料,包装纸→　　　　　　 vt. 包,裹(礼物等)
21.　　　　　　 n. 混合物;混合,结合→　　　　　　 vi. & vt. (使)混合,融合→　　　　　　 adj. 混合的,混杂的
二、短语
1．________________奏效，起作用，达到目的 2．________________迫切需要
3．________________投身于，热衷于
4．________________好(或美等)得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫
5．________________放任；释放 6．________________使人满意，正合需要
7．________________破碎，破裂；崩溃 8．________________ 更不用说……
9．________________ 参考；涉及；指的是 10．________________弥补
11．________________从……到……不等 12．________________被……盖满；充满着……
13．________________ 全年；一整年 14．________________起飞；脱下；离开；迅速流行
三、课文语法填空
(I)
Whenever I feel unhappy, rice pudding cheers 　1　(I) up.
Rice pudding 　2　(illustrate) the unique power of “comfort food”, which refers to any food 　3　 makes us feel better or makes up for bad feelings by 　4　(help) us recall what we love.
Our comfort foods vary from person to person, depending 　5　our own unique experiences shaping our lives.
The feeling of 　6　(happy) and sense of belonging are important for people who move away from their home country. It is hardest 　7　 (give) up the food that they grow up with. One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our 　8　(culture) roots, giving us the “taste of home” and 　9　(relieve) feelings of homesickness.
Comfort food is not only a bowl of noodles or chicken soup,　10　 food for the soul.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　
(II)
Sichuan hot pots, Nanjing salted duck and Cantonese dim sum are the 　1　(tradition) Chinese foods.
Sichuan hot pots are believed 　2　(invent) in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River　3　(keep) warm during the cold and wet winters. Gradually, it ranges from simple delicious dishes by 　4　(boil)vegetables, chillies and Sichuan peppers in water 　5　 multiple options of soups, vegetables,meats and sauces,appealing to people of different tastes.
Nanjing's most famous food export is salted duck, 　6　 is juicy and salty. 　7　 takes several days to prepare each Nanjing salted duck.A local history book from the late Qing Dynasty praised it, 　8　(say) it was without equal.
In Guangzhou, morning tea is　9　essential part of the daily routine. Today Guangzhou's restaurants stimulate　10　 (customer) appetite with more than a thousand offerings, with each more delicate and delicious.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　
四、七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
A crocodile walk is a type of exercise that uses a person’s body as resistance (阻力). 1 He must then walk on all fours, just like a crocodile. This intense exercise can be difficult, and starting out with short distances is usually recommended.
2 Unlike lifting weights, a person requires no special equipment to do these exercises. A crocodile walk is a type of body weight exercise, and as the names suggests, individuals walk like a crocodile when doing these exercises.
A crocodile walk may seem like a simple exercise, but it can be a bit difficult to master, especially for beginners. To start, a person must move one leg and the opposite arm forward at the same time, then repeat with the opposite side. 3
It is generally recommended that a person start out slowly with this exercise at first. 4 After the exercise becomes easier for him, he can increase the amount of time that he does the walk. Some people also choose to walk a certain distance and increase that distance a little at a time.
Not only does a crocodile walk increase a person’s endurance (耐力) level, it also helps build and tone muscles. The muscles in the arms, legs, and shoulders will benefit from this exercise, since they must support the weight of the body. Another major advantage of a crocodile walk is that it requires no equipment. 5 This means that he does not have to buy expensive weights or pay for a gym membership.
A．This is the starting position for a crocodile walk.
B．To do it, a person must get in a push-up position.
C．All a person requires to this exercise is his own body.
D．This results in the person walking just like a crocodile.
E．Back muscles will also become stronger after performing this exercise.
F．He can do a crocodile walk for several seconds before resting for a few seconds.
G．Bodyweight exercises are ones where a person depends on his own body weight.
五、阅读理解
A
In the 1930s, the first cake mixes (蛋糕粉) which only required water were invented and some people argued that this approach, the easiest, was the best. But others thought cooks would want to do more. The cake-mix argument may be out-dated, but its central question remains: Just how demanding do we want our technologies to be
Then what is a demanding technology Two elements are included: One is that it is technology that takes time to master, and the other is that its operation includes some real risk of failure.
Therefore, a piano is a demanding technology, as is a programming language or a machine system.
