牛津译林版九年级上册Unit 3 Teenage problems知识过关第3讲--语法精讲精练
文档属性
| 名称 | 牛津译林版九年级上册Unit 3 Teenage problems知识过关第3讲--语法精讲精练 |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 34.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-10-04 21:32:13 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
9A第三单元知识过关第3讲--语法精讲精练
一、语法复习清单
（一）反身代词
1. 语法结构（人称对应表）
人称代词主格 反身代词 中文释义
I myself 我自己
you（单数） yourself 你自己
you（复数） yourselves 你们自己
he himself 他自己
she herself 她自己
they themselves 他们 / 她们自己
we ourselves 我们自己
2. 核心用法
主语与宾语指代同一人：强调 “独自做某事”，常见搭配贴合青少年生活（自学、照顾自己等）。
固定搭配：teach oneself sth（自学某事）、learn sth by oneself（自学某事）、take care of oneself（照顾自己）、help oneself to sth（随便吃 / 用某物）。
3. 语境例句
Teens should learn to take care of themselves when parents are busy.（父母忙时，青少年应学会照顾自己。）
He taught himself to solve math problems instead of asking for help immediately.（他自学解数学题，而非立刻求助。）
Help yourselves to the snacks, kids—don’t be shy.（孩子们，随便吃点零食，别害羞。）
（二）疑问词 + 不定式（wh- + to do）
1. 语法结构（常用疑问词）
疑问词 功能 示例结构
who 询问 “人” who to ask（该问谁）
what 询问 “事物 / 内容” what to do（该做什么）
how 询问 “方式 / 方法” how to solve（该如何解决）
when 询问 “时间” when to start（该何时开始）
where 询问 “地点” where to go（该去哪里）
2. 核心用法
用于 “不确定该做某事的具体对象 / 方式”，常见于青少年表达 “学习困惑”“问题求助” 场景，常与wonder“don’t know” 搭配。
3. 语境例句（贴合 “青少年问题”）
I’m wondering who to ask for advice on my homework.（我想知道该向谁求助作业问题。）
She doesn’t know how to balance study and hobbies.（她不知道该如何平衡学习和爱好。）
Do you have any idea what to do when feeling stressed （你知道感到有压力时该做什么吗？）
（三）宾语从句
1. 语法结构（三大类引导词）
引导词类型 常用引导词 功能 语序要求
that that（可省略） 陈述事实 陈述语序（主谓不倒装）
if/whether if, whether 询问 “是否” 陈述语序
wh - 类 what, who, how, when 询问 “人 / 事 / 方式 / 时间” 陈述语序
2. 核心用法
青少年与他人交流时表达 “疑问”“不确定”，如询问考试时间、求助学习方法、表达对未来的困惑。
易错点：无论主句是疑问还是陈述，从句必须用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。
3. 语境例句（贴合 “青少年问题”）
Do you know if we will have an English test next week （你知道我们下周是否有英语测试吗？）
He asked his teacher how he could improve his listening skills （他问老师如何能提高听力技巧。）
My mom told me that it’s important to get enough sleep （妈妈告诉我充足睡眠很重要。）
（四）词性转换
1. 四大类高频转换
转换类型 词根（词性） 变形（词性） 中文释义 语境例句（青少年场景）
名词→形容词 care (n./v.) careful (adj.) 仔细的 Be careful when doing homework to avoid mistakes.
形容词→副词 careful (adj.) carefully (adv.) 仔细地 He reads English carefully to catch key words.
动词→名词 develop (v.) development (n.) 发展；培养 The development of social skills helps make friends.
名词→名词（派生词） science (n.) scientist (n.) 科学家 A scientist once said mistakes are chances to learn.
形容词→名词 confident (adj.) confidence (n.) 自信 Joining the club helped her build confidence.
动词→名词 achieve (v.) achievement (n.) 成就 Winning the competition was a big achievement for him.
2. 核心后缀（-er/-or/-ist/-ness）
后缀 功能 词根→派生词（示例）
-er 表 “做某事的人” learn → learner（学习者）
-or 表 “职业 / 身份” invent → inventor（发明家）
-ist 表 “某领域专家” science → scientist（科学家）
-ness 表 “抽象名词（性质）” sad → sadness（悲伤）
（五）非谓语动词（to do & doing）
1. 两大形式核心用法
非谓语形式 常见搭配动词 / 短语 功能 语境例句（青少年场景）
to do advise sb to do（建议某人做） 表 “目的 / 建议 / 动作” The counselor advised me to talk to my parents.
in order to do（为了做） 表 “目的” I stay up late in order to finish homework.
find it + adj + to do（发现做某事…） 表 “感受” She found it difficult to make new friends.
doing practise doing（练习做） 表 “动作的持续 / 习惯” You should practise speaking English every day.
suggest doing（建议做） 表 “建议” My teacher suggested reading more articles.
spend time (in) doing（花费时间做） 表 “花费时间” He spends 30 minutes reading every evening.
（六）情态动词（mustn’t/shouldn’t/could）
1. 三大情态动词用法对比
情态动词 核心含义 语气强度 语境例句（青少年场景）
mustn’t 禁止；不允许 最强 You mustn’t play with fire—it’s dangerous.
shouldn’t 不应该；建议 “不要做” 较弱 You shouldn’t worry too much about exams.
could 1. 过去的能力；2. 委婉请求 温和 1. He could swim fast when he was 10.2. Could you help me with my homework
2. 核心区别（易错点）
mustn’t ≠ needn’t：mustn’t表 “禁止”（绝对不能做），needn’t表 “不必”（没必要做）。
例句：You needn’t finish it today, but you mustn’t copy others’ work.（你不必今天完成，但绝对不能抄别人的作业。）
（七）单元固定句型
句型结构 中文释义 功能 语境例句（青少年场景）
It takes sb + 时间 + to do sth 某人花费… 时间做某事 表 “时间消耗” It took her half an hour to work out the math problem.
find it + adj + to do sth 发现做某事是… 的 表 “主观感受” He found it easy to understand the grammar rule.
It’s necessary for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是必要的 表 “建议 / 必要性” It’s necessary for teens to communicate with parents.
be worth doing sth 值得做某事 表 “价值” This English movie is worth watching—it helps with listening.
二、配套语法练习
（一）反身代词专项（每空 1 分，共 10 分）
1. 根据句意填入合适的反身代词
(1) The little girl taught ______ (she) to play the guitar last year—no one helped her.
(2) We should learn to take care of ______ (we) when our parents are busy with work.
(3) —Help ______ (you) to some fruit, boys! —Thank you, Mrs Li.
(4) He is old enough to dress ______ (he) now—he doesn’t need his mom’s help.
(5) Teens should not always depend on others; they can solve problems by ______ (they).
2. 同义句转换（每空一词）
(1) She learned English by herself.She taught ______ ______.
(2) We took care of the little boy when his parents were away.We looked after the little boy by ______.
（二）宾语从句专项（每空 1 分，共 12 分）
1. 用合适的引导词填空（that/if/what/how）
(1) Do you know ______ we will have a class meeting this Friday
(2) He asked his friend ______ he could borrow a dictionary.
(3) My teacher told me ______ it’s important to review knowledge regularly.
(4) Could you tell me ______ I can improve my spoken English
2. 改正下列句子的语序错误（每句 1 处错）
(1) I wonder what is his favorite subject.
改正：________________________________________________
Do you know how can we deal with stress
改正：________________________________________________
（三）词性转换专项（每空 1 分，共 15 分）
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，使句子贴合青少年场景。
It’s important for us to pay attention to our ______ (safe) when going out alone.
This storybook is so ______ (interest) that all students want to read it.
His ______ (develop) of time management skills helped him study better.
You need to do your homework ______ (care) to avoid silly mistakes.
The ______ (science) gave a speech about “how to learn from mistakes” at our school.
After practicing a lot, she became more ______ (confident) in speaking in public.
His ______ (achieve) in math won him a prize in the school competition.