However, so-called easy technologies usually require little concentrated effort and produce predictable results. Clearly, easy technologies have remade human society over the past century, but the problem is that, as every individual task becomes easier, we demand much more of both ourselves and others. As a result, we are faced with a larger number of small tasks(writing hundreds of e-mails)instead of fewer difficult tasks (writing several long letters). And, when every task is easy, nearly all people are multitasking (多任务处理).
Easy technologies supposedly free us to focus on what matters, but sometimes what matters gets eliminated. Everyone knows that it is easier to drive to the top of a mountain than to hike; the views may be the same, but the feeling never is. Following the same idea, we develop into beings that can do more. However, we can’t get the same satisfaction as we expect.
I don’t mean that everything needs to be done the hard way. But we must take challenges seriously, or we’ll face the danger of becoming creatures whose lives are less satisfying.
1．What makes demanding technologies different from easy technologies
A．It requires much effort. B．It takes little attention.
C．It achieves intended effect. D．It deals with machines.
2．What is a possible result of easy technologies
A．More time for concentration. B．Writing much longer letters.
C．Lower expectations on others. D．Doing various tasks at a time.
3．What does the underlined word “eliminated” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Noticed. B．Stressed. C．Improved. D．Removed.
4．Which of the following can be the best title of this passage
A．The Argument Over Cake Mixes B．What Is A Demanding Technology
C．The Problem With Easy Technologies D．What Challenges Do Humans Face
B
Honey is a sweet treat that most people take for granted. But it is more than just a topping for cakes or a sweetener for tea. It’s a miracle of sorts.
Honey is the only food product made by an insect that humans eat. Even with all our technical abilities, no one has figured out how to make artificial honey. There’s really no substitute (替代品).
A single pound of honey may require a beehive of up to 60,000 bees to visit two million flowers. No wonder some people call it liquid gold! Although amber-colored clover honey tends to be most common, honey comes in a variety of shades and flavors, depending on the flowers that the bees gather nectar (花蜜) from.
Honey has been used throughout history in a number of ways. One of the most remarkable things about it is that it never goes bad. It may crystallize, meaning that it becomes solid in parts, but simply warming it slightly will melt the crystals and return the honey to its liquid form.
No one knows exactly how long honey has been used by humans, but Spanish cave paintings dated at 7,000BC show early evidence of beckeeping. Honey was also used by the ancient Egyptians as a sweetener, as a gift to the gods, and even as an element used to create mummies. Honey has been found inside the Egyptian pyramids, and although that honey was more than 3,000 years old, it would still taste like honey and be safe to eat. No other food has such lasting power!
Besides its many uses as a sweetener, honey has long been used as a medicinal remedy (疗法). Because it’s difficult for any kind of bacteria (细菌) to survive in honey, it makes a perfect barrier on cuts and can prevent infection. Honey is also an effective remedy to relieve a painful throat. It has even been found to be as effective in easing coughs in children.
The next time a bee flies through your garden or you spread some honey on a piece of toast, think about the miracle of honey.
5．According to the passage, what makes honey unique among the foods that humans eat
A．Its various shades. B．Its natural creation.
C．Its delightful sweetness. D．Its remarkable history.
6．Why does the author mention the honey in the Egyptian pyramids
A．To illustrate that it never goes bad.
B．To show the cleverness of Egyptians.
C．To compare it with the honey in Spain.
D．To inform that it originates from Egypt.
7．What is one of the medicinal uses of honey
A．Promoting bacterial growth.
B．Curing throat pain.
C．Preventing infection in wounds.
D．Resisting common colds.
8．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Honey: a Sweet Miracle of Nature
B．Honey: a Timeless Treasure
C．Honey: a Natural Medicinal Remedy
D．Honey: a Common Sweetener
选择性必修一unit1 重点知识巩固及练习答案
一、词性转化
1. combination; combine; combined 2. greedily;greedy; greed 3. gently; gentle 4.association; associate; associated 5.vary; various; variety 6. emotion; emotional 7. relieve; relief; relieved 8. security; insecurity insecure; secure; 9.generate; generation 10. digest; digestion 11. impress; impressive; impression 12. adorable; adoring; adore 13. loose; loosely; loosen 14. expand; expansion 15. multiple; multiply 16. consume; consumer; consumption 17. innovation; innovate; innovative 18. stimulate; stimulation; stimulating 19. emphasis; emphasize
20. wrapper; wrap21.mixture; mix; mixed
二、短语
1．do the trick奏效，起作用，达到目的 2．cry out for迫切需要
3．throw oneself into投身于，热衷于
4．out of this world好(或美等)得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫 5．let sth.loose放任；释放
6．hit the spot使人满意，正合需要 7．fall apart破碎，破裂；崩溃
8．not to mention 更不用说…… 9．refer to 参考；涉及；指的是
10．make up for弥补 11．vary from...to...从……到……不等
12．be covered with被……盖满；充满着…… 13．all year round 全年；一整年
14．take off 起飞；脱下；离开；迅速流行
三、语法填空
(I)1.me　2.illustrates　3.that　4.helping　5. on/upon　
6. happiness　7.to give　8.cultural　9.relieving　10.but　
(II)1.traditional　2.to have been invented　3.to keep　4.boiling　5.to　
which　7.It　8. saying　9.an　10.customers'　
七选五
1．B 2．G 3．D 4．F 5．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种名为“鳄鱼行走”的锻炼方式，它利用人的身体作为阻力进行锻炼。
1．上文“A crocodile walk is a type of exercise that uses a person’s body as resistance (阻力).(鳄鱼行走是一种利用人体作为阻力的运动)”说明鳄鱼行走是一种运动，B项“To do it, a person must get in a push-up position.(要做到这一点，一个人必须摆出俯卧撑的姿势)”说明做鳄鱼行走这种运动需要摆出俯卧撑的姿势，其中it指代上文的“A crocodile walk”，符合语境。故选B项。
2．下文“Unlike lifting weights, a person requires no special equipment to do these exercises. A crocodile walk is a type of bodyweight exercise, and as the names suggests, individuals walk like a crocodile when doing these exercises.(与举重不同，一个人不需要特殊的设备来做这些运动。鳄鱼行走是一种自重运动，顾名思义，当人们做这些运动时，他们会像鳄鱼一样行走)”说明鳄鱼行走是一种自重运动，不需要特殊的设备，G项“Bodyweight exercises are ones where a person depends on his own body weight.(自重运动是指一个人依靠自己体重的运动)”说明什么是自重运动，下文是对G项的举例说明，符合语境。故选G项。
3．上文“To start, a person must move one leg and the opposite arm forward at the same time, then repeat with the opposite side.(首先，一个人必须同时移动一条腿和另一侧的手臂向前，然后在另一侧重复)”说明鳄鱼行走的动作，D项“This results in the person walking just like a crocodile.(这导致这个人走路就像鳄鱼一样)”说明鳄鱼行走的动作带来的结果是这个人走路就像鳄鱼一样，其中“walking just like a crocodile”呼应上文的“walk like a crocodile”，符合语境。故选D项。
4．上文“It is generally recommended that a person start out slowly with this exercise at first.(一般建议一个人一开始要慢慢开始这项运动)”说明一开始要慢慢开始这项运动，F项“He can do a crocodile walk for several seconds before resting for a few seconds.(他可以先走几秒钟的鳄鱼步，然后休息几秒钟)”说明慢慢开始这项运动的具体做法，符合语境。故选F项。
5．上文“Another major advantage of a crocodile walk is that it requires no equipment.(鳄鱼行走的另一个主要优点是它不需要任何设备)”说明鳄鱼行走不需要任何设备，C项“All a person requires to this exercise is his own body.(一个人做这项运动所需要的只是他自己的身体)”说明做鳄鱼行走只需要自己的身体，是对上文的进一步说明，符合语境。故选C项。
阅读理解