Don’t be ______ (worry) about the exam—just try your best.
She speaks English ______ (correct) because she practises every day.
(10) The ______ (decide) to join the drama club made her life more colorful.
（四）非谓语动词专项（每空 1 分，共 13 分）
1. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空（to do/doing）
(1) The teacher advised us ______ (go over) our notes before the test.
(2) He spends 20 minutes ______ (read) English every morning.
(3) We need ______ (communicate) with our parents more often when feeling upset.
(4) My deskmate suggested ______ (join) the English club to improve oral skills.
(5) She found it difficult ______ (understand) the listening material at first.
2. 单项选择（每小题 2 分）
(1) We should practise ______ English aloud to improve pronunciation.
A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. spoken
(2) He stayed up late ______ finish his homework, so he felt sleepy in class.
A. in order to B. because of C. thanks to D. instead of
（五）固定句型专项（每空 1 分，共 10 分）
根据中文提示，用单元固定句型完成句子。
他花了一个小时解这道数学题。
It ______ him an hour ______ ______ the math problem.
我发现独自解决学习问题很难。
I ______ ______ difficult ______ ______ study problems by myself.
这部电影很值得一看，它能帮助我们了解青少年的烦恼。
This movie ______ ______ ______—it helps us understand teenage problems.
为什么不向老师求助呢？他很乐意帮你。
______ ______ ______ the teacher for help He is glad to help you.
（六）综合语法填空（每空 1 分，共 20 分）
阅读短文，用括号内词的适当形式或语法知识填空。
As a 9th-grade student, I often feel stressed about exams. Last month, I didn’t know 1 (who/ask) for help with my math. I was worried and even stayed up late 2 (study), but I still couldn’t understand the problems.
Then my friend Tom noticed my trouble. He suggested 3 (talk) to our math teacher. I followed his advice, and the teacher told me 4 (that/it’s) important to practise more. She also taught me 5 (how/to) make a study plan.
Every day after that, I spent 30 minutes 6 (do) math exercises. I found 7 (it) easy to solve similar problems with practice. To 8 (I/surprise), I got a good score in the next math test.
This experience taught me that when facing problems, we shouldn’t 9 (give up). Instead, we should 10(communicate) with others and ask for help. It’s also necessary 11 (develop) good study habits. Now, I always make a schedule to keep a balance between study and rest. I know 12 (if/we/will) have more challenges, but I’m ready to face them.
Learning is a journey, and mistakes are just chances 13 (learn) better. I believe I will become a better learner if I keep 14 (try). And I will help my classmates who have trouble, just like Tom helped 15 (I).
（七）单项选择（每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
( ) 1. —How do you usually deal with stress
—I usually practise ______ basketball with my friends after class.
play B. playing C. to play D. played
( ) 2. Do you know ______ we will have the final exam I’m a little worried about it.
when B. when will C. if will D. how will
( ) 3. My mom always tells me ______ careful when crossing the road.
A. be B. to be C. being D. was
( ) 4. It ______ me half an hour to finish my homework yesterday.
took B. spent C. cost D. paid
( ) 5. —I’m not sure ______ to do when feeling lonely.