1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了要求高的技术包含的要素，以及简单技术面临的问题。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Then what is a demanding technology Two elements are included: One is that it is technology that takes time to master, and the other is that its operation includes some real risk of failure.(那么什么是要求高的技术呢？其中包括两个因素：一是技术需要时间来掌握，另一个是它的操作包含一些真正的失败风险)”以及第三段“Therefore, a piano is a demanding technology, as is a programming language or a machine system.(因此，钢琴是一项要求很高的技术，就像编程语言或机器系统一样)”可知，要求高的技术与简单的技术不同，是由于要求高的技术需要很多的努力。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“And, when every task is easy, nearly all people are multitasking (多任务处理).(而且，当每个任务都很容易时，几乎所有的人都在多任务处理)”可知，简单技术可能带来的结果是一次做多个不同的任务。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据第四段“And, when every task is easy, nearly all people are multitasking (多任务处理).(而且，当每个任务都很容易时，几乎所有的人都在多任务处理)”以及划线词上文“Easy technologies supposedly free us to focus on what matters, but sometimes what matters gets”中but表示转折，说明简单的技术本应使我们能够专注于重要的事情，但有时重要的事情却被移除了。推测划线词意思是“移除”，与Removed意义相近。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Clearly, easy technologies have remade human society over the past century, but the problem is that, as every individual task becomes easier, we demand much more of both ourselves and others. As a result, we are faced with a larger number of small tasks(writing hundreds of e-mails)instead of fewer difficult tasks (writing several long letters). And, when every task is easy, nearly all people are multitasking (多任务处理). (显然，在过去的一个世纪里，简单的技术重塑了人类社会，但问题是，随着每一项个人任务变得更容易，我们对自己和他人的要求都要高得多。因此，我们面临的是更多的小任务（写数百封电子邮件），而不是更少的困难任务（写几封长信）。而且，当每一项任务都很容易的时候，几乎所有的人都在多任务处理)”、第五段“Easy technologies supposedly free us to focus on what matters, but sometimes what matters gets eliminated. (简单的技术本可以让我们专注于重要的事情，但有时重要的事情会被移除)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了要求高的技术包含的要素，以及简单技术面临的问题，C选项“简单技术的问题”最符合作为文章标题。故选C。
5．B 6．A 7．C 8．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了蜂蜜不只是一种常见的甜味剂，更是一种堪称奇迹的自然产物。通过介绍蜂蜜是由昆虫制造的唯一性、获取过程的不易、在历史长河中的多样用途以及在医学方面的诸多功效等内容，突出强调了蜂蜜的独特价值，呼吁人们重新认识并重视蜂蜜这种来自大自然的“甜蜜奇迹”。
5．细节理解题，根据第二段“Honey is the only food product that humans cat that is made by an insect. Even with all our technical abilities, no one has figured out how to make artificial honey. There’s really no substitute (替代品). (蜂蜜是人类食用的唯一一种由昆虫制造的食品。即使我们拥有所有的技术能力，也没有人想出如何制造人造蜂蜜。真的没有替代品。)”可知，蜂蜜是人类食用的唯一由昆虫制造的食物产品，这是它在人类所食用的食物中独一无二的地方，即它的天然形成方式。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Honey was also used by the ancient Egyptians as a sweetener, as a gift to the gods, and even as an element used to create mummies. Honey has been found inside the Egyptian pyramids, and although that honey was more than 3,000 years old, it would still taste like honey and be safe to eat. No other food has such lasting power! (蜂蜜也被古埃及人用作甜味剂、送给神的礼物，甚至用作制作木乃伊的元素。在埃及金字塔内发现了蜂蜜，虽然这种蜂蜜已有3,000多年的历史，但它的味道仍然像蜂蜜，可以安全食用。没有其他食物具有如此持久的力量！)”可知，作者提到埃及金字塔里的蜂蜜是为了说明蜂蜜不会变质的这一特性，即便过了三千多年，它尝起来还是蜂蜜的味道且能安全食用，其他食物没有这种持久的特性。故选A项。
7．细节理解题。根据第六段中“Because it’s difficult for any kind of bacteria (细菌) to survive in honey, it makes a perfect barrier on cuts and can prevent infection. (因为任何种类的细菌都很难在蜂蜜中生存，所以它在切口上形成了完美的屏障，可以防止感染。)”可知，蜂蜜的药用用途之一是它能在伤口上形成一道屏障，防止感染。故选C项。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Honey is a sweet treat that most people take for granted. But it is more than just a topping for cakes or a sweetener for tea. It’s a miracle of sorts. (蜂蜜是一种大多数人认为理所当然的甜食。但它不仅仅是蛋糕的配料或茶的甜味剂。它在某种程度上是一个奇迹。)”可知，蜂蜜不只是人们习以为常的用于蛋糕或茶的东西，而是一种奇迹般的存在，结合最后一段“The next time a bee flies through your garden or you spread some honey on a piece of toast, think about the miracle of honey. (下次蜜蜂飞过您的花园或您在吐司上涂抹一些蜂蜜时，想想蜂蜜的奇迹。)”再次呼吁人们在看到蜜蜂或食用蜂蜜时思考蜂蜜的奇迹之处。综合全文，都是围绕蜂蜜是大自然赋予的一种甜蜜奇迹来展开叙述的，A项“Honey: a Sweet Miracle of Nature”最能概括文章主旨。故选A项。