—Why not talk to your best friend
A. what B. who C. how D. when
参考答案
（一）反身代词专项
1. (1) herself (2) ourselves (3) yourselves (4) himself (5) themselves
2. (1) herself English (2) himself
（二）宾语从句专项
1. (1) if (2) if (3) that (4) how
2. (1) I wonder what his favorite subject is. (2) Do you know how we can deal with stress
（三）词性转换专项
1. safety 2. interesting 3. development 4. carefully 5. scientist
2. confident 7. achievement 8. worried 9. correctly 10. decision
（四）非谓语动词专项
1. (1) to go over (2) reading (3) to communicate (4) joining (5) to understand
2. (1) B (2) A
（五）固定句型专项
1. took; to solve 2. find it; to solve 3. is worth watching 4. Why not ask
（六）综合语法填空
1. who to ask 2. to study 3. talking 4. that it’s 5. how to 6. doing 7. it 8. my surprise 9. give up municate 11. to develop 12. if we will 13. to learn 14. trying 15. me
（七）单项选择
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. A
一、语法复习清单
（一）反身代词
1. 语法结构（人称对应表）
人称代词主格 反身代词 中文释义
I myself 我自己
you（单数） yourself 你自己
you（复数） yourselves 你们自己
he himself 他自己
she herself 她自己
they themselves 他们 / 她们自己
we ourselves 我们自己
2. 核心用法
主语与宾语指代同一人：强调 “独自做某事”，常见搭配贴合青少年生活（自学、照顾自己等）。
固定搭配：teach oneself sth（自学某事）、learn sth by oneself（自学某事）、take care of oneself（照顾自己）、help oneself to sth（随便吃 / 用某物）。
3. 语境例句
Teens should learn to take care of themselves when parents are busy.（父母忙时，青少年应学会照顾自己。）
He taught himself to solve math problems instead of asking for help immediately.（他自学解数学题，而非立刻求助。）
Help yourselves to the snacks, kids—don’t be shy.（孩子们，随便吃点零食，别害羞。）
（二）疑问词 + 不定式（wh- + to do）
1. 语法结构（常用疑问词）
疑问词 功能 示例结构
who 询问 “人” who to ask（该问谁）
what 询问 “事物 / 内容” what to do（该做什么）
how 询问 “方式 / 方法” how to solve（该如何解决）
when 询问 “时间” when to start（该何时开始）
where 询问 “地点” where to go（该去哪里）
2. 核心用法
用于 “不确定该做某事的具体对象 / 方式”，常见于青少年表达 “学习困惑”“问题求助” 场景，常与wonder“don’t know” 搭配。
3. 语境例句（贴合 “青少年问题”）
I’m wondering who to ask for advice on my homework.（我想知道该向谁求助作业问题。）
She doesn’t know how to balance study and hobbies.（她不知道该如何平衡学习和爱好。）
Do you have any idea what to do when feeling stressed （你知道感到有压力时该做什么吗？）
（三）宾语从句
1. 语法结构（三大类引导词）
引导词类型 常用引导词 功能 语序要求
that that（可省略） 陈述事实 陈述语序（主谓不倒装）
if/whether if, whether 询问 “是否” 陈述语序
wh - 类 what, who, how, when 询问 “人 / 事 / 方式 / 时间” 陈述语序
2. 核心用法
青少年与他人交流时表达 “疑问”“不确定”，如询问考试时间、求助学习方法、表达对未来的困惑。
易错点：无论主句是疑问还是陈述，从句必须用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。
3. 语境例句（贴合 “青少年问题”）
Do you know if we will have an English test next week （你知道我们下周是否有英语测试吗？）
He asked his teacher how he could improve his listening skills （他问老师如何能提高听力技巧。）
My mom told me that it’s important to get enough sleep （妈妈告诉我充足睡眠很重要。）
（四）词性转换
1. 四大类高频转换
转换类型 词根（词性） 变形（词性） 中文释义 语境例句（青少年场景）
名词→形容词 care (n./v.) careful (adj.) 仔细的 Be careful when doing homework to avoid mistakes.
形容词→副词 careful (adj.) carefully (adv.) 仔细地 He reads English carefully to catch key words.
动词→名词 develop (v.) development (n.) 发展；培养 The development of social skills helps make friends.
名词→名词（派生词） science (n.) scientist (n.) 科学家 A scientist once said mistakes are chances to learn.
形容词→名词 confident (adj.) confidence (n.) 自信 Joining the club helped her build confidence.
动词→名词 achieve (v.) achievement (n.) 成就 Winning the competition was a big achievement for him.
2. 核心后缀（-er/-or/-ist/-ness）
后缀 功能 词根→派生词（示例）
-er 表 “做某事的人” learn → learner（学习者）
-or 表 “职业 / 身份” invent → inventor（发明家）
-ist 表 “某领域专家” science → scientist（科学家）
-ness 表 “抽象名词（性质）” sad → sadness（悲伤）
（五）非谓语动词（to do & doing）
1. 两大形式核心用法
非谓语形式 常见搭配动词 / 短语 功能 语境例句（青少年场景）
to do advise sb to do（建议某人做） 表 “目的 / 建议 / 动作” The counselor advised me to talk to my parents.
in order to do（为了做） 表 “目的” I stay up late in order to finish homework.
find it + adj + to do（发现做某事…） 表 “感受” She found it difficult to make new friends.
doing practise doing（练习做） 表 “动作的持续 / 习惯” You should practise speaking English every day.
suggest doing（建议做） 表 “建议” My teacher suggested reading more articles.
spend time (in) doing（花费时间做） 表 “花费时间” He spends 30 minutes reading every evening.
（六）情态动词（mustn’t/shouldn’t/could）
1. 三大情态动词用法对比
情态动词 核心含义 语气强度 语境例句（青少年场景）
mustn’t 禁止；不允许 最强 You mustn’t play with fire—it’s dangerous.
shouldn’t 不应该；建议 “不要做” 较弱 You shouldn’t worry too much about exams.
could 1. 过去的能力；2. 委婉请求 温和 1. He could swim fast when he was 10.2. Could you help me with my homework
2. 核心区别（易错点）
mustn’t ≠ needn’t：mustn’t表 “禁止”（绝对不能做），needn’t表 “不必”（没必要做）。
例句：You needn’t finish it today, but you mustn’t copy others’ work.（你不必今天完成，但绝对不能抄别人的作业。）
（七）单元固定句型
句型结构 中文释义 功能 语境例句（青少年场景）
It takes sb + 时间 + to do sth 某人花费… 时间做某事 表 “时间消耗” It took her half an hour to work out the math problem.
find it + adj + to do sth 发现做某事是… 的 表 “主观感受” He found it easy to understand the grammar rule.
It’s necessary for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是必要的 表 “建议 / 必要性” It’s necessary for teens to communicate with parents.
be worth doing sth 值得做某事 表 “价值” This English movie is worth watching—it helps with listening.
二、配套语法练习
（一）反身代词专项（每空 1 分，共 10 分）
1. 根据句意填入合适的反身代词
(1) The little girl taught ______ (she) to play the guitar last year—no one helped her.
(2) We should learn to take care of ______ (we) when our parents are busy with work.
(3) —Help ______ (you) to some fruit, boys! —Thank you, Mrs Li.
(4) He is old enough to dress ______ (he) now—he doesn’t need his mom’s help.
(5) Teens should not always depend on others; they can solve problems by ______ (they).
2. 同义句转换（每空一词）
(1) She learned English by herself.She taught ______ ______.
(2) We took care of the little boy when his parents were away.We looked after the little boy by ______.
（二）宾语从句专项（每空 1 分，共 12 分）
1. 用合适的引导词填空（that/if/what/how）
(1) Do you know ______ we will have a class meeting this Friday
(2) He asked his friend ______ he could borrow a dictionary.
(3) My teacher told me ______ it’s important to review knowledge regularly.
(4) Could you tell me ______ I can improve my spoken English
2. 改正下列句子的语序错误（每句 1 处错）
(1) I wonder what is his favorite subject.
改正：________________________________________________
Do you know how can we deal with stress
改正：________________________________________________
（三）词性转换专项（每空 1 分，共 15 分）
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，使句子贴合青少年场景。
It’s important for us to pay attention to our ______ (safe) when going out alone.
This storybook is so ______ (interest) that all students want to read it.
His ______ (develop) of time management skills helped him study better.
You need to do your homework ______ (care) to avoid silly mistakes.
The ______ (science) gave a speech about “how to learn from mistakes” at our school.
After practicing a lot, she became more ______ (confident) in speaking in public.
His ______ (achieve) in math won him a prize in the school competition.
Don’t be ______ (worry) about the exam—just try your best.
She speaks English ______ (correct) because she practises every day.
(10) The ______ (decide) to join the drama club made her life more colorful.
（四）非谓语动词专项（每空 1 分，共 13 分）
1. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空（to do/doing）
(1) The teacher advised us ______ (go over) our notes before the test.
(2) He spends 20 minutes ______ (read) English every morning.
(3) We need ______ (communicate) with our parents more often when feeling upset.
(4) My deskmate suggested ______ (join) the English club to improve oral skills.
(5) She found it difficult ______ (understand) the listening material at first.
2. 单项选择（每小题 2 分）
(1) We should practise ______ English aloud to improve pronunciation.
A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. spoken
(2) He stayed up late ______ finish his homework, so he felt sleepy in class.
A. in order to B. because of C. thanks to D. instead of
（五）固定句型专项（每空 1 分，共 10 分）
根据中文提示，用单元固定句型完成句子。
他花了一个小时解这道数学题。
It ______ him an hour ______ ______ the math problem.
我发现独自解决学习问题很难。
I ______ ______ difficult ______ ______ study problems by myself.
这部电影很值得一看，它能帮助我们了解青少年的烦恼。
This movie ______ ______ ______—it helps us understand teenage problems.
为什么不向老师求助呢？他很乐意帮你。
______ ______ ______ the teacher for help He is glad to help you.
（六）综合语法填空（每空 1 分，共 20 分）
阅读短文，用括号内词的适当形式或语法知识填空。
As a 9th-grade student, I often feel stressed about exams. Last month, I didn’t know 1 (who/ask) for help with my math. I was worried and even stayed up late 2 (study), but I still couldn’t understand the problems.
Then my friend Tom noticed my trouble. He suggested 3 (talk) to our math teacher. I followed his advice, and the teacher told me 4 (that/it’s) important to practise more. She also taught me 5 (how/to) make a study plan.
Every day after that, I spent 30 minutes 6 (do) math exercises. I found 7 (it) easy to solve similar problems with practice. To 8 (I/surprise), I got a good score in the next math test.
This experience taught me that when facing problems, we shouldn’t 9 (give up). Instead, we should 10(communicate) with others and ask for help. It’s also necessary 11 (develop) good study habits. Now, I always make a schedule to keep a balance between study and rest. I know 12 (if/we/will) have more challenges, but I’m ready to face them.
Learning is a journey, and mistakes are just chances 13 (learn) better. I believe I will become a better learner if I keep 14 (try). And I will help my classmates who have trouble, just like Tom helped 15 (I).
（七）单项选择（每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
( ) 1. —How do you usually deal with stress
—I usually practise ______ basketball with my friends after class.
play B. playing C. to play D. played
( ) 2. Do you know ______ we will have the final exam I’m a little worried about it.
when B. when will C. if will D. how will
( ) 3. My mom always tells me ______ careful when crossing the road.
A. be B. to be C. being D. was
( ) 4. It ______ me half an hour to finish my homework yesterday.
took B. spent C. cost D. paid
( ) 5. —I’m not sure ______ to do when feeling lonely.
—Why not talk to your best friend
A. what B. who C. how D. when
参考答案
（一）反身代词专项
1. (1) herself (2) ourselves (3) yourselves (4) himself (5) themselves
2. (1) herself English (2) himself
（二）宾语从句专项
1. (1) if (2) if (3) that (4) how
2. (1) I wonder what his favorite subject is. (2) Do you know how we can deal with stress
（三）词性转换专项
1. safety 2. interesting 3. development 4. carefully 5. scientist
2. confident 7. achievement 8. worried 9. correctly 10. decision
（四）非谓语动词专项
1. (1) to go over (2) reading (3) to communicate (4) joining (5) to understand
2. (1) B (2) A
（五）固定句型专项
1. took; to solve 2. find it; to solve 3. is worth watching 4. Why not ask
（六）综合语法填空
1. who to ask 2. to study 3. talking 4. that it’s 5. how to 6. doing 7. it 8. my surprise 9. give up municate 11. to develop 12. if we will 13. to learn 14. trying 15. me
（七）单项选择
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. A